Axion 3D Atlas/ATLAS.iso/stats/232.txt

Text File | 1998-01-23 | 12KB | 320 lines

{bitmap= 26,50,"flags\Togo.bmp"}
{bigtext=150,120,"Togo"}



{1}Geography{4}
{4}To see a map of Togo, click {z,"-2.580994,5.752929,4.892125,11.504231",here}{4}!

{2}Location:{4} Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Benin and Ghana

{2}Area:{4}
{3}total area:{4} 56,790 sq km
{3}land area:{4} 54,390 sq km
{3}comparative area:{4} slightly smaller than West Virginia

{2}Land boundaries:{4}
{3}total:{4} 1,647 km
{3}border countries:{4} Benin 644 km, Burkina Faso 126 km, Ghana 877 km

{2}Coastline:{4} 56 km

{2}Maritime claims:{4}
{3}exclusive economic zone:{4} 200 nm
{3}territorial sea:{4} 30 nm

{2}International disputes:{4} none

{2}Climate:{4} tropical; hot, humid in south; semiarid in north

{2}Terrain:{4} gently rolling savanna in north; central hills; southern plateau; low coastal plain with
extensive lagoons and marshes
{3}lowest point:{4} Atlantic Ocean 0 m
{3}highest point:{4} Pic Baumann 986 m

{2}Natural resources:{4} phosphates, limestone, marble

{2}Land use:{4}
{3}arable land:{4} 25%
{3}permanent crops:{4} 1%
{3}meadows and pastures:{4} 4%
{3}forest and woodland:{4} 28%
{3}other:{4} 42%

{2}Irrigated land:{4} 70 sq km (1989 est.)

{2}Environment:{4}
{3}current issues:{4} deforestation attributable to slash-and-burn agriculture and the use of wood for
fuel; recent droughts affecting agriculture

{2}natural hazards:{4} hot, dry harmattan wind can reduce visibility in north during winter; periodic
droughts

{2}international agreements:{4} party to - Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban,
Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83; signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity,
Climate Change, Desertification, Tropical Timber 94


{1}People{4}

{2}Population:{4} 4,570,530 (July 1996 est.)

{2}Age structure:{4}
{3}0-14 years:{4} 49% (male 1,116,030; female 1,105,957)
{3}15-64 years:{4} 49% (male 1,085,774; female 1,163,374)
{3}65 years and over:{4} 2% (male 46,089; female 53,306) (July 1996 est.)

{2}Population growth rate:{4} 3.56% (1996 est.)

{2}Birth rate:{4} 46.23 births/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Death rate:{4} 10.66 deaths/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Net migration rate:{4} 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Sex ratio:{4}
{3}at birth:{4} 1.03 male(s)/female
{3}under 15 years:{4} 1.01 male(s)/female
{3}15-64 years:{4} 0.93 male(s)/female
{3}65 years and over:{4} 0.86 male(s)/female
{3}all ages:{4} 0.97 male(s)/female (1996 est.)

{2}Infant mortality rate:{4} 84.3 deaths/1,000 live births (1996 est.)

{2}Life expectancy at birth:{4}
{3}total population:{4} 57.87 years
{3}male:{4} 55.7 years
{3}female:{4} 60.1 years (1996 est.)

{2}Total fertility rate:{4} 6.75 children born/woman (1996 est.)

{2}Nationality:{4}
{3}noun:{4} Togolese (singular and plural)
{3}adjective:{4} Togolese

{2}Ethnic divisions:{4} native African (37 tribes; largest and most important are Ewe, Mina, and Kabre)
99%, European and Syrian-Lebanese less than 1%

{2}Religions:{4} indigenous beliefs 70%, Christian 20%, Muslim 10%

{2}Languages:{4} French (official and the language of commerce), Ewe and Mina (the two major African
languages in the south), Dagomba and Kabye (sometimes spelled Kabiye; the two major African
languages in the north)

{2}Literacy:{4} age 15 and over can read and write (1995 est.)
{3}total population:{4} 51.7%
{3}male:{4} 67%
{3}female:{4} 37%


{1}Government{4}

{2}Name of country:{4}
{3}conventional long form:{4} Republic of Togo
{3}conventional short form:{4} Togo
{3}local long form:{4} Republique Togolaise
{3}local short form:{4} none
{3}former:{4} French Togo

{2}Type of government:{4} republic under transition to multiparty democratic rule

{2}Capital:{4} Lome

{2}Administrative divisions:{4} 23 circumscriptions (circonscriptions, singular - circonscription); Amlame
(Amou), Aneho (Lacs), Atakpame (Ogou), Badou (Wawa), Bafilo (Assoli), Bassar (Bassari),
Dapango (Tone), Kande (Keran), Klouto (Kloto), Pagouda (Binah), Lama-Kara (Kozah), Lome
(Golfe), Mango (Oti), Niamtougou (Doufelgou), Notse (Haho), Pagouda, Sotouboua, Tabligbo
(Yoto), Tchamba, Nyala, Tchaoudjo, Tsevie (Zio), Vogan (Vo)
{3}note:{4} the 23 units may now be called prefectures (singular - prefecture) and reported name
changes for individual units are included in parentheses

{2}Independence:{4} 27 April 1960 (from French-administered UN trusteeship)

{2}National holiday:{4} Independence Day, 27 April (1960)

{2}Constitution:{4} multiparty draft constitution approved by High Council of the Republic 1 July 1992;
adopted by public referendum 27 September 1992

{2}Legal system:{4} French-based court system

{2}Suffrage:{4} NA years of age; universal adult

{2}Executive branch:{4}
{3}chief of state:{4} President Gen. Gnassingbe EYADEMA (since 14 April 1967) reelected for a five-
year term by universal suffrage; election last held 25 August 1993 (next to be held NA 1998); all
major opposition parties boycotted the election; Gen. EYADEMA won 96.5% of the vote
{3}head of government:{4} Prime Minister Edem KODJO (since April 1994) appointed by the president
{3}cabinet:{4} Council of Ministers appointed by the president and the prime minister

{2}Legislative branch:{4} unicameral
National Assembly: elections last held 6 and 20 February 1994 (next to be held NA); results -
percent of vote by party NA; seats - (81 total) CAR 36, RPT 35, UTD 7, UJD 2, CFN 1
{3}note:{4} the Supreme Court ordered new elections for three seats of the Action Committee for
Renewal (CAR) and the Togolese Union for Democracy (UTD), lowering their total to 34 and six
seats, respectively; the remaining three seats have not been filled

{2}Judicial branch:{4} Court of Appeal (Cour d'Appel); Supreme Court (Cour Supreme)

{2}Political parties and leaders:{4} Rally of the Togolese People (RPT), President Gen. Gnassingbe
EYADEMA; Coordination des Forces Nouvelles (CFN), Joseph KOFFIGOH; Togolese Union for
Democracy (UTD), Edem KODJO; Action Committee for Renewal (CAR), Yao AGBOYIBOR;
Union for Democracy and Solidarity (UDS), Antoine FOLLY; Pan-African Sociodemocrats Group
(GSP), an alliance of three radical parties: CDPA, PDR, and PSP; Democratic Convention of
African Peoples (CDPA), Leopold GNININVI; Party for Democracy and Renewal (PDR), Zarifou
AYEVA; Pan-African Social Party (PSP), Francis AGBAGLI; Union of Forces for Change (UFC),
Gilchrist OLYMPIO (in exile); Union of Justice and Democracy (UJD), Lal TAXPANDJAN
{3}note:{4} Rally of the Togolese People (RPT), led by President EYADEMA, was the only party until
the formation of multiple parties was legalized 12 April 1991

{2}International organization participation:{4} ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CCC, ECA, ECOWAS, Entente, FAO,
FZ, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat,
Interpol, IOC, ITU, MINURSO, NAM, OAU, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIH, UPU,
WADB, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO

{2}Diplomatic representation in US:{4}
{3}chief of mission:{4} Ambassador Kossivi OSSEYI
{3}chancery:{4} 2208 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
{3}telephone:{4} [1] [phone]
{3}FAX:{4} [1] [phone]

{2}US diplomatic representation:{4}
{3}chief of mission:{4} Ambassador Johnny YOUNG
{3}embassy:{4} Rue Pelletier Caventou and Rue Vauban, Lome
{3}mailing address:{4} B. P. 852, Lome
{3}telephone:{4} [228] 21 77 17, 21 29 91 through 21 29 94
{3}FAX:{4} [228] 21 79 52

{2}Flag:{4} five equal horizontal bands of green (top and bottom) alternating with yellow; there is a white
five-pointed star on a red square in the upper hoist-side corner; uses the popular pan-African
colors of Ethiopia


{1}Economy{4}

{2}Economic overview:{4} This small sub-Saharan economy is heavily dependent on subsistence
agriculture, which provides employment for more than 60% of the labor force. Cocoa, coffee, and
cotton together generate about 30% of export earnings. Togo is self-sufficient in basic foodstuffs
when harvests are normal. In the industrial sector, phosphate mining is by far the most important
activity, although it has suffered from the collapse of world phosphate prices and increased foreign
competition. Togo serves as a regional commercial and trade center. The government's decade-
long effort, supported by the World Bank and the IMF, to implement economic reform measures,
encourage foreign investment, and bring revenues in line with expenditures has stalled. Political
unrest, including private and public sector strikes throughout 1992 and 1993, has jeopardized the
reform program, shrunk the tax base, and disrupted vital economic activity. Although strikes had
ended in 1994, political unrest and lack of funds prevented the government from taking advantage
of the 50% currency devaluation of 12 January 1994. Resumption of World Bank and IMF flows
will depend on implementation of several controversial moves toward privatization and on
downsizing the military, on which the regime depends to stay in power.

{2}GDP:{4} purchasing power parity - $4.1 billion (1995 est.)

{2}GDP real growth rate:{4} 6% (1995 est.)

{2}GDP per capita:{4} $900 (1995 est.)

{2}GDP composition by sector:{4}
{3}agriculture:{4} 49.2%
{3}industry:{4} 17.7%
{3}services:{4} 33.1% (1993 est.)

{2}Inflation rate (consumer prices):{4} 8.8% (1995 est.)

{2}Labor force:{4} 1.538 million (1993 est.)
{3}by occupation:{4} agriculture 64%, industry 9%, services 21%. unemployed 6% (1981 est.)

{2}Unemployment rate:{4} NA%

{2}Budget:{4}
{3}revenues:{4} $165 million
{3}expenditures:{4} $274 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1995 est.)

{2}Industries:{4} phosphate mining, agricultural processing, cement; handicrafts, textiles, beverages

{2}Industrial production growth rate:{4} NA%

{2}Electricity:{4}
{3}capacity:{4} 34,000 kW
{3}production:{4} 41.004 million kWh
{3}consumption per capita:{4} 9 kWh (1990)

{2}Agriculture:{4} coffee, cocoa, cotton, yams, cassava (tapioca), corn, beans, rice, millet, sorghum;
meat; annual fish catch of 10,000-14,000 tons

{2}Illicit drugs:{4} increasingly used as transit hub by heroin traffickers

{2}Exports:{4} $162.2 (f.o.b., 1994)
{3}commodities:{4} phosphates, cotton, cocoa, coffee
{3}partners:{4} EC 40%, Africa 16%, US 1% (1990)

{2}Imports:{4} $212 million (c.i.f., 1994)
{3}commodities:{4} machinery and equipment, consumer goods, food, chemical products
{3}partners:{4} EC 57%, Africa 17%, US 5%, Japan 4% (1990)

{2}External debt:{4} $1.3 billion (1991)

{2}Economic aid:{4}
{3}recipient:{4} ODA, $NA

{2}Currency:{4} 1 Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (CFAF) = 100 centimes

{2}Exchange rates:{4} CFA francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 500.56 (January 1996), 499.15 (1995), 555.20
(1994), 283.16 (1993), 264.69 (1992), 282.11 (1991)
{3}note:{4} beginning 12 January 1994, the CFA franc was devalued to CFAF 100 per French franc from
CFAF 50 at which it had been fixed since 1948

{2}Fiscal year:{4} calendar year


{1}Transportation{4}

{2}Railways:{4}
{3}total:{4} 525 km (1995)
narrow gauge: 525 km 1.000-m gauge

{2}Highways:{4}
{3}total:{4} 7,545 km
{3}paved:{4} 1,833 km
{3}unpaved:{4} 5,712 km (1993 est.)

{2}Waterways:{4} 50 km Mono river

{2}Ports:{4} Kpeme, Lome

{2}Merchant marine:{4} none

{2}Airports:{4}
{3}total:{4} 8
{3}with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m:{4} 2
{3}with paved runways under 914 m:{4} 2
{3}with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m:{4} 4 (1995 est.)


{1}Communications{4}

{2}Telephones:{4} 12,000 (1987 est.)

{2}Telephone system:{4} fair system based on network of microwave radio relay routes supplemented
by open-wire lines
{3}domestic:{4} microwave radio relay and open-wire lines
{3}international:{4} satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 Symphonie

{2}Radio broadcast stations:{4} AM 2, FM 0, shortwave 0

{2}Radios:{4} 795,000 (1992 est.)

{2}Television broadcast stations:{4} 3 (relays 2)

{2}Televisions:{4} 24,000 (1992 est.)


{1}Defense{4}

{2}Branches:{4} Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie

{2}Manpower availability:{4}
{3}males age 15-49:{4} 975,746
{3}males fit for military service:{4} 512,196 (1996 est.)

{2}Defense expenditures:{4} exchange rate conversion - $48 million, 2.9% of GDP (1993)