Axion 3D Atlas/ATLAS.iso/stats/164.txt

Text File | 1998-01-23 | 11KB | 315 lines

{bitmap= 26,50,"flags\Mozambi.bmp"}
{bigtext=150,120,"Mozambique"}



{1}Geography{4}
{4}To see a map of Mozambique, click {z,"25.299112,-26.675134,47.008604,-10.084839",here}{4}!

{2}Location:{4} Southern Africa, bordering the Mozambique Channel, between South Africa and
Tanzania

{2}Area:{4}
{3}total area:{4} 801,590 sq km
{3}land area:{4} 784,090 sq km
{3}comparative area:{4} slightly less than twice the size of California

{2}Land boundaries:{4}
{3}total:{4} 4,571 km
{3}border countries:{4} Malawi 1,569 km, South Africa 491 km, Swaziland 105 km, Tanzania 756 km,
Zambia 419 km, Zimbabwe 1,231 km

{2}Coastline:{4} 2,470 km

{2}Maritime claims:{4}
{3}exclusive economic zone:{4} 200 nm
{3}territorial sea:{4} 12 nm

{2}International disputes:{4} none

{2}Climate:{4} tropical to subtropical

{2}Terrain:{4} mostly coastal lowlands, uplands in center, high plateaus in northwest, mountains in west
{3}lowest point:{4} Indian Ocean 0 m
{3}highest point:{4} Monte Binga 2,436 m

{2}Natural resources:{4} coal, titanium, natural gas

{2}Land use:{4}
{3}arable land:{4} 4%
{3}permanent crops:{4} 0%
{3}meadows and pastures:{4} 56%
{3}forest and woodland:{4} 20%
{3}other:{4} 20%

{2}Irrigated land:{4} 1,150 sq km (1989 est.)

{2}Environment:{4}
{3}current issues:{4} civil strife and recurrent drought in the hinterlands have resulted in increased
migration to urban and coastal areas with adverse environmental consequences; desertification;
pollution of surface and coastal waters

{2}natural hazards:{4} severe droughts and floods occur in central and southern provinces; devastating
cyclones

{2}international agreements:{4} party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Ozone
Layer Protection; signed, but not ratified - Desertification, Law of the Sea


{1}People{4}

{2}Population:{4} 17,877,927 (July 1996 est.)

{2}Age structure:{4}
{3}0-14 years:{4} 46% (male 4,141,915; female 4,115,191)
{3}15-64 years:{4} 51% (male 4,324,102; female 4,868,518)
{3}65 years and over:{4} 3% (male 184,606; female 243,595) (July 1996 est.)

{2}Population growth rate:{4} 2.65% (1996 est.)

{2}Birth rate:{4} 45.51 births/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Death rate:{4} 18.97 deaths/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Net migration rate:{4} 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1996 est.)
{3}note:{4} by the end of 1994, an estimated 1.6 million Mozambican refugees, who fled to Malawi,
Zimbabwe, and South Africa in earlier years from the civil war, had returned; an estimated
100,000 refugees remain to be repatriated from those countries

{2}Sex ratio:{4}
{3}at birth:{4} 1.03 male(s)/female
{3}under 15 years:{4} 1.01 male(s)/female
{3}15-64 years:{4} 0.89 male(s)/female
{3}65 years and over:{4} 0.76 male(s)/female
{3}all ages:{4} 0.94 male(s)/female (1996 est.)

{2}Infant mortality rate:{4} 125.6 deaths/1,000 live births (1996 est.)

{2}Life expectancy at birth:{4}
{3}total population:{4} 44.34 years
{3}male:{4} 43.21 years
{3}female:{4} 45.5 years (1996 est.)

{2}Total fertility rate:{4} 6.23 children born/woman (1996 est.)

{2}Nationality:{4}
{3}noun:{4} Mozambican(s)
{3}adjective:{4} Mozambican

{2}Ethnic divisions:{4} indigenous tribal groups 99.66% (Shangaan, Chokwe, Manyika, Sena, Makua,
and others), Europeans 0.06%, Euro-Africans 0.2%, Indians 0.08%

{2}Religions:{4} indigenous beliefs 50%, Christian 30%, Muslim 20%

{2}Languages:{4} Portuguese (official), indigenous dialects

{2}Literacy:{4} age 15 and over can read and write (1995 est.)
{3}total population:{4} 40.1%
{3}male:{4} 57.7%
{3}female:{4} 23.3%


{1}Government{4}

{2}Name of country:{4}
{3}conventional long form:{4} Republic of Mozambique
{3}conventional short form:{4} Mozambique
{3}local long form:{4} Republica Popular de Mocambique
{3}local short form:{4} Mocambique

{2}Type of government:{4} republic

{2}Capital:{4} Maputo

{2}Administrative divisions:{4} 10 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Cabo Delgado, Gaza,
Inhambane, Manica, Maputo, Nampula, Niassa, Sofala, Tete, Zambezia

{2}Independence:{4} 25 June 1975 (from Portugal)

{2}National holiday:{4} Independence Day, 25 June (1975)

{2}Constitution:{4} 30 November 1990

{2}Legal system:{4} based on Portuguese civil law system and customary law

{2}Suffrage:{4} 18 years of age; universal

{2}Executive branch:{4}
{3}chief of state:{4} President Joaquim Alberto CHISSANO (since 6 November 1986) was elected for a
five-year term by popular vote
{3}head of government:{4} Prime Minister Pascoal MOCUMBI (since December 1994) was appointed by
the president
{3}cabinet:{4} Cabinet

{2}Legislative branch:{4} unicameral
Assembly of the Republic (Assembleia da Republica): the members are elected by direct,
universal, adult suffrage on a secret ballot for a term of five years; election last held 27-29
October 1994 (next to be held NA October 1999); results - percent vote by party NA, seats (250
total) FRELIMO won a slim majority
{3}note:{4} the presidential and legislative elections took place as called for in the 1992 peace accords;
RENAMO participated in the elections

{2}Judicial branch:{4} Supreme Court, judges appointed by the president and judges elected by the
Assembly

{2}Political parties and leaders:{4} Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (FRELIMO), Joaquim Alberto
CHISSANO, chairman; Mozambique National Resistance (RENAMO), Afonso DHLAKAMA,
president; Democratic Union (DU), Antonio PALANGE, General Secretary

{2}International organization participation:{4} ACP, AfDB, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM,
IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarset, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer),
ITU, NAM, OAU, OIC, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WMO,
WTrO

{2}Diplomatic representation in US:{4}
{3}chief of mission:{4} Ambassador Hipolito Pereira Zozimo PATRICIO
{3}chancery:{4} Suite 570, 1990 M Street NW, Washington, DC 20036
{3}telephone:{4} [1] [phone]
{3}FAX:{4} [1] [phone]

{2}US diplomatic representation:{4}
{3}chief of mission:{4} Ambassador Dennis Coleman JETT
{3}embassy:{4} Avenida Kenneth Kuanda 193, Maputo
{3}mailing address:{4} P. O. Box 783, Maputo
{3}telephone:{4} [258] (1) 492797
{3}FAX:{4} [258] (1) 490114

{2}Flag:{4} three equal horizontal bands of green (top), black, and yellow with a red isosceles triangle
based on the hoist side; the black band is edged in white; centered in the triangle is a yellow five-
pointed star bearing a crossed rifle and hoe in black superimposed on an open white book


{1}Economy{4}

{2}Economic overview:{4} One of Africa's poorest countries, Mozambique has failed to exploit the
economic potential of its sizable agricultural, hydropower, and transportation resources. Indeed,
national output, consumption, and investment declined throughout the first half of the 1980s
because of internal disorders, lack of government administrative control, and a growing foreign
debt. A sharp increase in foreign aid, attracted by an economic reform policy, resulted in
successive years of economic growth in the late 1980s, but aid has declined steadily since 1989.
Agricultural output is at only 75% of its 1981 level, and grain has to be imported. Industry
operates at only 20%-40% of capacity. The economy depends heavily on foreign assistance to
keep afloat. Peace accords between civil warring factions, signed in October 1992, improved
chances of foreign investment, aided IMF-supported economic reforms, and supported continued
economic recovery. Elections held in 1994 diverted government attention from the economy,
resulting in slippage and delays in the economic reform program. Nonetheless, growth continued
in 1994-95, and the economy should move forward in the late 1990s, given continued foreign help
in meeting debt obligations. One key event in 1995 was the conclusion of negotiations with Enron
of Houston, Texas, for a $700 million project to exploit the Pande natural gas fields.

{2}GDP:{4} purchasing power parity - $12.2 billion (1995 est.)

{2}GDP real growth rate:{4} -2.5% (1995 est.)

{2}GDP per capita:{4} $700 (1995 est.)

{2}GDP composition by sector:{4}
{3}agriculture:{4} 33%
{3}industry:{4} 12%
{3}services:{4} 55% (1993 est.)

{2}Inflation rate (consumer prices):{4} 50% (1994 est.)

{2}Labor force:{4} NA
{3}by occupation:{4} 90% engaged in agriculture

{2}Unemployment rate:{4} 50% (1989 est.)

{2}Budget:{4}
{3}revenues:{4} $252 million
{3}expenditures:{4} $607 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1992 est.)

{2}Industries:{4} food, beverages, chemicals (fertilizer, soap, paints), petroleum products, textiles,
cement, glass, asbestos, tobacco

{2}Industrial production growth rate:{4} 5.8% (1993 est.)

{2}Electricity:{4}
{3}capacity:{4} 2,360,000 kW
{3}production:{4} 1.7 billion kWh
{3}consumption per capita:{4} 58 kWh (1993)

{2}Agriculture:{4} cotton, cashew nuts, sugarcane, tea, cassava (tapioca), corn, rice, tropical fruits;
beef, poultry

{2}Exports:{4} $170 million (f.o.b., 1995 est.)
{3}commodities:{4} shrimp 40%, cashews, cotton, sugar, copra, citrus
{3}partners:{4} Spain, South Africa, US, Portugal, Japan

{2}Imports:{4} $1.14 billion (c.i.f., 1994 est.)
{3}commodities:{4} food, clothing, farm equipment, petroleum
{3}partners:{4} South Africa, UK, France, Japan, Portugal

{2}External debt:{4} $5 billion (1992 est.)

{2}Economic aid:{4}
{3}recipient:{4} ODA, $NA

{2}Currency:{4} 1 metical (Mt) = 100 centavos

{2}Exchange rates:{4} meticais (Mt) per US$1 - 10,908.0 (December 1995), 9,024.3 (1995), 6,038.6
(1994), 3,874.2 (1993), 2,516.5 (1992), 1,434.5 (1991)

{2}Fiscal year:{4} calendar year


{1}Transportation{4}

{2}Railways:{4}
{3}total:{4} 3,131 km
narrow gauge: 2,988 km 1.067-m gauge; 143 km 0.762-m gauge (1994)

{2}Highways:{4}
{3}total:{4} 27,287 km
{3}paved:{4} 4,693 km
{3}unpaved:{4} 22,594 km (1991 est.)
{3}note:{4} highway traffic impeded by land mines not removed at end of civil war

{2}Waterways:{4} about 3,750 km of navigable routes

{2}Pipelines:{4} crude oil (not operating) 306 km; petroleum products 289 km

{2}Ports:{4} Beira, Inhambane, Maputo, Nacala, Pemba

{2}Merchant marine:{4}
{3}total:{4} 4 cargo ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,694 GRT/9,724 DWT (1995 est.)

{2}Airports:{4}
{3}total:{4} 131
{3}with paved runways over 3,047 m:{4} 1
{3}with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m:{4} 4
{3}with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m:{4} 10
{3}with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m:{4} 5
{3}with paved runways under 914 m:{4} 67
{3}with unpaved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m:{4} 12
{3}with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m:{4} 32 (1995 est.)


{1}Communications{4}

{2}Telephones:{4} 59,000 (1983 est.)

{2}Telephone system:{4} fair system of tropospheric scatter, open-wire lines, and microwave radio relay
{3}domestic:{4} microwave radio relay and tropospheric scatter
{3}international:{4} satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (2 Atlantic Ocean and 3 Indian Ocean)

{2}Radio broadcast stations:{4} AM 29, FM 4, shortwave 0

{2}Radios:{4} 700,000 (1992 est.)

{2}Television broadcast stations:{4} 1

{2}Televisions:{4} 44,000 (1992 est.)


{1}Defense{4}

{2}Branches:{4} Army, Naval Command, Air and Air Defense Forces, Militia

{2}Manpower availability:{4}
{3}males age 15-49:{4} 3,767,855
{3}males fit for military service:{4} 2,162,388 (1996 est.)

{2}Defense expenditures:{4} exchange rate conversion - $84 million, 5.3% of GDP (1994)