Axion 3D Atlas/ATLAS.iso/stats/205.txt

Text File | 1998-01-23 | 10KB | 288 lines

{bitmap= 26,50,"flags\SaoTPr.bmp"}
{bigtext=150,120,"Sao Tome and Principe"}



{1}Geography{4}
{4}To see a map of Sao Tome and Principe, click {z,"0.474193,-5.052450,15.225055,6.320035",here}{4}!

{2}Location:{4} Western Africa, island in the Atlantic Ocean, straddling the Equator, west of Gabon

{2}Area:{4}
{3}total area:{4} 960 sq km
{3}land area:{4} 960 sq km
{3}comparative area:{4} more than five times the size of Washington, DC

{2}Land boundaries:{4} 0 km

{2}Coastline:{4} 209 km

{2}Maritime claims:{4} measured from claimed archipelagic baselines
{3}exclusive economic zone:{4} 200 nm
{3}territorial sea:{4} 12 nm

{2}International disputes:{4} none

{2}Climate:{4} tropical; hot, humid; one rainy season (October to May)

{2}Terrain:{4} volcanic, mountainous
{3}lowest point:{4} Atlantic Ocean 0 m
{3}highest point:{4} Pico de Sao Tome 2,024 m

{2}Natural resources:{4} fish

{2}Land use:{4}
{3}arable land:{4} 1%
{3}permanent crops:{4} 20%
{3}meadows and pastures:{4} 1%
{3}forest and woodland:{4} 75%
{3}other:{4} 3%

{2}Irrigated land:{4} NA sq km

{2}Environment:{4}
{3}current issues:{4} deforestation; soil erosion and exhaustion

{2}natural hazards:{4} NA

{2}international agreements:{4} party to - Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea; signed, but not
ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification


{1}People{4}

{2}Population:{4} 144,128 (July 1996 est.)

{2}Age structure:{4}
{3}0-14 years:{4} 40% (male 29,103; female 28,633)
{3}15-64 years:{4} 55% (male 39,749; female 39,960)
{3}65 years and over:{4} 5% (male 2,973; female 3,710) (July 1996 est.)

{2}Population growth rate:{4} 2.58% (1996 est.)

{2}Birth rate:{4} 34.39 births/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Death rate:{4} 8.55 deaths/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Net migration rate:{4} 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Sex ratio:{4}
{3}at birth:{4} 1.03 male(s)/female
{3}under 15 years:{4} 1.02 male(s)/female
{3}15-64 years:{4} 1 male(s)/female
{3}65 years and over:{4} 0.8 male(s)/female
{3}all ages:{4} 0.99 male(s)/female (1996 est.)

{2}Infant mortality rate:{4} 61.1 deaths/1,000 live births (1996 est.)

{2}Life expectancy at birth:{4}
{3}total population:{4} 63.87 years
{3}male:{4} 61.95 years
{3}female:{4} 65.83 years (1996 est.)

{2}Total fertility rate:{4} 4.33 children born/woman (1996 est.)

{2}Nationality:{4}
{3}noun:{4} Sao Tomean(s)
{3}adjective:{4} Sao Tomean

{2}Ethnic divisions:{4} mestico, angolares (descendants of Angolan slaves), forros (descendants of
freed slaves), servicais (contract laborers from Angola, Mozambique, and Cape Verde), tongas
(children of servicais born on the islands), Europeans (primarily Portuguese)

{2}Religions:{4} Roman Catholic, Evangelical Protestant, Seventh-Day Adventist

{2}Languages:{4} Portuguese (official)

{2}Literacy:{4} age 15 and over can read and write (1991 est.)
{3}total population:{4} 73%
{3}male:{4} 85%
{3}female:{4} 62%


{1}Government{4}

{2}Name of country:{4}
{3}conventional long form:{4} Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe
{3}conventional short form:{4} Sao Tome and Principe
{3}local long form:{4} Republica Democratica de Sao Tome e Principe
{3}local short form:{4} Sao Tome e Principe

{2}Type of government:{4} republic

{2}Capital:{4} Sao Tome

{2}Administrative divisions:{4} 2 districts (concelhos, singular - concelho); Principe, Sao Tome

{2}Independence:{4} 12 July 1975 (from Portugal)

{2}National holiday:{4} Independence Day, 12 July (1975)

{2}Constitution:{4} approved March 1990; effective 10 September 1990

{2}Legal system:{4} based on Portuguese law system and customary law; has not accepted compulsory
ICJ jurisdiction

{2}Suffrage:{4} 18 years of age; universal

{2}Executive branch:{4}
{3}chief of state:{4} President Miguel TROVOADA (since 4 April 1991) was elected for a five-year term
by universal suffrage; election last held 3 March 1991 (next to be held 30 June 1996); results -
Miguel TROVOADA was elected without opposition in Sao Tome's first multiparty presidential
election
{3}head of government:{4} Prime Minister Armindo UAZ de ALMEIDA (since 29 December 1995) was
appointed by the president
{3}cabinet:{4} Council of Ministers was appointed by the president on the proposal of the prime minister

{2}Legislative branch:{4} unicameral
National People's Assembly: (Assembleia Popular Nacional) parliament dissolved by President
TROVOADA in July 1994; early elections held 2 October 1994 (next to be held NA); results -
MLSTP 27%, PCD-GR 25.5%, ADI 25.5%; seats - (55 total) MLSTP 27, PCD-GR 14, ADI 14

{2}Judicial branch:{4} Supreme Court, judges are appointed by the National Peoples Assembly

{2}Political parties and leaders:{4} Party for Democratic Convergence-Reflection Group (PCD-GR),
Daniel Lima Dos Santos DAIO, secretary general; Movement for the Liberation of Sao Tome and
Principe (MLSTP), Carlos da GRACA; Christian Democratic Front (FDC), Alphonse Dos SANTOS;
Democratic Opposition Coalition (CODO), leader NA; Independent Democratic Action (ADI),
Patrice TROVOADA; other small parties

{2}International organization participation:{4} ACP, AfDB, CEEAC, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO,
ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, IOC, IOM
(observer), ITU, NAM, OAU, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
(applicant)

{2}Diplomatic representation in US:{4} Sao Tome and Principe does not have an embassy in the US,
but does have a Permanent Mission to the UN, headed by First Secretary Domingos AUGUSTO
Ferreira, located at 122 East 42nd Street, Suite 1604, New York, NY 10168, telephone [1] (212)
697-4211

{2}US diplomatic representation:{4} the US does not have an embassy in Sao Tome and Principe; the
Ambassador to Gabon is accredited to Sao Tome and Principe on a nonresident basis and makes
periodic visits to the islands

{2}Flag:{4} three horizontal bands of green (top), yellow (double width), and green with two black five-
pointed stars placed side by side in the center of the yellow band and a red isosceles triangle
based on the hoist side; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia


{1}Economy{4}

{2}Economic overview:{4} This small poor island economy has remained dependent on cocoa since
independence 20 years ago. Since then, however, cocoa production has gradually declined
because of drought and mismanagement, so that by 1987 annual output had fallen from 10,000
tons to 3,900 tons. As a result, a shortage of cocoa for export has created a serious balance-of-
payments problem. Production of less important crops, such as coffee, copra, and palm kernels,
has also declined. The value of imports generally exceeds that of exports by a ratio of 3 to 1 or
more. The emphasis on cocoa production at the expense of other food crops has meant that Sao
Tome has to import 90% of food needs. It also has to import all fuels and most manufactured
goods. Over the years, Sao Tome has been unable to service its external debt and has had to
depend on concessional aid and debt rescheduling. Considerable potential exists for development
of a tourist industry, and the government has taken steps to expand facilities in recent years. The
government also has attempted to reduce price controls and subsidies and to encourage market-
based mechanisms, e.g., to facilitate the distribution of imported food. Annual GDP growth has
hovered around 1.5% since 1991.

{2}GDP:{4} purchasing power parity - $138 million (1994 est.)

{2}GDP real growth rate:{4} 1.5% (1994 est.)

{2}GDP per capita:{4} $1,000 (1994 est.)

{2}GDP composition by sector:{4}
{3}agriculture:{4} 28%
{3}industry:{4} 14%
{3}services:{4} 58% (1994 est.)

{2}Inflation rate (consumer prices):{4} 38% (1994 est.)

{2}Labor force:{4} most of population mainly engaged in subsistence agriculture and fishing; shortages
of plantation labor and of skilled workers

{2}Unemployment rate:{4} NA%

{2}Budget:{4}
{3}revenues:{4} $58 million
{3}expenditures:{4} $114 million, including capital expenditures of $54 million (1993 est.)

{2}Industries:{4} light construction, textiles, soap, beer; fish processing; timber

{2}Industrial production growth rate:{4} 1% (1991)

{2}Electricity:{4}
{3}capacity:{4} 5,000 kW
{3}production:{4} 17 million kWh
{3}consumption per capita:{4} 105 kWh (1993)

{2}Agriculture:{4} cocoa, coconuts, palm kernels, copra, cinnamon, pepper, coffee, bananas, papaya,
beans; poultry; fish

{2}Exports:{4} $7.1 million (f.o.b., 1994 est.)
{3}commodities:{4} cocoa 85%-90%, copra, coffee, palm oil
{3}partners:{4} Netherlands, Germany, China, Portugal

{2}Imports:{4} $23.8 million (c.i.f., 1994 est.)
{3}commodities:{4} machinery and electrical equipment, food products, petroleum
{3}partners:{4} France, Belgium, Japan, Angola, Italy, US

{2}External debt:{4} $250 million (1995 est.)

{2}Economic aid:{4}
{3}recipient:{4} ODA, $NA

{2}Currency:{4} 1 dobra (Db) = 100 centimos

{2}Exchange rates:{4} dobras (Db) per US$1 - 1,610 (May 1995), 129.59 (1 July 1993), 230 (1992),
260.0 (November 1991), 122.48 (December 1988), 72.827 (1987)

{2}Fiscal year:{4} calendar year


{1}Transportation{4}

{2}Railways:{4} 0 km

{2}Highways:{4}
{3}total:{4} 298 km
{3}paved:{4} 198 km
{3}unpaved:{4} 100 km (1987 est.)
{3}note:{4} roads on Principe are mostly unpaved and in need of repair

{2}Ports:{4} Santo Antonio, Sao Tome

{2}Merchant marine:{4}
{3}total:{4} 1 cargo ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,096 GRT/1,105 DWT (1995 est.)

{2}Airports:{4}
{3}total:{4} 2
{3}with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m:{4} 1
{3}with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m:{4} 1 (1995 est.)


{1}Communications{4}

{2}Telephones:{4} 2,200 (1986 est.)

{2}Telephone system:{4}
{3}domestic:{4} minimal system
{3}international:{4} satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)

{2}Radio broadcast stations:{4} AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0

{2}Radios:{4} 33,000 (1992 est.)

{2}Television broadcast stations:{4} 1 (1992 est.)

{2}Televisions:{4} NA


{1}Defense{4}

{2}Branches:{4} Army, Navy, Security Police

{2}Manpower availability:{4}
{3}males age 15-49:{4} 34,986
{3}males fit for military service:{4} 18,343 (1996 est.)

{2}Defense expenditures:{4} $NA, NA% of GDP