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RM80.DOC
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1984-04-29
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RM80 V2.0 User's Guide
RM80 is a PROM-resident monitor for an 8080 (or Z80) system. It
supports one console, one modem, and two cassette decks interfaced
with a Tarbell Tape Interface, with relays. There are four main
groups of commands:
1) The hex monitor (edit memory in hex or ASCII)
2) Standard Tarbell driver (read/write standard tapes)
3) SDC Format tape driver (read/write RM80 tapes)
4) Communications executive (allow link to remote CPU)
All data entered from the console has the following editing
facilities available before hitting the CR key:
1) CTRL-U will abort the current line
2) DEL (RUBOUT) will discard the previous character,
and echo it to the console.
Memory is allocated as follows (in the 24K version):
0000-57FF User program and buffer area
5800-5BFF Default system tape buffer
5900-590A Default system filename buffer
590B-590B Tape unit number buffer
590C-590C Physical record number buffer
590E-5C8D System input buffer
5C8E-5CCD System stack
C000-CBFF 3K PROM containing RM80
Once a program has been loaded in, and execution begun, assuming
the stack pointer has the same value as when execution began, a
simple RET will return you to RM80. At any point, a jump to location
C000 will restart RM80.
The commands are all in the same format:
<KEYWORD> <BLANKS> <PARAM> <BLANKS> <PARAM>
<KEYWORD> - is an up to 5 character word in the list of commands
<BLANKS> - is a string of one or more blanks
<PARAM> - is an up to 4 digit hex number
Some commands will require further data before execution. These
will prompt the user for that data. The MOVE command requires a
destination address, so a valid response to the 'TO?' prompt is a
<PARAM> as above. Anytime the prompt 'FILENAME?' occurs, any legal
CP/M filename may be typed. A CP/M filename is of the form
<name> or <name>.<type>
<name> is any group of up to 8 ASCII characters
<type> is any string of up to 3 ASCII characters
Standard CP/M file types are as follows:
ASM - Assembler source file
HEX - Intel hex object file
COM - Memory image object file (loads at 100H)
BAS - BASIC source file
FOR - FORTRAN source file
************************************************************************
RM80 Hex Monitor Commands
DUMP fwa lwa
Dump memory in hex and ASCII starting at fwa, ending at lwa.
Control characters are printed as periods. Dumping may be
aborted at any time by typing any character.
TYPE fwa lwa
Type memory in ASCII starting at fwa ending at lwa. All
control characters print as themselves (exercise caution).
ENTER fwa
Allow user to enter memory contents in Hex. A four digit
prompt 'xxxx?' will be printed at the start of each input
line, to show the user where the first byte typed on that
line will be loaded into memory. The user may return to RM80
by typing an empty line (CR right after prompt).
MOVE fwa lwa
Move block of memory starting at fwa ending at lwa to the
area starting at the destination address (supplied in response
to the TO? prompt. Blocks may overlap either way.
FILL fwa lwa
Fill memory with constant supplied in response to 'WITH?'
prompt, starting at fwa ending at lwa.
GO fwa
Jump to address fwa. Default is 100H.
************************************************************************
Standard Tarbell Tape Handler Commands
STORE fwa lwa
Store memory starting at fwa ending at lwa to tape in Tarbell
standard format (data bytes then checksum).
FETCH fwa lwa
Fetch standard Tarbell file into memory starting at fwa, and
ending at lwa. Note that the file size (lwa-fwa+1) must be
the same as the file size used in creating the file with
STORE (or equivalent). The message 'CHECKSUM ERROR' indicates
that data was lost (or user specified fwa and lwa wrong for
this file).
CHECK fwa lwa
Same as FETCH, but data is not loaded into memory . Good
for checking quality of files written with STORE.
UNIT n
Sets unit number for above commands (default = 1)
Notes on using cassette tapes with RM80:
Before writing data to tape, the user should put the recorder
into RECORD and allow a reasonable leader (count to 10). The
REMOTE cable (motor control) may be re-inserted and the WRITE
command issued. Further files may be written without additional
leader. When reading tapes, the cassette may be positioned
any length of leader (and/or blank tape) before the actual data.
Port FF lights will display data being written to or read from
cassette tape.
************************************************************************
SDC Tape Handler commands
WRITE n
Writes n pages (256 bytes each) starting at 100H, to tape
in SDC format. A filename will be requested with the 'FILENAME?'
prompt. When the entire file is written, RM80 will respond with
'xxxx BYTES WRITTEN' and then provide a command prompt.
WRITE fwa lwa
As above, but the user nay specify any addresses.
READ fwa
Read next SDC format file into memory starting at fwa.
Reading may be aborted at any time by typing any character.
Default fwa is 100H. Header info is printed as each
record is read into memory.
LOAD
Load Intel Hex Object Format file in SDC Format into memory
at addresses specified in object file. Loading may be aborted
at any point by typing any character.
DUMP
Dump next SDC format file to console in Hex and ASCII.
Header info is printed as each record is read. Conventions are
the same as the memory dump command. Dumping may be aborted
as usual.
TYPE
Type next SDC format file to console in ASCII. Conventions are
the same as the memory TYPE command. Typing may be aborted
as usual.
SCAN
Read SDC tape and print header info until interrupted by any
character from the console.
UNIT n
Select tape unit for all tape commands until respecified.
Header info when printed, is in the following form:
NAME = aaaaaaaa TYPE = aaa SIZE = dddd PRN = dd CRC = ssss
aa...aa is an ASCII character string
dd...dd is a Hex number
ss...ss is the string 'GOOD' or 'BAD'
The SDC physical record format is as follows:
FIRST NUMBER NAME CONTENTS
BYTE OF BYTES
00 01 SOH ASCII Start Of Header
01 08 FN ASCII file name
09 03 FT ASCII file type
12 01 PRN Integer Physical record number
13 02 PRS Integer Physical record size (HI/LO)
14 01 STX ASCII Start Of Text
15 prs DATA Data Bytes (normally 1024 of them)
15+prs 01 ETX ASCII End Of Text
16+prs 02 CRC Integer Cyclic Redundancy Checksum (HI/LO)
************************************************************************
Communications Link Executive
LINK
Establish communications link with remote computer. Characters from
console are sent to the modem. Characters from the modem are
typed on the console. Various control characters allow tape files
to be sent or received, or downloaded. To return to RM80 at any
time, type CTRL-X. This will not break the link, which may be
re-entered by typing LINK again from RM80.
CTRL-O Enable Object File Loader
CTRL-N Disable Object File Loader
CTRL-R Enable Text File Loader
CTRL-Q Disable Text File Loader and write to tape
CTRL-X Return to monitor
************************************************************************