Axion 3D Atlas/ATLAS.iso/stats/275.txt

Text File | 1998-01-23 | 11KB | 246 lines

{bigtext=26,120,"The World"}{4}


{1}Geography{4}

{2}Area:{4}
{3}total area:{4} 510.072 million sq km
{3}land area:{4} 148.94 million sq km
water area: 361.132 million sq km
{3}comparative area:{4} land area about 15 times the size of the US
{3}note:{4} 70.8% of the world is water, 29.2% is land

{2}Land boundaries:{4} the land boundaries in the world total 250,883.64 km (not counting shared
boundaries twice)

{2}Coastline:{4} 356,000 km

{2}Maritime claims:{4}
contiguous zone: 24 nm claimed by most but can vary
{3}continental shelf:{4} 200-m depth claimed by most or to depth of exploitation, others claim 200 nm or
to the edge of the continental margin
exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm claimed by most but can vary
{3}exclusive economic zone:{4} 200 nm claimed by most but can vary
{3}territorial sea:{4} 12 nm claimed by most but can vary
{3}note:{4} boundary situations with neighboring states prevent many countries from extending their
fishing or economic zones to a full 200 nm; 43 nations and other areas that are landlocked include
Afghanistan, Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Burkina
Faso, Burundi, Central African Republic, Chad, Czech Republic, Ethiopia, Holy See (Vatican City),
Hungary, Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lesotho, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malawi, Mali,
Moldova, Mongolia, Nepal, Niger, Paraguay, Rwanda, San Marino, Slovakia, Swaziland,
Switzerland, Tajikistan, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Turkmenistan, Uganda,
Uzbekistan, West Bank, Zambia, Zimbabwe

{2}Climate:{4} two large areas of polar climates separated by two rather narrow temperate zones from a
wide equatorial band of tropical to subtropical climates

{2}Terrain:{4} the greatest ocean depth is the Marianas Trench at 10,924 m in the Pacific Ocean
{3}lowest point:{4} Dead Sea -408 m
{3}highest point:{4} Mount Everest 8,848 m

{2}Natural resources:{4} the rapid using up of nonrenewable mineral resources, the depletion of forest
areas and wetlands, the extinction of animal and plant species, and the deterioration in air and
water quality (especially in Eastern Europe and the former USSR) pose serious long-term
problems that governments and peoples are only beginning to address

{2}Land use:{4}
{3}arable land:{4} 10%
{3}permanent crops:{4} 1%
{3}meadows and pastures:{4} 24%
{3}forest and woodland:{4} 31%
{3}other:{4} 34%

{2}Irrigated land:{4} NA sq km

{2}Environment:{4}
{3}current issues:{4} large areas subject to overpopulation, industrial disasters, pollution (air, water, acid
rain, toxic substances), loss of vegetation (overgrazing, deforestation, desertification), loss of
wildlife, soil degradation, soil depletion, erosion

{2}natural hazards:{4} large areas subject to severe weather (tropical cyclones), natural disasters
(earthquakes, landslides, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions)

{2}international agreements:{4} selected international environmental agreements are included under the
Environment entry for each country and in the Selected International Environmental Agreements
appendix


{1}People{4}

{2}Population:{4} 5,771,939,007 (July 1996 est.)

{2}Age structure:{4}
{3}0-14 years:{4} 31% (male 919,402,570; female 874,330,478)
{3}15-64 years:{4} 62% (male 1,824,524,365; female 1,776,639,084)
{3}65 years and over:{4} 7% (male 162,216,128; female 213,712,993)

{2}Population growth rate:{4} 1.4% (1996 est.)

{2}Birth rate:{4} 23 births/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Death rate:{4} 9 deaths/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Sex ratio:{4}
{3}at birth:{4} 1.06 male(s)/female
{3}under 15 years:{4} 1.05 male(s)/female
{3}15-64 years:{4} 1.03 male(s)/female
{3}65 years and over:{4} 0.76 male(s)/female
{3}all ages:{4} 1.01 male(s)/female (1996 est.)

{2}Infant mortality rate:{4} 60 deaths/1,000 live births (1996 est.)

{2}Life expectancy at birth:{4}
{3}total population:{4} 62 years
{3}male:{4} 61 years
{3}female:{4} 64 years

{2}Total fertility rate:{4} 2.9 children born/woman (1996 est.)


{1}Government{4}
data code from DIAM 65-18 "Geopolitical Data Elements and Related Features," Data Standard
No. 3, March 1984, published by the Defense Intelligence Agency; see the Cross-Reference List
of Country Data Codes appendix

{2}Administrative divisions:{4} 266 nations, dependent areas, other, and miscellaneous entries

{2}Legal system:{4} varies by individual country; 186 (not including Yugoslavia) are parties to the UN
International Court of Justice (ICJ or World Court)


{1}Economy{4}

{2}Economic overview:{4} Real global output - gross world product (GWP) - again rose 3% in 1995, with
the newly industrializing Third World countries setting the pace. And once more, results varied
widely among regions and countries. Average growth of 2.5% in the GDP of industrialized
countries (56% of GWP in 1995) and average growth of 5% in the GDP of less developed
countries (38% of GWP) were partly offset by a small 1.5% drop in the GDP of the former
USSR/Eastern Europe area (only 6% of GWP). With the notable exception of Japan at 3.1%,
unemployment was typically 6%-12% in the industrial world. The US accounted for 22% of GWP
in 1995; Western Europe accounted for 21%; and Japan accounted for 8%. These are the three
"economic superpowers" presumably destined to compete for mastery in international markets on
into the 21st century. As for the less developed countries: China, India, and the Four Dragons -
South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Singapore - once again posted records of 5% growth or
better; however, many other countries, especially in Africa, continued to suffer from drought, rapid
population growth, inflation, and civil strife. Central Europe continued its progress in moving
toward "market-friendly" economies. The 15 ex-Soviet countries typically experienced further
declines in output, although considerably less than in 1992-94. Externally, the nation-state, as a
bedrock economic-political institution, is steadily losing control over international flows of people,
goods, funds, and technology. Internally, the central government in a number of cases is losing
control over resources as separatist regional movements - typically based on ethnicity - gain
momentum, e.g., in the successor states of the former Soviet Union, in the former Yugoslavia, in
India, and in Canada. In Western Europe, governments face the difficult political problem of
channeling resources away from welfare programs in order to increase investment and strengthen
incentives to seek employment. The addition of nearly 100 million people each year to an already
overcrowded globe is exacerbating the problems of pollution, desertification, underemployment,
epidemics, and famine. Because of their own internal problems, the industrialized countries have
inadequate resources to deal effectively with the poorer areas of the world, which, at least from
the economic point of view, are becoming further marginalized. (For specific economic
developments in each country, see the individual country entries in this volume.)

{2}GDP:{4} GWP (gross world product) - purchasing power parity - $33.7 trillion (1995 est.)

{2}GDP real growth rate:{4} 3% (1995 est.)

{2}GDP per capita:{4} $5,900 (1995 est.)

{2}GDP composition by sector:{4}
{3}agriculture:{4} NA%
{3}industry:{4} NA%
{3}services:{4} NA%

{2}Inflation rate (consumer prices):{4}
all countries: 25%
developed countries: 2% to 6% typically
developing countries: 10% to 60% typically (1995 est.)
{3}note:{4} national inflation rates vary widely in individual cases, from stable prices in Japan to
hyperinflation in a number of Third World countries

{2}Labor force:{4} 2.24 billion (1992)
{3}by occupation:{4} NA

{2}Unemployment rate:{4} 30% combined unemployment and underemployment in many non-
industrialized countries; developed countries typically 6%-12% unemployment (1995 est.)

{2}Industries:{4} dominated by the onrush of technology, especially in computers, robotics,
telecommunications, and medicines and medical equipment; most of these advances take place
in OECD nations; only a small portion of non-OECD countries have succeeded in rapidly adjusting
to these technological forces; the rapid development of new industrial (and agricultural) technology
is complicating already grim environmental problems

{2}Industrial production growth rate:{4} 5% (1995 est.)

{2}Electricity:{4}
{3}capacity:{4} 2,773,000,000 kW
{3}production:{4} 11.601 trillion kWh
{3}consumption per capita:{4} 1,937 kWh (1993)

{2}Agriculture:{4} the whole gamut of crops, livestock, forest products, and fish

{2}Exports:{4} $4.3 trillion (f.o.b., 1995 est.)
{3}commodities:{4} the whole range of industrial and agricultural goods and services
{3}partners:{4} in value, about 75% of exports from the developed countries

{2}Imports:{4} $4.4 trillion (c.i.f., 1995 est.)
{3}commodities:{4} the whole range of industrial and agricultural goods and services
{3}partners:{4} in value, about 75% of imports by the developed countries

{2}External debt:{4} $2 trillion for less developed countries (1995 est.)

{2}Economic aid:{4} worldwide traditional foreign aid $50 billion (1995 est.)


{1}Transportation{4}

{2}Railways:{4}
{3}total:{4} 1,201,337 km includes about 190,000 to 195,000 km of electrified routes of which 147,760
km are in Europe, 24,509 km in the Far East, 11,050 km in Africa, 4,223 km in South America,
and 4,160 km in North America; note - fastest speed in daily service is 300 km/hr attained by
France's Societe Nationale des Chemins-de-Fer Francais (SNCF) Le Train a Grande Vitesse
(TGV) - Atlantique line
{3}broad gauge:{4} 251,153 km
standard gauge: 710,754 km
narrow gauge: 239,430 km

{2}Highways:{4}
{3}total:{4} NA km
{3}paved:{4} NA km
{3}unpaved:{4} NA km

{2}Ports:{4} Chiba, Houston, Kawasaki, Kobe, Marseille, Mina' al Ahmadi (Kuwait), New Orleans, New
York, Rotterdam, Yokohama

{2}Merchant marine:{4}
{3}total:{4} 25,521 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 442,276,527 GRT/701,647,274 DWT
{3}ships by type:{4} barge carrier 22, bulk 5,308, cargo 8,089, chemical tanker 920, combination bulk
307, combination ore/oil 279, container 1,938, liquefied gas tanker 709, livestock carrier 52,
multifunction large-load carrier 62, oil tanker 4,320, passenger 298, passenger-cargo 117, railcar
carrier 21, refrigerated cargo 1,022, roll-on/roll-off cargo 1,034, short-sea passenger 484,
specialized tanker 81, vehicle carrier 458 (1995 est.)


{1}Communications{4}

{2}Telephones:{4} NA

{2}Telephone system:{4}
{3}domestic:{4} NA
{3}international:{4} NA

{2}Radio broadcast stations:{4} AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA

{2}Radios:{4} NA

{2}Television broadcast stations:{4} NA

{2}Televisions:{4} NA


{1}Defense{4}

{2}Branches:{4} ground, maritime, and air forces at all levels of technology

{2}Defense expenditures:{4} probably a small decline in 1995 in aggregate real expenditure on arms
worldwide and somewhat less than three-quarters of a trillion dollars in money terms, or roughly
2% of gross world product (1995 est.)