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.HE# AUGUST - T H E C A T C H E R -1987 #
Thσ followinτ i≤ ß lis⌠ oµ thσ 1986/8╖ committee«á Iµ therσ i≤ anythinτ yo⌡ ì
requirσ o≥ an∙ hel≡ yo⌡ caε givσ us¼á pleasσ d∩ no⌠ hesitatσ t∩ contac⌠ an∙ ì
onσ oµ us, preferably before 9.00 P.M.
EXECUTIVE
PRESIDENT ANDREW BARFOOT 758-4822
VICE-PRESIDENT STEVEN JEPSON 45-4226
SECRETARY MALCOLM OSBORNE 404-1282
TREASURER KEVIN CARR 233-4629
PUBLI├ OFFICE╥ JOHN BUTTON 578-8145
COMMITTEE AND ASSISTANTS
Chris Anderson 438-3762 Peter Broughton 347-8114
Russell Crosser 383-5307 Simon Gerraty B/H 420-0927
Mike Holzinger 354-6742 Jim Lobley 758-9169
Mike Thompson 882-5002 John Mitchell 720-2016
SERVICES PROVIDED BY MBUG AUSTRALIA
DISK FORMAT COPYING JOHN BUXTON 758-5744
RBBS SYSTEM OPERATOR. MIKE THOMPSON 882-5002
BAZAAR JOHN MITCHELL. P.O. BOX 157 NUNAWADING 3131
EDITOR A. BARFOOT. P.O. BOX 157 NUNAWADING 3131
MODEM HIRE C. ANDERSON. P.O. BOX. 157 NUNAWADING 3131
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PUBLIC DOMAIN (SIG/M) DISKS S. JEPSON. P.O. BOX 8 ROSANNA 3084
ELECTRONIC PARTS DISCOUNT Rod IRVING 425 HIGH ST. NORTHCOTE
COMPUTER BOOK DISCOUNT TECHNICAL BOOKSHOP SWANSTON St. MELBOURNE
PRESTON ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS 217 HIGH ST. PRESTON.
ADVERTISEMENTS P.O. BOX 157 NUNAWADING 3131
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No charge for non recurring private sales items
GENERAL POLICY
T∩á expeditσ you≥ requests¼á genera∞ correspondencσá t∩ Contribution≤ fo≥ thσ CATCHE╥ ma∙ bσ madσ direc⌠ t∩ thσ ì
MBU╟á AUS╘á IN├ shoulΣ bσ sen⌠ t∩ ou≥ officia∞á addres≤ editor¼ sen⌠ t∩ thσ RBB╙ o≥ b∙ mail« Contribution≤ wil∞ ì
anΣ eacΦ enquir∙ shoulΣ bσ oε seperate forms« bσ accepteΣ viß modem¼ disk≤ (│ 1/2ó o≥ ╡ 1/4")¼ tape,
writteε o≥ typed« Contributions will not be considereΣ
Thσ editor≤ reservσ thσ righ⌠ t∩ edi⌠ al∞ contribution≤ withou⌠ ß namσ anΣ addres≤ and/o≥ membe≥ number« Pleasσ ì
fo≥á thσá sakσá oµ brevity¼á clarit∙á and/o≥á accuracy« includσ ß S.A.┼ fo≥ returε oµ you≥ tape/disk. ì
Letter≤á mus⌠á includσá namσ anΣ addres≤á bu⌠á wσá wil∞ ì
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MBU╟á AUS╘á caεá takσ n∩ responsibilit∙á fo≥á thσá safσì
MBU╟áá AUSTRALI┴á INC«áá it≤á officers¼áá member≤áá anΣ returε oµ an∙ materia∞ supplied« Iµ returε i≤ critical¼ì
contributor≤á accep⌠ n∩ responsibilit∙ fo≥ an∙á damage≤ (something irreplaceable), don't send it. ì
causeΣá t∩á an∙ persoε o≥ propert∙á attributeΣá t∩á an∙ ì
advicσ o≥ informatioε publisheΣ iε Thσ CATCHER. MBU╟á AUS╘ INC«á doe≤ no⌠ condonσ thσ non-authoriseΣ usσ
oµáá copyrigh⌠á software/hardwarσá anΣá thereforσáá als∩
Microworld Basic listings may carry a number at the end condemn≤ unauthorised copying of such material.
of each line. eg. {123}. These are checksum numbers and
shoulΣá shoulΣá no⌠ bσ typeΣ iε a≤ par⌠ oµ thσ listing«á Contribution≤ no⌠ necessaril∙ endorseΣ b∙ MbuτáAus⌠ Inc.
THE CATCHER is published by MBUG AUSTRALIA INCORPORATED
All copyrights are reserved by MBUG AUSTRALIA INCORPORATED è FRO═ TH┼ CHIE╞ MBU╟ FRO═ TH┼ CHIE╞ MBU╟ FRO═ TH┼ CHIE╞ MBU╟
IMPORTAN╘ NOTIC┼ RBB╙ ACCESS
A≤ oµ thσ 13tΦ August¼ al∞ member≤ oµ thi≤ cluΓ wil∞ havσ instan⌠ acces≤ t∩ ì
CP/═ oε thσ RBB╙ providinτ thσ followinτ procedure≤ arσ followed«
Al∞ member≤ ne≈ o≥ old¼ wil∞ bσ askeΣ t∩ identif∙ themselves« Iε answering¼ ì
yo⌡ MUS╘ typσ iε you≥ namσ a≤ i⌠ appear≤ oε you≥ mailinτ label«á (Thσ whitσ ì
thinτá witΦ printinτ oε i⌠ tha⌠ i≤ stucδ t∩ thσ envelopσ thi≤ magazinσ camσ ì
in.⌐ Yo⌡ wil∞ theε bσ askeΣ t∩ ente≥ you≥ PI╬ number«á Thi≤ numbe≥ wil∞á bσ ì
thσ suφ oµ you≥ MEMBE╥ NUMBE╥ ADDE─ T╧ YOU╥ POS╘ CODE.ù e.g«á iµ you≥ membe≥ ì
numbe≥á wa≤ 12│ anΣ yo⌡ livσ iε pos⌠ codσ 5678¼á theε you≥ PI╬ numbe≥ woulΣ ì
bσá 5801«á Oncσ yo⌡ loτ iε fo≥ thσ firs⌠ time¼á yo⌡ wil∞ theε bσ askeΣá t∩ ì
ente≥á ß NE╫ password«á I⌠ i≤ thi≤ passworΣ tha⌠ wil∞ allo≈ yo⌡á acces≤á iε ì
future«á Yo⌡á wil∞ onl∙ havσ t∩ g∩ througΦ thσ PI╬ numbe≥ routinσ thσ firs⌠ ì
timσ yo⌡ connec⌠ t∩ thσ RBBS«á Froφ theε on¼á acces≤ wil∞ bσ simila≥ t∩ thσ ì
wa∙ i⌠ i≤ now«á Al∞ financia∞ member≤ wil∞ havσ instan⌠ acces≤ t∩ CP/M« An∙ ì
membe≥ wh∩ ha≤ haΣ thei≥ acces≤ curtaileΣ iε thσ past¼ wil∞ oncσ agaiε havσ ì
acces≤ t∩ CP/M«á Thi≤ i≤ NO╘ becausσ oµ prograφ inability«á Iµ an∙á member¼ ì
financia∞á o≥ not¼á abuse≤ thσ system¼á acces≤ wil∞ agaiε cease«á Onσ othe≥ ì
point¼ iµ yo⌡ don'⌠ havσ ß Modem¼ yo⌡ caε hirσ onσ froφ thσ club«
Onσ oµ thσ thing≤ requesteΣ froφ thσ surve∙ (oµ whicΦ onl∙ 16░ member≤ ì
havσá answereΣá s∩ far)¼á wa≤ thσ desirσ oµ countr∙ member≤ t∩ bσá ablσá t∩ ì
communicatσá witΦ othe≥ member≤ wh∩ ma∙ livσ iε thσ samσ regions«á T∩á thi≤ ì
end¼ i⌠ i≤ m∙ intentioε t∩ publisΦ iε thi≤ newsletter¼ thσ names¼ anΣ towε ì
namσá oµ al∞ noε suburbaε member≤ oµ thi≤ club«á Thi≤ wil∞á includσá anyonσ ì
whosσá mai∞á doe≤á no⌠á g∩á througΦ onσá oµá thσá Victoriaεá suburbaεá mai∞ ì
exchanges«á Iµá an∙ membe≥ doe≤ NO╘ wisΦ t∩ havσ thei≥ namσ published,ù yo⌡ ì
wil∞á havσ t∩ le⌠ mσ kno≈ prio≥ t∩ 15tΦ Septembe≥ 1987«á Thσ lis⌠á wil∞á bσ ì
publisheΣ iε thσ Octobe≥ Catche≥ iε thσ forφ oµ "JO┼ BLOG╟ - BALLARAT."
A≤á yo⌡á arσ n∩ doub⌠ aware¼á thi≤ issuσ ha≤ arriveΣ iε you≥ mai∞á onσ ì
weeδ soone≥ thaε usual«á Thσ reason≤ arσ a≤ follows« A≤ thi≤ montΦ end≤ ou≥ ì
cluΓá year¼á ╔á wan⌠á t∩ ensurσ al∞ member≤ havσ thσá opportunit∙á t∩á kno≈ ì
exactl∙ wha⌠ i≤ goinτ t∩ happeε thi≤ montΦ anΣ hope¼ witΦ thσ extrß notice¼ ì
a≤ man∙ oµ yo⌡ a≤ possiblσ wil∞ attenΣ thσ Annua∞ Genera∞ Meeting«
Thσá meetinτá wil∞ follo≈ thσ agendß a≤ se⌠ ou⌠ late≥ iεá thi≤á issue« ì
Thi≤ wil∞ bσ followeΣ b∙ ß norma∞ meeting«á Durinτ thσ night¼á yo⌡ wil∞á bσ ì
askeΣ t∩ votσ hopefull∙ oε tw∩ items«á Thσ firs⌠ beinτ fo≥ committeσ place≤ ì
fo≥á thσá cominτ yea≥ anΣ thσ thσ seconΣ votσ wil∞ bσ fo≥á thσá competitioε ì
entries« A≤ fo≥ thσ committeσ places¼ wσ woulΣ likσ t∩ seσ enougΦ peoplσ t∩ ì
enablσ u≤ t∩ havσ ß ballot« Wσ neeΣ 1│ committeσ anΣ ß Publiπ Officer« Thσ ì
Publiπ Office≥ doe≤ no⌠ neeΣ t∩ bσ ß committeσ membe≥ bu⌠ shoulΣ attenΣ al∞ ì
committeσ meetings«á Thσ curren⌠ Publiπ Office≥ wishe≤ t∩ retirσ thi≤á yea≥ ì
anΣ others¼ (includinτ myself)¼ arσ no⌠ ye⌠ surσ iµ the∙ wil∞ ruε again« M∙ ì
intention¼ witΦ you≥ support¼ i≤ t∩ a⌠ leas⌠ remaiε a≤ editor« No≈ coulΣ bσ ì
thσ timσ fo≥ yo⌡ t∩ pu⌠ somethinτ bacδ int∩ you≥ club«
Al∞ competitioε entrie≤ havσ no≈ beeε published«á (Iε thσá June¼á Jul∙ ì
anΣá Augus⌠á Catchers.⌐ WitΦ thi≤ issuσ beinτ early¼á yo⌡ wil∞ al∞á havσá ß ì
chancσ t∩ reaΣ thosσ iε thi≤ issuσ anΣ conside≥ you≥ preferencσ wel∞ beforσ ì
voting«á Lindsa∙á ForΣá wil∞á bσ oε hanΣ t∩ presen⌠ thσ winne≥á witΦá thei≥ ì
prize¼ onσ cop∙ oµ "DEBTMASTER".
As the old saying goes "vote early and vote often"
>ANDREWè ┴ SHOR╘ HISTOR┘ O╞ TH┼ COMPUTE╥ - Froφ MammotΦ t∩ Microbee.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
B∙ Rober⌠ ┴ Smith« MBU╟ 1261« Junσ 1987« Competitioε Entry
Sincσá thσ enΣ oµ thσ SeconΣ WorlΣ Wa≥ ß technologica∞ revolutioεá ha≤ ì
beeε takinτ place¼á thσ scopσ oµ whicΦ i≤ unequalleΣ iε an∙ othe≥ perioΣ oµ ì
history«á Durinτá recen⌠ year≤ therσ ha≤ beeε ß never-endinτ streaφ oµá ne≈ ì
invention≤á anΣ developments«á Mos⌠ oµ u≤ finΣ i⌠ increasingl∙ difficul⌠ t∩ ì
kee≡ pacσ witΦ moderε technologica∞ progress╗á change≤ arσ s∩ frequent¼ anΣ ì
thσá machination≤á oµá man∙ invention≤ s∩ complex¼á tha⌠á b∙á thσá timσá wσ ì
understanΣá ho≈ onl∙ ß fe≈ oµ theφ worδ the∙ havσ probabl∙ beeεá supersedeΣ ì
b∙ morσ advanceΣ techniques«á Nothinτ i≤ morσ typica∞ oµ thi≤ ever-changinτ ì
technolog∙ thaε thσ developmen⌠ oµ Computers.
Thσá firs⌠á Computer¼á a≤ wσ kno≈ i⌠ today¼á wa≤ inventeΣ iεá 1946╗á today¼ ì
severa∞ developmen⌠ stage≤ later¼á man∙ hundred≤ oµ thousand≤ oµá Computer≤ ì
arσá iε operatioε throughou⌠ thσ world¼á eacΦ onσ man∙ time≤ morσ powerful¼ ì
anΣ mos⌠ oµ theφ ver∙ mucΦ smaller¼ thaε thσ original«
AlthougΦ introduceΣ onl∙ 4░ year≤ ago¼á Computer≤ stil∞ amazσ mos⌠á people« ì
Thi≤ i≤ partl∙ duσ t∩ thσ fac⌠ tha⌠ thσ Compute≥ is¼á perhaps¼ thσ greates⌠ ì
man-madσá inventioεá thσ worlΣ ha≤ eve≥ witnessed╗á i⌠ als∩ stem≤ froφá thσ ì
fac⌠á tha⌠ relativel∙ fe≈ peoplσ understanΣ ho≈ ß Compute≥á actuall∙á work≤ ì
anΣ eveε fewe≥ realisσ ho≈ i⌠ camσ t∩ bσ inventeΣ iε thσ firs⌠ place.
Computing¼á a≤ wσ kno≈ i⌠ today¼ wa≤ conceiveΣ iε thσ nineteentΦ centur∙ b∙ ì
Charle≤á Babbagσ iε England«á Hi≤ idea≤ werσ wa∙ aheaΣ oµ hi≤ timσ anΣ eveε ì
thougΦ hi≤ plan≤ werσ fo≥ ß mechanica∞ Computer¼á thσ technolog∙ oµ thσ da∙ ì
wa≤ no⌠ quitσ u≡ t∩ thσ task¼á anΣ thσ fina∞ machinσ planneΣ for¼ wa≤ neve≥ ì
completed╗ althougΦ smal∞ demonstratioε model≤ were« Onσ oµ thesσ i≤ no≈ oε ì
displa∙ a⌠ thσ Sciencσ Museuφ iε London.
I⌠ wa≤ no⌠ unti∞ 7░ year≤ late≥ tha⌠ Hermaε HolleritΦ iε thσ UniteΣá State≤ ì
go⌠ thing≤ goinτ again« U≡ unti∞ thσ enΣ oµ thσ nineteentΦ centur∙ al∞ forφ ì
oµá accountinτá haΣá involveΣ labouriou≤á hand-writteεá calculations«á Thi≤ ì
methoΣá causeΣ n∩ majo≥ problem≤ iε smal∞ businesse≤ whicΦ diΣ no⌠ havσá t∩ ì
copσá witΦá ßá largσá volumσá oµá accountanc∙á work«áá However¼áá iεá largσ ì
corporations¼á particularl∙ Governmen⌠ departments¼á mountain≤ oµ paperworδ ì
threateneΣ t∩ swam≡ thσ effort≤ oµ thosσ wh∩ werσ tryinτ t∩ kee≡ pacσá witΦ ì
thσ growinτ accumulation.
Durinτ thσ late≥ decade≤ oµ thσ century¼ therσ wa≤ s∩ mucΦ worδ involveΣ iε ì
assessinτ thσ censu≤ total≤ iε thσ UniteΣ State≤ tha⌠ thσ censu≤ systeφ wa≤ ì
iεá dange≥á oµ disintegration«á EacΦ ten-yearl∙ coun⌠ wa≤ takinτ longe≥á t∩ ì
calculatσá thaε thσ previou≤ one«á Matter≤ camσ t∩ breakinτ poin⌠ wheεá thσ ì
censu≤ takeε iε 188░ tooδ morσ thaε seveε year≤ t∩ complete«á Thσ situatioε ì
haΣá no≈á reacheΣá thσ stagσ wherσ onσ censu≤ wa≤á barel∙á finisheΣá beforσ ì
preparation≤á fo≥ thσ nex⌠ onσ haΣ t∩ begin«á Furthermore¼á b∙ thσ timσ thσ ì
result≤ oµ ß censu≤ coulΣ bσ published¼á thσ informatioε wa≤ s∩ out-of-datσ ì
a≤ t∩ bσ practicall∙ useless.
Afte≥ exhaustivσ tests¼á thσ UniteΣ State≤ Governmen⌠ decideΣ tha⌠ thσ datß ì
fo≥á thσ 189░ censu≤ woulΣ bσ computeΣ b∙ ß punched-carΣ tabulatinτá systeφ ì
whicΦ haΣ beeε deviseΣ b∙ ß statistician¼ Dr.Hermaε Hollerith¼ wh∩ wa≤ theε ì
iεá hi≤ earl∙ twenties«á Al∞ thσ censu≤ datß wa≤ puncheΣ oε card≤á usinτá ß ì
codeΣá patterε oµ holes«á Thσ card≤ werσ theε reaΣ b∙ aε electriπ Tabulato≥ ì
whicΦ calculateΣ thσ results.
Thσá immediatσ effect≤ oµ Hollerith'≤ method≤ werσ astounding«á Thσá total≤ ìèwerσá calculateΣ iε ß quarte≥ oµ thσ timσ i⌠ haΣ takeε fo≥á thσá equivalen⌠ ì
total≤ fo≥ thσ 188░ census«á ┴ mucΦ morσ comprehensivσ analysi≤ oµ thσ datß ì
wa≤ undertakeε anΣ thσ result≤ werσ produceΣ iε ß ver∙ shor⌠ time« Thσ 189░ ì
censu≤á result≤ werσ morσ meaningful¼á morσ accurate¼á anΣ morσ up-to-date╗ ì
the∙ werσ consequentl∙ morσ useful.
Thσá succes≤ oµ Hollerith'≤ idea≤ attracteΣ widespreaΣá attention«á I⌠á wa≤ ì
sooε realiseΣ tha⌠ thi≤ tabulatinτ systeφ coulΣ no⌠ onl∙ bσ useΣ t∩ computσ ì
censu≤ results¼á bu⌠ coulΣ als∩ bσ applieΣ t∩ thσ wholσ rangσ oµ Governmen⌠ ì
anΣ busines≤ accounting«á Iε thσ nex⌠ fift∙ year≤ thσ Tabulato≥ transformeΣ ì
accountinτ method≤ iε al∞ developeΣ countries.
Hollerith'≤á origina∞á Tabulato≥á wa≤á baseΣá oεá electro-mechanica∞á card-ì
reading«á ┴á compan∙á wa≤ formeΣ t∩ develo≡ hi≤ inventioε anΣ thi≤á compan∙ ì
eventuall∙ becamσ Internationa∞ Busines≤ Machine≤ (IBM)«á A⌠ thσ samσá timσ ì
aε independen⌠ compan∙ wa≤ establisheΣ iε EnglanΣ calleΣ BritisΦ Tabulatinτ ì
Machine≤ (BTM).
A⌠á thσ thσ turε oµ thσ century¼á Jame≤ Powers¼á aε associatσ oµ Hollerith¼ ì
inventeΣ ß Tabulato≥ whicΦ useΣ ß mechanica∞ card-readinτ method« Hi≤ idea≤ ì
werσá developeΣ b∙ thσ Remington-RanΣ compan∙ iε thσ UniteΣ State≤á anΣá b∙ ì
thσ Powers-Sama≤ compan∙ iε England« Iε 195╣ thσ BritisΦ Tabulatinτ Machinσ ì
compan∙á anΣ Powers-Sama≤ combineΣ t∩ forφ ß compan∙ iε England¼á whicΦá i≤ ì
no≈ knowε a≤ Internationa∞ Computer≤ LimiteΣ (ICL).
Thσ origina∞ idea≤ oµ HolleritΦ anΣ Power≤ dominateΣ thσ worlΣ oµ computinτ ì
(calculating⌐á iεá thσá firs⌠á halµ oµ thi≤á century«á Thσá mechanica∞á anΣ ì
electro-mechanica∞á Tabulator≤ werσ sooε iε widespreaΣ usσá a≤á businessmeε ì
anΣá Governmen⌠ administrator≤ throughou⌠ thσ worlΣ becamσ convinceΣ oµ thσ ì
saving≤ iε time¼á manpowe≥ anΣ mone∙ whicΦ thσ ne≈ method≤ achieved« A⌠ thσ ì
samσá time¼á thσ capabilit∙ anΣ rangσ oµ thesσ machine≤ werσá progressivel∙ ì
enhanceΣ b∙ thσ companie≤ manufacturinτ them.
Iε 193╣ Professo≥ Aikeε oµ HarvarΣ University¼á workinτ witΦ IB═ engineers¼ ì
designeΣá aεá enormou≤á calculatinτ machine«á Thσ ideßá wa≤á t∩á combinσá ß ì
collectioεá oµ conventiona∞ tabulatinτ machine≤ int∩ onσ viablσ uni⌠ anΣ t∩ ì
contro∞á al∞ thσ operation≤ b∙ mean≤ oµ switche≤ anΣ puncheΣá pape≥á tapes« ì
Thσá projec⌠á tooδá fivσ year≤ t∩ complete«á Knowε a≤ thσá HarvarΣá Marδá ▒ ì
Calculator¼á i⌠á wa≤ thσ firs⌠ machinσ eve≥ buil⌠ whicΦ useΣ thσ principle≤ ì
oµ thσ origina∞ Babbagσ designs«á I⌠ measureΣ ove≥ fift∙ fee⌠ iε lengtΦ (1╡ ì
metres⌐ anΣ stooΣ eigh⌠ fee⌠ higΦ (2.┤ metres)«á Capablσ oµ calculatinτá t∩ ì
2│ decima∞ places¼ i⌠ wa≤ useΣ t∩ computσ complicateΣ table≤ fo≥ top-secre⌠ ì
UniteΣ State≤ militar∙ projects¼ sucΦ a≤ ballistics.
Whilσá thσ Marδ ▒ wa≤ beinτ developeΣ a⌠ Harvard¼á anothe≥ areß oµ researcΦ ì
wa≤ progressinτ a⌠ Pennsylvaniß University«á Workinτ unde≥ thσ samσ wartimσ ì
pressure≤á t∩á computσá comple° calculation≤ a≤á quickl∙á a≤á possible¼á aε ì
engineer¼á J.P.Eckert¼á anΣá ß mathematician¼á Johε W.Mauchly¼á designeΣá ß ì
machinσá whicΦ wa≤ t∩ revolutionizσ computing¼á sucΦ a≤ i⌠á was«á Thi≤á wa≤ ì
calleΣá thσ Electroniπ Numerica∞ Indicato≥ AnΣ Calculato≥ (ENIAC)«á I⌠ useΣ ì
radi∩á valve≤ (vacuuφ tubes⌐ a≤ storagσ anΣ calculatinτ elements¼á anΣá wa≤ ì
severa∞ hundreΣ time≤ faste≥ thaε thσ Marδ 1«á Containinτ 18,00░ valve≤ anΣ ì
1,50░á relays¼á i⌠á wa≤ gigantic«á Wheε i⌠ performeΣá it≤á firs⌠á automatiπ ì
calculatioε iε 1946¼ thσ moderε electroniπ Compute≥ wa≤ born.
Subsequen⌠á analysi≤á oµ ENIA├ showeΣ tha⌠ machine≤ oµ eveεá greate≥á powe≥ ì
coulΣáá bσáá constructeΣá witΦá les≤á equipment«áá Idea≤á pu⌠á forwarΣáá b∙ ì
Dr.J.VonNeumanεá suggesteΣá tha⌠á program≤ coulΣá bσá storeΣá iεá computinτ ì
machine≤á electronically¼á rathe≥ thaε externall∙ set-u≡ oε switcΦá panels« ìèThi≤á mean⌠ tha⌠ thσ prograφ coulΣ bσ modifieΣ b∙ itselµ wheε running¼á anΣ ì
i≤ seeε a≤ onσ oµ thσ majo≥ breakthrough≤ iε Compute≥ development.
A⌠á thσ enΣ oµ 1946¼á followinτ thσ enΣ oµ thσ SeconΣ WorlΣá War¼á researcΦ ì
starteΣá iεá ßá numbe≥á oµá place≤ iε thσá UniteΣá State≤á anΣá Britaiεá t∩ ì
investigatσ furthe≥ thσ ne≈ phenomenoε oµ electroniπ computing.
Iε 194╖ a⌠ Cambridgσ Universit∙ iε England¼á Dr.M.V.Wilkes¼ Directo≥ oµ thσ ì
Mathematica∞á Laboratory¼á designeΣ thσ Electroniπ Datßá Storagσá Automatiπ ì
Calculato≥á (EDSAC)«á B∙á Ma∙ 194╣ thσ machinσ haΣ beeε completeΣá anΣá wa≤ ì
operational«á A≤á thσ firs⌠ stored-prograφ electroniπ digita∞ Computer¼á i⌠ ì
wa≤ capablσ oµ obeyinτ ß thousanΣ instruction≤ ß second╗á Babbage'≤ machinσ ì
wa≤ intendeΣ t∩ perforφ sixt∙ addition≤ ß minute.
Iε thσ UniteΣ States¼á IBM¼á Univac¼ RC┴ anΣ Burroughs¼ iε conjunctioε witΦ ì
Universitie≤á anΣá Governmen⌠ researcΦ establishments¼á werσá carryinτá ou⌠ ì
furthe≥ research«á Iε Britain¼ Elliotts¼ Lyons¼ EnglisΦ Electric¼ Ferranti¼ ì
Powers-Samas¼á Vicker≤á anΣ BT═ werσ doinτ simila≥á pioneerinτá developmen⌠ ì
work¼á workinτ closel∙ witΦ London¼á Mancheste≥ anΣ Cambridgσ Universities¼ ì
a≤ wel∞ a≤ thσ Nationa∞ Physica∞ Laboratory.
Al∞á thi≤á researcΦá proveΣ conclusivel∙ tha⌠ electroniπá computinτá wa≤á ß ì
practica∞ propositioε fo≥ scientifiπ applications«á Furthe≥ researcΦ wa≤ t∩ ì
sho≈á tha⌠á Computer≤á coulΣá bσ applieΣ t∩á commercia∞á task≤á witΦá equa∞ ì
success.
EacΦá succeedinτ yea≥ since¼á ha≤ witnesseΣ onσ breakthrougΦ afte≥ another« ì
Thσá speed¼á capacity¼á adaptabilit∙á anΣá reliabilit∙á oµá Computer≤á havσ ì
improveΣ a⌠ ß breathtakinτ rate.
A≤á thσ earl∙ Computer≤ useΣ thousand≤ oµ valves¼á thσ machine≤á themselve≤ ì
werσá a≤á largσ a≤ aε averagσ house«á Thσ valvσ wa≤á ver∙á unreliable¼á anΣ ì
generateΣ s∩ mucΦ hea⌠ tha⌠ expensivσ wate≥ coolinτ system≤ haΣ t∩ bσá useΣ ì
t∩ preven⌠ thσ machine≤ froφ meltinτ anΣ burning-up.
Iεá thσá latσá fiftie≤á thσ valvσ wa≤ replaceΣá b∙á ßá ne≈á discovery¼á thσ ì
Transistor¼á whicΦ ensureΣ tha⌠ a≤ Computer≤ becamσ morσ powerfu∞ the∙ werσ ì
relativel∙á smalle≥ iε size¼á anΣ thσ probleφ oµ overheatinτ wa≤á resolved« ì
Thi≤á developmen⌠ wa≤ accelerateΣ eveε furthe≥ iε thσ mid-sixtie≤ wheεá thσ ì
transisto≥á wa≤á replaceΣ b∙ thσ micro-integrateΣá circui⌠á (IC)¼á commonl∙ ì
describeΣá a≤ Chips«á Thi≤ las⌠ developmen⌠ ha≤ madσ possiblσ thσá familia≥ ì
machine≤ oµ today¼á sucΦ a≤ thσ Microbeσ etc.¼á ß fa≥ cr∙ froφ thσ mammoth≤ ì
oµ thσ past.
Durinτ thσ samσ perioΣ ingeniou≤ anΣ comple° device≤ havσ beeε inventeΣ fo≥ ì
transferrinτ informatioε t∩ anΣ froφ ß Computer«á Typica∞ example≤ oµ thesσ ì
arσ magnetiπ tape¼á magnetiπ disc¼á ba≥ codσ readers¼ grapΦ plotters¼ lase≥ ì
printer≤á etc«á I⌠á i≤ difficul⌠ t∩ realisσ tha⌠ al∞ thi≤á developmen⌠á ha≤ ì
takeε placσ iε 4░ years«á Iε tha⌠ relativel∙ shor⌠ perioΣ oµ humaε history¼ ì
computinτ technique≤ havσ beeε transformeΣ severa∞ times.
Thσá Industria∞ Revolutioε brough⌠ abou⌠ thσ greates⌠ technologica∞á changσ ì
beforσ thi≤ century«á Thσ electroniπ Compute≥ ha≤ causeΣ ß revolutioε whicΦ ì
ma∙á provσá eveεá greater«á A≤á thσá Industria∞á Revolutioεá witnesseΣá thσ ì
introductioεá oµ machine≤ whicΦ relieveΣ u≤ oµ mucΦ oµ ou≥ physica∞ labour¼ ì
s∩ thσ Compute≥ revolutioε ha≤ seeε thσ inventioε oµ machine≤ whicΦ caεá iµ ì
useΣ wisely¼ freσ u≤ froφ ß wholσ lo⌠ more¼ botΦ physica∞ anΣ mental.
-------------ooOoo-------------è O╬ TH┼ ART OF EXTRACTI╬G LARG┼ DIGIT╙ WITH ┴ MICROBEE
Competition Entry
Julian Ophel, cipher 308
╔ wa≤ horrifieΣ wheε ╔ firs⌠ founΣ tha⌠ threσ one≤ arσ tw∩ poin⌠á ninσ ì
ninσá ninσá ninσ ninσ nine¼á havinτ beeε misleaΣ b∙ primar∙ educatioεá tha⌠ ì
taugh⌠ thσ approximatioε threσ one≤ arσ threσ a≤ fact«á Thσ revelatioεá wa≤ ì
firs⌠ madσ usinτ aε "electroniπ calculatoró 1/│ ¬ │ ¬ 3¼ anΣ conclusivel∙ ì
proveΣ witΦ thσ computer.
However¼á continuinτá experiencσá witΦá thσ compute≥ ha≤á leaΣá t∩á furthe≥ ì
revelatioε concerninτ thσ uncertaint∙ oµ numbers« Somσ homσ computer≤ allo≈ ì
"doublσ precision"¼á whicΦ allow≤ threσ one≤ t∩ bσ tw∩ poin⌠ ninσ ninσ ninσ ì
ninσá ninσ ninσ ninσ ninσ ninσ ninσ ninσ ninσ ninσ nine«á Usinτá MicroworlΣ ì
Basic¼á thσá microbeσá i≤ provideΣ witΦ thσ S─ commanΣ rathe≥á thaεá doublσ ì
precisioε -
100 INPUT"How many places will I calculate to [4 to 14] ?"; N
110 SD N
120 P1 = 1 : D1 = 3
130 A1 = P1 / D1
140 PRINT"multiplication gives 1= "D1*A1
╔ don'⌠ kno≈ wethe≥ thing≤ havσ changeΣ witΦ moderε models¼á bu⌠ iε thσ olΣ ì
day≤á alterinτ thσ content≤ oµ thσ bracket≤ iε linσ 10░ t∩ `┤ t∩á 62'¼á anΣ ì
rewritinτ linσ 11░ as
110 POKE 2240,N : REM sets the decimal range
Thi≤ i≤ finσ fo≥ simplσ decima∞ calculation¼ bu⌠ ha≤ disadvantage≤ iε speeΣ ì
oµá calculatioεá anΣá iε thσ amoun⌠ oµ memor∙ consumeΣ t∩á storσá variable≤ ì
(somσ ideß oµ thσ memor∙ useΣ caε bσ go⌠ b∙ insertinτ tw∩ line≤ -
115 DIM Z1(100)
15░ PRIN╘ "Freσ memor∙ isó FRE(0⌐
theε comparinτ value≤ fo≥ variou≤ decima∞ ranges)
Thσá "librar∙á functionsó provideΣ fo≥ calculatinτ thσ triτ function≤á (SI╬ ì
CO╙á ATAN)¼á thσ square-roo⌠ SQR¼á exponentiatioε ^¼á etc«á arσá no⌠á "higΦ ì
precisionóá witΦ eigh⌠ decima∞ places¼á anΣ arσ n∩ bette≥ thaε thei≥ eightΦ ì
placσ wheε calleΣ witΦ ß wide≥ decima∞ range.
If¼á iε ß fi⌠ oµ masochism¼á yo⌡ cas⌠ you≥ minΣ t∩ onσ oµ thσ fe≈ time≤ yo⌡ ì
applieΣá yourselµá t∩á doinτ ß "lonτ divisionó yo⌡ wil∞ remembe≥á tha⌠á thσ ì
procedurσá wa≤ long¼á no⌠ t∩ mentioε borinτ - jus⌠ thσ sor⌠á oµá repetativσ ì
operation≤ thσ compute≥ i≤ designeΣ t∩ relievσ u≤ of..« remembe≥ ..« say
_.176 record the results, digit by digit
1╖ ⌐ │ n.b« wholσ diviso≥ divideΣ int∩ nex⌠ digi⌠ group
1╖ subtrac⌠ (divisor*digit-from-divsn⌐ t∩ givσ remainder
130 multiply remainder by ten (add carry if any)
119 then repeat the whole procedure
110
102 and again
╕
╔ usuall∙ ge⌠ sicδ oµ i⌠ abou⌠ here¼ bu⌠ thσ machinσ wil∞ g∩
oε anΣ oε and....
èLONG division
100 REM division with multi digit result
11░ INPUT"ente≥ numerato≥ (N⌐ ¼ denominato≥ (D⌐ {witΦ ╬ ╝ ─}";N,D
120 N=N*10 multiply next digit by 10,
130 Q=N/D divide the result by the whole divisor,
140 PRINT Q; print the first numeral of this result,
150 R=N-Q*D then multiply it by the divisor and subtract to get
160 N=R the remainder which becomes the new numerator
170 GOTO 120 now do it all again ...
n.b« thσ │ fo≥ numerato≥ anΣ 1╖ fo≥ denominato≥ werσ deliberatel∙ pickeΣ iε ì
thσá hopσá you'l∞ checδ m∙ workinτ bu⌠ 1/9╖ look≤ nice╗á anΣ n∩ attemp⌠á i≤ ì
madσá iε thi≤ prograφ t∩ circumven⌠ BASI├ intege≥ rangσ limit≤ s∩ N*1░á anΣ ì
Q*─ limi⌠ numerato≥ anΣ denominato≥ t∩ les≤ thaε 327╢ iε wors⌠ case.
Thσá methoΣ useΣ i≤ thσ `pencil-and-paperº ╔ wa≤ taugh⌠ a⌠ schoo∞á [I'Σá bσ ì
alloweΣ t∩ sa∙ `algorithmº iµ aε enΣ wa≤ eve≥ reached]« T∩ reacΦ aε enΣ [o≥ ì
construc⌠á ßá nicσ algorithm]║á iµ thσ remainde≥ become≤ zer∩ thi≤ make≤á ß ì
`properº enΣ ¼á easil∙ testeΣ fo≥ - bu⌠ iµ thσ remainde≥ neve≥ become≤ zer∩ ì
(a≤á fo≥á 1/3⌐á wσá coulΣá assigε aε arbitrar∙á numbe≥á oµá figure≤á t∩á bσ ì
calculateΣ anΣ stop║á no⌠ ver∙ elegant¼ o≥ witΦ ß bi⌠ oµ observatioε oµ thσ ì
result≤á froφá runninτá thσ abovσ witΦá systematiπá entr∙á of¼á say¼á ▒á a≤ ì
numerato≥ anΣ progressivel∙ increasinτ denominato≥ - anΣ appropriatσ usσ oµ ì
thσá BREA╦ ke∙ (O╥ previou≤ knowledgσ oµ elementar∙ numbe≥ theor∙ ⌐ show≤ ß ì
patterε oµ behavior╗ i⌠ i≤ pattern≤ oµ behavio≥ tha⌠ allow≤ algorithm≤ s∩
100 DIM R(3000) array to find repeated sequence of digits
110 INPUT"enter numerator (N) , denominator (D) N < D";N,D
120 P=0 P will count total no. of digits generated
130 R(0)=N
140 PRINT " .";
150 N=N*10 seen this
160 Q=N/D lot
170 PRINT Q; before
180 P=P+1 and another digit is produced
190 R(P)=N-Q*D ? tricky this, keep remainder in an array
200 IF R(P)=0 THEN LET C=P : GOTO 260 finished if no remainder
210 FOR C=0 TO P-1 now to utilise the tricky bit
22░ I╞ R(C)=R(P⌐ THE╬ GOT╧ 26░ iµ wσ haΣ THI╙ remainde≥ beforσ
230 NEXT C we'd just be repeating ourselves
24░ N=R(P⌐ elsσ le⌠ thσ remainde≥ becomσ thσ numerator
250 GOTO 150 and go back and do it all again
26░á PRIN╘▄ ├ó non-repeatinτ digitsó ▄ P-├á ó repeatinτ digits"
Thi≤á agaiεá doe≤á nothinτá abou⌠ BASI├ intege≥ limit≤á fo≥á thσá inpu⌠á oµ ì
numerato≥ anΣ denominato≥ - bu⌠ insidσ thi≤ limi⌠ eveε jus⌠ thσ examinatioε ì
oµ 1/─ fo≥ D-▒ lonτ repeatinτ digit≤ etπ caε bσ fuε (╔ hope).
Fo≥á multiplicatioε oµ ß multi-digi⌠ numbe≥ b∙ ß singlσ digi⌠ thσá `pencil-ì
and-paperº algorithφ work≤ wel∞ fo≥ thσ machinσ - thσ firs⌠ approacΦ i≤á t∩ ì
definσá aεá arra∙ t∩ holΣ thσ digit≤ oµ thσ multidigi⌠ numbe≥ anΣ ßá seconΣ ì
arra∙ t∩ holΣ thσ answer.
Oε reflectioε i⌠ caε bσ seeε tha⌠ thσ usσ oµ arra∙ element≤ t∩ holΣá singlσ ì
digit≤á allow≤ inpu⌠ oµ numeral≤ limiteΣ onl∙ b∙ machinσ memory¼á s∩ t∩á bσ ì
greedy¼á witΦ thσ realisatioε tha⌠ iµ yo⌡ removσ ß digi⌠ fo≥ multiplicatioε ì
anΣ perforφ `carriesº iε temporar∙ variable≤ theε thσ `resultº digi⌠ caε g∩ ì
bacδ int∩ thσ samσ arra∙ element¼ s∩ onl∙ onσ arra∙ i≤ required¼ a≤ in
èsimple long multiplication
100 DATA 5 no. of digits to multiply
110 DATA 3,2,7,6,9 digits to be multiplied
120 DATA 4 multiplier
130 READ N get no. of digits to
140 DIM D(N+1) dimension array for result
150 FOR I=N TO 1 STEP -1 from start of data statement to end
160 READ D(I) read highest digit,next highest, ..
170 NEXT I till whole no. read in
180 READ M get multiplier
190 C=0 set carry to zero
200 FOR I=1 TO N from lowest to highest digit in turn
21░áP=D(I)*M+├ multipl∙ nex⌠ digi⌠ anΣ adΣá carry
220 C=P/10 find the value for the next carry
230 D(I)=P-C*10 subtract value of carry from product
240 NEXT I if more digits go back and do it again
250 D(N+1)=C don't forget the final carry
260 PRINT "the product is : "
27░á I╞á C>░ THE╬ LE╘ N=N+▒ iµ las⌠ carr∙ no⌠á zer∩ -
280 FOR I=N TO 1 STEP -1 print array last first,left to right
290 PRINT D(I);
300 NEXT I
Howeve≥ iµ wσ desirσ (anΣ ╔ trus⌠ wσ do¼ a⌠ leas⌠ occasionally⌐ t∩ multipl∙ ì
tw∩á multi-digi⌠ number≤ thσ carr∙ procedurσ iε thσ algorithφ mos⌠ commonl∙ ì
useΣ i.e«á t∩ multipl∙ thσ firs⌠ numbe≥ b∙ thσ lowes⌠ digi⌠ oµ thσá second¼ ì
holΣá thσá result¼á multipl∙á firs⌠ numbe≥ b∙ seconΣ lowes⌠á digi⌠á oµá thσ ì
second¼á storσá thσá result¼á multipl∙á «á .«á etc«á theε afte≥á thσá fina∞ ì
multiplicatioε adΣ al∞ thσ storeΣ result≤ ║á doe≤ looδ ß bi⌠á clumsy¼á wil∞ ì
neeΣ N*(M+1⌐ arra∙ location≤ t∩ holΣ thσ temporar∙ results.
Iµá wσ definσ tw∩ array≤ t∩ holΣ thσ number≤ t∩ bσ multiplied¼á anΣ ß thirΣ ì
oµá sizσá N+M+▒á sufficien⌠ t∩ holΣ thσ fina∞ result¼á kee≡á tracδá oµá thσ ì
positioεá oµá eacΦá carr∙ anΣ adΣ i⌠ immediatel∙ int∩á thσá `resul⌠á arrayº ì
(takinτá carσ t∩ observσ wethe≥ i⌠ iε turε generate≤ anothe≥á carry⌐á alonτ ì
witΦá eacΦá digi⌠ b∙ digi⌠ multiplicatioε resul⌠ t∩ itsº appropriatσá arra∙ ì
positioεá wσá havσ aε algorithφ sparinτ oµ memor∙ anΣ n∩á troublσá fo≥á thσ ì
machinσ (wσ hope).
to multiply two multi-digit numbers
100 DATA 5 no. of digits for multiplicand
110 DATA 3 no. of digits in multiplier
120 DATA 3,1,6,4,7 digits for multiplicand
130 DATA 4,2,3 and multiplier
14░ REA─ N,═ datß t∩ dimensioε arrays¼ A¿ fo≥ multi-
15░ DI═ A(N),B(M),D(N+M+1⌐ plicand,B¿ multiplie≥ anΣ D¿ result
160 FOR I=N TO 1 STEP -1 fill
170 READ A(I)
180 NEXT I arrays
190 FOR I=M TO 1 STEP -1 with
200 READ B(I) digits
210 NEXT I
220 FOR K=1 TO M for each digit of multiplier in turn
230 C=0 set carry to zero
240 FOR I=1 TO N for each digit of multiplicand in turn
250 P=A(I)*B(K) multiply the two digits
260 C=P/10 determine the carry
27░ P=P-C*1░ subtrac⌠ carr∙ valuσ froφ thσ productè28░ S=I+K-▒ ge⌠ pointe≥ t∩ appropriatσ arra∙ elmnt
290 D(S)=D(S)+P add value minus carry to array element
300 Z=D(S)/10 what is the carry for this addition
310 D(S)=D(S)-Z*10 subtract carry value
320 D(S+1)=D(S+1)+C+Z add the carries to next array element
33░ NEX╘ ╔ iµ no⌠ las⌠ digi⌠ iε multiplicanΣ g∩ back
34░ NEX╘ ╦ iµ no⌠ las⌠ digi⌠ iε multiplie≥ g∩ back
35░ N=S+▒ se⌠ arra∙ pnte≥ t∩ deletσ leadinτ zeroes
360 IF N>1 THEN IF D(N)=0 THEN LET N=N-1:GOTO 360
370 PRINT " The product is : "
380 FOR I=N TO 1 STEP -1 then print array
390 PRINT D(I);
400 NEXT I
Thσ majo≥ sillines≤ herσ i≤ thσ usσ oµ datß statement≤ t∩ fil∞ arrays¼á thσ ì
usσ oµ `strinτ entryº e.g:
10 CLS:CLEAR:STRS(1025)
20 INPUT" wot's yer first number ?";A1$
30 INPUT" o.k. an' yer second ?";B1$
40 N=LEN(A1$) : M=LEN(B1$)
50 DIM A(N),B(M),D(N+M+1)
60 FOR I=1 TO N:A(N-I+1)=INT(VAL(A1$(;I,I))):NEXT I
70 FOR I=1 TO M:B(M-I+1)=INT(VAL(B1$(;I,I))):NEXT I
Replacinτá line≤á 10░á t∩ 21░ inclusivσ abovσ woulΣ allo≈ u≡ t∩á 18┤á digi⌠ ì
entr∙ int∩ eacΦ string¼á bu⌠ thσ rea∞ constraint¼á memor∙ wil∞ no⌠ bσá thu≤ ì
exhausted¼á s∩ figurσ you≥ owε datß entr∙ t∩ figurσ bigge≥ porpoise≤ iµ yo⌡ ì
catcΦ any.
╔ rathe≥ likσ 1111111111▒ ¬ 1111111111▒ anΣ such-like.
N∩ attemp⌠ a⌠ optimizatioε fo≥ executioε speeΣ (o≥ fo≥ memor∙á utilisation⌐ ì
wa≤á attempteΣá here¼á anΣ i⌠ i≤ BASIC¼á ╔ diΣ d∩ ß 10░ digi⌠ b∙ 10░á digi⌠ ì
multiplicatioε anΣ i⌠ diΣ finish¼ bu⌠ ╔ can'⌠ remembe≥ ho≈ lonτ i⌠ took.
╔á gues≤á machinσ codσ woulΣ bσ botΦ faste≥ anΣ morσ memor∙á efficient«á Iε ì
FORTH¼á al∞ math≤ operation≤ arσ performeΣ iε binar∙ anΣ onl∙á input/outpu⌠ ì
change≤á basσ t∩ thσ selected/required¼á math≤ donσ usinτ ß 12╢ o≥ 12╖ basσ ì
woulΣá obviousl∙ bσ mucΦ morσ memor∙ efficient¼á anΣ ╔ gues≤ probabl∙á mucΦ ì
faster¼ bu⌠ I'vσ neve≥ though⌠ abou⌠ ho≈ yo⌡ d∩ it.
From║ Michae∞ Smidd∙ To║ AL╠ Re║ RANDO═ NUMBERS
╔ aφ writinτ ß Basiπ prograφ anΣ neeΣ ß randoφ numbe≥ betweeε 1░ anΣ 19«
ANSWER:
10░ ┘ ╜ INT(RND*10⌐ ½ 1░
Thσ numbe≥ 1░ caε bσ aε INTEGE╥ e.g« ┴ ╜ 1░ theε thσ linσ coulΣ read:-
10░ ┘ ╜ INT(RND*10⌐ ½ A
BU╘ NO╘ 10░ ┘ ╜ INT(RND*A⌐ ½ ┴ theε prin⌠ thσ valuσ oµ thσ randoφ Y
11░ PRIN╘ Y
Becausσá Basiπ start≤ countinτ a⌠ zer∩ (0)¼á normall∙ wσ adΣ ß ½ ▒á t∩á thσ ì
argumen⌠á INT(RND*10)+▒ t∩ givσ u≤ ß numbe≥ betweeε ▒ anΣ thσ scopσ oµá thσ ì
integer« Iε thσ abovσ example¼ ß randoφ numbe≥ betweeε ░ anΣ ╣ i≤ produceΣ ì
first:-
┘ ╜ INT(RND*10⌐ witΦ ┘ becominτ thσ randoφ value«á Wσ theε adΣ 1░ (o≥ A⌐ t∩ ì
thσ value«á Thi≤ cause≤ thσ valuσ oµ ┘ t∩ bσ ß minimuφ oµ ░ ½ 10(o≥ A⌐ ╜ 1░ ì
t∩ ß maximuφ oµ ╣ ½ 1░ ╜ 19« ╔ hopσ thi≤ fixe≤ thσ problem..è**********************************
SO YOU WANT TO BECOME A
Z80 ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE PROGRAMMER !
.po3
Thσ MITE╦ RELOCATABL┼ Z-8░ MACR╧ ASSEMBLER¼ LINKER¼ LIBRAR┘ MANAGER¼ ì
SYMBOLI├ DEBUGGE╥ Package¼ witΦ tw∩ manual≤ plu≤ bonu≤ suppor⌠ file≤ ì
i≤ availablσ NO╫ fo≥ MBU╟ member≤ a⌠ ß value-packeΣ pricσ !
.po0
YOU CAN BE THERE FOR $99 - WOW!
.po3
Orde≥á no≈á iεá YOU╥ Microbeσ disδ forma⌠á b∙á cheque¼á BankcarΣá o≥ ì
MastercarΣ (providσ signeΣ purchasσ request¼á carΣ numbe≥ anΣ expir∙ ì
date⌐ froφ GLYPHI├ SOFTWARE¼ P╧ Bo° 391¼ Pennan⌠ Hills¼ 2120.
.po0
THE MITEK ASSEMBLER
.po3
1⌐á Generate≤á Microsof⌠ .RE╠ file≤ o≥ Inte∞ compatiblσ .HE╪á files« ì
WRITE-HAND-MA╬ owner≤ caε modif∙ existing¼á o≥ writσ thei≥ OWN¼ pop-ì
u≡ option≤ witΦ thσ MITE╦ ASSEMBLER«á 2⌐ I≤ compatiblσ witΦá Digita∞ ì
ResearcΦá macro-assembler≤á MA├á anΣá RMAC«á S∩á yo⌡á caεá usσá AN┘ ì
Microsof⌠á compatiblσ linkinτ loade≥ o≥ thσ MITE╦ LINKE╥ - it'≤ par⌠ ì
oµá thσá packagσ anΣ include≤ ß Librar∙ Manage≥á prograφá fo≥á thosσ ì
hard-woεá routines«á 3⌐á Generate≤ Digita∞ ResearcΦ compatiblσá .SY═ ì
file≤á s∩ yo⌡ caε usσ ZSI─ o≥ thσ MITE╦ SYMBOLI├ DEBUGGE╥á whicΦá i≤ ì
par⌠á oµá thσ package«á 4⌐ Permit≤ conditiona∞ assembly«á 5⌐á Allow≤ ì
INCLUD┼ anΣ MACLI┬ file≤ t∩ inser⌠ ß MACR╧ library«á 6⌐ Thσá Packagσ ì
contain≤á ß cross-referencσ prograφ XRE╞ t∩ sho≈ ever∙ linσ wherσá ß ì
symbo∞á i≤á used«á 7⌐á Allow≤ separatσá DATA¼á PROGRAM¼á COMMO╬á anΣ ì
ABSOLUT┼á prograφá spaces«á 8⌐á Caε generatσá TURB╧á PASCA╠á in-linσ ì
machinσá codσá INCLUD┼á file≤ froφ familia≥á Z8░á assembl∙á languagσ ì
statements«á 9⌐ Phase/Dephasσ featurσ - fixeΣ a⌠ las⌠ - phe≈á íá 10⌐ ì
Ful∞á Z-8░ mnemonic≤ includinτ extra≤ fo≥ thσ HitachΘá HD64180«á 11⌐ ì
Include≤ ß 808░ t∩ Z-8░ codσ converte≥ prograφ ZCON.
.po0
THE MITEK SYMBOLIC DEBUGGER
.po3
1⌐á I≤á screeεá orienteΣá witΦá displa∙á oµá instructioεá mnemonics¼ ì
register¼á stacδ anΣ memor∙ values«á 2⌐ Allow≤ breakpoint≤ t∩ bσ se⌠ ì
oεá an∙ combinatioε oµ fixeΣ memor∙ address¼á registe≥ value≤ and/o≥ ì
memor∙á values«á 3⌐á Use≤á Digita∞ ResearcΦá compatiblσá .SY═á file≤ ì
(produceΣ b∙ thσ MITE╦ ASSEMBLER⌐ 4⌐ Support≤ thσ HitachΘ HD64180.
.po0
*********************************
.po0
MARKER.EDT UPDATE
╔á havσá recentl∙á purchaseΣ ß Premiuφ Beσ anΣ oεá runninτá m∙á MARKE╥ ì
program¼á thσá onσá publisheΣ iε Thσ Catche≥ iε Junσ thi≤ year;á ╔ founΣá ß ì
problem«á AlthougΦ thσ articlσ wa≤ publisheΣ a≤ ß disδ version¼ i⌠ wil∞ ruε ì
oεá RO═á anΣ CIA┬ Bee≤ bu⌠ i⌠ doe≤ no⌠ ruε oε m∙ ne≈ machine«á ╔á kne≈á thσ ì
prograφ workeΣ wel∞ oε botΦ m∙ RO═ anΣ CIA┬ machines¼á ╔ presumeΣ i⌠á woulΣ ì
worδ oε thσ Premium« N∩ sucΦ luck« ╔ discovereΣ tw∩ things:-
1. Wordbee files in a Premium begin at 2401h, and not at 2500h; and;
2«á Tha⌠á thσá addres≤ oµ thσ to≡ oµ thσ Wordbeσ filσ wa≤ t∩ bσ founΣá iε ì
211Dh and not at 221Dh.
Thereforσá thσ followinτ modification≤ neeΣ t∩ bσ madσ fo≥ thσá prograφá t∩ ì
work on the 128k Premium Bee.
CHANGE START LD HL,2500H to START LD HL,2401H
and LD DE,(221DH) to LD DE,(211DH)
Hope I haven't caused too many headaches. A. SOLOMON.è **********************************************************************
MBU╟áAUSTRALI┴áINCORPORATE─ ì
NOTICE OF ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING
Thσá2nΣáAnnua∞áMeetinτáoµ MBU╟áAUSTRALI┴ INCORPORATED
will be held on Wednesday 12th Aug. 1987 at 7.30pm at
Mount Waverley Community Centre
Miller Crescent, Mount Waverley
(Melway Map Ref 70E1)
AGENDA
1. Minutes of previous AGM.
2. President's Report.
3. Consideration of Financial statement persuant to
section 30 of the Associations Incorporation Act 1981.
4. Election of Office Bearers.
5. Consideration of any business which in accordance
with the rules may be brought before the meeting.
**********************************************************************
**********************************************************************
MBU╟áAUSTRALI┴áINCORPORATE─ ì
NOMINATION FORM
We, the undersigned, being financial members of MBUG AUSTRALIA INC,
hereby nominate __________________________________________
for the position of _______________________________________ (*)
Name of Proposer ________________________ Signature__________________
Name of Seconder ________________________ Signature__________________
I¼á ___________________________________________¼á thσ persoε nominateΣ ì
hereiεá agreσ t∩ accep⌠ thi≤ nominatioε and¼á iµ electeΣ wil∞ abidσ b∙ ì
thσ rule≤ oµ thσ Association.
Signature__________________
(*⌐ Nomination≤ arσ calleΣ fo≥ President¼á Vicσ President¼ Secretary¼ ì
Treasurer and nine (9) committee.
**********************************************************************
Nomination≤á shoulΣá bσ posteΣ t∩ "Thσ Secretaryó MBU╟á AUSTRALI┴á IN├ ì
P.O«á BO╪ 15╖ NUNAWADING«á Vic« 313▒ n∩ late≥ thaε 5tΦ Augus⌠ 1987¼ o≥ ì
delivered to the Secretary before that date.
è ╒ - ┴ Ne≈ Utilit∙ - B∙ RoΓ Smith« MBU╟ 1261« Competitioε entry.
Thi≤ Utilit∙ i≤ presenteΣ herσ fo≥ tw∩ reasons.
A║á ╔á fel⌠ thσ neeΣ fo≥ ß simplσ utilit∙ whicΦ woulΣ sho≈ a⌠ ßá glancσ ì
wha⌠ Use≥ areas¼ oε ß giveε disc¼ containeΣ files« Havinτ writteε sucΦ ß ì
utilit∙ ╔ though⌠ other≤ migh⌠ likσ t∩ havσ i⌠ too!
B║á A≤ ╔ havσ writteε thσ prograφ iε Turb∩ Pasca∞ ╔ though⌠ thosσ oµ yo⌡ ì
ou⌠á therσá wh∩ migh⌠ bσ contemplatinτ usinτ thi≤á excellen⌠á language¼á o≥ ì
anybod∙ elsσ fo≥ tha⌠ matter¼ migh⌠ likσ t∩ seσ wha⌠ ß simplσ Turb∩ Pasca∞ ì
prograφ look≤ like.
A≤á someonσá oncσ said¼á 'therσ arσ man∙ way≤ t∩ skiε ß cat'¼á anΣ wheεá i⌠ ì
come≤á t∩ programinτ thi≤ i≤ certainl∙ true«á Thσ followinτ examplσ i≤á bu⌠ ì
onσá oµ man∙ way≤ oµ puttinτ togethe≥ ß prograφ t∩ carr∙ ou⌠á thσá requireΣ ì
task«á Onσá oµá thσá stronτ point≤ oµ Turb∩ Pasca∞ i≤ thσá abilit∙á t∩á usσ ì
descriptivσ name≤ fo≥ Variables¼á Constants¼ Procedure≤ etc.¼ whicΦ iµ useΣ ì
thoughtfull∙á caε obviatσ thσ neeΣ fo≥ comment≤ iε mos⌠ cases¼á althougΦ iε ì
thi≤á examplσá ╔ havσ commenteΣ thσ majo≥ point≤ fo≥ thσ benefi⌠á oµá thosσ ì
peoplσá no⌠ familia≥ witΦ thσ language«á √ Comment≤ arσ encloseΣá b∙á curl∙ ì
bracket≤á }«á T∩ ß Pasca∞ programme≥ thesσ comment≤ woulΣ bσ redundant¼á a≤ ì
thσá 'storyºá i≤ tolΣ b∙ thσ prograφ statement≤ themselves«á I'vσá madσá n∩ ì
attemp⌠á t∩á explaiε thσ structurσ oµ ß Pasca∞ prograφ o≥á t∩á explaiεá it≤ ì
formalitie≤á a≤á tha⌠ goe≤ beyonΣ thσ intentioε anΣ scopσ oµ thi≤á article« ì
Perhaps¼á iµá enougΦá interes⌠á i≤ shown¼á furthe≥á article≤á coverinτá thσ ì
languagσ iε morσ detail¼ coulΣ bσ arranged.
Thσ Utility¼á whicΦ ╔ havσ calleΣ 'U'¼ check≤ fo≥ thσ existencσ oµ file≤ iε ì
al∞á User≤á oε thσ loggeΣ disc«á I⌠ theε displays¼á iε ßá linσá acros≤á thσ ì
screen¼á al∞ 1╢ User≤ highlightinτ onl∙ thosσ tha⌠ contaiε files«á Thu≤ yo⌡ ì
caεá quickl∙á determinσ iµ yo⌡ havσ an∙ file≤ 'hiddeε awayº oε an∙ oµá you≥ ì
disc≤ withou⌠ havinτ t∩ 'look-upº eacΦ User« N∩ matte≥ wha⌠ Use≥ yo⌡ werσ ì
iε t∩ begiε with¼ yo⌡ wil∞ bσ returneΣ therσ wheε thσ utilit∙ terminates.
Iµá yo⌡á d∩á no⌠ havσ acces≤ t∩ Turb∩ Pasca∞ anΣ woulΣá likσá t∩á havσá thσ ì
utility¼á pleasσá brinτ alonτ ß formatteΣ disπ t∩ thσ CluΓ anΣ ß cop∙ shal∞ ì
bσ your≤ fo≥ thσ asking.
Program U; { Show USER status }
{*************************************}
{*************************************
** Program : U May 1987 **
** **
** A Utility to Indicate which **
** User areas on the currently **
** logged disc are occupied. **
** **
** Author : Robert A Smith. **
** Briar Hill. Melb. **
** Victoria 3088. **
** **
** Version : 1.1 **
** Date : 25-5-87 **
*************************************}
Type {Image of System File Control Block}
FCBlock = Array[0..15] of Byte;
Constè SetDMA = 26; {BDOS Function Call}
SetUser = 32; {BDOS Function Call}
GetUser = 32; {BDOS Function Call}
SearchFirst = 17; {BDOS Function Call}
HiLightOn = #27#41; {Sequence to start inverse chars}
HiLightOff = #27#40; {Sequence to stop inverse chars}
SearchMask : FCBlock {Wild-Card mask }
= (0,63,63,63,63,63,63,63,63,63,63,63,0,0,0,0);
Var
Occupied : Array[0..15] of Boolean; {'Occupied User' flag register}
DMAbuffer : Array[1..128] of Byte; {Buffer used for disc search}
FCBbuffer : FCBlock; {FCB used for Wild-Card search}
Count, {General counter}
User, {User search pointer}
CurrentUser : Integer; {Current User number storage}
Procedure InitialiseDMA;
{**********************}
Begin
{Call System to set temporary read buffer}
Bdos(SetDMA,Addr(DMAbuffer));
End;
Procedure InitialiseFCB;
{**********************}
Begin
{Put search mask into search File Control Block}
Move(SearchMask,FCBbuffer,Sizeof(FCBlock));
End;
Procedure GetCurrentUser;
{***********************}
Begin
{Call System to obtain current User number}
CurrentUser:=Bdos(GetUser,255);
End;
Procedure SearchForOccupiedUsers;
{*******************************}
Begin
Gotoxy(9,4); Write ('Now checking User ');
Delay(1000); {Cosmetic delay}
{Set-up loop to search all User numbers}
For User:=0 to 15 do
Begin
{Initialise, or reset, flag for a User}
Occupied[User]:=False;
{Call System to change to this User}
Bdos(SetUser,User);
{Advise what User is being searched}
Gotoxy(27,4); Write (User:2);
{Call System to search this User for any file}
If Bdos(SearchFirst,Addr(FCBbuffer)) < 255
{If a file is found, set flag for this User}
Then Occupied[User]:=True;
End;
End;
Procedure DisplayHeading;
{***********************}
Beginè {Output a line of dashes}
Gotoxy( 8,2); For Count:=1 to 65 do Write ('-');
{Display heading}
Gotoxy(20,2); Writeln (' Users containing files on current disc ');
Writeln;
End;
Procedure DisplayResults;
{***********************}
Begin
Gotoxy(8,4);
{Set-up loop to display status of all Users}
For User:=0 to 15 do
Begin
If Occupied[User]
{Show User number in inverse}
Then Write (' ',HiLightOn,User:2,' ',HiLightOff)
{Show User number in normal}
Else Write (' ', User:2,' ' );
End;
Writeln;
End;
Procedure RestoreCurrentUser;
{***************************}
Begin
{Restore original User number}
Bdos(SetUser,CurrentUser);
End;
Procedure DisplayCurrentUser;
{***************************}
Begin
{Output a line of dashes}
Gotoxy( 8,6); For Count:=1 to 65 do Write ('-');
{Display original User number}
Gotoxy(30,6); Writeln (' Current User is ',CurrentUser:2,' ');
End;
BEGIN{Actual program starts here}
{Clear the screen}
Clrscr;
{Set-up an area in memory for incoming disc data}
InitialiseDMA;
{Set-up an area in memory for disc search information}
InitialiseFCB;
{Display on screen what the program is about}
DisplayHeading;
{Obtain current User number for later restoration}
GetCurrentUser;
{Check-out each User for files & display progress}
SearchForOccupiedUsers;
{Display each User, hilighting those found containing files}
DisplayResults;
{Re-establish original User number}
RestoreCurrentUser;
{Display original User number for Operators benefit}
DisplayCurrentUser;
END.è CURSOR.MWB By Seth van Buren
Thi≤á simplσ utilit∙ prograφ i≤ designeΣ t∩ hel≡ programmer≤ choosσá curso≥ ì
shape≤á anΣ flashinτ speeds«á Thi≤ prograφ i≤ designeΣ t∩ hel≡ ßá beginne≥ ì
programme≥ iε his/he≥ firs⌠ programs.
This is a COMPETITION ENTRY, PLEASE VOTE FOR IT! (SvB)
00090 FOR I = 64528 TO 64783: READ A:POKE I,A: NEXT I √▓░╖²
00100 CLS √▒▒┤²
00104 CURS 24:PRINT "Cursor Selector" \ TAB(15)
"by Seth van Buren. MBUG member 1071" √░╡▒²
00110 PRINT TAB(10)"Type in the number of the desired cursor shape."\ √░▓╕²
00120 FOR I = 1 TO 8: PRINT [I2 I]". "CHR(192+I) TAB 23 [I3 I+8]". "
CHR(200+I):NEXT I √▓│▓²
00130 CURS 291:PRINT "N.B. To get no cursor at" √▓░╡²
00140 CURS 355:PRINT "all type:" \ √░╕░²
00150 CURS 428:PRINT "POKE 220,20" √▓│▒²
00200 CURS 852:INPUT "Your Selection ==>"A √▒░╣²
00300 IF A < 1 OR A > 16 THEN PLAY 2,2:CURS 850:PRINT SPC 10:
GOTO 200 √░▒│²
00310 POKE 220,A + 95: POKE 257,2:
PRINT"You have chosen "A". Is this correct? (Y/N)"; √▒▓╖²
00320 B1$ = KEY:IF B1$ = "" THEN 320 √░▓╢²
00330 IF B1$ <> "Y" THEN 100 √▒│▒²
00340 CLS:PRINT \ "Cursor chosen: "CHR(A+192)\ √░╕╣²
00350 PRINT "Would you like this cursor,"\TAB(27)"A. Not flashing," \
TAB 27"B. Flashing slowly, or"\TAB27"C. Flashing quickly?" √░│╣²
00360 C1$ = KEY:IF C1$ = "B" THEN LET A = A + 95:GOTO 400 √░╢┤²
00370 IF C1$ = "C" THEN LET A = A + 63:GOTO 400 √▓│▒²
00380 IF C1$ = "A" THEN LET A = A - 1:GOTO 400 √▓│┤²
00390 GOTO 360 √▒▒│²
00400 POKE 220,A √▓▓▓²
00410 SPEED 100:PRINT" The cursor displayed now is the one that you
have chosen. To get this in Micro World BASIC, type:"\
TAB(27) "POKE 220,"A: SPEED 0 √▒╣│²
00460 PRINT "Do You wish to run this program again? (Y/N)"; √▓┤┤²
00470 D1$ = KEY:IF D1$="" THEN 470 √░│┤²
00475 IF D1$ = "Y" THEN 100 √░┤╣²
00480 POKE 257,0:POKE 220,111 : CLS √▒▒╖²
00490 END √▒▒▒²
20010 DATA 255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,
255,255,255 √▓╡▒²
20020 DATA 0,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255 √▒╣▒²
20030 DATA 0,0,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255 √░▓│²
20040 DATA 0,0,0,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255 √▓┤│²
20050 DATA 0,0,0,0,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255 √░╡╣²
20060 DATA 0,0,0,0,0,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255 √▓╡╡²
20070 DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255 √░▓│²
20080 DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255 √▓┤│²
20090 DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255 √▓╡▒²
20100 DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,255,255,255,255,255,255,255 √▒╕╢²
20110 DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,255,255,255,255,255,255 √▓▒░²
20120 DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,255,255,255,255,255 √▒╢╢²
20130 DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,255,255,255,255 √▒╖┤²
20140 DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,255,255,255 √▒▓▓²
20150 DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,255,255 √░╕▓²
20160 DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,255 √░│╕²
è ENGINEERING NOTES AND CHANGES
ENC 12-301086 DATE: 30 October 1986 JKS-91 KEYSWITCH "WOBBLE" FIX
A≤á aε emergenc∙ measurσ MOST¼á BU╘ NO╘ ALL¼á switche≤ caε bσ repaireΣ witΦ ì
human hands as the only tools. The fix is as follows (WOBBLE FIX):-
1. Remove the keytop from the offending key.
2«á Gras≡ thσ to≡ oµ thσ whitσ nyloε actuato≥ anΣ pusΦ thσ actuato≥ unti∞ ì
it bottoms.
3«á Wobblσá thσ actuator witΦ ß circula≥ motioε severa∞ time≤á clockwise¼ ì
then several times anti-clockwise, whilst holding it firmly bottomed.
4«á Releasσá thσ actuator¼á turε thσ Microbeσ upsidσ dowε anΣ repea⌠á thσ ì
proceedure.
5. Replace the keytop.
6. The keyswitch should be replaced as soon as possible for reliable fix.
ooOOoo
ENC 10-121086 DATE:12 October 86. ADDITIONAL CAPACITORS TO THE CLOCK CIRCUIT
PROBLEM║á Systeφ clocδ circui⌠ no⌠ oscillatinτ o≥ runninτ a⌠ thσ incorrec⌠ ì
frequency« Thi≤ applie≤ t∩ thσ 13.5mH· anΣ 4.00mH· circuits.
SOLUTION║á AdΣá tw∩á capacitor≤ `caº anΣ `cbº a≤ closσ a≤ possiblσ t∩á thσ ì
crysta∞ legs¼ goinτ t∩ grounΣ a⌠ thσ neares⌠ symmetriπ point.
-------------------------|[]|-------------------------
| CRYSTAL |
| |
18-22pf ____`ca' `cb' ____ 18-22pf
ceramic ____ ____ ceramic
| |
| |
---gnd ---gnd
NOTE║á Al∞á factor∙ machine≤ produceΣ sincσ 12tΦ Augus⌠ 198╢ havσ haΣ thesσ ì
capacitor≤ added« Oε Premiuφ basσ board≤ the∙ arσ founΣ oε thσ solde≥ side.
ooOOoo
ENC 1-070487 DATE: 4th April 1987 RS232 SELF TEST FAILURES
PROBLEM║á Wheε usinτ ß SEL╞ TES╘ anΣ bridginτ plug¼ t∩ tes⌠ thσ RS23▓ por⌠ ì
yo⌡ ge⌠ ß cross« Changinτ thσ PI╧ sometime≤ fixe≤ thσ problem.
REASON║ Iε mos⌠ case≤ therσ i≤ nothinτ wronτ witΦ thσ PI╧ anΣ yo⌡ havσ jus⌠ ì
throwεá awa∙ ß gooΣ PIO«á Thσ probleφ i≤ no⌠ thσ RX─ anΣ TX─ line≤ bu⌠á thσ ì
CT╙ anΣ CL╦ lines« Shortinτ pin≤ ╡ t∩ 2┤ oε thσ DB2╡ put≤ tw∩ 1K╡ resistor≤ ì
iεá serie≤ givinτ ß tota∞ oµ 3K«á Wheε Bi⌠ ▓ piε 2╣ oµ thσ PI╧ i≤á switcheΣ ì
low¼á i⌠ canno⌠ pul∞ Bi⌠ │ piε 3░ lo≈ enougΦ througΦ thi≤ resistance«á Als∩ ì
thσ 10╦ pullu≡ oε piε 3░ beinτ to∩ lo≈ ß valuσ doe≤ no⌠ help.
SOLUTION║ Disconnec⌠ thσ pullu≡ resisto≥ 10╦ connecteΣ t∩ piε 3░ (R░ oε thσ ì
ALF┴ anΣ R1▒ oε thσ Premium)«á Ruε thσ selµ tes⌠ again«á Iµ yo⌡ ge⌠ ßá ticδ ì
theε thσ PI╧ i≤ OK« Replacσ thi≤ 10╦ resisto≥ witΦ aε 18K¼ thi≤ pullu≡ mus⌠ ì
bσ replaceΣ no⌠ lef⌠ disconnected«
NOTE║á Al∞á Premium≤á produceΣá sincσ 23tΦ MarcΦ 198╖ havσ R1▒ a≤á aεá 18╦ ì
resistor« Al∞ Microbeσ 256TC'≤ havσ R1╡ a≤ 18K.èENC 11-150986 DATE: 15th September 1986 GRAPHICS PRINT CRASH FIX
PROBLEM: The Microbee Crashing when an attempt is made to print graphics.
REASON║á Therσ i≤ ß critica∞ timinτ relationshi≡ betweeε thσ M▒ (a≤ inpu⌠ ì
t∩á IC7▒ piε 6⌐ signa∞ anΣ thσ gateΣ IOR╤ (a≤ inpu⌠ t∩ IC7▒ piεá 5)«á Thesσ ì
signal≤á arσá positivσá going¼áá durinτá thσá norma∞á machinσáá cycle¼áá a⌠ ì
approximatel∙ thσ samσ time« Iµ M▒ rise≤ marginall∙ beforσ IORQ¼ ß spuriou≤ ì
decodinτá oµá aεá unwanteΣ IOR╤ signa∞ occurs¼á ultimatel∙ resultinτá iεá ß ì
crash.
SOLUTION:
Resistor | IC71 HC138
1K |
M1--------->----------/\/\/\--+---------+ pin 6
| |
Capacitor | |
ceramic ----- |
220pf ----- |
| |
| |
---gnd |
1. With fine scalpel, cut track on component side just next to the plated
through hole closest to pin 8 of IC71.
2. Turn board over so the wiring side is upwards and push one leg of the
1╦á resisto≥á througΦ thσ plateΣ througΦ holσ whicΦ ha≤ jus⌠á haΣá thσ ì
tracδá cu⌠á oε thσ othe≥ side«á Solde≥ resisto≥ leτ int∩á thi≤á plateΣ ì
through hole, and the other end to pin 6 of IC71.
3. Solder a 22PF capacitor between pins 6 and 8 of IC71.
NOTE║ Al∞ factor∙ machine≤ produceΣ sincσ 15tΦ Septembe≥ 198╢ havσ haΣ thi≤ ì
modificatioε done.
ooOOoo
ENC 2-090487 DATE: 9th April 1987 DRAM TIMING MODIFICATIONS
PROBLEM║á Un-explaineΣ prograφ crashe≤ o≥ memor∙ problem≤ witΦ thσ Microbeσ ì
128k.
REASON║á Timinτá problem≤ havσ recentl∙ beeε discovereΣ iε thσ areß oµá thσ ì
dynamiπ memor∙ oε thσ 128δ coreboard« Thσ probleφ i≤ exacerbateΣ b∙ thσ usσ ì
oµá H├á logic«á T∩á allo≈ H├ technolog∙ t∩ bσá useΣá morσá confidentl∙á thσ ì
followinτ modification≤ havσ t∩ bσ done.
SOLUTION║á (a⌐á RO╫á ADDRES╙á HOL─ TIME«á AdΣ ß 180pµá capacito≥á (418.118⌐ ì
betweeε piε 1▒ anΣ piε ╖ IC33.
(b⌐ RA╙ T╧ CA╙ DELAY« AdΣ ß 560pµ capacito≥ (410.156⌐ betweeε piε ╢ anΣ piε ì
╖ IC28.
(c⌐ DAT┴ BU╙ TERMINATOR« AdΣ tw∩ 4K╖ resisto≥ SIP≤ (310.472⌐ iε paralle∞ o≥ ì
ß singlσ 2K▓ resisto≥ SI╨ iε locatioε RN▒ nea≥ X1.
NOTE║á Thesσ change≤ havσ beeε implementeΣ t∩ al∞ productioε 8342-4-0▒ Corσ ì
board≤ a≤ froφ 6tΦ Apri∞ 1987.
èENC 4-250587 DATE: 25th May 1987
Thi≤á EN├ summarise≤ al∞ thσ factor∙ modifications¼á beinτ donσ froφá issuσ ì
ENC'≤á plu≤ fou≥ othe≥ necessar∙ modifications«á Al∞ factor∙ produceΣ unit≤ ì
froφ UNI╘ No«á 7660░ havσ beeε done« Checδ thσ individua∞ ENC'≤ fo≥ furthe≥ ì
details.
1. ENC 6-120686 Speaker circuit changes.
2. ENC 10-121086 Capicators added to the clock circuits.
3. ENC 11-150986 Graphics print crash fix.ì
4. ENC 1-070487 RS232 Self Test failures.
5. ENC 2-090487 DRAM timing modifications.ì
6. ENC 3-140487 Using 2732 Character ROM's. Only required when a 2732
replaces 4732 or 2532 character ROM.
7. KEYBOARD: IC3 must be a 74HC151 and RN1 must be 33K.
8. GROUND WIRE: On the solder side of MB 8501-4 board connecting X7
pin≤ │ anΣ ┤ t∩ pin≤ │ anΣ 4« ┴ harΣ disδ systeφ wil∞ ì
not work with this board, without this wire.
9. EARTH STRAP: Connecting the 0 volts on the left hand ends of the
the main board and the Core boards together. This
applies to both DRAM and CMOS core boards.
10 PREMIUM LINK: This is on CMOS coreboards ONLY, a wire link is used
to connect X4 pin 11 to IC5 pin 26. ROM A is a 16k
27128 EPROM.
ooOOoo
FOR SALE $$ FOR SALE $$ FOR SALE $$
256δá Microbeσá CIA┬á (Viate∞ optioε fitted⌐ witΦ ▓ ° 400δá (3.5óá drives)¼ ì
amber monitor. $750.00. Original software with manuals:
. WordStar Professional Pack. $100.
. Multiplan $100.
. BeeArtistic $15.
. Write-hand-man $25.
. Graphics Wordbee $15
. Goodison Software $15. * (includes Home Budget,
Spelling pack, Large figure addition/ subtraction)
. Many 3.5" disks with Public Domain s'ware at $3.00 ea.
. 2 Captain Grant joysticks $5.00 ea.
. Back issues of Online and Catcher free to lucky purchaser!!!!
Contact Paul Heneberry on: B/H 606 8518 or A/H 726 8367
FOR SALE $$ FOR SALE $$ FOR SALE $$
From║ PETE╥ BROUGHTO╬ To║ AL╠ Re║ ß CAS┼ oµ eyσ strain
┴ friendl∙ messagσ froφ onσ wh∩ like≤ t∩ reaΣ (anΣ answer⌐ everybod∙ else'≤ ì
messages« Pleasσ usσ lowe≥ caseí Thσ MicroBeσ i≤ onσ oµ thosσ marvelou≤ ne≈ ì
computer≤ witΦ thσ ful∞ ASCI╔ characte≥ set¼ s∩ yo⌡ shouldn'⌠ bσ limiteΣ t∩ ì
UPPE╥ CASE«á Besides¼á yo⌡ wil∞ bσ amazeΣ ho≈ mucΦ easie≥ i⌠ i≤ to∩ reaΣá ß ì
screeε ful∞ oµ lowe≥ casσ letter≤ thaε ┴ SCREE╬ FUL╠ O╞ UPPE╥ CAS┼ LETTERS« ì
S∩á pleasσ d∩ u≤ al∞ ß servicσ anΣ pres≤ tha⌠ littlσ blacδ ke∙ oε thσá lef⌠ ì
hanΣá sidσá oµ thσ keyboarΣ (yo⌡ know¼á thσ onσ labeleΣá `LOCK')«á ì
è FRO═ TH┼ EDITO╥ FRO═ TH┼ EDITO╥ FRO═ TH┼ EDITO╥
Froφ thσ answer≤ giveε oε thσ fe≈ surve∙ card≤ s∩ fa≥ reviewed¼ mos⌠ peoplσ ì
appreciatσá thσá followinτá question≤ » help≤ iε Thσ Catcher«á No≈á ╔á havσ ì
printeΣá somσ morσ oµ them¼á i⌠ woulΣ bσ nicσ t∩ seσ thσ ANSWERS«á Iµá you≥ ì
probleφá ha≤ beeε solveΣ b∙ somσ helpfu∞ member¼á ho≈ abou⌠ yo⌡ le⌠ u≤á al∞ ì
know«á Afte≥ all¼á i⌠ i≤ no⌠ ß persona∞ anΣ privatσ hel≡ column¼ wherσ oncσ ì
yo⌡ ge⌠ thσ answe≥ yo⌡ kee≡ i⌠ secret¼á bu⌠ ß member≤ forum«á Pleasσá don'⌠ ì
forge⌠ you≥ fello≈ member≤ wh∩ arσ no⌠ ablσ t∩ contac⌠ u≤ witΦ ease«á SenΣ ì
thσá answe≥á yo⌡ ge⌠ t∩ mσ (o≥ writσ aε articlσ anΣ bσ paiΣ fo≥ it⌐ anΣá wσ ì
wil∞ prin⌠ i⌠ s∩ al∞ ma∙ gaiε froφ you≥ experience« ED.
From║ GRE╟ EV┴ To║ EDWAR─ GLAZEBROO╦ Re║ OB╩ FILES
OB╩á FILE╙ AR┼ "COMó FILE╙ RENAME─ S╧ THE┘ CANNO╘ B┼ RU╬ O╬ TH┼á BB«á AL╠ ì
YO╒ HAV┼ T╧ D╧ I╙ T╧ RE-NAM┼ THE═ T╧ "COMó FILES«
From║ ERI├ ANDERSO╬ To║ AL╠ Re║ EXPERIMENTE╥ BOARD
╔á HAV┼ ┴ PREMIU═ AN─ A╬ EXPERIMENTER'╙ BOARD«á ╔ WOUL─ LIK┼ T╧ KNO╫ HO╫ T╧ ì
CONTRO╠ TH┼ Z8░ PI╧ USIN╟ M/L« TH┼ MANUA╠ I╙ ONL┘ FO╥ ┴ STANDAR─ BEE«
From║ DARRI╬ SMAR╘ To║ SYSO╨ Re║ IMCC
Hiíá Yo⌡á havσá ßá grea⌠ boarΣ dowε here«á ╔ aφ ringinτ oεá behalµá oµá thσ ì
Illawarrß Microbeσ Compute≥ CluΓ (╔ aφ thσ librarian)«á ╔ woulΣ likσ t∩ asδ ì
yo⌡ iµ ou≥ club≤ coulΣ arrangσ t∩ havσ thσ softwarσ froφ thi≤ BB╙ copieΣ t∩ ì
disδá fo≥ thσ benefi⌠ oµ ou≥ members«á ╔ thinδ ou≥ cluΓ havσá ßá membershi≡ ì
witΦá MBUG«á ╔ wil∞ tr∙ t∩ ge⌠ somσ softwarσ togethe≥ iε returε (iµ yo⌡ arσ ì
agreeablσ ╔ wil∞ senΣ yo⌡ ß cataloτ filσ oµ ou≥ librar∙ disks)«á Notσá tha⌠ ì
mos⌠ oµ i⌠ i≤ NO╘ froφ ou≥ member≤ - somσ arσ froφ SMUG¼á somσ arσ froφ thσ ì
SIG/M¼ CUG¼ CPM/UG¼ TESSERACT¼ ST┴ anΣ ┌ STUF╞ libraries¼ anΣ somσ arσ jus⌠ ì
genera∞á program≤ froφ BBS'≤ etc«á Pleasσ leavσ ß messagσ oε thi≤ boarΣá o≥ ì
thσ SMU╟ board« Thanks¼ Darriε Smar⌠ (IMC├ librarian⌐
From║ DANIE╠ PRAGE╥ To║ AL╠ Re║ modula-2
╔ jus⌠ though⌠ I'Σ leavσ ß messagσ abou⌠ thi≤ terrifiπ language«á I⌠ offer≤ ì
man∙á oµ thσ advantage≤ oµ ├ (low-leve∞á programming¼á separate-compilatioε ì
etc.⌐á witΦá thσ stric⌠ type-checkinτ oµ PASCAL«á ╔ usσ thσá FT╠á compile≥ ì
(revieweΣá iε Online⌐ anΣ havσ founΣ i⌠ reliablσ anΣ witΦ fe≈ deficiencies« ì
Anyonσ interesteΣ iε morσ detail≤ o≥ discussioε - jus⌠ leavσ mσ ß message.
From║ ANGEL╧ VIRGON┴ To║ AL╠ Re║ MICROBE┼ FO╥ SALE
CIA┬ DUA╠ DIS╦ SYSTE═ WIT╚ MONITO╥ FO╥ SALE« WIT╚ TH┼ SYSTE═ ╔ WAN╘ T╧ SEL╠ ì
┴ SPEEC╚ SYNTHESIZER¼ A╬ EPRO═ PROGRAMME╥ AN─ READER¼ 1200/75,30░ bΣ MODEM¼ ì
PLENT┘ O╞ S'WARE« CONTAC╘ M┼ ON║ 579-279▓ » 531-169│
From║ KE╬ KOSCHE╠ To║ AL╠ Re║ me° oε 256tc
┴ numbe≥ oµ program≤ n∩ longe≥ ruε oε thσ 256tc« Caε anyonσ hel≡ modif∙ ME╪ ì
anΣ o≥ BKERMI╘ t∩ ruε oε thσ 256tc┐ An∙ hel≡ woulΣ bσ appreciated«
From║ KEVI╬ WOLRAT╚ To║ AL╠ Re║ MONITOR
I╬ ┴ PC8╡ MONITOR¼ YO╒ COUL─ SE┼ TH┼ HE╪ NUMBER╙ AN─ WHA╘ THE┘ MEAN« EG« 5╢ ì
HE╪á ╜á ╓á AN─ YO╒ GO╘ A╬ ASCI╔ DISPLAY«á EG.(CHES╙ D╧ YO╒á WAN╘á BLAC╦á O╥ ì
WHITE)«á NOW¼á WIT╚ TH┼ DIS╦ MONITOR¼á YO╒ CA╬ ONL┘ Seσ TH┼ HE╪ NUMBER╙ AN─ ì
NO╘ TH┼ WRITING« WHER┼ CA╬ ╔ GE╘ ┴ PROGRA═ WHER┼ YO╒ CA╬ SE┼ TH┼ WRITING.
From║ DARRY╠ W.R« SMIT╚ To║ AL╠ Re║ MEX.DO├
Doe≤ anyonσ havσ ß cop∙ oµ MEX.DOC«á Thσ cop∙ iε COMMS║á i≤ corrupteΣ abou⌠ ì
linσ 26░ wherσ i⌠ start≤ t∩ describσ thσ secondar∙ command≤ (poin⌠ ú 6⌐
è SHOOT.MWB
Thσá program≤á oεá thi≤ anΣ thσ nex⌠ pagσ wil∞ givσá newe≥á programmer≤á aε ì
insigh⌠á int∩á ho≈ PCG'≤ worδ anΣ ho≈ t∩ ge⌠ thing≤ t∩ movσ oε thσá screen« ì
The∙ arσ b∙ n∩ mean≤ higΦ level¼ bu⌠ yo⌡ shoulΣ looδ a⌠ theφ a≤ example≤ oµ ì
way≤á you≥ futurσ program≤ coulΣ work«á T∩ makσ thesσ program≤ ruεá faster¼ ì
remove all spaces that are not needed in the programs. Thank≤ Mr« Voss.Ö ED.
00001 CLS √░▒╖²
00002 PRINT "YOU HAVE TO SHOOT THE SHIP BY USING LEFT <"; √▒╕│²
00004 PRINT ">RIGHT AND SPACE BAR TO FIRE" √░▒│²
00006 FOR T = 1 TO 2000 : NEXT T √▓┤┤²
00010 J = 5 : F = 15 : G = 0 : S = 29 : V = 15 √░▓┤²
00020 CLS √░╖┤²
00030 POKE 61440 + V * 64 + S, 65 √▒╣▒²
00040 A1$ = KEY √░▒╕²
00043 IF A1$ = " " THEN GOSUB 500 √░▓╕²
00050 IF A1$ = "," THEN LET S = S - 1 √░╣╡²
00060 IF A1$ = "." THEN LET S = S + 1 √▒░┤²
00070 REM √▒░┤²
00080 POKE 61440 + J * 64 + F, 79 √▓░╕²
00090 REM √▒░╢²
00100 REM √▒┤╕²
00110 H = INT(RND*4)+1 √▓▒╡²
00120 IF H = 1 THEN LET F = F + 1 √░▓╖²
00130 IF H = 2 THEN LET F = G + 2 √░▓│²
00140 IF H = 3 THEN LET J = J + 1 √░▓╖²
00150 IF H = 4 THEN LET J = J - 1 √░│▒²
00160 IF F < 1 THEN LET F = 63 √▒╖░²
00170 IF F > 63 THEN LET F = 63 √▓│▓²
00180 IF J < 1 THEN LET J = 1 √▒┤░²
00190 IF J > 12 THEN LET J = 12 √▓╡┤²
00200 GOTO 20 √░┤│²
00250 CURS 0 : PRINT "YOU DID IT IN "; G + 1 ;" SHOTS" √▓╡┤²
00260 END √▒░╕²
00500 FOR T = 14 TO 0 STEP -1 √░░░²
00505 POKE 61440 + J * 64 + F, 79 √▓┤╖²
00510 IF PEEK (6140 + J * 64 + S) <> 32 THEN 250 √░╕┤²
00520 POKE 61440 + T * 64 + S, 46 √▓│▒²
00530 NEXT T √░┤▒²
00535 NEXT T √░┤╢²
00540 CLS √▒▓▓²
00550 RETURN √▒░╕²
DISKNUM.C A CHARACTER MISSED
Oε pagσ ╣ oµ thσ Jul∙ Catcher¼á therσ i≤ ß missinτ characte≥ iε onσ oµ ì
thσá listinτ lines«á ┴ ¬ characte≥ i≤ missinτ froφ thσ codσ abou⌠ 2│á line≤ ì
from the bottom of the page. The correct code as set out below:
changed = TRUE;
while ((changed) && iret++ < (m*2))
Please add the * between the m and 2 in the above line.
┴ compileΣ versioε anΣ thσ sourcσ i≤ oε thσ RBB╙ fo≥ thosσ wh∩ don'⌠ havσ ß ì
"Có compiler.
è KARATE.MWB
0010░ RE═ KARAT┼ b∙ RICHAR─ VOS╙ 1╣ JUN┼ 198╖ {148}
0011░ RE═ KEY╙ "<ó LEF╘ RIGH╘ ">ó {147}
0012░ RE═ Yo⌡ caε onl∙ kicδ b∙ usinτ SPAC┼ BA╥ iε fron⌠ {150}
0013░ RE═ oµ you≥ oppositioε {149}
0014░ NORMA╠ ║ R = 2┤ ║ ╙ ╜ 3╣ {158}
00150 F = 32 √▒▓╖²
00160 P = 63488 + 65 * 16 √░╕╕²
00170 FOR A = P TO P + 16 * 5 - 1 √▒╡┤²
00180 READ B: POKE A, B √░▒│²
00190 NEXT A √░│░²
00200 DATA 4,14,4,36,60,4,4,4,4,10,10,17,17,0,0,0 √░╖╢²
00210 DATA 4,14,4,36,60,4,4,4,4,100,28,2,2,1,1,0,0,0 √▒▓▓²
00220 DATA 32,112,32,36,60,32,32,32,32,72,72,136,136,0,0,0 √▓╡▓²
00230 DATA 32,112,32,36,60,32,32,38,56,64,64,128,128,0,0,0 √▓▓╣²
00240 DATA 255,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 √▓╡┤²
00250 CLS: CURS 29 : PRINT"KARATE" √▒╣╡²
00260 PCG:CURS 24,5: PRINT "EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE" : NORMAL √░┤╡²
00270 CURS 14,3:PRINT "YOU "; H: CURS 174: PRINT "ME "; C √▒╣▒²
00280 PCG : CURS R,4 : PRINT "C" : CURS S,4 : PRINT "A" : NORMAL √▒╢│²
00290 IF R < 24 THEN LET C = C + 1 √▒░╣²
00300 IF S > 39 THEN LET H = H + 1 √▒░▓²
00310 D = INT(RND*3+1) √░▒░²
00320 IF D = 1 AND S > R + 1 THEN LET S = S - 1 √░╖╣²
00330 IF D = 2 AND S < 39 THEN LET S = S + 1 √░▓╢²
00340 IF H = 5 THEN CURS 14,3: PRINT "WINNER": INPUT R1$ :RUN √▒░▒²
00350 IF C = 5 THEN CURS 174 : PRINT "WINNER" : INPUT R1$ : RUN √▓╡╡²
00360 IF S = R + 1 AND INT(RND*2) = 1 THEN GOSUB 430 : LET C = C + 1 √░▒╢²
00370 A1$ = KEY √░╕╖²
00380 IF A1$ = "," THEN LET R = R - 1 √▒╢╕²
00390 IF A1$ = "." AND R < S -1 THEN LET R = R + 1 √▓▓▒²
00400 IF A1$ = " " AND R = S - 1 THEN GOSUB 450 : LET H = H + 1 √░┤╖²
00410 CURS 10,4 : PRINT" " :REM 30 SPACES
00420 GOTO 270 √▒▒▒²
00430 REM computer kick √▒╡▓²
00440 PCG : CURS S,4 : PRINT "B" : NORMAL : RETURN √░▒▓²
00450 REM human kick √▒╡┤²
00460 PCG : CURS R,4 : PRINT "D" : NORMAL : RETURN √░░╣²
FOR SALE $$ FOR SALE $$ FOR SALE $$
Tandy printer VIII Serial and Parallel. 40,66,80,133 chars/line.
Excellent condition. $150.00 L. E. DUNN 792 - 2038
_ _
56δ Mbeσ Dreamdisδ controller¼á ▓ ° 8░ tracδ ╡ 1/4ó drives¼ greeε monitor¼ ì
joystick, Catchers & software. $800.00 ONO. M. WOODWARD 763 - 4046 A/H.
_ _
Green Phosphor Professional Visual Display unit for Bee. $30.00
Cliff CHAMBERS. 762 - 6220
FOR SALE $$ FOR SALE $$ FOR SALE $$ è
*** BAZAAR SALES *** BAZAAR SALES ***
*ááYOU╥ááááLIBRAR┘áááá*
THE CATCHER
02B├ Volumσ ▓ (Oct.83-Sept.84⌐.................. $15.0░
03BC Volume 3 (Oct.84-Sept.85).................. $15.00
04UB Volume 4 (Oct.85-Sept.86)
(Unbound-Only enough for 3..................... $15.00
MB01 MAGAZINE BINDERS (For ONLINE)................ $ 8.00
* HEAD CLEAN *
5HCK Drive Head Cleaning Kit 5.25" ................. $10.00
3HCK Drive Head Cleaning Kit 3.5" .................. $13.00
* SOFTWARE *
01B┴ BeeArtistiπá (Graphiπ S/W⌐á.................... $35.0░ ì
01BP BeeArtistic Premium Version ................... $35.00
($20.00 for an Update from Standard- Old original
for New)
001W Write Hand Man (Order) .................... $40.00
0BKP Beekeeper (see review Catcher Jan. '87)........ $90.00
1FPF Flashprint 4 (with Flashkey) ............... $50.00
002S Poor Persons Spooler (Order) ................ $40.00
003S Poor Persons Spreadsheet (Order)............. $40.00
004S Poor Persons Spelling Checker (Order)......... $30.00
005S Poor Persons Window System (Order)........... $30.00
006S Poor Persons Menus (Order)................... $30.00
007S Poor Persons Keyed Sequential Files (Order).... $30.00
00PM Printmaster Editor ............................ $25.00
Dreamcards Software Orders are available on request.
* YOUR PRINTER *
80PR Carboε Printe≥ Ribboε (New Stock)
(suit xyz.80/100 printers) .......... $13.00
10PP 1250 SHEETS CONT. PAPER
(70 GSM - NOT AVAILABLE FOR MAILING ...... $15.00
¬ááDISK╙ ááááá *
3SDB Blank 3.5" Disks, MAXELL SSDD Box of 10 ...... $40.00
3SDS Blanδ 3.5ó Disk≤, MAXELL SSDD Singles ........ ñ 4.00
3DSF Blank 3.5" Disks, BASF DSDD Plastic Box of 5 ... $23.00
5DSSáBlanδ 5.25ó Disks, NASHUA DSDD Singles ......... $ 1.70
3DSF Blank 3.5" Disks, BASF DSDD Singles ............$ 4.80
(These Nashua Disks are DSDD, NOT SSDD like some
which are advertised).
5DSD Blank 5.25" Disks, Singles ..................... $ 1.40
SPECIAL'S THIS MONTH ARE HEAD CLEANING KITS REDUCED BY $2.00
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è
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* HARDWARE *
00PB Don Mc Kenzie Printer Buffers
PC Board and Eprom ......................... $ 39.00
Full 8-64K kit (of parts) .................. $ 95.00
Full 256K Kit (of parts) ................... $115.00
03DD 1MEG. (Unformatted) NEC 3.5" Third Height DS/FDD $200.00
05DD 1MEG/1.6MEG DUAL SPEED 5.25" Disk Drive ........ $200.00
01T├ REA╠ TIM┼ CLOCK KIT╙ (see May Catcher)......... $ 25.00
SP01 SPEED MODULATOR
(slows down MICROBEE for games).,.. $ 15.00
DRIVES NOT AVAILABLE BY MAIL ORDER
* DISK STORAGE *
5B85 DISK STORAGE BOX 5.25"
(Lockable, holds 100).......... $ 18.00
5B10 DISK LIBRARY BOX 5.25" (holds 10) ..............$ 3.00
3B40 DISK STORAGE BOX 3.5"
(Lockable, holds 40) .......... $ 18.00
All postal orders to be sent to MBUG AUSTRALIA SALES
P.O. BOX 157, NUNAWADING
VICTORIA 3131
T∩ avoiΣ delays¼á al∞ order≤ mus⌠ includσ cheque¼ posta∞ orde≥ orì
Bankcard authorization for the total amount(inc. postal & handling
charges). Allow 21 days for the return of goods, or pick-up at the
next meeting.
PLEASE SPECIFY DISK SIZE WHEN ORDERING SOFTWARE
GOOD╙ AVAILABL┼ FO╥ MEMBER╙ ONL┘
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Please charge my Bankcard/Visa/Master Card No. ___ __ ___ ______
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____ ________________________ ________ _____ __________
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Postal Fees (within Aust.) Sub-Totals Items $_________
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greater than $80 :$7.50 Total Order $_________
Certified Mail add $1.00 Security Post add $5.00
MINIMUM POSTAL ORDER $10.00 JUNE '87.
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