Axion 3D Atlas/ATLAS.iso/stats/223.txt

Text File | 1998-01-23 | 6KB | 198 lines

{bitmap= 26,50,"flags\Norway.bmp"}
{bigtext=150,120,"Svalbard"}
{4}(territory of Norway)



{1}Geography{4}
{4}To see a map of Svalbard, click {z,"5.684211,61.412826,42.496241,89.549098",here}{4}!

{2}Location:{4} Northern Europe, islands between the Arctic Ocean, Barents Sea, Greenland Sea, and
Norwegian Sea, north of Norway

{2}Area:{4}
{3}total area:{4} 62,049 sq km
{3}land area:{4} 62,049 sq km
{3}comparative area:{4} slightly smaller than West Virginia
{3}note:{4} includes Spitsbergen and Bjornoya (Bear Island)

{2}Land boundaries:{4} 0 km

{2}Coastline:{4} 3,587 km

{2}Maritime claims:{4}
exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm unilaterally claimed by Norway but not recognized by Russia
{3}territorial sea:{4} 4 nm

{2}International disputes:{4} focus of maritime boundary dispute in the Barents Sea between Norway
and Russia

{2}Climate:{4} arctic, tempered by warm North Atlantic Current; cool summers, cold winters; North
Atlantic Current flows along west and north coasts of Spitsbergen, keeping water open and
navigable most of the year

{2}Terrain:{4} wild, rugged mountains; much of high land ice covered; west coast clear of ice about one-
half of the year; fjords along west and north coasts
{3}lowest point:{4} Arctic Ocean 0 m
{3}highest point:{4} Newtontoppen 1,717 m

{2}Natural resources:{4} coal, copper, iron ore, phosphate, zinc, wildlife, fish

{2}Land use:{4}
{3}arable land:{4} 0%
{3}permanent crops:{4} 0%
{3}meadows and pastures:{4} 0%
{3}forest and woodland:{4} 0%
{3}other:{4} 100% (no trees and the only bushes are crowberry and cloudberry)

{2}Irrigated land:{4} NA sq km

{2}Environment:{4}
{3}current issues:{4} NA

{2}natural hazards:{4} ice floes often block up the entrance to Bellsund (a transit point for coal export)
on the west coast and occasionally make parts of the northeastern coast inaccessible to maritime
traffic

{2}international agreements:{4} NA

{2}Geographic note:{4} northernmost part of the Kingdom of Norway; consists of nine main islands;
glaciers and snowfields cover 60% of the total area


{1}People{4}

{2}Population:{4} 2,715 (July 1996 est.)

{2}Age structure:{4}
{3}0-14 years:{4} NA
{3}15-64 years:{4} NA
{3}65 years and over:{4} NA

{2}Population growth rate:{4} -4.01% (1996 est.)

{2}Birth rate:{4} NA births/1,000 population

{2}Death rate:{4} NA deaths/1,000 population

{2}Net migration rate:{4} NA migrant(s)/1,000 population

{2}Sex ratio:{4}
{3}at birth:{4} NA male(s)/female
{3}under 15 years:{4} NA male(s)/female
{3}15-64 years:{4} NA male(s)/female
{3}65 years and over:{4} NA male(s)/female
{3}all ages:{4} NA male(s)/female

{2}Infant mortality rate:{4} NA deaths/1,000 live births

{2}Life expectancy at birth:{4}
{3}total population:{4} NA years
{3}male:{4} NA years
{3}female:{4} NA years

{2}Total fertility rate:{4} NA children born/woman

{2}Ethnic divisions:{4} Russian and Ukrainian 62%, Norwegian 38%, other NEGL% (1994)

{2}Languages:{4} Russian, Norwegian


{1}Government{4}

{2}Name of country:{4}
{3}conventional long form:{4} none
{3}conventional short form:{4} Svalbard

{2}Type of government:{4} territory of Norway administered by the Ministry of Industry, Oslo, through a
governor (sysselmann) residing in Longyearbyen, Spitsbergen; by treaty (9 February 1920)
sovereignty was given to Norway

{2}Capital:{4} Longyearbyen

{2}Independence:{4} none (territory of Norway)

{2}National holiday:{4} NA

{2}Legal system:{4} NA

{2}Executive branch:{4}
Chief of State: King HARALD V (of Norway since 17 January 1991) is a hereditary monarch
Head of Government: Governor Ann-Krisitin OLSEN (since NA) and Assistant Governor Jan-Atle
HANSEN (since NA September 1993) are responsible to the Polar Department of the Ministry of
Justice
{3}note:{4} Norwegian inhabitants participate in Norwegian national elections

{2}International organization participation:{4} none

{2}Flag:{4} the flag of Norway is used


{1}Economy{4}

{2}Economic overview:{4} Coal mining is the major economic activity on Svalbard. By treaty (9 February
1920), the nationals of the treaty powers have equal rights to exploit mineral deposits, subject to
Norwegian regulation. Although US, UK, Dutch, and Swedish coal companies have mined in the
past, the only companies still mining are Norwegian and Russian. The settlements on Svalbard
are essentially company towns. The Norwegian state-owned coal company employs nearly 60%
of the Norwegian population on the island, runs many of the local services, and provides most of
the local infrastructure. There is also some trapping of seal, polar bear, fox, and walrus.

{2}Labor force:{4} NA

{2}Budget:{4}
{3}revenues:{4} $11.6 million
{3}expenditures:{4} $11.6 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1995 est.)

{2}Electricity:{4}
{3}capacity:{4} 21,000 kW
{3}production:{4} 45 million kWh
{3}consumption per capita:{4} 13,860 kWh (1992)

{2}Currency:{4} 1 Norwegian krone (NKr) = 100 oere

{2}Exchange rates:{4} Norwegian kroner (NKr) per US$1 - 6.4160 (January 1996), 6.3352 (1995),
7.0576 (1994), 7.0941 (1993), 6.2145 (1992), 6.4829 (1991)


{1}Transportation{4}

{2}Railways:{4} 0 km

{2}Highways:{4}
{3}total:{4} NA km
{3}paved:{4} NA km
{3}unpaved:{4} NA km

{2}Ports:{4} Barentsburg, Longyearbyen, Ny-Alesund, Pyramiden

{2}Merchant marine:{4} none

{2}Airports:{4}
{3}total:{4} 4
{3}with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m:{4} 1
{3}with paved runways under 914 m:{4} 3 (1995 est.)


{1}Communications{4}

{2}Telephones:{4} NA

{2}Telephone system:{4}
{3}domestic:{4} local telephone service
{3}international:{4} satellite earth station - 1 of NA type (for communication with Norwegian mainland
only)

{2}Radio broadcast stations:{4} AM 1, FM 1 (repeaters 2), shortwave 0
{3}note:{4} there are five meteorological/radio stations

{2}Radios:{4} NA

{2}Television broadcast stations:{4} 1

{2}Televisions:{4} NA


{1}Defense{4}
Defense note: demilitarized by treaty (9 February 1920)