home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- # include <stdio.h>
-
- #
- #define NIL (-1)
- #define MAXGMOV 10
- #define MAXIMOVES 1000
- char level; /*'b'=beginner, 'i'=intermediate, 'e'=expert*/
- int die1;
- int die2;
- int i;
- int j;
- int l;
- int m;
- int count;
- int red[] {0,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,
- 0,0,0,0,3,0,5,0,0,0,0,0,
- 0,0,0,0,0,0};
- int white[] {0,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5,
- 0,0,0,0,3,0,5,0,0,0,0,0,
- 0,0,0,0,0,0};
- int probability[]{0,11,12,13,14,15,16,
- 06,05,04,03,02,01};
- int imoves;
- int goodmoves[MAXGMOV] ;
- int probmoves[MAXGMOV] ;
- struct {int pos[4],mov[4];} moves[MAXIMOVES] ;
-
- main()
- {
- int t,k,n,go[5];
- char s[100];
- go[5]=NIL;
- srand();
- printf( "Do you want instructions? Type 'y' for yes,\n");
- printf( "anything else means no.?? ");
- getstr(s);
- if(*s=='y')instructions();
- printf( "Choose the level of your oppponent.\n");
- printf( "Type 'b' for beginner, or 'i' for intermediate.\n");
- printf( "Anything else gets you an expert.?? ");
- level='e';
- getstr(s);
- if(*s=='b')level='b';
- else if(*s=='i')level='i';
- printf( "You will play red. Do you wan't to move first?\n");
- printf( "Type 'y' for yes, anything else means no.?? ");
- getstr(s);
- if(*s=='y')goto nowhmove;
- whitesmv:
- roll();
- printf( "white rolls %d,%d\n",die1,die2);
- printf( "white's move is:");
- if(nextmove(white,red)==NIL)goto nowhmove;
- if(piececount(white,0,24)==0){
- printf( "White wins\n");
- printf( "Aren't you ashamed. You've been beaten by a computer.\n");
- exit();
- }
- nowhmove:
- prtbrd();
-
- roll();
- retry:
- printf( "your roll is %d, %d\n",die1,die2);
- printf( "your move, please?? ");
- getstr(s);
- if(*s==0){
- printf( "red's move skipped\n");
- goto whitesmv;
- }
- n=sscanf(s,"%d%d%d%d%d",&go[0],&go[1],&go[2],&go[3],&go[4]);
- if((die1!=die2&&n>2)||n>4){
- printf( "you've made too many moves\n");
- goto retry;
- }
- go[n]=NIL;
- if(*s=='-'){
- go[0]= -go[0];
- t=die1;
- die1=die2;
- die2=t;
- }
- for(k=0;k<n;k++){
- if(0<=go[k] && go[k]<=24)continue;
- else{
- printf( "move %d is illegal\n",go[k]);
- goto retry;
- }
- }
- if(play(red,white,go))goto retry;
- if(piececount(red,0,24)==0){
- printf( "Red wins.\n");
- printf( "Congratulations! You have just defeated a dumb machine.\n");
- exit();
- }
- goto whitesmv;
- }
-
- getstr(s)
- char *s;
- {
- while((*s=getchar())!='\n')s++;
- *s=0;
- }
-
- play(player,playee,pos)
- int *player,*playee,pos[];
- {
- int k,n,die,ipos;
- for(k=0;k<player[0];k++){ /*blots on player[0] must be moved first*/
- if(pos[k]==NIL)break;
- if(pos[k]!=0){
- printf( "piece on position 0 must be moved first\n");
- return(-1);
- }
- }
- for(k=0;(ipos=pos[k])!=NIL;k++){
- die=k?die2:die1;
- n=25-ipos-die;
- if(player[ipos]==0)goto badmove;
- if(n>0&&playee[n]>=2)goto badmove;
- if(n<=0){
- if(piececount(player,0,18)!=0)goto badmove;
- if((ipos+die)!=25&&
- piececount(player,19,24-die)!=0)goto badmove;
- }
- player[ipos]--;
- player[ipos+die]++;
- }
- for(k=0;pos[k]!=NIL;k++){
- die=k?die2:die1;
- n=25-pos[k]-die;
- if(n>0 && playee[n]==1){
- playee[n]=0;
- playee[0]++;
- }
- }
- return(0);
-
- badmove:
- printf( "Move %d is not legal.\n",ipos);
- while(k--){
- die=k?die2:die1;
- player[pos[k]]++;
- player[pos[k]+die]--;
- }
- return(-1);
- }
- nextmove(player,playee)
- int *player,*playee;
- {
- int k;
- imoves=0;
- movegen(player,playee);
- if(die1!=die2){
- k=die1;
- die1=die2;
- die2=k;
- movegen(player,playee);
- }
- if(imoves==0){
- printf( "roll was %d,%d; no white move possible\n",die1,die2);
- return(NIL);
- }
- k=strategy(player,playee); /*select kth possible move*/
- prtmov(k);
- update(player,playee,k);
- return(0);
- }
- prtmov(k)
- int k;
- {
- int n;
- if(k==NIL)printf( "no move possible\n");
- else for(n=0;n<4;n++){
- if(moves[k].pos[n]==NIL)break;
- printf( " %d, %d",25-moves[k].pos[n],moves[k].mov[n]);
- }
- printf( "\n");
- }
- update(player,playee,k)
- int *player,*playee,k;
- {
- int n,t;
- for(n=0;n<4;n++){
- if(moves[k].pos[n]==NIL)break;
- player[moves[k].pos[n]]--;
- player[moves[k].pos[n]+moves[k].mov[n]]++;
- t=25-moves[k].pos[n]-moves[k].mov[n];
- if(t>0 && playee[t]==1){
- playee[0]++;
- playee[t]--;
- }
- }
- }
- piececount(player,startrow,endrow)
- int *player,startrow,endrow;
- {
- int sum;
- sum=0;
- while(startrow<=endrow)
- sum=+player[startrow++];
- return(sum);
- }
- /*
- prtmovs()
- {
- int i1,i2;
- printf( "possible moves are\n");
- for(i1=0;i1<imoves;i1++){
- printf( "\n%d",i1);
- for(i2=0;i2<4;i2++){
- if(moves[i1].pos[i2]==NIL)break;
- printf( "%d, %d",moves[i1].pos[i2],moves[i1].mov[i2]);
- }
- }
- printf( "\n");
- }
- */
-
- roll()
- {
- extern int die1,die2;
- die1=(rand()>>8)%6+1;
- die2=(rand()>>8)%6+1;
- }
-
- movegen(mover,movee)
- int *mover,*movee;
- {
- extern int i,j,l,m,count;
- extern int die1,die2;
- int k;
- for(i=0;i<=24;i++){
- count=0;
- if(mover[i]==0)continue;
- if((k=25-i-die1)>0&&movee[k]>=2)
- if(mover[0]>0)break;
- else continue;
- if(k<=0){
- if(piececount(mover,0,18)!=0)break;
- if((i+die1)!=25&&
- piececount(mover,19,24-die1)!=0)break;
- }
- mover[i]--;
- mover[i+die1]++;
- count=1;
- for(j=0;j<=24;j++){
- if(mover[j]==0)continue;
- if((k=25-j-die2)>0&&movee[k]>=2)
- if(mover[0]>0)break;
- else continue;
- if(k<=0){
- if(piececount(mover,0,18)!=0)break;
- if((j+die2)!=25&&
- piececount(mover,19,24-die2)!=0)break;
- }
- mover[j]--;
- mover[j+die2]++;
- count=2;
- if(die1!=die2){
- moverecord(mover);
- if(mover[0]>0)break;
- else continue;
- }
- for(l=0;l<=24;l++){
- if(mover[l]==0)continue;
- if((k=25-l-die1)>0&&movee[k]>=2)
- if(mover[0]>0)break;
- else continue;
- if(k<=0){
- if(piececount(mover,0,18)!=0)break;
- if((l+die2)!=25&&
- piececount(mover,19,24-die1)!=0)break;
- }
- mover[l]--;
- mover[l+die1]++;
- count=3;
- for(m=0;m<=24;m++){
- if(mover[m]==0)continue;
- if((k=25-m-die1)>=0&&movee[k]>=2)
- if(mover[0]>0)break;
- else continue;
- if(k<=0){
- if(piececount(mover,0,18)!=0)break;
- if((m+die2)!=25&&
- piececount(mover,19,24-die1)!=0)break;
- }
- count=4;
- moverecord(mover);
- if(mover[0]>0)break;
- }
- if(count==3)moverecord(mover);
- else{
- mover[l]++;
- mover[l+die1]--;
- }
- if(mover[0]>0)break;
- }
- if(count==2)moverecord(mover);
- else{
- mover[j]++;
- mover[j+die1]--;
- }
- if(mover[0]>0)break;
- }
- if(count==1)moverecord(mover);
- else{
- mover[i]++;
- mover[i+die1]--;
- }
- if(mover[0]>0)break;
- }
- }
- moverecord(mover)
- int *mover;
- {
- extern int i,j,l,m,imoves,count;
- int t;
- if(imoves>=MAXIMOVES)goto undo;;
- for(t=0;t<=3;t++)
- moves[imoves].pos[t]= NIL;
- switch(count){
- case 4:
- moves[imoves].pos[3]=m;
- moves[imoves].mov[3]=die1;
- case 3:
- moves[imoves].pos[2]=l;
- moves[imoves].mov[2]=die1;
- case 2:
- moves[imoves].pos[1]=j;
- moves[imoves].mov[1]=die2;
- case 1:
- moves[imoves].pos[0]=i;
- moves[imoves].mov[0]=die1;
- imoves++;
- }
- undo:
- switch(count){
- case 4:
- break;
- case 3:
- mover[l]++;
- mover[l+die1]--;
- break;
- case 2:
- mover[j]++;
- mover[j+die2]--;
- break;
- case 1:
- mover[i]++;
- mover[i+die1]--;
- }
- }
-
-
- strategy(player,playee)
- int *player,*playee;
- {
- extern char level;
- int k,n,nn,bestval,moveval,prob;
- n=0;
- if(imoves==0)return(NIL);
- goodmoves[0]=NIL;
- bestval= -32000;
- for(k=0;k<imoves;k++){
- if((moveval=eval(player,playee,k,&prob))<bestval)continue;
- if(moveval>bestval){
- bestval=moveval;
- n=0;
- }
- if(n<MAXGMOV){
- goodmoves[n]=k;
- probmoves[n++]=prob;
- }
- }
- if(level=='e' && n>1){
- nn=n;
- n=0;
- prob=32000;
- for(k=0;k<nn;k++){
- if((moveval=probmoves[k])>prob)continue;
- if(moveval<prob){
- prob=moveval;
- n=0;
- }
- goodmoves[n]=goodmoves[k];
- probmoves[n++]=probmoves[k];
- }
- }
- return(goodmoves[(rand()>>4)%n]);
- }
-
- eval(player,playee,k,prob)
- int *player,*playee,k,*prob;
- {
- extern char level;
- int newtry[31],newother[31],*r,*q,*p,n,sum,first;
- int ii,lastwhite,lastred;
- *prob=sum=0;
- r=player+25;
- p=newtry;
- q=newother;
- while(player<r){
- *p++= *player++;
- *q++= *playee++;
- }
- q=newtry+31;
- for(p=newtry+25;p<q;) *p++ = 0; /*zero out spaces for hit pieces*/
- for(n=0;n<4;n++){
- if(moves[k].pos[n]==NIL)break;
- newtry[moves[k].pos[n]]--;
- newtry[ii=moves[k].pos[n]+moves[k].mov[n]]++;
- if(ii<25 && newother[25-ii]==1){
- newother[25-ii]=0;
- newother[0]++;
- if(ii<=15 && level=='e')sum++; /*hit if near other's home*/
- }
- }
- for(lastred=0;newother[lastred]==0;lastred++);
- for(lastwhite=0;newtry[lastwhite]==0;lastwhite++);
- lastwhite=25-lastwhite;
- if(lastwhite<=6 && lastwhite<lastred)sum=1000;
- if(lastwhite<lastred && level=='e'
- && lastwhite>6){ /*expert's running game.
- First priority to get all
- pieces into white's home*/
- for(sum=1000;lastwhite>6;lastwhite--)
- sum=sum-lastwhite*newtry[25-lastwhite];
- }
- for(first=0;first<25;first++)
- if(newother[first]!=0)break; /*find other's first piece*/
- q=newtry+25;
- for(p=newtry+1;p<q;)if(*p++ > 1)sum++; /*blocked points are good*/
- if(first>5){ /*only stress removing pieces if homeboard
- cannot be hit
- */
- q=newtry+31;
- p=newtry+25;
- for(n=6;p<q;n--)
- sum=+ *p++ * n; /*remove pieces, but just barely*/
- }
- if(level!='b'){
- r=newtry+25-first; /*singles past this point can't be hit*/
- for(p=newtry+7;p<r;)
- if(*p++ == 1)sum--; /*singles are bad after 1st 6 points
- if they can be hit*/
- q=newtry+3;
- for(p=newtry;p<q;)sum=- *p++; /*bad to be on 1st three points*/
- }
-
- for(n=1;n<=4;n++)
- *prob=+ n*getprob(newtry,newother,6*n-5,6*n);
- return(sum);
- }
- instructions()
- {
- printf( "To play backgammon, type the numbers of the points\n");
- printf( "from which pieces are to be moved. Thus, if the\n");
- printf( "roll is '3,5', typing '2 6' will move a piece\n");
- printf( "from point 2 three spaces to point 5,\n");
- printf( "and a piece from point 6 forward to\n");
- printf( "point 11. If the moves must be made in the\n");
- printf( "opposite order, the first character typed must\n");
- printf( "be a minus ('-'). Thus, typing\n");
- printf( "'-2 6' moves the piece on point 2\n");
- printf( "by 5, and the piece on point 6 by 3.\n");
- printf( "If you want to move a single piece several times,\n");
- printf( "the sequence of points from which it is to be\n");
- printf( "moved must be typed. Thus '14 17' will move\n");
- printf( "a piece from point 14 to point 17 and thence to\n");
- printf( "to point 22.\n");
- printf( "If a double is rolled, you should type four numbers.\n");
- printf( "Red pieces that have been removed from the board by\n");
- printf( "being hit by white are on point 0 and\n");
- printf( "must be brought in before any other move can be made.\n");
- printf( "White pieces that are hit are removed to point 25.\n");
- printf( "You will not be allowed to make an illegal move, or\n");
- printf( "to make too many moves. However, if you make too\n");
- printf( "few moves, the program does not care. In particular\n");
- printf( "you may skip your turn by typing a 'new-line'\n");
- printf( "all by itself.\n\n");
- }
-
- getprob(player,playee,start,finish)
- int *player,*playee,start,finish;
- { /*returns the probability (times 102) that any
- pieces belonging to 'player' and lying between
- his points 'start' and 'finish' will be hit
- by a piece belonging to playee
- */
- int k,n,sum;
- sum=0;
- for(;start<=finish;start++){
- if(player[start]==1){
- for(k=1;k<=12;k++){
- if((n=25-start-k)<0)break;
- if(playee[n]!=0)sum=+probability[k];
- }
- }
- }
- return(sum);
- }
- prtbrd()
- {
- int k;
- printf( "White's Home\n");
- for(k=1;k<=6;k++)
- printf( "%4d",k);
- printf( " ");
- for(k=7;k<=12;k++)printf( "%4d",k);
- putchar('\r' );
- for(k=1;k<=54;k++)putchar('_' );
- putchar('\n' );
- numline(red,white,1,6);
- printf( " ");
- numline(red,white,7,12);
- putchar('\n' );
- colorline(red,'R',white,'W',1,6);
- printf( " ");
- colorline(red,'R',white,'W',7,12);
- putchar('\n' );
- if(white[0]!=0)printf( "%28dW\n",white[0]);
- else putchar('\n' );
- if(red[0]!=0)printf( "%28dR\n",red[0]);
- else putchar('\n' );
- colorline(white,'W',red,'R',1,6);
- printf( " ");
- colorline(white,'W',red,'R',7,12);
- putchar('\n' );
- numline(white,red,1,6);
- printf( " ");
- numline(white,red,7,12);
- putchar('\r' );
- for(k=1;k<=54;k++)putchar('_' );
- putchar('\n' );
- for(k=24;k>=19;k--)printf( "%4d",k);
- printf( " ");
- for(k=18;k>=13;k--)printf( "%4d",k);
- printf( "\nRed's Home\n\n\n\n\n");
- }
- numline(upcol,downcol,start,fin)
- int *upcol,*downcol,start,fin;
- {
- int k,n;
- for(k=start;k<=fin;k++){
- if((n=upcol[k])!=0 || (n=downcol[25-k])!=0)printf( "%4d",n);
- else printf( " ");
- }
- }
- colorline(upcol,c1,downcol,c2,start,fin)
- int *upcol,*downcol,start,fin;
- char c1,c2;
- {
- int k;
- char c;
- for(k=start;k<=fin;k++){
- c=' ';
- if(upcol[k]!=0)c=c1;
- if(downcol[25-k]!=0)c=c2;
- printf( " %c",c);
- }
- }
-
- int rrno 0;
-
- srand(){
- rrno = _look( 0x40000 );
- _store( 0x40000, rrno+1 );
- }
-
- rand(){
- rrno =* 0106273;
- rrno =+ 020202;
- return( rrno & 077777 );
- }
-
- _look(p) int *p; {
- return( *p );
- }
-
- _store( p, numb ) int *p; {
- *p = numb;
- }
-