Axion 3D Atlas/ATLAS.iso/stats/36.txt

Text File | 1998-01-23 | 10KB | 300 lines

{bitmap= 26,50,"flags\Brunei.bmp"}
{bigtext=150,120,"Brunei"}



{1}Geography{4}
{4}To see a map of Brunei, click {z,"107.206286,-0.843069,121.566397,10.230140",here}{4}!

{2}Location:{4} Southeastern Asia, bordering the South China Sea and Malaysia

{2}Area:{4}
{3}total area:{4} 5,770 sq km
{3}land area:{4} 5,270 sq km
{3}comparative area:{4} slightly larger than Delaware

{2}Land boundaries:{4}
{3}total:{4} 381 km
border country: Malaysia 381 km

{2}Coastline:{4} 161 km

{2}Maritime claims:{4}
{3}exclusive economic zone:{4} 200 nm or to median line
{3}territorial sea:{4} 12 nm

{2}International disputes:{4} may wish to purchase the Malaysian salient that divides the country; all of
the Spratly Islands are claimed by China, Taiwan, and Vietnam; parts of them are claimed by
Malaysia and the Philippines; in 1984, Brunei established an exclusive fishing zone that
encompasses Louisa Reef, but has not publicly claimed the island

{2}Climate:{4} tropical; hot, humid, rainy

{2}Terrain:{4} flat coastal plain rises to mountains in east; hilly lowland in west
{3}lowest point:{4} South China Sea 0 m
{3}highest point:{4} Bukit Pagon 1,850 m

{2}Natural resources:{4} petroleum, natural gas, timber

{2}Land use:{4}
{3}arable land:{4} 1%
{3}permanent crops:{4} 1%
{3}meadows and pastures:{4} 1%
{3}forest and woodland:{4} 79%
{3}other:{4} 18%

{2}Irrigated land:{4} 10 sq km (1989 est.)

{2}Environment:{4}
{3}current issues:{4} NA

{2}natural hazards:{4} typhoons, earthquakes, and severe flooding are very rare

{2}international agreements:{4} party to - Endangered Species, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution,
Whaling; signed, but not ratified - Law of the Sea

{2}Geographic note:{4} close to vital sea lanes through South China Sea linking Indian and Pacific
Oceans; two parts physically separated by Malaysia; almost an enclave of Malaysia


{1}People{4}

{2}Population:{4} 299,939 (July 1996 est.)

{2}Age structure:{4}
{3}0-14 years:{4} 33% (male 51,266; female 49,194)
{3}15-64 years:{4} 62% (male 98,806; female 88,323)
{3}65 years and over:{4} 5% (male 6,843; female 5,507) (July 1996 est.)

{2}Population growth rate:{4} 2.56% (1996 est.)

{2}Birth rate:{4} 25.5 births/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Death rate:{4} 5.1 deaths/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Net migration rate:{4} 5.18 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Sex ratio:{4}
{3}at birth:{4} 1.06 male(s)/female
{3}under 15 years:{4} 1.04 male(s)/female
{3}15-64 years:{4} 1.12 male(s)/female
{3}65 years and over:{4} 1.24 male(s)/female
{3}all ages:{4} 1.1 male(s)/female (1996 est.)

{2}Infant mortality rate:{4} 24.2 deaths/1,000 live births (1996 est.)

{2}Life expectancy at birth:{4}
{3}total population:{4} 71.39 years
{3}male:{4} 69.82 years
{3}female:{4} 73.04 years (1996 est.)

{2}Total fertility rate:{4} 3.39 children born/woman (1996 est.)

{2}Nationality:{4}
{3}noun:{4} Bruneian(s)
{3}adjective:{4} Bruneian

{2}Ethnic divisions:{4} Malay 64%, Chinese 20%, other 16%

{2}Religions:{4} Muslim (official) 63%, Buddhism 14%, Christian 8%, indigenous beliefs and other 15%
(1981)

{2}Languages:{4} Malay (official), English, Chinese

{2}Literacy:{4} age 15 and over can read and write (1995 est.)
{3}total population:{4} 88.2%
{3}male:{4} 92.6%
{3}female:{4} 83.4%


{1}Government{4}

{2}Name of country:{4}
{3}conventional long form:{4} Negara Brunei Darussalam
{3}conventional short form:{4} Brunei

{2}Type of government:{4} constitutional sultanate

{2}Capital:{4} Bandar Seri Begawan

{2}Administrative divisions:{4} 4 districts (daerah-daerah, singular - daerah); Belait, Brunei and Muara,
Temburong, Tutong

{2}Independence:{4} 1 January 1984 (from UK)

{2}National holiday:{4} National Day, 23 February (1984)

{2}Constitution:{4} 29 September 1959 (some provisions suspended under a State of Emergency since
December 1962, others since independence on 1 January 1984)

{2}Legal system:{4} based on Islamic law

{2}Suffrage:{4} none

{2}Executive branch:{4}
chief of state and head of government: Sultan and Prime Minister His Majesty Paduka Seri
Baginda Sultan Haji HASSANAL Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah (since 5 October 1967) is a
traditional Islamic monarch
{3}cabinet:{4} Council of Cabinet Ministers is composed chiefly of members of the royal family,
appointed and presided over by the sultan; deals with executive matters
Religious Council: is appointed by the sultan; advises on religious matters
Privy Council: is appointed by the sultan; deals with constitutional matters
the Council of Succession: is appointed by the sultan; determines the succession to the throne if
the need arises

{2}Legislative branch:{4} unicameral
Legislative Council (Majlis Masyuarat Megeri): elections last held in March 1962; in 1970 the
Council was changed to an appointive body by decree of the sultan; an elected Legislative Council
is being considered as part of constitutional reform, but elections are unlikely for several years

{2}Judicial branch:{4} Supreme Court, chief justice and judges are sworn in by the sultan for a three-
year term

{2}Political parties and leaders:{4} Brunei United National Party (inactive), Anak HASANUDDIN,
chairman; Brunei National Solidarity Party (the first legal political party and now banned), leader
NA; Brunei Peoples Party (banned), leader NA

{2}International organization participation:{4} APEC, ASEAN, C, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, IDB,
IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, Mekong Group, NAM, OIC, UN,
UNCTAD, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO

{2}Diplomatic representation in US:{4}
{3}chief of mission:{4} Ambassador JAYA bin Abdul Latif
{3}chancery:{4} Watergate, Suite 300, 3rd floor, 2600 Virginia Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20037
{3}telephone:{4} [1] [phone]
{3}FAX:{4} [1] [phone]

{2}US diplomatic representation:{4}
{3}chief of mission:{4} Ambassador Theresa A. TULL
{3}embassy:{4} Third Floor, Teck Guan Plaza, Jalan Sultan, Bandar Seri Begawan
{3}mailing address:{4} American Embassy Box B, Bandar Seri Begawan, APO AP 96440
{3}telephone:{4} [673] (2) 229670
{3}FAX:{4} [673] (2) 225293

{2}Flag:{4} yellow with two diagonal bands of white (top, almost double width) and black starting from
the upper hoist side; the national emblem in red is superimposed at the center; the emblem
includes a swallow-tailed flag on top of a winged column within an upturned crescent above a
scroll and flanked by two upraised hands


{1}Economy{4}

{2}Economic overview:{4} The economy is a mixture of foreign and domestic entrepreneurship,
government regulation and welfare measures, and village tradition. It is almost totally supported by
exports of crude oil and natural gas, with revenues from the petroleum sector accounting for more
than 40% of GDP. Per capita GDP is among the highest in the Third World, and substantial
income from overseas investment supplements domestic production. The government provides
for all medical services and subsidizes food and housing.

{2}GDP:{4} purchasing power parity - $4.6 billion (1995 est.)

{2}GDP real growth rate:{4} 2% (1995 est.)

{2}GDP per capita:{4} $15,800 (1995 est.)

{2}GDP composition by sector:{4}
{3}agriculture:{4} 3%
{3}industry:{4} 42%
{3}services:{4} 55%

{2}Inflation rate (consumer prices):{4} 2.4% (1994 est.)

{2}Labor force:{4} 119,000 (1993 est.); note - includes members of the Army
{3}by occupation:{4} government 47.5%, production of oil, natural gas, services, and construction
41.9%, agriculture, forestry, and fishing 3.8% (1986)
{3}note:{4} 33% of labor force is foreign (1988)

{2}Unemployment rate:{4} 4.8% (1994 est.)

{2}Budget:{4}
{3}revenues:{4} $2.1 billion
{3}expenditures:{4} $2.1 billion, including capital expenditures of $427 million (1993)

{2}Industries:{4} petroleum, petroleum refining, liquefied natural gas, construction

{2}Industrial production growth rate:{4} 12.9% (1987)

{2}Electricity:{4}
{3}capacity:{4} 380,000 kW
{3}production:{4} 1.2 billion kWh
{3}consumption per capita:{4} 3,971 kWh (1993)

{2}Agriculture:{4} rice, cassava (tapioca), bananas; water buffalo, pigs

{2}Exports:{4} $2.4 billion (f.o.b., 1994 est.)
{3}commodities:{4} crude oil, liquefied natural gas, petroleum products
{3}partners:{4} Japan 50%, UK 19%, Thailand 10%, Singapore 9% (1994 est.)

{2}Imports:{4} $1.8 billion (c.i.f., 1994 est.)
{3}commodities:{4} machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, food, chemicals
{3}partners:{4} Singapore 29%, UK 19%, US 13%, Malaysia 9%, Japan 5% (1994 est.)

{2}External debt:{4} $0

{2}Economic aid:{4} $NA

{2}Currency:{4} 1 Bruneian dollar (B$) = 100 cents

{2}Exchange rates:{4} Bruneian dollars (B$) per US$1 - 1.4214 (January 1996), 1.4174 (1995), 1.5274
(1994), 1.6158 (1993), 1.6290 (1992), 1.7276 (1991); note - the Bruneian dollar is at par with the
Singapore dollar

{2}Fiscal year:{4} calendar year


{1}Transportation{4}

{2}Railways:{4}
{3}total:{4} 13 km private line
narrow gauge: 13 km 0.610-m gauge

{2}Highways:{4}
{3}total:{4} 2,443 km
{3}paved:{4} 1,296 km
{3}unpaved:{4} 1,147 km (1993)

{2}Waterways:{4} 209 km; navigable by craft drawing less than 1.2 m

{2}Pipelines:{4} crude oil 135 km; petroleum products 418 km; natural gas 920 km

{2}Ports:{4} Bandar Seri Begawan, Kuala Belait, Muara, Seria, Tutong

{2}Merchant marine:{4}
{3}total:{4} 7 liquefied gas tankers (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 348,476 GRT/340,635 DWT (1994 est.)

{2}Airports:{4}
{3}total:{4} 2
{3}with paved runways over 3,047 m:{4} 1
{3}with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m:{4} 1 (1995 est.)
Heliports: 3 (1995 est.)


{1}Communications{4}

{2}Telephones:{4} 76,900 (1993)

{2}Telephone system:{4} service throughout country is adequate for present needs; international service
good to adjacent Malaysia
{3}domestic:{4} NA
{3}international:{4} satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Pacific Ocean)

{2}Radio broadcast stations:{4} AM 4, FM 4, shortwave 0

{2}Radios:{4} 115,000 (1993)

{2}Television broadcast stations:{4} 1 (1984 est.)

{2}Televisions:{4} 78,000 (1993 est.)


{1}Defense{4}

{2}Branches:{4} Land Forces, Navy, Air Force, Royal Brunei Police

{2}Manpower availability:{4}
{3}males age 15-49:{4} 83,641
{3}males fit for military service:{4} 48,559
{3}males reach military age (18) annually:{4} 2,918 (1996 est.)

{2}Defense expenditures:{4} exchange rate conversion - $312 million, 6.2% of GDP (1994)