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umsg.h
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1999-11-12
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/*
*******************************************************************************
* *
* COPYRIGHT: *
* (C) Copyright Taligent, Inc., 1996 *
* (C) Copyright International Business Machines Corporation, 1998-1999 *
* Licensed Material - Program-Property of IBM - All Rights Reserved. *
* US Government Users Restricted Rights - Use, duplication, or disclosure *
* restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp. *
* *
*******************************************************************************
*/
#ifndef UMSG_H
#define UMSG_H
#include "utypes.h"
#include <stdarg.h>
/**
* Provides means to produce concatenated messages in language-neutral way.
* Use this for all concatenations that show up to end users.
* <P>
* Takes a set of objects, formats them, then inserts the formatted
* strings into the pattern at the appropriate places.
* <P>
* Here are some examples of usage:
* Example 1:
* <pre>
* . UChar *result, *tzID, *str;
* . UChar pattern[100];
* . t_int32 resultLengthOut, resultlength;
* . UCalendar *cal;
* . UDate d1;
* . UDateFormat *def1;
* . UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
* . str=(UChar*)malloc(sizeof(UChar) * (strlen("disturbance in force") +1));
* . u_uastrcpy(str, "disturbance in force");
* . tzID=(UChar*)malloc(sizeof(UChar) * 4);
* . u_uastrcpy(tzID, "PST");
* . cal=ucal_open(tzID, u_strlen(tzID), "en_US", UCAL_TRADITIONAL, &status);
* . ucal_setDateTime(cal, 1999, UCAL_MARCH, 18, 0, 0, 0, &status);
* . d1=ucal_getMillis(cal, &status);
* . u_uastrcpy(pattern, "On {0, date, long}, there was a {1} on planet {2,number,integer}");
* . resultlength=0;
* . resultLengthOut=u_formatMessage( "en_US", pattern, u_strlen(pattern), NULL, resultlength, &status, d1, str, 7);
* . if(status==U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR){
* . status=U_ZERO_ERROR;
* . resultlength=resultLengthOut+1;
* . result=(UChar*)realloc(result, sizeof(UChar) * resultlength);
* . u_formatMessage( "en_US", pattern, u_strlen(pattern), result, resultlength, &status, d1, str, 7);
* . }
* . printf("%s\n", austrdup(result) );//austrdup( a function used to convert UChar* to char*)
* . //output>: "On March 18, 1999, there was a disturbance in force on planet 7
* </pre>
* Typically, the message format will come from resources, and the
* arguments will be dynamically set at runtime.
* <P>
* Example 2:
* <pre>
* . UChar* str;
* . UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
* . UChar *result;
* . UChar pattern[100];
* . t_int32 resultlength,resultLengthOut, i;
* . double testArgs= { 100.0, 1.0, 0.0};
* . str=(UChar*)malloc(sizeof(UChar) * 10);
* . u_uastrcpy(str, "MyDisk");
* . u_uastrcpy(pattern, "The disk {1} contains {0,choice,0#no files|1#one file|1<{0,number,integer} files}");
* . for(i=0; i<3; i++){
* . resultlength=0;
* . resultLengthOut=u_formatMessage( "en_US", pattern, u_strlen(pattern), NULL, resultlength, &status, testArgs[i], str);
* . if(status==U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR){
* . status=U_ZERO_ERROR;
* . resultlength=resultLengthOut+1;
* . result=(UChar*)malloc(sizeof(UChar) * resultlength);
* . u_formatMessage( "en_US", pattern, u_strlen(pattern), result, resultlength, &status, testArgs[i], str);
* . }
* . printf("%s\n", austrdup(result) ); //austrdup( a function used to convert UChar* to char*)
* . free(result);
* . }
* . // output, with different testArgs:
* . // output: The disk "MyDisk" contains 100 files.
* . // output: The disk "MyDisk" contains one file.
* . // output: The disk "MyDisk" contains no files.
* </pre>
*
* The pattern is of the following form. Legend:
* <pre>
* . {optional item}
* . (group that may be repeated)*
* </pre>
* Do not confuse optional items with items inside quotes braces, such
* as this: "{". Quoted braces are literals.
* <pre>
* . messageFormatPattern := string ( "{" messageFormatElement "}" string )*
* .
* . messageFormatElement := argument { "," elementFormat }
* .
* . elementFormat := "time" { "," datetimeStyle }
* . | "date" { "," datetimeStyle }
* . | "number" { "," numberStyle }
* . | "choice" "," choiceStyle
* .
* . datetimeStyle := "short"
* . | "medium"
* . | "long"
* . | "full"
* . | dateFormatPattern
* .
* . numberStyle := "currency"
* . | "percent"
* . | "integer"
* . | numberFormatPattern
* .
* . choiceStyle := choiceFormatPattern
* </pre>
* If there is no elementFormat, then the argument must be a string,
* which is substituted. If there is no dateTimeStyle or numberStyle,
* then the default format is used (e.g. NumberFormat.getInstance(),
* DateFormat.getDefaultTime() or DateFormat.getDefaultDate(). For
* a ChoiceFormat, the pattern must always be specified, since there
* is no default.
* <P>
* In strings, single quotes can be used to quote the "{" sign if
* necessary. A real single quote is represented by ''. Inside a
* messageFormatElement, quotes are [not] removed. For example,
* {1,number,$'#',##} will produce a number format with the pound-sign
* quoted, with a result such as: "$#31,45".
* <P>
* If a pattern is used, then unquoted braces in the pattern, if any,
* must match: that is, "ab {0} de" and "ab '}' de" are ok, but "ab
* {0'}' de" and "ab } de" are not.
* <P>
* The argument is a number from 0 to 9, which corresponds to the
* arguments presented in an array to be formatted.
* <P>
* It is ok to have unused arguments in the array. With missing
* arguments or arguments that are not of the right class for the
* specified format, a failing UErrorCode result is set.
* <P>
* <P>
* [Note:] As we see above, the string produced by a choice Format in
* MessageFormat is treated specially; occurances of '{' are used to
* indicated subformats.
* <P>
* [Note:] Formats are numbered by order of variable in the string.
* This is [not] the same as the argument numbering!
* <pre>
* . For example: with "abc{2}def{3}ghi{0}...",
* .
* . format0 affects the first variable {2}
* . format1 affects the second variable {3}
* . format2 affects the second variable {0}
* </pre>
* and so on.
*/
/**
* Format a message for a locale.
* This function may perform re-ordering of the arguments depending on the
* locale. For all numeric arguments, double is assumed unless the type is
* explicitly integer. All choice format arguments must be of type double.
* @param locale The locale for which the message will be formatted
* @param pattern The pattern specifying the message's format
* @param patternLength The length of pattern
* @param result A pointer to a buffer to receive the formatted message.
* @param resultLength The maximum size of result.
* @param status A pointer to an UErrorCode to receive any errors
* @param ... A variable-length argument list containing the arguments specified
* in pattern.
* @return The total buffer size needed; if greater than resultLength, the
* output was truncated.
* @see u_parseMessage
*/
U_CAPI int32_t
u_formatMessage( const char *locale,
const UChar *pattern,
int32_t patternLength,
UChar *result,
int32_t resultLength,
UErrorCode *status,
...);
/**
* Parse a message.
* For numeric arguments, this function will always use doubles. Integer types
* should not be passed.
* This function is not able to parse all output from \Ref{u_formatMessage}.
* @param locale The locale for which the message is formatted
* @param pattern The pattern specifying the message's format
* @param patternLength The length of pattern
* @param source The text to parse.
* @param sourceLength The length of source, or -1 if null-terminated.
* @param status A pointer to an UErrorCode to receive any errors
* @param ... A variable-length argument list containing the arguments
* specified in pattern.
* @see u_formatMessage
*/
U_CAPI void
u_parseMessage( const char *locale,
const UChar *pattern,
int32_t patternLength,
const UChar *source,
int32_t sourceLength,
UErrorCode *status,
...);
#endif