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- .th ROFF I 11/4/74
- .sh NAME
- roff \*- format text
- .sh SYNOPSIS
- .bd roff
- [ \fB+\fIn\fR ] [ \fB\*-\fIn\fR ] [
- .bd \*-s
- ] [
- .bd \*-h
- ] file ...
- .sh DESCRIPTION
- .it Roff
- formats text according to control lines embedded
- in the text in the given files.
- Encountering a nonexistent file terminates printing.
- Incoming interconsole messages are turned off during printing.
- The optional flag arguments mean:
- .s3
- .lp +5 5
- \fB+\fIn\fR Start printing at the first page with number \fIn\fR.
- .s3
- .lp +5 5
- \fB\*-\fIn\fR Stop printing at the first page numbered higher
- than \fIn\fR.
- .s3
- .lp +5 5
- \fB\*-s\fR Stop before each page (including the first)
- to allow paper manipulation;
- resume on receipt of an interrupt signal.
- .s3
- .lp +5 5
- \fB\*-h\fR Insert tabs in the output stream to replace
- spaces whenever appropriate.
- .s3
- .i0
- .dt
- Input consists of intermixed
- .it "text lines,"
- which contain information to be formatted, and
- .it "request lines,"
- which contain instructions about how to format
- it.
- Request lines begin with a distinguished
- .it "control character,"
- normally a period.
- .s3
- Output lines may be
- .it filled
- as nearly as possible with words without regard to
- input lineation.
- Line
- .it breaks
- may be caused at specified places by
- certain commands, or by the appearance of an
- empty input line or an input line beginning with a space.
- .s3
- The capabilities of
- .it roff
- are specified in the attached Request Summary.
- Numerical values are denoted there by n or +n,
- titles by t, and single characters by c.
- Numbers denoted +n may be signed + or \*-,
- in which case they signify relative changes to
- a quantity, otherwise they signify
- an absolute resetting.
- Missing n fields are ordinarily taken to be 1,
- missing t fields to be empty, and c fields to shut off
- the appropriate special interpretation.
- .s3
- Running titles usually appear at top and bottom of every
- page.
- They are set by requests like
- .s3
- .in +10
- .if t \&.he \(fmpart1\(fmpart2\(fmpart3\(fm
- .if n \&.he 'part1'part2'part3'
- .in -10
- .s3
- Part1 is left justified, part2 is centered,
- and part3 is right justified on the page.
- Any % sign in a title is replaced by the current
- page number.
- Any nonblank may serve as a quote.
- .s3
- ASCII tab characters are replaced in the input by a
- .it "replacement character,"
- normally a space,
- according to the
- column settings given by a .ta command.
- (See .tr for how to convert this character on output.)
- .s3
- Automatic hyphenation of filled output is done
- under control of .hy.
- When a word contains a designated
- .it "hyphenation character,"
- that character disappears from the output and
- hyphens can be introduced into
- the word at the marked places only.
- .sh FILES
- /usr/lib/suftab suffix hyphenation tables
- .br
- /tmp/rtm? temporary
- .br
- .sh "SEE ALSO"
- nroff (I), troff (I)
- .sh BUGS
- .it Roff
- is the simplest of the runoff
- programs, but is utterly frozen.
- .bp
- .tc |
- .tr |
- .in 0
- .ce
- REQUEST SUMMARY
- .s3
- .ul
- .if t .ta .75i 1.5i 2.25i
- .if n .ta 9 17 25 33
- Request Break Initial Meaning
- .if t .in2.25i
- .if n .in24
- .na
- .ti 0
- .li
- .ad yes yes Begin adjusting right margins.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .ar no arabic Arabic page numbers.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .br yes - Causes a line break \*- the filling of
- the current line is stopped.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .bl|n yes - Insert of n blank lines, on new page if necessary.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .bp|+n yes n=1 Begin new page and number it n; no n means `+1'.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .cc|c no c=. Control character becomes `c'.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .ce|n yes - Center the next n input lines,
- without filling.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .de|xx no - Define parameterless macro
- to be invoked by request `.xx'
- (definition ends on line beginning `\fB..\fR').
- .ti 0
- .li
- .ds yes no Double space; same as `.ls 2'.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .ef|t no t=\*a\*a\*a\*a Even foot title becomes t.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .eh|t no t=\*a\*a\*a\*a Even head title becomes t.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .fi yes yes Begin filling output lines.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .fo no t=\*a\*a\*a\*a All foot titles are t.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .hc|c no none Hyphenation character becomes `c'.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .he|t no t=\*a\*a\*a\*a All head titles are t.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .hx no - Title lines are suppressed.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .hy|n no n=1 Hyphenation is done, if n=1;
- and is not done, if n=0.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .ig no - Ignore input lines through
- a line beginning with `\fB..\fR'.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .in|+n yes - Indent n spaces from left margin.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .ix +n no - Same as `.in' but without break.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .li|n no - Literal, treat next n lines as text.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .ll|+n no n=65 Line length including indent is n characters.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .ls|+n yes n=1 Line spacing set to n lines per output line.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .m1|n no n=2 Put n blank lines between the top
- of page and head title.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .m2|n no n=2 n blank lines put between head title
- and beginning of text on page.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .m3|n no n=1 n blank lines put between end of
- text and foot title.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .m4|n no n=3 n blank lines put between the foot title
- and the bottom of page.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .na yes no Stop adjusting the right margin.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .ne|n no - Begin new page, if n output lines
- cannot fit on present page.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .nn|+n no - The next n output lines are not numbered.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .n1 no no Add 5 to page offset;
- number lines in margin from 1 on each page.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .n2|n no no Add 5 to page offset;
- number lines from n;
- stop if n=0.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .ni|+n no n=0 Line numbers are indented n.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .nf yes no Stop filling output lines.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .nx|filename - Change to input file `filename'.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .of|t no t=\*a\*a\*a\*a Odd foot title becomes t.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .oh|t no t=\*a\*a\*a\*a Odd head title becomes t.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .pa|+n yes n=1 Same as `.bp'.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .pl|+n no n=66 Total paper length taken to be n lines.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .po|+n no n=0 Page offset.
- All lines are preceded by n spaces.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .ro no arabic Roman page numbers.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .sk|n no - Produce n blank pages starting next page.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .sp|n yes - Insert block of n blank lines,
- except at top of page.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .ss yes yes Single space output lines,
- equivalent to `.ls 1'.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .ta|n|n.. - Pseudotab settings.
- Initial tab settings are columns 9 17 25 ...
- .ti 0
- .li
- .tc|c no space Tab replacement character becomes `c'.
- .ti 0
- .li
- .ti|+n yes - Temporarily indent next output
- line n spaces.
- .ti0
- .li
- .tr|cdef.. no - Translate c into d, e into f, etc.
- .ti0
- .li
- .ul|n no - Underline the letters and numbers
- in the next n input lines.
-