Axion 3D Atlas/ATLAS.iso/stats/141.txt

Text File | 1998-01-23 | 11KB | 311 lines

{bitmap= 26,50,"flags\Luxembo.bmp"}
{bigtext=150,120,"Luxembourg"}



{1}Geography{4}
{4}To see a map of Luxembourg, click {z,"2.989655,47.595170,11.048900,54.049120",here}{4}!

{2}Location:{4} Western Europe, between France and Germany

{2}Area:{4}
{3}total area:{4} 2,586 sq km
{3}land area:{4} 2,586 sq km
{3}comparative area:{4} slightly smaller than Rhode Island

{2}Land boundaries:{4}
{3}total:{4} 359 km
{3}border countries:{4} Belgium 148 km, France 73 km, Germany 138 km

{2}Coastline:{4} 0 km (landlocked)

{2}Maritime claims:{4} none (landlocked)

{2}International disputes:{4} none

{2}Climate:{4} modified continental with mild winters, cool summers

{2}Terrain:{4} mostly gently rolling uplands with broad, shallow valleys; uplands to slightly mountainous
in the north; steep slope down to Moselle floodplain in the southeast
{3}lowest point:{4} Moselle River 133 m
{3}highest point:{4} Burgplatz 559 m

{2}Natural resources:{4} iron ore (no longer exploited)

{2}Land use:{4}
{3}arable land:{4} 24%
{3}permanent crops:{4} 1%
{3}meadows and pastures:{4} 20%
{3}forest and woodland:{4} 21%
{3}other:{4} 34%

{2}Irrigated land:{4} NA sq km

{2}Environment:{4}
{3}current issues:{4} deforestation; air and water pollution in urban areas

{2}natural hazards:{4} NA

{2}international agreements:{4} party to - Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-
Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered
Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship
Pollution, Tropical Timber 83; signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Desertification,
Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea

{2}Geographic note:{4} landlocked


{1}People{4}

{2}Population:{4} 415,870 (July 1996 est.)

{2}Age structure:{4}
{3}0-14 years:{4} 18% (male 39,199; female 37,239)
{3}15-64 years:{4} 68% (male 142,394; female 138,349)
{3}65 years and over:{4} 14% (male 23,118; female 35,571) (July 1996 est.)

{2}Population growth rate:{4} 1.57% (1996 est.)

{2}Birth rate:{4} 13.14 births/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Death rate:{4} 8.32 deaths/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Net migration rate:{4} 10.93 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Sex ratio:{4}
{3}at birth:{4} 1.09 male(s)/female
{3}under 15 years:{4} 1.05 male(s)/female
{3}15-64 years:{4} 1.03 male(s)/female
{3}65 years and over:{4} 0.65 male(s)/female
{3}all ages:{4} 0.97 male(s)/female (1996 est.)

{2}Infant mortality rate:{4} 4.7 deaths/1,000 live births (1996 est.)

{2}Life expectancy at birth:{4}
{3}total population:{4} 78.26 years
{3}male:{4} 75.24 years
{3}female:{4} 81.56 years (1996 est.)

{2}Total fertility rate:{4} 1.76 children born/woman (1996 est.)

{2}Nationality:{4}
{3}noun:{4} Luxembourger(s)
{3}adjective:{4} Luxembourg

{2}Ethnic divisions:{4} Celtic base (with French and German blend), Portuguese, Italian, and European
(guest and worker residents)

{2}Religions:{4} Roman Catholic 97%, Protestant and Jewish 3%

{2}Languages:{4} Luxembourgisch, German, French, English

{2}Literacy:{4} age 15 and over can read and write (1980 est.)
{3}total population:{4} 100%
{3}male:{4} 100%
{3}female:{4} 100%


{1}Government{4}

{2}Name of country:{4}
{3}conventional long form:{4} Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
{3}conventional short form:{4} Luxembourg
{3}local long form:{4} Grand-Duche de Luxembourg
{3}local short form:{4} Luxembourg

{2}Type of government:{4} constitutional monarchy

{2}Capital:{4} Luxembourg

{2}Administrative divisions:{4} 3 districts; Diekirch, Grevenmacher, Luxembourg

{2}Independence:{4} 1839

{2}National holiday:{4} National Day, 23 June (1921) (public celebration of the Grand Duke's birthday)

{2}Constitution:{4} 17 October 1868, occasional revisions

{2}Legal system:{4} based on civil law system; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

{2}Suffrage:{4} 18 years of age; universal and compulsory

{2}Executive branch:{4}
{3}chief of state:{4} Grand Duke JEAN (since 12 November 1964) is a hereditary monarch; Heir
Apparent Prince HENRI (son of Grand Duke JEAN, born 16 April 1955)
{3}head of government:{4} Prime Minister Jean-Claude JUNCKER (since 1 January 1995) and Vice
Prime Minister Jacques F. POOS (since 21 July 1984) were appointed by the sovereign but are
responsible to the legislature
{3}cabinet:{4} Council of Ministers was appointed by the sovereign, responsible to the legislature

{2}Legislative branch:{4} unicameral
Chamber of Deputies (Chambre des Deputes): elections last held 12 June 1994 (next to be held
by June 1999); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (60 total) CSV 21, LSAP 17, DP 12,
Action Committee for Democracy and Pension Rights 5, Greens 5
{3}note:{4} the Council of State (Conseil d'Etat) is an advisory body whose views are considered by the
Chamber of Deputies

{2}Judicial branch:{4} Superior Court of Justice (Cour Superieure de Justice), judges are appointed for
life by the Grand Duke

{2}Political parties and leaders:{4} Christian Social People's Party (CSV), Erna HENNICOT-
SCHOEPGES; Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party (LSAP), Ben FAYOT; Democratic Party
(DP), Henri GRETHEN; Action Committee for Democracy and Pension Rights, Roby MEHLEN;
the Green Alternative, Abbes JACOBY; other minor parties

{2}Other political or pressure groups:{4} group of steel companies representing iron and steel industry;
Centrale Paysanne representing agricultural producers; Christian and Socialist labor unions;
Federation of Industrialists; Artisans and Shopkeepers Federation

{2}International organization participation:{4} ACCT, Australia Group, Benelux, CCC, CE, EBRD, ECE,
EIB, EU, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF,
IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITU, MTCR, NACC, NATO, NEA, NSG, OECD, OSCE, PCA,
UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WEU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO, ZC

{2}Diplomatic representation in US:{4}
{3}chief of mission:{4} Ambassador Alphonse BERNS
{3}chancery:{4} 2200 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
{3}telephone:{4} [1] [phone]
{3}FAX:{4} [1] [phone]
{3}consulate(s) general:{4} New York and San Francisco

{2}US diplomatic representation:{4}
{3}chief of mission:{4} Ambassador Clay CONSTANTINOU
{3}embassy:{4} 22 Boulevard Emmanuel-Servais, 2535 Luxembourg City
{3}mailing address:{4} American Embassy Luxembourg, Unit 1410, APO AE 09126-1410 (official mail);
American Embassy Luxembourg, PSC 9, Box 9500, APO AE 09123 (personal mail)
{3}telephone:{4} [352] 46 01 23
{3}FAX:{4} [352] 46 14 01

{2}Flag:{4} three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and light blue; similar to the flag of the
Netherlands, which uses a darker blue and is shorter; design was based on the flag of France


{1}Economy{4}

{2}Economic overview:{4} The stable, prosperous economy features moderate growth, low inflation, and
negligible unemployment. Agriculture is based on small but highly productive family-owned farms.
The industrial sector, until recently dominated by steel, has become increasingly more diversified,
particularly toward high-technology firms. During the past decade, growth in the financial sector
has more than compensated for the decline in steel. Services, especially banking, account for a
growing proportion of the economy. Luxembourg participates in an economic union with Belgium
on trade and most financial matters, is also closely connected economically to the Netherlands,
and, as a member of the EU, enjoys the advantages of the open European market.

{2}GDP:{4} purchasing power parity - $10 billion (1995 est.)

{2}GDP real growth rate:{4} 2.6% (1995 est.)

{2}GDP per capita:{4} $24,800 (1995 est.)

{2}GDP composition by sector:{4}
{3}agriculture:{4} 1.4%
{3}industry:{4} 33.7%
{3}services:{4} 64.9% (1994)

{2}Inflation rate (consumer prices):{4} 3.6% (1992)

{2}Labor force:{4} 200,400 (1992) (one-third of labor force is foreign workers, mostly from Portugal,
Italy, France, Belgium, and Germany)
{3}by occupation:{4} trade, restaurants, hotels 20%, mining, quarrying, manufacturing 18%, other
market services 17%, community, social, personal services 14%, construction 11%, finance,
insurance, real estate, business services 9%, transport, storage, communications 7%, agriculture,
hunting, forestry, fishing 3%, electricity, gas, water 1%

{2}Unemployment rate:{4} 2.5% (1995)

{2}Budget:{4}
{3}revenues:{4} $4 billion
{3}expenditures:{4} $4.05 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1994 est.)

{2}Industries:{4} banking, iron and steel, food processing, chemicals, metal products, engineering, tires,
glass, aluminum

{2}Industrial production growth rate:{4} NA%

{2}Electricity:{4}
{3}capacity:{4} 1,238,750 kW
{3}production:{4} 1.374 billion kWh
{3}consumption per capita:{4} 3,395 kWh (1993)

{2}Agriculture:{4} barley, oats, potatoes, wheat, fruits, wine grapes; livestock products

{2}Exports:{4} $5.9 million (f.o.b., 1993 est.)
{3}commodities:{4} finished steel products, chemicals, rubber products, glass, aluminum, other
industrial products
{3}partners:{4} Germany 28%, France 18%, Belgium 15%, UK 7%, Netherlands 5%

{2}Imports:{4} $7.5 million (c.i.f., 1993 est.)
{3}commodities:{4} minerals, metals, foodstuffs, quality consumer goods
{3}partners:{4} Belgium 38%, Germany 25%, France 11%, Netherlands 4%

{2}External debt:{4} $800 million (1994 est.)

{2}Economic aid:{4}
donor: ODA, $50 million (1993)

{2}Currency:{4} 1 Luxembourg franc (LuxF) = 100 centimes

{2}Exchange rates:{4} Luxembourg francs (LuxF) per US$1 - 30.036 (January 1996), 29.480 (1995),
33.456 (1994), 34.597 (1993), 32.150 (1992), 34.148 (1991); note - the Luxembourg franc is at par
with the Belgian franc, which circulates freely in Luxembourg

{2}Fiscal year:{4} calendar year


{1}Transportation{4}

{2}Railways:{4}
{3}total:{4} 275 km
standard gauge: 275 km 1.435-m gauge (262 km electrified; 178 km double track) (1995)

{2}Highways:{4}
{3}total:{4} 5,134 km
{3}paved:{4} 5,088 km (including 121 km of expressways)
{3}unpaved:{4} 46 km (1995 est.)

{2}Waterways:{4} 37 km; Moselle

{2}Pipelines:{4} petroleum products 48 km

{2}Ports:{4} Mertert

{2}Merchant marine:{4}
{3}total:{4} 36 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 825,496 GRT/1,238,354 DWT
{3}ships by type:{4} bulk 3, chemical tanker 4, combination bulk 6, container 2, liquefied gas tanker 6,
oil tanker 5, passenger 2, refrigerated cargo 6, roll-on/roll-off cargo 2 (1995 est.)

{2}Airports:{4}
{3}total:{4} 2
{3}with paved runways over 3,047 m:{4} 1
{3}with paved runways under 914 m:{4} 1 (1995 est.)


{1}Communications{4}

{2}Telephones:{4} 214,821 (1993 est.)

{2}Telephone system:{4} highly developed, completely automated and efficient system, mainly buried
cables
{3}domestic:{4} nationwide cellular telephone system; buried cable
{3}international:{4} 3 channels leased on TAT-6 coaxial submarine cable (Europe to North America)

{2}Radio broadcast stations:{4} AM 2, FM 3, shortwave 0

{2}Radios:{4} 230,000 (1993 est.)

{2}Television broadcast stations:{4} 3 (1987 est.) and 1 direct-broadcast satellite link

{2}Televisions:{4} 100,500 (1993 est.)


{1}Defense{4}

{2}Branches:{4} Army, National Gendarmerie

{2}Manpower availability:{4}
{3}males age 15-49:{4} 108,271
{3}males fit for military service:{4} 89,427
males reach military age (19) annually: 2,188 (1996 est.)

{2}Defense expenditures:{4} exchange rate conversion - $142 million, 0.8% of GDP (1995)