Axion 3D Atlas/ATLAS.iso/stats/70.txt

Text File | 1998-01-23 | 12KB | 327 lines

{bitmap= 26,50,"flags\ElSalv.bmp"}
{bigtext=150,120,"El Salvador"}



{1}Geography{4}
{4}To see a map of El Salvador, click {z,"-92.861643,9.430986,-81.578699,17.997217",here}{4}!

{2}Location:{4} Middle America, bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between Guatemala and Honduras

{2}Area:{4}
{3}total area:{4} 21,040 sq km
{3}land area:{4} 20,720 sq km
{3}comparative area:{4} slightly smaller than Massachusetts

{2}Land boundaries:{4}
{3}total:{4} 545 km
{3}border countries:{4} Guatemala 203 km, Honduras 342 km

{2}Coastline:{4} 307 km

{2}Maritime claims:{4}
{3}territorial sea:{4} 200 nm

{2}International disputes:{4} land boundary dispute with Honduras mostly resolved by 11 September
1992 International Court of Justice (ICJ) decision; with respect to the maritime boundary in the
Golfo de Fonseca, ICJ referred to an earlier agreement in this century and advised that some
tripartite resolution among El Salvador, Honduras and Nicaragua likely would be required

{2}Climate:{4} tropical; rainy season (May to October); dry season (November to April)

{2}Terrain:{4} mostly mountains with narrow coastal belt and central plateau
{3}lowest point:{4} Pacific Ocean 0 m
{3}highest point:{4} Cerro El Pital 2,730 m

{2}Natural resources:{4} hydropower, geothermal power, petroleum

{2}Land use:{4}
{3}arable land:{4} 27%
{3}permanent crops:{4} 8%
{3}meadows and pastures:{4} 29%
{3}forest and woodland:{4} 6%
{3}other:{4} 30%

{2}Irrigated land:{4} 1,200 sq km (1989)

{2}Environment:{4}
{3}current issues:{4} deforestation; soil erosion; water pollution; contamination of soils from disposal of
toxic wastes

{2}natural hazards:{4} known as the Land of Volcanoes; frequent and sometimes very destructive
earthquakes and volcanic activity

{2}international agreements:{4} party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species,
Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection; signed, but not ratified - Law of
the Sea

{2}Geographic note:{4} smallest Central American country and only one without a coastline on
Caribbean Sea


{1}People{4}

{2}Population:{4} 5,828,987 (July 1996 est.)

{2}Age structure:{4}
{3}0-14 years:{4} 38% (male 1,137,804; female 1,097,774)
{3}15-64 years:{4} 57% (male 1,627,519; female 1,716,261)
{3}65 years and over:{4} 5% (male 115,973; female 133,656) (July 1996 est.)

{2}Population growth rate:{4} 1.81% (1996 est.)

{2}Birth rate:{4} 28.3 births/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Death rate:{4} 5.81 deaths/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Net migration rate:{4} -4.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Sex ratio:{4}
{3}at birth:{4} 1.05 male(s)/female
{3}under 15 years:{4} 1.04 male(s)/female
{3}15-64 years:{4} 0.95 male(s)/female
{3}65 years and over:{4} 0.87 male(s)/female
{3}all ages:{4} 0.98 male(s)/female (1996 est.)

{2}Infant mortality rate:{4} 31.9 deaths/1,000 live births (1996 est.)

{2}Life expectancy at birth:{4}
{3}total population:{4} 68.88 years
{3}male:{4} 65.44 years
{3}female:{4} 72.5 years (1996 est.)

{2}Total fertility rate:{4} 3.2 children born/woman (1996 est.)

{2}Nationality:{4}
{3}noun:{4} Salvadoran(s)
{3}adjective:{4} Salvadoran

{2}Ethnic divisions:{4} mestizo 94%, Indian 5%, white 1%

{2}Religions:{4} Roman Catholic 75%
{3}note:{4} there is extensive activity by Protestant groups throughout the country; by the end of 1992,
there were an estimated 1 million Protestant evangelicals in El Salvador

{2}Languages:{4} Spanish, Nahua (among some Indians)

{2}Literacy:{4} age 15 and over can read and write (1995 est.)
{3}total population:{4} 71.5%
{3}male:{4} 73.5%
{3}female:{4} 69.8%


{1}Government{4}

{2}Name of country:{4}
{3}conventional long form:{4} Republic of El Salvador
{3}conventional short form:{4} El Salvador
{3}local long form:{4} Republica de El Salvador
{3}local short form:{4} El Salvador

{2}Type of government:{4} republic

{2}Capital:{4} San Salvador

{2}Administrative divisions:{4} 14 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento); Ahuachapan,
Cabanas, Chalatenango, Cuscatlan, La Libertad, La Paz, La Union, Morazan, San Miguel, San
Salvador, Santa Ana, San Vicente, Sonsonate, Usulutan

{2}Independence:{4} 15 September 1821 (from Spain)

{2}National holiday:{4} Independence Day, 15 September (1821)

{2}Constitution:{4} 20 December 1983

{2}Legal system:{4} based on civil and Roman law, with traces of common law; judicial review of
legislative acts in the Supreme Court; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations

{2}Suffrage:{4} 18 years of age; universal

{2}Executive branch:{4}
chief of state and head of government: President Armando CALDERON Sol (since 1 June 1994)
and Vice President Enrique BORGO Bustamante (since 1 June 1994) were elected for five-year
terms by universal suffrage; election last held 20 March 1994 (next to be held NA March 1999);
results - Armando CALDERON SOL (ARENA) 49.03%, Ruben ZAMORA Rivas (CD/FMLN/MNR)
24.09%, Fidel CHAVEZ Mena (PDC) 16.39%, other 10.49%; because no candidate received a
majority, a run-off election was held 24 April 1994; results - Armando CALDERON SOL (ARENA)
68.35%, Ruben ZAMORA Rivas (CD/FMLN/MNR) 31.65%
{3}cabinet:{4} Council of Ministers

{2}Legislative branch:{4} unicameral
Legislative Assembly (Asamblea Legislativa): elections last held 20 March 1994 (next to be held
NA March 1997); results - ARENA 46.4%, FMLN 25.0%, PDC 21.4%, PCN 4.8%, other 2.4%;
seats - (84 total) ARENA 39, FMLN 21, PDC 18, PCN 4, other 2

{2}Judicial branch:{4} Supreme Court (Corte Suprema), judges are selected by the Legislative
Assembly

{2}Political parties and leaders:{4} National Republican Alliance (ARENA), Juan Jose DOMENECH,
president; Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front (FMLN), Salvador SANCHEZ Ceren (aka
Leonel GONZALEZ), general coordinator; Christian Democratic Party (PDC), Ronal UMANA,
secretary general; National Conciliation Party (PCN), Ciro CRUZ Zepeda, secretary general;
Democratic Convergence (CD), Juan Jose MARTEL, secretary general; Unity Movement, Jorge
MARTINEZ Menendez, president
{3}note:{4} newly formed parties not yet officially recognized by the Supreme Electoral Tribunal: Liberal
Democratic Party (PLD), Kirio Waldo SALGADO, founder; Social Democratic Party (breakaway
from FMLN), Joaquin VILLALOBOS, founder; Social Christian Renovation Movement (MRSC)
(breakaway from PDC), Abraham RODRIGUEZ, founder

{2}Other political or pressure groups:{4}
labor organizations: Salvadoran Communal Union (UCS), peasant association; General
Confederation of Workers (CGT), moderate; United Workers Front (FUT)
business organizations: Productive Alliance (AP), conservative; National Federation of Salvadoran
Small Businessmen (FENAPES), conservative

{2}International organization participation:{4} BCIE, CACM, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD,
ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITU,
LAES, LAIA (observer), MINURSO, NAM (observer), OAS, OPANAL, PCA, UN, UNCTAD,
UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO

{2}Diplomatic representation in US:{4}
{3}chief of mission:{4} Ambassador Ana Cristina SOL
{3}chancery:{4} 2308 California Street NW, Washington, DC 20008
{3}telephone:{4} [1] [phone], 9672
{3}consulate(s) general:{4} Chicago, Dallas, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York,
and San Francisco

{2}US diplomatic representation:{4}
{3}chief of mission:{4} Ambassador Alan H. FLANIGAN
{3}embassy:{4} Final Boulevard Santa Elena, Station Antiguo Cuscatlan, San Salvador
{3}mailing address:{4} Unit 3116, APO AA 34023
{3}telephone:{4} [503] 278-4444
{3}FAX:{4} [503] 278-6011

{2}Flag:{4} three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), white, and blue with the national coat of arms
centered in the white band; the coat of arms features a round emblem encircled by the words
REPUBLICA DE EL SALVADOR EN LA AMERICA CENTRAL; similar to the flag of Nicaragua,
which has a different coat of arms centered in the white band - it features a triangle encircled by
the words REPUBLICA DE NICARAGUA on top and AMERICA CENTRAL on the bottom; also
similar to the flag of Honduras, which has five blue stars arranged in an X pattern centered in the
white band


{1}Economy{4}

{2}Economic overview:{4} El Salvador possesses a fast-growing entrepreneurial economy in which 90%
of economic activity is in private hands, with growth averaging 5% since 1990. Yet, because the
1980s were a decade of civil war and stagnation, per capita GDP has not regained the level of the
late 1970s. The rebound in the 1990s stems from the government program, in conjunction with the
IMF, of privatization, deregulation, and fiscal stabilization. The economy now is oriented more
toward manufacturing and services compared with agriculture. The sizable trade deficits are in the
main covered by remittances from the large number of Salvadorans abroad.

{2}GDP:{4} purchasing power parity - $11.4 billion (1995 est.)

{2}GDP real growth rate:{4} 6.3% (1995 est.)

{2}GDP per capita:{4} $1,950 (1995 est.)

{2}GDP composition by sector:{4}
{3}agriculture:{4} NA%
{3}industry:{4} NA%
{3}services:{4} NA%

{2}Inflation rate (consumer prices):{4} 11.4% (1995 est.)

{2}Labor force:{4} 1.7 million (1982 est.)
{3}by occupation:{4} agriculture 40%, commerce 16%, manufacturing 15%, government 13%, financial
services 9%, transportation 6%, other 1%

{2}Unemployment rate:{4} 6.7% (1993)

{2}Budget:{4}
{3}revenues:{4} $846 million
{3}expenditures:{4} $890 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1992 est.)

{2}Industries:{4} food processing, beverages, petroleum, tobacco, chemicals, textiles, furniture

{2}Industrial production growth rate:{4} 7.6% (1993)

{2}Electricity:{4}
{3}capacity:{4} 750,000 kW
{3}production:{4} 2.4 billion kWh
{3}consumption per capita:{4} 408 kWh (1993)

{2}Agriculture:{4} coffee, sugarcane, corn, rice, beans, oilseed; beef, dairy products; shrimp

{2}Illicit drugs:{4} transshipment point for cocaine; marijuana produced for local consumption

{2}Exports:{4} $1.6 billion (f.o.b., 1995 est.)
{3}commodities:{4} coffee, sugarcane, shrimp
{3}partners:{4} US, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Germany

{2}Imports:{4} $3.3 billion (c.i.f., 1995 est.)
{3}commodities:{4} raw materials, consumer goods, capital goods
{3}partners:{4} US, Guatemala, Mexico, Venezuela, Germany

{2}External debt:{4} $2.6 billion (December 1992)

{2}Economic aid:{4}
{3}recipient:{4} ODA, $777 million (1993)
{3}note:{4} US has committed $250 million in aid to El Salvador for 1992-96

{2}Currency:{4} 1 Salvadoran colon (C) = 100 centavos

{2}Exchange rates:{4} Salvadoran colones (C) per US$1 - 8.755 (December 1995), 8.755 (1995), 8.750
(1994), 8.670 (1993), 9.170 (1992), 8.080 (1991)

{2}Fiscal year:{4} calendar year


{1}Transportation{4}

{2}Railways:{4}
{3}total:{4} 602 km (single track; note - some sections abandoned, unusable, or operating at reduced
capacity)
narrow gauge: 602 km 0.914-m gauge

{2}Highways:{4}
{3}total:{4} 12,251 km
{3}paved:{4} 1,740 km (including 107 km of expressways)
{3}unpaved:{4} 10,511 km (1992 est.)

{2}Waterways:{4} Rio Lempa partially navigable

{2}Ports:{4} Acajutla, Puerto Cutuco, La Libertad, La Union, Puerto El Triunfo

{2}Merchant marine:{4} none

{2}Airports:{4}
{3}total:{4} 73
{3}with paved runways over 3,047 m:{4} 1
{3}with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m:{4} 1
{3}with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m:{4} 2
{3}with paved runways under 914 m:{4} 48
{3}with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m:{4} 21 (1995 est.)
Heliports: 1 (1995 est.)


{1}Communications{4}

{2}Telephones:{4} 116,000 (1984 est.)

{2}Telephone system:{4}
{3}domestic:{4} nationwide microwave radio relay system
{3}international:{4} satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); connected to Central American
Microwave System

{2}Radio broadcast stations:{4} AM 77, FM 0, shortwave 2

{2}Radios:{4} NA

{2}Television broadcast stations:{4} 5 (1986 est.)

{2}Televisions:{4} 500,700 (1993 est.)


{1}Defense{4}

{2}Branches:{4} Army, Navy, Air Force

{2}Manpower availability:{4}
{3}males age 15-49:{4} 1,415,691
{3}males fit for military service:{4} 905,938
{3}males reach military age (18) annually:{4} 78,660 (1996 est.)

{2}Defense expenditures:{4} exchange rate conversion - $100 million, 1% of GDP (1995)