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- • CT scanning assesses the extent of the tumor within the bile duct and its extension into the adjacent liver,
- lymph nodes or other structures within the abdomen. Often, bile duct cancer is not seen on a CT scan.
- • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be helpful in determining if the bile duct cancer can be surgically
- removed.
- • If the diagnosis of cancer is confirmed or suspected, a chest x-ray should be done to look for tumor nodules in
- the lungs that would confirm the distant spread of the cancer.
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- Endoscopy and Biopsy
- • Biopsy, either with a fine needle (FNA) or regular needle, can be done through the skin without significant
- danger or through the scope when ERCP is done. The tumor cells may also be found in the bile; they are
- characteristic. Their presence may help decide whether surgery should be performed if the other studies also
- suggest the tumor has spread. It can be difficult to obtain an adequate biopsy sample because the tumors are
- often small and lie within normal liver tissue .