Axion 3D Atlas/ATLAS.iso/stats/258.txt

Text File | 1998-01-23 | 13KB | 337 lines

{bitmap= 26,50,"flags\Yemen.bmp"}
{bigtext=150,120,"Yemen"}



{1}Geography{4}
{4}To see a map of Yemen, click {z,"31.344361,7.780631,54.708033,25.528994",here}{4}!

{2}Location:{4} Middle East, bordering the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Aden, and Red Sea, between Oman
and Saudi Arabia

{2}Area:{4}
{3}total area:{4} 527,970 sq km
{3}land area:{4} 527,970 sq km
{3}comparative area:{4} slightly larger than twice the size of Wyoming
{3}note:{4} includes Perim, Socotra, the former Yemen Arab Republic (YAR or North Yemen), and the
former People's Democratic Republic of Yemen (PDRY or South Yemen)

{2}Land boundaries:{4}
{3}total:{4} 1,746 km
{3}border countries:{4} Oman 288 km, Saudi Arabia 1,458 km

{2}Coastline:{4} 1,906 km

{2}Maritime claims:{4}
contiguous zone: 18 nm in the North; 24 nm in the South
{3}continental shelf:{4} 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
{3}exclusive economic zone:{4} 200 nm
{3}territorial sea:{4} 12 nm

{2}International disputes:{4} large section of boundary with Saudi Arabia not defined; a dispute with
Eritrea over sovereignty of the Hanish Islands in the southern Red Sea has been submitted to
arbitration under the auspices of the International Court of Justice

{2}Climate:{4} mostly desert; hot and humid along west coast; temperate in western mountains affected
by seasonal monsoon; extraordinarily hot, dry, harsh desert in east

{2}Terrain:{4} narrow coastal plain backed by flat-topped hills and rugged mountains; dissected upland
desert plains in center slope into the desert interior of the Arabian Peninsula
{3}lowest point:{4} Arabian Sea 0 m
{3}highest point:{4} Jabal an Nabi Shu'ayb 3,760 m

{2}Natural resources:{4} petroleum, fish, rock salt, marble, small deposits of coal, gold, lead, nickel, and
copper, fertile soil in west

{2}Land use:{4}
{3}arable land:{4} 6%
{3}permanent crops:{4} 0%
{3}meadows and pastures:{4} 30%
{3}forest and woodland:{4} 7%
{3}other:{4} 57%

{2}Irrigated land:{4} 3,100 sq km (1989 est.)

{2}Environment:{4}
{3}current issues:{4} very limited natural fresh water resources; inadequate supplies of potable water;
overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification

{2}natural hazards:{4} sandstorms and dust storms in summer

{2}international agreements:{4} party to - Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test
Ban; signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change

{2}Geographic note:{4} controls Bab el Mandeb, the strait linking the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden, one
of world's most active shipping lanes


{1}People{4}

{2}Population:{4} 13,483,178 (July 1996 est.)

{2}Age structure:{4}
{3}0-14 years:{4} 48% (male 3,302,489; female 3,122,246)
{3}15-64 years:{4} 50% (male 3,327,682; female 3,364,787)
{3}65 years and over:{4} 2% (male 158,018; female 207,956) (July 1996 est.)

{2}Population growth rate:{4} 3.56% (1996 est.)

{2}Birth rate:{4} 45.22 births/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Death rate:{4} 9.59 deaths/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Net migration rate:{4} 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Sex ratio:{4}
{3}at birth:{4} 1.05 male(s)/female
{3}under 15 years:{4} 1.06 male(s)/female
{3}15-64 years:{4} 0.99 male(s)/female
{3}65 years and over:{4} 0.76 male(s)/female
{3}all ages:{4} 1.01 male(s)/female (1996 est.)

{2}Infant mortality rate:{4} 71.5 deaths/1,000 live births (1996 est.)

{2}Life expectancy at birth:{4}
{3}total population:{4} 59.58 years
{3}male:{4} 58.23 years
{3}female:{4} 60.99 years (1996 est.)

{2}Total fertility rate:{4} 7.29 children born/woman (1996 est.)

{2}Nationality:{4}
{3}noun:{4} Yemeni(s)
{3}adjective:{4} Yemeni

{2}Ethnic divisions:{4} predominantly Arab; Afro-Arab concentrations in western coastal locations;
South Asians in southern regions; small European communities in major metropolitan areas

{2}Religions:{4} Muslim including Sha'fi (Sunni) and Zaydi (Shi'a), small numbers of Jewish, Christian,
and Hindu

{2}Languages:{4} Arabic

{2}Literacy:{4} age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.)
{3}total population:{4} 38%
{3}male:{4} 53%
{3}female:{4} 26%


{1}Government{4}

{2}Name of country:{4}
{3}conventional long form:{4} Republic of Yemen
{3}conventional short form:{4} Yemen
{3}local long form:{4} Al Jumhuriyah al Yamaniyah
{3}local short form:{4} Al Yaman

{2}Type of government:{4} republic

{2}Capital:{4} Sanaa

{2}Administrative divisions:{4} 17 governorates (muhafazat, singular - muhafazah); Abyan, Aden, Al
Bayda, Al Hudaydah, Al Jawf, Al Mahrah, Al Mahwit, Ataq, Dhamar, Hadhramaut, Hajjah, Ibb,
Lahij, Ma'rib, Sa'dah, San'a', Ta'izz
{3}note:{4} there may be a new governorate for the capital city of Sanaa

{2}Independence:{4} 22 May 1990 Republic of Yemen was established on 22 May 1990 with the merger
of the Yemen Arab Republic Yemen (Sanaa) or North Yemen and the Marxist-dominated People's
Democratic Republic of Yemen Yemen (Aden) or South Yemen; previously North Yemen had
become independent on NA November 1918 (from the Ottoman Empire) and South Yemen had
become independent on 30 November 1967 (from the UK)

{2}National holiday:{4} Proclamation of the Republic, 22 May (1990)

{2}Constitution:{4} 16 May 1991; amended 29 September 1994

{2}Legal system:{4} based on Islamic law, Turkish law, English common law, and local tribal customary
law; does not accept compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

{2}Suffrage:{4} 18 years of age; universal

{2}Executive branch:{4}
{3}chief of state:{4} President Lt. Gen. Ali Abdallah SALIH (since 22 May 1990, the former president of
North Yemen, assumed office upon the merger of North and South Yemen) was elected for a five-
year term by the House of Representatives; election last held 1 October 1994 (next to be held NA
1999); Vice President Maj. Gen. Abd al-Rab Mansur al-HADI (since NA October 1994) was
appointed by the president
{3}head of government:{4} Prime Minister Abd al-Aziz ABD AL-GHANI (since NA October 1994) was
appointed by the president; Deputy Prime Ministers Abd al-Wahhab al-ANISI (since NA October
1994), Dr. Abd al-Karim Ali al-IRYANI (since NA October 1994), Dr. Muhammad Said al-ATTAR
(since NA October 1994), and Abd al-Qadir al-BA JAMAL (since NA October 1994)
{3}cabinet:{4} Council of Ministers was appointed by the president on advice of the prime minister

{2}Legislative branch:{4} unicameral
House of Representatives: elections last held 27 April 1993 (next to be held NA May 1997);
results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (301 total) GPC 124, Islaah 61, YSP 55, others 13,
independents 47, election nullified 1

{2}Judicial branch:{4} Supreme Court

{2}Political parties and leaders:{4} over 40 political parties are active in Yemen, but only three project
significant influence; since the May-July 1994 civil war, President SALIH's General People's
Congress (GPC) and Shaykh Abdallah bin Husayn al-AHMAR's Yemeni Grouping for Reform, or
Islaah, have joined to form a coalition government; the Yemeni Socialist Party (YSP), headed by
Ali Salih UBAYD, has regrouped as a loyal opposition

{2}Other political or pressure groups:{4} NA

{2}International organization participation:{4} ACC, AFESD, AL, AMF, CAEU, CCC, ESCWA, FAO, G-
77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol,
IOC, ITU, NAM, OIC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO,
WToO, WTrO (applicant)

{2}Diplomatic representation in US:{4}
{3}chief of mission:{4} Ambassador Muhsin Ahmad al-AYNI
{3}chancery:{4} Suite 705, 2600 Virginia Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20037
{3}telephone:{4} [1] [phone], 4761
{3}FAX:{4} [1] [phone]

{2}US diplomatic representation:{4}
{3}chief of mission:{4} Ambassador David G. NEWTON
{3}embassy:{4} Dhahr Himyar Zone, Sheraton Hotel District, Sanaa
{3}mailing address:{4} P. O. Box 22347, Sanaa
{3}telephone:{4} [967] (1) 238843 through 238852
{3}FAX:{4} [967] (1) 251563

{2}Flag:{4} three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and black; similar to the flag of Syria which
has two green stars and of Iraq which has three green stars (plus an Arabic inscription) in a
horizontal line centered in the white band; also similar to the flag of Egypt which has a symbolic
eagle centered in the white band


{1}Economy{4}

{2}Economic overview:{4} Whereas the northern city Sanaa is the political capital of a united Yemen,
the southern city Aden, with its refinery and port facilities, is the economic and commercial capital.
Future economic development depends heavily on Western-assisted development of the country's
moderate oil resources. Former South Yemen's willingness to merge stemmed partly from the
steady decline in Soviet economic support. The low level of domestic industry and agriculture has
made northern Yemen dependent on imports for practically all of its essential needs. Once self-
sufficient in food production, northern Yemen has become a major importer. Land once used for
export crops - cotton, fruit, and vegetables - has been turned over to growing a shrub called qat,
whose leaves are chewed for their stimulant effect by Yemenis and which has no significant
export market. Economic growth in former South Yemen has been constrained by a lack of
incentives, partly stemming from centralized control over production decisions, investment
allocation, and import choices. Yemen's large trade deficits have been compensated for by
remittances from Yemenis working abroad and by foreign aid. Since the Gulf crisis, remittances
have dropped substantially. High inflation and political divisions hinder the development of a
forward-looking economic policy.

{2}GDP:{4} purchasing power parity - $37.1 billion (1995 est.)

{2}GDP real growth rate:{4} 3.6% (1995 est.)

{2}GDP per capita:{4} $2,520 (1995 est.)

{2}GDP composition by sector:{4}
{3}agriculture:{4} 21%
{3}industry:{4} 24%
{3}services:{4} 55%

{2}Inflation rate (consumer prices):{4} 71.3% (1994 est.)

{2}Labor force:{4} no reliable estimates exist, most people are employed in agriculture and herding or as
expatriate laborers; services, construction, industry, and commerce account for less than one-half
of the labor force

{2}Unemployment rate:{4} 30% (1995 est.)

{2}Budget:{4}
{3}revenues:{4} $1.4 billion
{3}expenditures:{4} $1.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1996 est.)

{2}Industries:{4} crude oil production and petroleum refining; small-scale production of cotton textiles
and leather goods; food processing; handicrafts; small aluminum products factory; cement

{2}Industrial production growth rate:{4} NA%

{2}Electricity:{4}
{3}capacity:{4} 810,000 kW
{3}production:{4} 1.8 billion kWh
{3}consumption per capita:{4} 149 kWh (1993)

{2}Agriculture:{4} grain, fruits, vegetables, qat (mildly narcotic shrub), coffee, cotton; dairy products,
poultry, meat; fish

{2}Exports:{4} $1.1 billion (f.o.b., 1994 est.)
{3}commodities:{4} crude oil, cotton, coffee, hides, vegetables, dried and salted fish
{3}partners:{4} US 17%, Japan 16%, Singapore 15%, China 13% (1994)

{2}Imports:{4} $1.8 billion (c.i.f., 1994 est.)
{3}commodities:{4} textiles and other manufactured consumer goods, petroleum products, sugar, grain,
flour, other foodstuffs, cement, machinery, chemicals
{3}partners:{4} US 11%, UK 7%, France 7%, Germany 5%, Japan 5% (1994)

{2}External debt:{4} $8 billion (1996)

{2}Economic aid:{4}
{3}recipient:{4} ODA, $148 million (1993)

{2}Currency:{4} Yemeni rial (new currency)

{2}Exchange rates:{4} Yemeni rials per US$1 - 12.010 (official fixed rate); 90 (market rate, December
1994)

{2}Fiscal year:{4} calendar year


{1}Transportation{4}

{2}Railways:{4} 0 km

{2}Highways:{4}
{3}total:{4} 51,392 km
{3}paved:{4} 4,831 km
{3}unpaved:{4} 46,561 km (1992 est.)

{2}Pipelines:{4} crude oil 644 km; petroleum products 32 km

{2}Ports:{4} Aden, Al Hudaydah, Al Mukalla, Mocha, Nishtun

{2}Merchant marine:{4}
{3}total:{4} 3 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 12,059 GRT/18,563 DWT
{3}ships by type:{4} cargo 1, oil tanker 2 (1995 est.)

{2}Airports:{4}
{3}total:{4} 41
{3}with paved runways over 3,047 m:{4} 2
{3}with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m:{4} 6
{3}with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m:{4} 1
{3}with paved runways under 914 m:{4} 3
{3}with unpaved runways over 3,047 m:{4} 2
{3}with unpaved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m:{4} 8
{3}with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m:{4} 9
{3}with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m:{4} 10 (1995 est.)


{1}Communications{4}

{2}Telephones:{4} 131,655 (1992 est.)

{2}Telephone system:{4} since unification in 1990, efforts have been made to create a national
telecommunications network
{3}domestic:{4} the network consists of microwave radio relay, cable, and tropospheric scatter
{3}international:{4} satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (2 Indian Ocean and 1 Atlantic Ocean), 1
Intersputnik (Atlantic Ocean region), and 2 Arabsat; microwave radio relay to Saudi Arabia and
Djibouti

{2}Radio broadcast stations:{4} AM 4, FM 1, shortwave 0

{2}Radios:{4} NA

{2}Television broadcast stations:{4} 10

{2}Televisions:{4} 350,000 (1992 est.)


{1}Defense{4}

{2}Branches:{4} Army, Navy, Air Force, paramilitary (includes Police)

{2}Manpower availability:{4}
{3}males age 15-49:{4} 2,985,764
{3}males fit for military service:{4} 1,685,517
{3}males reach military age (18) annually:{4} 145,161 (1996 est.)

{2}Defense expenditures:{4} $NA, NA% of GDP