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KERMIT(1) QNX Software Manual KERMIT(1)
NAME NAME
kermit - file transfer, virt. terminal over tty link
SYNOPSIS SYNOPSIS
kermit c [ lbe ] [ line ] [ baud ] [ esc ]
kermit r [ ddilb ] [ line ] [ baud ]
kermit s [ ddilb ] [ l
ine ] [ baud ] file ...
DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION
Kermit Kermit provides reliable file transfer and primitive virtual
terminal communication between machines. It has been
implemented on many different computers, including
microprocessors (see below). The files transferred may be
arbitrary ASCII data (7-bit characteand may be of any
length. The file transfer protocol uses small (94
character) checksummed packets, with ACK/NACK responses and
Kermit timeouts. Kermit currently uses a five second timeout and
ten retries.
kermit The arguments to kermit are a set of flags (no spaces
between the flags), three optional
args (which, if included,
must be in the same order as the flags which indicate their
presence), and, if this is a Send operation a list of one or
tar more files. (It is similar in some way to the Unix tar
command structure).
Kermit Kermit has three modes, Connect, Send, and Receive. The
first is for a virtual terminal connection, the other two
for file transfer. These modes are specified by the first
c s or r flag, which should be c, s, or r, respectively. Exactly one
mode must be specified.
d kermit The d flag (debug) makes kermit a bit more verbose.
kermit
The states kermit goes through are printed along with other
d traces of it's operation. A second d flag will cause
kermit kermit to give an even more detailed trace.
i The i flag (image) allows slightly more efficie
nt file
transfer between Unix machines. Normally (on Kermits
defined to run on Unix systems) newline is mapped to CRLF on
output, CR's are discarded on input, and bytes are masked to
7 bits. If this is set, no mapping is done on newlines, and
all eight bits of each byte are sent or received. This is
the default for non-Unix kermits.
l kermit
The l flag (line) specifies the tty line that kermit
should use to communicate with the other machine. This is
l specified as a regular device name, like "$mdm". If no l
kermit option is specified, standard input is used and kermit
assumes it is running on the remote host (ie. NOT the
machine to which your terminal is attached).
b The b flag (baud) sets the baud rate on the line
l b specified by the l flag. No changes are made if the b flag
is not used. Legal speeds are: 110, 150, 300, 1200, 2400,
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KERMIT(1) QNX Soft
ware Manual KERMIT(1)
4800, 9600.
e The e flag (escape) allows the user to set the first
character of the two character escape sequence for Connect
kermit mode. When the escape character is typed, kermit will hold
it and wait for the next character. If the next character
c C kermit is c or C, kermit will close the connection with the
b B remote host. Similarly, if the next character is b or B,
kermit kermit will send a BREAK signal to the remote host. If the
____
second character is the same as the escape character, the
escape character itself is passed. Any character other than
these three results in a bell being sent to the user's
terminal and no characters passed to the remote host. All
other typed characters are passed through unchanged. The
default escape character is '^'.
p The
p flag (parity) allows parity to be set on
outgoing packets and stripped on incoming ones. This is
useful for communicating with IBM hosts or over networks,
such as TELENET, that usurp the parity bit. The possible
values for parity are mark, space, even, odd or none (the
default).
t kermit The t flag (turnaround) tells kermit while in protoc
ol
mode (sending or receiving) to wait for a turnaround
character (XON) from the other host after receiving every
kermit packet. This is necessary to run kermit with a half duplex
host such as an IBM mainframe.
h kermit The h flag (half duplex) makes kermit echo locally
any char
acters typed in connect mode. This is also
necessary to communicate with a half duplex system like an
IBM 370. The file arguments are only meaningful to a Send
kermit kermit kermit. The Receiving kermit will attempt to store the
file with the same name that was used to send it. QNX
kermits kermits n
ormally convert outgoing file names to uppercase
f and incoming ones to lower case (see the f flag). If a
filename contains a slash (/) all outgoing kermits will
strip off the leading part of the name through the last
slash.
EXAMPLE EXAMPLE
For this example we will assume two QNX machines. We are
logged onto "qnxa" (the
local machine), and want to
communicate with "qnxb" (the remote machine). There is a
modem on "$mdm".
We want to connect to "qnxb", then transfer "file1" to
that machine.
We type: kermit clb $mdm 1200
Kermit answers: Kermit: connected...
Now we dial the remote machine and connect the modem.
Anything typed on the terminal will be sent to the remote
machine a
nd any output from that machine will be displayed
on our terminal. We hit Control-Z, get a login herald and
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KERMIT(1) QNX Software Manual KERMIT(1)
log in.
kermit Now we need to start a kermit on the remote machine so
that we can send the file over. First we start up the
kermit remote, (in this case receiving) kermit, then the local,
(sending) one. Remember that we are talking to qnxb right
now.
We type: kermit r
kermit (there is now a Receive kermit on qnxb)
c We type ^ (the escape character) a
nd then c to kill
kermit the local (Connecting) kermit.
Kermit disconnected.
We type: kermit slb $mdm 1200 file1
Kermit answers: Sending file1 as FILE1
kermit When the transmission is finished, kermit will type
either "Send complete", or "Send failed.", depending on the
success
of the transfer. If we now wanted to transfer a
file from qnxb (remote) to qnxa (local), we would use these
commands:
kermit clb $mdm 1200
(connected to qnxb)
kermit s file9
^c (up-arrow c not control-c)
(talking to qnxa again)
kermit rl $mdm 1200
After all the transfers were done, we should connect
kermit again, log off of qnxb, kill the Connect kermit and hang up
the phone.
Detail on other implementations and on the protocol is
______ _____ _____ ______ ________ given in the Kermit Users Guide , and the Kermit Protocol
________ Handbook
FEATURES FEATURES
The KERMIT Protocol uses onl
y printing ASCII
characters, Ctrl-A, and CRLF. Ctrl-S/Ctrl-Q flow control can
be used "underneath" the Kermit protocol (TANDEM line
discipline on Berkeley Unix).
kermit This kermit does have timeouts when run under QNX, so
the protocol is stable when communicating with "dumb"
kermits (that don't have timeouts).
OTHER IMPLEMENTATIO
NS OTHER IMPLEMENTATIONS
Kermits have been written for TOPS-20, TOPS-10, IBM VM/CMS,
Unix, VAX/VMS, RT-11, MS-DOS, CP/M, and Apple DOS.
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KERMIT(1) QNX Software Manual KERMIT(1)
kermit The QNX kermit in use at Merrell Dow has been tested
with MS-Kermit (PC-DOS), Ckermit (Xenix), U
nix Kermit (Unix
System V) Kermit-11 (RSX-11M) , Kermit-32 under VMS, and
Kermit-20 under TOPS-20. More information is given in the
______ _____ _____ Kermit Users Guide.
SEE ALSO SEE ALSO
stty(1)
______ _____ _____ ______ _______ _ ___ __ Kermit Users Guide, Fourth Edition (4 May 83), Frank da
Cruz, Daphne Tzoar, Bill Catchings
____
__ ________ ______ ________ _______ _ __ _____ Kermit Protocol Manual, Protocol Version 3 (29 April
__ 83), Frank da Cruz, Bill Catchings
Both of the above documents are from the Columbia
University Center for Computing Activities, New York, New
York, 10027.
AUTHORS AUTHORS
KERMIT kernel by Bill Catchings, Columbia University Center
for Computing Activities
KERMIT-Unix adaptation by Chris Maio and Bob Cattani,
Columbia University Computer Science Dept.
Local mods for v6, System III, and System V by Walter
Underwood. Includes bug fixes from Jim Guyton at RAND-Unix.
KERMIT-QNX adaption by Anthony J. Starks at Merrell Dow
Research Institute.
DIAGNOSTICS DIAGNOSTICS
cannot open device
"cannot open device"
line The file named in the line argument did not exist or had
the wrong permissions.
bad line speed "bad line speed"
baud The baud argument was not a legal speed.
Could not create file "Could not create file"
kermit
A Receive kermit could not create the file being sent to
it.
nothing to connect to "nothing to connect to"
kermit line A Connect kermit was started without a line argument.
BUGS AND CAVEATS BUGS AND CAVEATS
There is no locking on the use of the outgoing line.
kermit
Several users could run kermit (or anything else) on the
line simultaneously.
The name "kermit" is not an acronym, but named after
the frog of Seasame Street fame. ("Kermit" is also Celtic
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KERMIT(1) QNX Software Manual KERMIT(1)
for "free")
This implementation does not send or
process
error-message packets.
Eight-bit quoting is not implemented.
Terminal emulation mode drops characters after 1200(?)
baud.
The message "GETC: file not open for read" or some such
may occur during transfers.
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