Axion 3D Atlas/ATLAS.iso/stats/102.txt

Text File | 1998-01-23 | 13KB | 329 lines

{bitmap= 26,50,"flags\haiti.bmp"}
{bigtext=150,120,"Haiti"}



{1}Geography{4}
{4}To see a map of Haiti, click {z,"-78.823902,16.968185,-69.592402,24.111771",here}{4}!

{2}Location:{4} Caribbean, western one-third of the island of Hispaniola, between the Caribbean Sea
and the North Atlantic Ocean, west of the Dominican Republic

{2}Area:{4}
{3}total area:{4} 27,750 sq km
{3}land area:{4} 27,560 sq km
{3}comparative area:{4} slightly larger than Maryland

{2}Land boundaries:{4}
{3}total:{4} 275 km
border country: Dominican Republic 275 km

{2}Coastline:{4} 1,771 km

{2}Maritime claims:{4}
contiguous zone: 24 nm
{3}continental shelf:{4} to depth of exploitation
{3}exclusive economic zone:{4} 200 nm
{3}territorial sea:{4} 12 nm

{2}International disputes:{4} claims US-administered Navassa Island

{2}Climate:{4} tropical; semiarid where mountains in east cut off trade winds

{2}Terrain:{4} mostly rough and mountainous
{3}lowest point:{4} Caribbean Sea 0 m
{3}highest point:{4} Chaine de la Selle 2,680 m

{2}Natural resources:{4} bauxite

{2}Land use:{4}
{3}arable land:{4} 20%
{3}permanent crops:{4} 13%
{3}meadows and pastures:{4} 18%
{3}forest and woodland:{4} 4%
{3}other:{4} 45%

{2}Irrigated land:{4} 750 sq km (1989 est.)

{2}Environment:{4}
{3}current issues:{4} extensive deforestation (much of the remaining forested land is being cleared for
agriculture and use as fuel); soil erosion; inadequate supplies of potable water

{2}natural hazards:{4} lies in the middle of the hurricane belt and subject to severe storms from June to
October; occasional flooding and earthquakes; periodic droughts

{2}international agreements:{4} party to - Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation; signed, but not
ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea,
Nuclear Test Ban

{2}Geographic note:{4} shares island of Hispaniola with Dominican Republic (western one-third is Haiti,
eastern two-thirds is the Dominican Republic)


{1}People{4}

{2}Population:{4} 6,731,539 (July 1996 est.)

{2}Age structure:{4}
{3}0-14 years:{4} 46% (male 1,568,943; female 1,523,406)
{3}15-64 years:{4} 50% (male 1,614,679; female 1,758,388)
{3}65 years and over:{4} 4% (male 132,460; female 133,663) (July 1996 est.)

{2}Population growth rate:{4} 1.77% (1996 est.)

{2}Birth rate:{4} 38.15 births/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Death rate:{4} 15.96 deaths/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Net migration rate:{4} -4.52 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1996 est.)

{2}Sex ratio:{4}
{3}at birth:{4} 1.05 male(s)/female
{3}under 15 years:{4} 1.03 male(s)/female
{3}15-64 years:{4} 0.92 male(s)/female
{3}65 years and over:{4} 0.99 male(s)/female
{3}all ages:{4} 0.97 male(s)/female (1996 est.)

{2}Infant mortality rate:{4} 103.8 deaths/1,000 live births (1996 est.)

{2}Life expectancy at birth:{4}
{3}total population:{4} 49.26 years
{3}male:{4} 47.26 years
{3}female:{4} 51.35 years (1996 est.)

{2}Total fertility rate:{4} 5.69 children born/woman (1996 est.)

{2}Nationality:{4}
{3}noun:{4} Haitian(s)
{3}adjective:{4} Haitian

{2}Ethnic divisions:{4} black 95%, mulatto and European 5%

{2}Religions:{4} Roman Catholic 80% (of which an overwhelming majority also practice Voodoo),
Protestant 16% (Baptist 10%, Pentecostal 4%, Adventist 1%, other 1%), none 1%, other 3%
(1982)

{2}Languages:{4} French (official) 10%, Creole

{2}Literacy:{4} age 15 and over can read and write (1995 est.)
{3}total population:{4} 45%
{3}male:{4} 48%
{3}female:{4} 42.2%


{1}Government{4}

{2}Name of country:{4}
{3}conventional long form:{4} Republic of Haiti
{3}conventional short form:{4} Haiti
{3}local long form:{4} Republique d'Haiti
{3}local short form:{4} Haiti

{2}Type of government:{4} republic

{2}Capital:{4} Port-au-Prince

{2}Administrative divisions:{4} 9 departments, (departements, singular - departement); Artibonite,
Centre, Grand'Anse, Nord, Nord-Est, Nord-Ouest, Ouest, Sud, Sud-Est

{2}Independence:{4} 1 January 1804 (from France)

{2}National holiday:{4} Independence Day, 1 January (1804)

{2}Constitution:{4} approved March 1987, suspended June 1988, most articles reinstated March 1989;
in October 1991, government claimed to be observing the constitution; return to constitutional rule,
October 1994

{2}Legal system:{4} based on Roman civil law system; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

{2}Suffrage:{4} 18 years of age; universal

{2}Executive branch:{4}
{3}chief of state:{4} President Rene Garcia PREVAL (since 7 February 1996), was elected for a five-
year term by universal suffrage; election last held 17 December 1995 (next to be held by
December 2000); results - Rene PREVAL 88%, Leon JEUNE 2.5%, Victor BENOIT 2.3%
{3}head of government:{4} Prime Minister Rosny SMARTH (since March 1996) was appointed by the
president
{3}cabinet:{4} Cabinet; was chosen by prime minister in consultation with the president

{2}Legislative branch:{4} bicameral National Assembly (Assemblee Nationale)
Senate: elections last held 25 June 1995 with reruns on 13 August and runoffs on 17 September
(next to be held 25 June 1999); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - 27 total
Chamber of Deputies: elections last held 25 June 1995 with reruns on 13 August and runoffs on
17 September; results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - 83 total

{2}Judicial branch:{4} Court of Appeal (Cour de Cassation)

{2}Political parties and leaders:{4} National Front for Change and Democracy (FNCD), Evans PAUL and
Turneb DELPE; National Cooperative Action Movement (MKN), Volvick Remy JOSEPH; National
Congress of Democratic Movements (CONACOM), Victor BENOIT; Movement for the Installation
of Democracy in Haiti (MIDH), Marc BAZIN; National Progressive Revolutionary Party (PANPRA),
Serge GILLES; National Patriotic Movement of November 28 (MNP-28), Dejean BELIZAIRE;
National Agricultural and Industrial Party (PAIN), Louis DEJOIE; Movement for National
Reconstruction (MRN), Rene THEODORE; Haitian Christian Democratic Party (PDCH), Fritz
PIERRE; Assembly of Progressive National Democrats (RDNP), Leslie MANIGAT; National Labor
Party (PNT), Remy ZAMOR; Mobilization for National Development (MDN), Hubert DE
RONCERAY; Democratic Movement for the Liberation of Haiti (MODELH), Francois LATORTUE;
Haitian Social Christian Party (PSCH), Gregoire EUGENE; Movement for the Organization of the
Country (MOP), Gesner COMEAU and Jean MOLIERE; Democratic Unity Confederation (KID),
Evans PAUL; National Lavalas Political Organization (OPL), Gerard PIERRE-CHARLES; Open
the Gate Party (PLB), Renaud BERNARDIN; Haitian National Democratic Progressive Party
(PNDPH), Turneb DELPE

{2}Other political or pressure groups:{4} Roman Catholic Church; Confederation of Haitian Workers
(CTH); Federation of Workers Trade Unions (FOS); Autonomous Haitian Workers (CATH);
National Popular Assembly (APN); Papaye Peasants Movement (MPP)

{2}International organization participation:{4} ACCT, ACP, Caricom (observer), CCC, ECLAC, FAO, G-
77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol,
IOC, IOM, ITU, LAES, OAS, OPANAL, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL,
WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO

{2}Diplomatic representation in US:{4}
{3}chief of mission:{4} Ambassador Jean CASIMIR
{3}chancery:{4} 2311 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
{3}telephone:{4} [1] [phone] through 4092
{3}FAX:{4} [1] [phone]
{3}consulate(s) general:{4} Boston, Chicago, Miami, New York, and San Juan (Puerto Rico)

{2}US diplomatic representation:{4}
{3}chief of mission:{4} Ambassador William Lacy SWING
{3}embassy:{4} 5 Harry Truman Boulevard, Port-au-Prince
{3}mailing address:{4} P. O. Box 1761, Port-au-Prince
{3}telephone:{4} [509] 22-0354, 22-0368, 22-0200, 22-0612
{3}FAX:{4} [509] 23-1641

{2}Flag:{4} two equal horizontal bands of blue (top) and red with a centered white rectangle bearing the
coat of arms, which contains a palm tree flanked by flags and two cannons above a scroll bearing
the motto L'UNION FAIT LA FORCE (Union Makes Strength)


{1}Economy{4}

{2}Economic overview:{4} About 75% of the population lives in abject poverty. Nearly 70% of all
Haitians depend on the agriculture sector, which consists mainly of small-scale subsistence
farming and employs about two-thirds of the economically active work force. The country has
experienced only moderate job creation since President ARISTIDE was returned to power in
October 1994. Failure to reach agreement with multilateral lenders in late 1995 led to rising deficit
spending and subsequently increasing inflation and a drop in the value of the Haitian currency in
the final months of 1995. Potential investors, both foreign and domestic, have been reluctant to
risk their capital, planning to "wait and see" what happens in the months following the inauguration
of newly elected President Rene PREVAL and the drawdown of UN peacekeeping forces. The
PREVAL government will have to grapple with implementing necessary, although unpopular,
economic reforms in order to obtain badly needed foreign aid and improve Haiti's ability to attract
foreign capital if the Haitian economy is to gain momentum. Haiti will continue to depend heavily
on foreign aid in the medium term.

{2}GDP:{4} purchasing power parity - $6.5 billion (1995 est.)

{2}GDP real growth rate:{4} 4.5% (1995 est.)

{2}GDP per capita:{4} $1,000 (1995 est.)

{2}GDP composition by sector:{4}
{3}agriculture:{4} 34.8%
{3}industry:{4} 23%
{3}services:{4} 42.2% (1991 est.)

{2}Inflation rate (consumer prices):{4} 14.5% (FY 94/95)

{2}Labor force:{4} 2.3 million
{3}by occupation:{4} agriculture 66%, services 25%, industry 9%
{3}note:{4} shortage of skilled labor, unskilled labor abundant (1982)

{2}Unemployment rate:{4} 60% (1995 est.)

{2}Budget:{4}
{3}revenues:{4} $242 million
{3}expenditures:{4} $299.4 million including capital expenditures of $NA (FY94/95)

{2}Industries:{4} sugar refining, flour milling, textiles, cement, tourism, light assembly industries based
on imported parts

{2}Industrial production growth rate:{4} 2.5% (1995 est.)

{2}Electricity:{4}
{3}capacity:{4} 150,000 kW
{3}production:{4} 590 million kWh
{3}consumption per capita:{4} 86 kWh (1993)

{2}Agriculture:{4} coffee, mangoes, sugarcane, rice, corn, sorghum; wood

{2}Illicit drugs:{4} transshipment point for cocaine and marijuana en route to the US and Europe

{2}Exports:{4} $161 million (f.o.b., 1995 est.)
{3}commodities:{4} light manufactures 65%, coffee 19%, other agriculture 8%, other 8%
{3}partners:{4} US 81%, Europe 12% (1993)

{2}Imports:{4} $537 million (f.o.b., 1995 est.)
{3}commodities:{4} machines and manufactures 34%, food and beverages 22%, petroleum products
14%, chemicals 10%, fats and oils 9%
{3}partners:{4} US 51%, Europe 16%, Latin America 18% (1993)

{2}External debt:{4} $827 million (September 1995 est.)

{2}Economic aid:{4}
{3}recipient:{4} ODA, $NA

{2}Currency:{4} 1 gourde (G) = 100 centimes

{2}Exchange rates:{4} gourdes (G) per US$1 - 16.783 (January 1996), 16.160 (1995), 12.947 (1994),
12.805 (1993), 10.953 (1992), 8.240 (1991)

{2}Fiscal year:{4} 1 October - 30 September


{1}Transportation{4}

{2}Railways:{4}
{3}total:{4} 40 km (single track; privately owned industrial line)-closed in early 1990's
narrow gauge: 40 km 0.760-m gauge

{2}Highways:{4}
{3}total:{4} 3,978 km
{3}paved:{4} 944 km
{3}unpaved:{4} 3,034 km (1987 est.)

{2}Waterways:{4} negligible; less than 100 km navigable

{2}Ports:{4} Cap-Haitien, Gonaives, Jacmel, Jeremie, Cayes, Miragoane, Port-au-Prince, Port-de-Paix,
Saint-Marc

{2}Merchant marine:{4} none

{2}Airports:{4}
{3}total:{4} 11
{3}with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m:{4} 2
{3}with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m:{4} 1
{3}with paved runways under 914 m:{4} 4
{3}with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m:{4} 4 (1995 est.)


{1}Communications{4}

{2}Telephones:{4} 50,000 (1990 est.)

{2}Telephone system:{4} domestic facilities barely adequate, international facilities slightly better
{3}domestic:{4} NA
{3}international:{4} satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)

{2}Radio broadcast stations:{4} AM 33, FM 0, shortwave 2

{2}Radios:{4} 320,000 (1992 est.)

{2}Television broadcast stations:{4} 4 (1987 est.)

{2}Televisions:{4} 32,000 (1992 est.)


{1}Defense{4}

{2}Branches:{4} Haitian National Police

{2}Manpower availability:{4}
{3}males age 15-49:{4} 1,379,116
{3}males fit for military service:{4} 746,617
{3}males reach military age (18) annually:{4} 67,287 (1996 est.)

{2}Defense expenditures:{4} $NA, NA% of GDP