Axion 3D Atlas/ATLAS.iso/stats/235.txt

Text File | 1998-01-23 | 11KB | 308 lines

{bitmap= 26,50,"flags\TriniT.bmp"}
{bigtext=150,120,"Trinidad and Tobago"}



{1}Geography{4}
{4}To see a map of Trinidad and Tobago, click {z,"-75.132956,4.379157,-53.752689,20.739678",here}{4}!

{2}Location:{4} Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, northeast
of Venezuela

{2}Area:{4}
{3}total area:{4} 5,130 sq km
{3}land area:{4} 5,130 sq km
{3}comparative area:{4} slightly smaller than Delaware

{2}Land boundaries:{4} 0 km

{2}Coastline:{4} 362 km

{2}Maritime claims:{4}
contiguous zone: 24 nm
{3}continental shelf:{4} 200 nm or to the outer edge of the continental margin
{3}exclusive economic zone:{4} 200 nm
{3}territorial sea:{4} 12 nm

{2}International disputes:{4} none

{2}Climate:{4} tropical; rainy season (June to December)

{2}Terrain:{4} mostly plains with some hills and low mountains
{3}lowest point:{4} Caribbean Sea 0 m
{3}highest point:{4} El Cerro del Aripo 940 m

{2}Natural resources:{4} petroleum, natural gas, asphalt

{2}Land use:{4}
{3}arable land:{4} 14%
{3}permanent crops:{4} 17%
{3}meadows and pastures:{4} 2%
{3}forest and woodland:{4} 44%
{3}other:{4} 23%

{2}Irrigated land:{4} 220 sq km (1989 est.)

{2}Environment:{4}
{3}current issues:{4} water pollution from agricultural chemicals, industrial wastes, and raw sewage; oil
pollution of beaches; deforestation; soil erosion

{2}natural hazards:{4} outside usual path of hurricanes and other tropical storms

{2}international agreements:{4} party to - Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes,
Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical
Timber 83, Wetlands, Whaling; signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity


{1}People{4}

{2}Population:{4} 1,272,385 (July 1996 est.)

{2}Age structure:{4}
{3}0-14 years:{4} 30% (male 193,134; female 186,649)
{3}15-64 years:{4} 64% (male 413,426; female 404,175)
{3}65 years and over:{4} 6% (male 33,791; female 41,210) (July 1996 est.)

{2}Population growth rate:{4} 0.08% (1996 est.)

{2}Birth rate:{4} 16.25 births/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Death rate:{4} 6.9 deaths/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Net migration rate:{4} -8.58 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Sex ratio:{4}
{3}at birth:{4} 1.03 male(s)/female
{3}under 15 years:{4} 1.04 male(s)/female
{3}15-64 years:{4} 1.02 male(s)/female
{3}65 years and over:{4} 0.82 male(s)/female
{3}all ages:{4} 1.01 male(s)/female (1996 est.)

{2}Infant mortality rate:{4} 18.2 deaths/1,000 live births (1996 est.)

{2}Life expectancy at birth:{4}
{3}total population:{4} 70.3 years
{3}male:{4} 67.91 years
{3}female:{4} 72.77 years (1996 est.)

{2}Total fertility rate:{4} 1.99 children born/woman (1996 est.)

{2}Nationality:{4}
{3}noun:{4} Trinidadian(s), Tobagonian(s)
{3}adjective:{4} Trinidadian, Tobagonian

{2}Ethnic divisions:{4} black 43%, East Indian (a local term - primarily immigrants from northern India)
40%, mixed 14%, white 1%, Chinese 1%, other 1%

{2}Religions:{4} Roman Catholic 32.2%, Hindu 24.3%, Anglican 14.4%, other Protestant 14%, Muslim
6%, none or unknown 9.1%

{2}Languages:{4} English (official), Hindi, French, Spanish

{2}Literacy:{4} age 15 and over can read and write (1995 est.)
{3}total population:{4} 97.9%
{3}male:{4} 98.8%
{3}female:{4} 97%


{1}Government{4}

{2}Name of country:{4}
{3}conventional long form:{4} Republic of Trinidad and Tobago
{3}conventional short form:{4} Trinidad and Tobago

{2}Type of government:{4} parliamentary democracy

{2}Capital:{4} Port-of-Spain

{2}Administrative divisions:{4} 8 counties, 3 municipalities*, and 1 ward**; Arima*, Caroni, Mayaro,
Nariva, Port-of-Spain*, Saint Andrew, Saint David, Saint George, Saint Patrick, San Fernando*,
Tobago**, Victoria

{2}Independence:{4} 31 August 1962 (from UK)

{2}National holiday:{4} Independence Day, 31 August (1962)

{2}Constitution:{4} 1 August 1976

{2}Legal system:{4} based on English common law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme
Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

{2}Suffrage:{4} 18 years of age; universal

{2}Executive branch:{4}
{3}chief of state:{4} President Noor Mohammed HASSANALI (since 18 March 1987) was elected by an
electoral college of members of the Senate and House of Representatives
{3}head of government:{4} Prime Minister Basdeo PANDAY (since 9 November 1995) was appointed
from among the members of Parliament
{3}cabinet:{4} Cabinet was appointed from among the members of Parliament

{2}Legislative branch:{4} bicameral Parliament
Senate: consists of a 31-member body appointed by the president
House of Representatives: elections last held 6 November 1995 (next to be held by December
2001); results - PNM 52%, UNC 42.2%, NAR 5.2%; seats - (36 total) PNM 17, UNC 17, NAR 2;
the UNC formed a coalition with the NAR

{2}Judicial branch:{4} Court of Appeal, judges are appointed by the president on the advice of the prime
minister; Supreme Court, judges are appointed by the president on the advice of the prime
minister

{2}Political parties and leaders:{4} People's National Movement (PNM), Patrick MANNING; United
National Congress (UNC), Basdeo PANDAY; National Alliance for Reconstruction (NAR), A. N. R.
ROBINSON; Movement for Social Transformation (MOTION), David ABDULLAH; National Joint
Action Committee (NJAC), Makandal DAAGA; Republican Party, Nello MITCHELL; National
Development Party (NDP), Carson CHARLES; Movement for Unity and Progress (MUP), Hulsie
BHAGGAN

{2}International organization participation:{4} ACP, C, Caricom, CCC, CDB, ECLAC, FAO, G-24, G-77,
IADB, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC,
ISO, ITU, LAES, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIH, UNU, UPU,
WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO

{2}Diplomatic representation in US:{4}
{3}chief of mission:{4} Ambassador Corinne Averille McKNIGHT
{3}chancery:{4} 1708 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036
{3}telephone:{4} [1] [phone]
{3}FAX:{4} [1] [phone]
{3}consulate(s) general:{4} New York

{2}US diplomatic representation:{4}
{3}chief of mission:{4} Ambassador Brian J. DONNELLY
{3}embassy:{4} 15 Queen's Park West, Port-of-Spain
{3}mailing address:{4} P. O. Box 752, Port-of-Spain
{3}telephone:{4} [1] [phone] through 6376, 6176
{3}FAX:{4} [1] [phone]

{2}Flag:{4} red with a white-edged black diagonal band from the upper hoist side


{1}Economy{4}

{2}Economic overview:{4} Trinidad and Tobago's oil- and petrochemical-dependent economy enjoys a
high per capita income, although living standards have declined since the boom years of 1973-82.
The country managed to record a second successive year of economic growth in 1995, the first
period of substantial expansion since the early 1980s. A broad economic reform program,
including the floating of the exchange rate, trade and capital market liberalization, and an
extensive privatization program by the previous administration has left the incoming PANDAY
government in a relatively sound economic position. Trinidad and Tobago's economic prospects
continue to depend heavily on world petroleum prices, however, and further progress toward
diversification will be an important challenge in the medium term.

{2}GDP:{4} purchasing power parity - $16.2 billion (1995 est.)

{2}GDP real growth rate:{4} 3.5% (1995 est.)

{2}GDP per capita:{4} $12,100 (1995 est.)

{2}GDP composition by sector:{4}
{3}agriculture:{4} 4.8%
{3}industry:{4} 44.5%
{3}services:{4} 50.7% (1995 est.)

{2}Inflation rate (consumer prices):{4} 5.4% (1995)

{2}Labor force:{4} 404,500
{3}by occupation:{4} construction and utilities 13%, manufacturing, mining, and quarrying 14%,
agriculture 11%, services 62% (1993 est.)

{2}Unemployment rate:{4} 17.8% (December 1995)

{2}Budget:{4}
{3}revenues:{4} $1.65 billion
{3}expenditures:{4} $1.61 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1996 est.)

{2}Industries:{4} petroleum, chemicals, tourism, food processing, cement, beverage, cotton textiles

{2}Industrial production growth rate:{4} 1% (1994 est.)

{2}Electricity:{4}
{3}capacity:{4} 1,150,000 kW
{3}production:{4} 3.9 billion kWh
{3}consumption per capita:{4} 2,740 kWh (1993)

{2}Agriculture:{4} cocoa, sugarcane, rice, citrus, coffee, vegetables; poultry

{2}Illicit drugs:{4} transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the US and Europe and
producer of cannabis

{2}Exports:{4} $2.2 billion (f.o.b., 1995)
{3}commodities:{4} petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals, steel products, fertilizer, sugar,
cocoa, coffee, citrus, flowers
{3}partners:{4} US 48%, Caricom countries15%, Latin America 9%, EU 5% (1994)

{2}Imports:{4} $996 million (c.i.f., 1994)
{3}commodities:{4} machinery, transportation equipment, manufactured goods, food, live animals
{3}partners:{4} US 47.7%, Venezuela 10%, UK 8.3%, other EU 8% (1994)

{2}External debt:{4} $2 billion (1994)

{2}Economic aid:{4}
{3}recipient:{4} ODA, $10 million (1993)

{2}Currency:{4} 1 Trinidad and Tobago dollar (TT$) = 100 cents

{2}Exchange rates:{4} Trinidad and Tobago dollars (TT$) per US$1 - 5.9412 (January 1996), 5.9192
(1995), 5.9249 (1994), 5.3511 (1993), 4.2500 (fixed rate 1989-1992); note - effective 13 April
1993, the exchange rate of the TT$ is market-determined as opposed to the prior fixed
relationship to the US dollar

{2}Fiscal year:{4} calendar year


{1}Transportation{4}

{2}Railways:{4}
{3}note:{4} minimal agricultural railroad system near San Fernando; railway service was discontinued in
1968

{2}Highways:{4}
{3}total:{4} 8,352 km
{3}paved:{4} 3,978 km
{3}unpaved:{4} 4,374 km (1987 est.)

{2}Pipelines:{4} crude oil 1,032 km; petroleum products 19 km; natural gas 904 km

{2}Ports:{4} Pointe-a-Pierre, Point Fortin, Point Lisas, Port-of-Spain, Scarborough, Tembladora

{2}Merchant marine:{4}
{3}total:{4} 2 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 2,928 GRT/5,571 DWT
{3}ships by type:{4} cargo 1, oil tanker 1 (1995 est.)

{2}Airports:{4}
{3}total:{4} 5
{3}with paved runways over 3,047 m:{4} 1
{3}with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m:{4} 1
{3}with paved runways under 914 m:{4} 2
{3}with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m:{4} 1 (1995 est.)


{1}Communications{4}

{2}Telephones:{4} 170,000 (1992 est.)

{2}Telephone system:{4} excellent international service; good local service
{3}domestic:{4} NA
{3}international:{4} satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); tropospheric scatter to Barbados
and Guyana

{2}Radio broadcast stations:{4} AM 2, FM 4, shortwave 0

{2}Radios:{4} 700,000 (1993 est.)

{2}Television broadcast stations:{4} 5 (1987 est.)

{2}Televisions:{4} 400,000 (1992 est.)


{1}Defense{4}

{2}Branches:{4} Trinidad and Tobago Defense Force (includes Ground Forces, Coast Guard, and Air
Wing), Trinidad and Tobago Police Service

{2}Manpower availability:{4}
{3}males age 15-49:{4} 351,835
{3}males fit for military service:{4} 252,532 (1996 est.)

{2}Defense expenditures:{4} exchange rate conversion - $83 million, NA% of GDP (1994)