Axion 3D Atlas/ATLAS.iso/stats/192.txt

Text File | 1998-01-23 | 14KB | 342 lines

{bitmap= 26,50,"flags\Portuga.bmp"}
{bigtext=150,120,"Portugal"}



{1}Geography{4}
{4}To see a map of Portugal, click {z,"-11.894726,36.876497,-4.074901,42.921991",here}{4}!

{2}Location:{4} Southwestern Europe, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Spain

{2}Area:{4}
{3}total area:{4} 92,080 sq km
{3}land area:{4} 91,640 sq km
{3}comparative area:{4} slightly smaller than Indiana
{3}note:{4} includes Azores and Madeira Islands

{2}Land boundaries:{4}
{3}total:{4} 1,214 km
border country: Spain 1,214 km

{2}Coastline:{4} 1,793 km

{2}Maritime claims:{4}
{3}continental shelf:{4} 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
{3}exclusive economic zone:{4} 200 nm
{3}territorial sea:{4} 12 nm

{2}International disputes:{4} sovereignty over Timor Timur (East Timor Province) disputed with
Indonesia and not recognized by the UN

{2}Climate:{4} maritime temperate; cool and rainy in north, warmer and drier in south

{2}Terrain:{4} mountainous north of the Tagus, rolling plains in south
{3}lowest point:{4} Atlantic Ocean 0 m
{3}highest point:{4} Ponta do Pico in Azores 2,351 m

{2}Natural resources:{4} fish, forests (cork), tungsten, iron ore, uranium ore, marble

{2}Land use:{4}
{3}arable land:{4} 32%
{3}permanent crops:{4} 6%
{3}meadows and pastures:{4} 6%
{3}forest and woodland:{4} 40%
{3}other:{4} 16%

{2}Irrigated land:{4} 6,340 sq km (1989 est.)

{2}Environment:{4}
{3}current issues:{4} soil erosion; air pollution caused by industrial and vehicle emissions; water
pollution, especially in coastal areas

{2}natural hazards:{4} Azores subject to severe earthquakes

{2}international agreements:{4} party to - Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered
Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection,
Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands; signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Volatile
Organic Compounds, Desertification, Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test
Ban

{2}Geographic note:{4} Azores and Madeira Islands occupy strategic locations along western sea
approaches to Strait of Gibraltar


{1}People{4}

{2}Population:{4} 9,865,114 (July 1996 est.)

{2}Age structure:{4}
{3}0-14 years:{4} 18% (male 888,157; female 843,309)
{3}15-64 years:{4} 68% (male 3,249,973; female 3,414,793)
{3}65 years and over:{4} 14% (male 601,913; female 866,969) (July 1996 est.)

{2}Population growth rate:{4} 0.02% (1996 est.)

{2}Birth rate:{4} 10.53 births/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Death rate:{4} 10.2 deaths/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Net migration rate:{4} -0.18 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Sex ratio:{4}
{3}at birth:{4} 1.06 male(s)/female
{3}under 15 years:{4} 1.05 male(s)/female
{3}15-64 years:{4} 0.95 male(s)/female
{3}65 years and over:{4} 0.69 male(s)/female
{3}all ages:{4} 0.92 male(s)/female (1996 est.)

{2}Infant mortality rate:{4} 7.6 deaths/1,000 live births (1996 est.)

{2}Life expectancy at birth:{4}
{3}total population:{4} 75.31 years
{3}male:{4} 71.52 years
{3}female:{4} 79.31 years (1996 est.)

{2}Total fertility rate:{4} 1.36 children born/woman (1996 est.)

{2}Nationality:{4}
{3}noun:{4} Portuguese (singular and plural)
{3}adjective:{4} Portuguese

{2}Ethnic divisions:{4} homogeneous Mediterranean stock in mainland, Azores, Madeira Islands;
citizens of black African descent who immigrated to mainland during decolonization number less
than 100,000

{2}Religions:{4} Roman Catholic 97%, Protestant denominations 1%, other 2%

{2}Languages:{4} Portuguese

{2}Literacy:{4} age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.)
{3}total population:{4} 85%
{3}male:{4} 89%
{3}female:{4} 82%


{1}Government{4}

{2}Name of country:{4}
{3}conventional long form:{4} Portuguese Republic
{3}conventional short form:{4} Portugal
{3}local long form:{4} Republica Portuguesa
{3}local short form:{4} Portugal

{2}Type of government:{4} republic

{2}Capital:{4} Lisbon

{2}Administrative divisions:{4} 18 districts (distritos, singular - distrito) and 2 autonomous regions*
(regioes autonomas, singular - regiao autonoma); Aveiro, Acores (Azores)*, Beja, Braga,
Braganca, Castelo Branco, Coimbra, Evora, Faro, Guarda, Leiria, Lisboa, Madeira*, Portalegre,
Porto, Santarem, Setubal, Viana do Castelo, Vila Real, Viseu
Dependent areas: Macau (scheduled to become a Special Administrative Region of China on 20
December 1999)

{2}Independence:{4} 1140 (independent republic proclaimed 5 October 1910)

{2}National holiday:{4} Day of Portugal, 10 June (1580)

{2}Constitution:{4} 25 April 1976, revised 30 October 1982 and 1 June 1989

{2}Legal system:{4} civil law system; the Constitutional Tribunal reviews the constitutionality of
legislation; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations

{2}Suffrage:{4} 18 years of age; universal

{2}Executive branch:{4}
{3}chief of state:{4} President Jorge SAMPAIO (since 9 March 1996) was elected for a five-year term by
universal suffrage; election last held 14 January 1996 (next to be held NA January 2001); results -
Jorge SAMPAIO (Socialist) 53.8%, Anibal CAVACO SILVA (Conservative) 46.2%
{3}head of government:{4} Prime Minister Antonio Manuel de Oliviera GUTERRES (since 28 October
1995) was appointed by the president following the October 1995 legislative elections
Council of State: acts as a consultative body to the president
{3}cabinet:{4} Council of Ministers was appointed by the president on recommendation of the prime
minister

{2}Legislative branch:{4} unicameral
Assembly of the Republic (Assembleia da Republica): elections last held 1 October 1995 (next to
be held NA October 1999); results - PSD 34.0%, PS 43.8%, CDU 8.6%, CDS/PP 9.1%; seats -
(230 total) PSD 88, PS 112, CDU 15, CDS/PP 15

{2}Judicial branch:{4} Supreme Court (Supremo Tribunal de Justica), judges appointed for life by the
Conselho Superior da Magistratura

{2}Political parties and leaders:{4} Social Democratic Party (PSD), Marcelo Rebelo DE SOUSA;
Portuguese Socialist Party (PS), Antonio GUTERRES; Party of Democratic Renewal (PRD),
Pedro CANAVARRO; Portuguese Communist Party (PCP), Carlos CARVALHAS; Social
Democratic Center (CDS), Manuel MONTEIRO; National Solidarity Party (PSN), Manuel SERGIO;
Center Democratic Party (CDS); United Democratic Coalition (CDU; communists)

{2}International organization participation:{4} AfDB, Australia Group, BIS, CCC, CE, CERN, EBRD,
ECE, ECLAC, EIB, EU, FAO, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC,
IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, LAIA (observer), MTCR,
NACC, NAM (guest), NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OSCE, PCA, UN, UNAVEM III,
UNCRO, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNPREDEP, UNPROFOR, UPU, WCL, WEU, WFTU,
WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO, ZC

{2}Diplomatic representation in US:{4}
{3}chief of mission:{4} Ambassador Fernando Antonio de Lacerda ANDRESEN GUIMARAES
{3}chancery:{4} 2125 Kalorama Road NW, Washington, DC 20008
{3}telephone:{4} [1] [phone]
{3}FAX:{4} [1] [phone]
{3}consulate(s) general:{4} Boston, New York, Newark (New Jersey), and San Francisco
consulate(s): Los Angeles, New Bedford (Massachusetts), Providence (Rhode Island)

{2}US diplomatic representation:{4}
{3}chief of mission:{4} Ambassador Elizabeth Frawley BAGLEY
{3}embassy:{4} Avenida das Forcas Armadas, 1600 Lisbon
{3}mailing address:{4} PSC 83, APO AE 09726
{3}telephone:{4} [351] (1) 7266600, 7266659, 7268670, 7268880
{3}FAX:{4} [351] (1) 7269109
consulate(s): Ponta Delgada (Azores)

{2}Flag:{4} two vertical bands of green (hoist side, two-fifths) and red (three-fifths) with the Portuguese
coat of arms centered on the dividing line


{1}Economy{4}

{2}Economic overview:{4} Portugal's short-term economic fundamentals are strong - the economy grew
by 2.8% in 1995, with similar growth expected in 1996 and 1997, and unemployment is among the
lowest in the EU. The Socialist government has pledged its dedication both to meeting the
Maastricht monetary convergence criteria and to increasing social spending, including provision of
a guaranteed minimum income. The government's 1996 budget, passed in March 1996, includes a
budget deficit target of 4.2%, to be attained largely through cuts in non-social-service government
spending and income from an ambitious privatization program. As for the long run, Portugal hopes
for a steady modernization of its capital plant, its work force, and its infrastructure in order to
catch up with the productivity and income levels of the Big Four economies of Western Europe.

{2}GDP:{4} purchasing power parity - $116.2 billion (1995 est.)

{2}GDP real growth rate:{4} 2.8% (1995 est.)

{2}GDP per capita:{4} $11,000 (1995 est.)

{2}GDP composition by sector:{4}
{3}agriculture:{4} 6%
{3}industry:{4} 35.8%
{3}services:{4} 58.2% (1995 est.)

{2}Inflation rate (consumer prices):{4} 4.6% (1995 est.)

{2}Labor force:{4} 4.24 million (1994 est.)
{3}by occupation:{4} services 54.5%, manufacturing 24.4%, agriculture, forestry, fisheries 11.2%,
construction 8.3%, utilities 1.0%, mining 0.5% (1992)

{2}Unemployment rate:{4} 7.1% (1995 est.)

{2}Budget:{4}
{3}revenues:{4} $31 billion
{3}expenditures:{4} $41 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1994)

{2}Industries:{4} textiles and footwear; wood pulp, paper, and cork; metalworking; oil refining;
chemicals; fish canning; wine; tourism

{2}Industrial production growth rate:{4} 2.1% (1995 est.)

{2}Electricity:{4}
{3}capacity:{4} 8,220,000 kW
{3}production:{4} 29.5 billion kWh
{3}consumption per capita:{4} 2,642 kWh (1993)

{2}Agriculture:{4} grain, potatoes, olives, grapes; sheep, cattle, goats, poultry, meat, dairy products

{2}Illicit drugs:{4} important gateway country for Latin American cocaine entering the European market;
transshipment point for hashish from North Africa to Europe

{2}Exports:{4} $18.9 billion (f.o.b., 1995)
{3}commodities:{4} clothing and footwear, machinery, cork and paper products, hides
{3}partners:{4} EU 75.1%, other developed countries 12.4% (US 5.2%) (1995)

{2}Imports:{4} $24.1 billion (c.i.f., 1995)
{3}commodities:{4} machinery and transport equipment, agricultural products, chemicals, petroleum,
textiles
{3}partners:{4} EU 71%, other developed countries 10.9% (US 2.5%), less developed countries 12.9%
(1995)

{2}External debt:{4} $11.8 billion (1995 est.)

{2}Economic aid:{4}
donor: ODA, $248 million (1993)
{3}recipient:{4} ODA, $70 million (1993)

{2}Currency:{4} 1 Portuguese escudo (Esc) = 100 centavos

{2}Exchange rates:{4} Portuguese escudos (Esc) per US$1 - 151.61 (January 1996), 149.97 (1995),
165.99 (1994), 160.80 (1993), 135.00 (1992), 144.48 (1991)

{2}Fiscal year:{4} calendar year


{1}Transportation{4}

{2}Railways:{4}
{3}total:{4} 3,068 km
{3}broad gauge:{4} 2,761 km 1.668-m gauge (464 km electrified; 426 km double track)
narrow gauge: 307 km 1.000-m gauge
{3}note:{4} in 1992, Portugal had 3,588 km of track of which 464 km were electrified

{2}Highways:{4}
{3}total:{4} 70,176 km (statistics for continental Portugal only)
{3}paved:{4} 60,351 km (including 519 km of expressways)
{3}unpaved:{4} 9,825 km (1992 est.)

{2}Waterways:{4} 820 km navigable; relatively unimportant to national economy, used by shallow-draft
craft limited to 300 metric-ton cargo capacity

{2}Pipelines:{4} crude oil 22 km; petroleum products 58 km

{2}Ports:{4} Aveiro, Funchal (Madeira Islands), Horta (Azores), Leixoes, Lisbon, Porto, Ponta Delgada
(Azores), Praia da Vitoria (Azores), Setubal, Viana do Castelo

{2}Merchant marine:{4}
{3}total:{4} 72 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 795,725 GRT/1,418,538 DWT
{3}ships by type:{4} bulk 7, cargo 35, chemical tanker 5, container 5, liquefied gas tanker 4, oil tanker
12, passenger-cargo 1, refrigerated cargo 1, roll-on/roll-off cargo 1, short-sea passenger 1
{3}note:{4} Portugal has created a captive register on Madeira for Portuguese-owned ships; ships on the
Madeira Register (MAR) will have taxation and crewing benefits of a flag of convenience; Portugal
owns an additional 25 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 155,776 DWT operating under the
registries of Panama and Malta (1995 est.)

{2}Airports:{4}
{3}total:{4} 67
{3}with paved runways over 3,047 m:{4} 5
{3}with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m:{4} 8
{3}with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m:{4} 3
{3}with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m:{4} 18
{3}with paved runways under 914 m:{4} 30
{3}with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m:{4} 3 (1995 est.)


{1}Communications{4}

{2}Telephones:{4} 2,236,411 (1993 est.)

{2}Telephone system:{4}
{3}domestic:{4} generally adequate integrated network of coaxial cables, open wire, microwave radio
relay, and domestic satellite earth stations
{3}international:{4} 6 submarine cables; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (2 Atlantic Ocean and 1
Indian Ocean), NA Eutelsat; tropospheric scatter to Azores; note - an earth station for Inmarsat
(Atlantic Ocean Region) is planned

{2}Radio broadcast stations:{4} AM 57, FM 66 (repeaters 22), shortwave 0

{2}Radios:{4} 2.2 million (1993 est.)

{2}Television broadcast stations:{4} 66 (repeaters 23)

{2}Televisions:{4} 2,970,892 (1993 est.)


{1}Defense{4}

{2}Branches:{4} Army, Navy (includes Marines), Air Force, National Republican Guard, Fiscal Guard,
Public Security Police

{2}Manpower availability:{4}
{3}males age 15-49:{4} 2,498,965
{3}males fit for military service:{4} 2,014,653
males reach military age (20) annually: 83,427 (1996 est.)

{2}Defense expenditures:{4} exchange rate conversion - $1.9 billion, 2.4% of GDP (1995)