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Archive Magazine 1996
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1990-08-15
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If, while maintaining the reference axis
invariable, we film a collection of minimally
dissimilar graphs, each one of which represents a
moment in time of the distribution of a
characteristic in the spatial sample, and if we
present them for viewing at the rate of 24 images
per second, the result will be the continuous
movement of volume if, as in the present case,
the type of representation selected is one of
visualized block diagrams in isometric
perspective. The successive configurations of
this volume manifest, with a qualitatively
different expressive force, the basic outline of
a particular process of space-time evolution
{p.478}
Displays allow the enormous amount of raw data
that a numerical experiment produces within the
central processing unit of the computer to be
communicated to the researcher in the form that
the human visual system and brain are best
adapted to appreciate. {p.29)
In the GIS environment, visualisation techniques
are recognised as an invaluable system component,
aiding in the interpretation of spatially related
phenomena and complex data analysis that takes
the GIS a step beyond two dimensional polygonal
overlay analyses. Many of the GIS venders are
including this capability in their systems to
help cope in our understanding of the "fire hose"
of data being produced by contemporary sources
such as satellites. {p.737}
The point that must be made from all these
legitimate variations of the area-value cartogram
is that visual impression has a great deal to do
with the success of the final result. There is a
basic principle involved: from the very first
moment that one grasps the idea that space on a
map represents real space on the ground, that
concept becomes a tenacious mental construct. We
"recognise" mapped areas, read past the
distortions and visual unrealities of map
projections as if they were not there, seeing the
real world in the inked lines, totally accepting
that one stands for the other. The mind is good
at recognising whole shapes from their parts, and
real identities from abstractions or distortions.
We do it all the time, it is called recognition
of symbols: and this is why map-like cartograms
work so well. One "recognises" the mapped areas;
albeit falsely because of this "recognition"
facility one can read good cartograms with ease,
identifying geographic locations, and
acknowledging the overlay (in terms of size) or a
completely unrelated set of information. Walk
your mind through an atlas of cartogram "world
maps" some time and watch the "real" world and
its parts expand and diminish in topological
response to wheat prices, barrels of oil,
stockpiles of missiles, food surpluses,
population concentrations. {p.7}
A personal computer with an appropriate display
system can be just about as effective as a larger
system for our visualization techniques and
interactive when outfitted with a suitable
computation accelerator, such as the one we
described. {p.29}
The scientific visualization going on today,
Rosebush shows us, has been going on for a long
time. In 1964 Ed Zajak of Bell Labs, who was a
programmer animator, did a satellite orbiting in
space... {p.9}
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