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- package ExtUtils::Liblist;
-
- use vars qw($VERSION);
- $VERSION = '1.01';
-
- use File::Spec;
- require ExtUtils::Liblist::Kid;
- @ISA = qw(ExtUtils::Liblist::Kid File::Spec);
-
- # Backwards compatibility with old interface.
- sub ext {
- goto &ExtUtils::Liblist::Kid::ext;
- }
-
- sub lsdir {
- shift;
- my $rex = qr/$_[1]/;
- opendir DIR, $_[0];
- my @out = grep /$rex/, readdir DIR;
- closedir DIR;
- return @out;
- }
-
- __END__
-
- =head1 NAME
-
- ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them
-
- =head1 SYNOPSIS
-
- require ExtUtils::Liblist;
-
- $MM->ext($potential_libs, $verbose, $need_names);
-
- # Usually you can get away with:
- ExtUtils::Liblist->ext($potential_libs, $verbose, $need_names)
-
- =head1 DESCRIPTION
-
- This utility takes a list of libraries in the form C<-llib1 -llib2
- -llib3> and returns lines suitable for inclusion in an extension
- Makefile. Extra library paths may be included with the form
- C<-L/another/path> this will affect the searches for all subsequent
- libraries.
-
- It returns an array of four or five scalar values: EXTRALIBS,
- BSLOADLIBS, LDLOADLIBS, LD_RUN_PATH, and, optionally, a reference to
- the array of the filenames of actual libraries. Some of these don't
- mean anything unless on Unix. See the details about those platform
- specifics below. The list of the filenames is returned only if
- $need_names argument is true.
-
- Dependent libraries can be linked in one of three ways:
-
- =over 2
-
- =item * For static extensions
-
- by the ld command when the perl binary is linked with the extension
- library. See EXTRALIBS below.
-
- =item * For dynamic extensions at build/link time
-
- by the ld command when the shared object is built/linked. See
- LDLOADLIBS below.
-
- =item * For dynamic extensions at load time
-
- by the DynaLoader when the shared object is loaded. See BSLOADLIBS
- below.
-
- =back
-
- =head2 EXTRALIBS
-
- List of libraries that need to be linked with when linking a perl
- binary which includes this extension. Only those libraries that
- actually exist are included. These are written to a file and used
- when linking perl.
-
- =head2 LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
-
- List of those libraries which can or must be linked into the shared
- library when created using ld. These may be static or dynamic
- libraries. LD_RUN_PATH is a colon separated list of the directories
- in LDLOADLIBS. It is passed as an environment variable to the process
- that links the shared library.
-
- =head2 BSLOADLIBS
-
- List of those libraries that are needed but can be linked in
- dynamically at run time on this platform. SunOS/Solaris does not need
- this because ld records the information (from LDLOADLIBS) into the
- object file. This list is used to create a .bs (bootstrap) file.
-
- =head1 PORTABILITY
-
- This module deals with a lot of system dependencies and has quite a
- few architecture specific C<if>s in the code.
-
- =head2 VMS implementation
-
- The version of ext() which is executed under VMS differs from the
- Unix-OS/2 version in several respects:
-
- =over 2
-
- =item *
-
- Input library and path specifications are accepted with or without the
- C<-l> and C<-L> prefixes used by Unix linkers. If neither prefix is
- present, a token is considered a directory to search if it is in fact
- a directory, and a library to search for otherwise. Authors who wish
- their extensions to be portable to Unix or OS/2 should use the Unix
- prefixes, since the Unix-OS/2 version of ext() requires them.
-
- =item *
-
- Wherever possible, shareable images are preferred to object libraries,
- and object libraries to plain object files. In accordance with VMS
- naming conventions, ext() looks for files named I<lib>shr and I<lib>rtl;
- it also looks for I<lib>lib and libI<lib> to accommodate Unix conventions
- used in some ported software.
-
- =item *
-
- For each library that is found, an appropriate directive for a linker options
- file is generated. The return values are space-separated strings of
- these directives, rather than elements used on the linker command line.
-
- =item *
-
- LDLOADLIBS contains both the libraries found based on C<$potential_libs> and
- the CRTLs, if any, specified in Config.pm. EXTRALIBS contains just those
- libraries found based on C<$potential_libs>. BSLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
- are always empty.
-
- =back
-
- In addition, an attempt is made to recognize several common Unix library
- names, and filter them out or convert them to their VMS equivalents, as
- appropriate.
-
- In general, the VMS version of ext() should properly handle input from
- extensions originally designed for a Unix or VMS environment. If you
- encounter problems, or discover cases where the search could be improved,
- please let us know.
-
- =head2 Win32 implementation
-
- The version of ext() which is executed under Win32 differs from the
- Unix-OS/2 version in several respects:
-
- =over 2
-
- =item *
-
- If C<$potential_libs> is empty, the return value will be empty.
- Otherwise, the libraries specified by C<$Config{perllibs}> (see Config.pm)
- will be appended to the list of C<$potential_libs>. The libraries
- will be searched for in the directories specified in C<$potential_libs>,
- C<$Config{libpth}>, and in C<$Config{installarchlib}/CORE>.
- For each library that is found, a space-separated list of fully qualified
- library pathnames is generated.
-
- =item *
-
- Input library and path specifications are accepted with or without the
- C<-l> and C<-L> prefixes used by Unix linkers.
-
- An entry of the form C<-La:\foo> specifies the C<a:\foo> directory to look
- for the libraries that follow.
-
- An entry of the form C<-lfoo> specifies the library C<foo>, which may be
- spelled differently depending on what kind of compiler you are using. If
- you are using GCC, it gets translated to C<libfoo.a>, but for other win32
- compilers, it becomes C<foo.lib>. If no files are found by those translated
- names, one more attempt is made to find them using either C<foo.a> or
- C<libfoo.lib>, depending on whether GCC or some other win32 compiler is
- being used, respectively.
-
- If neither the C<-L> or C<-l> prefix is present in an entry, the entry is
- considered a directory to search if it is in fact a directory, and a
- library to search for otherwise. The C<$Config{lib_ext}> suffix will
- be appended to any entries that are not directories and don't already have
- the suffix.
-
- Note that the C<-L> and C<-l> prefixes are B<not required>, but authors
- who wish their extensions to be portable to Unix or OS/2 should use the
- prefixes, since the Unix-OS/2 version of ext() requires them.
-
- =item *
-
- Entries cannot be plain object files, as many Win32 compilers will
- not handle object files in the place of libraries.
-
- =item *
-
- Entries in C<$potential_libs> beginning with a colon and followed by
- alphanumeric characters are treated as flags. Unknown flags will be ignored.
-
- An entry that matches C</:nodefault/i> disables the appending of default
- libraries found in C<$Config{perllibs}> (this should be only needed very rarely).
-
- An entry that matches C</:nosearch/i> disables all searching for
- the libraries specified after it. Translation of C<-Lfoo> and
- C<-lfoo> still happens as appropriate (depending on compiler being used,
- as reflected by C<$Config{cc}>), but the entries are not verified to be
- valid files or directories.
-
- An entry that matches C</:search/i> reenables searching for
- the libraries specified after it. You can put it at the end to
- enable searching for default libraries specified by C<$Config{perllibs}>.
-
- =item *
-
- The libraries specified may be a mixture of static libraries and
- import libraries (to link with DLLs). Since both kinds are used
- pretty transparently on the Win32 platform, we do not attempt to
- distinguish between them.
-
- =item *
-
- LDLOADLIBS and EXTRALIBS are always identical under Win32, and BSLOADLIBS
- and LD_RUN_PATH are always empty (this may change in future).
-
- =item *
-
- You must make sure that any paths and path components are properly
- surrounded with double-quotes if they contain spaces. For example,
- C<$potential_libs> could be (literally):
-
- "-Lc:\Program Files\vc\lib" msvcrt.lib "la test\foo bar.lib"
-
- Note how the first and last entries are protected by quotes in order
- to protect the spaces.
-
- =item *
-
- Since this module is most often used only indirectly from extension
- C<Makefile.PL> files, here is an example C<Makefile.PL> entry to add
- a library to the build process for an extension:
-
- LIBS => ['-lgl']
-
- When using GCC, that entry specifies that MakeMaker should first look
- for C<libgl.a> (followed by C<gl.a>) in all the locations specified by
- C<$Config{libpth}>.
-
- When using a compiler other than GCC, the above entry will search for
- C<gl.lib> (followed by C<libgl.lib>).
-
- If the library happens to be in a location not in C<$Config{libpth}>,
- you need:
-
- LIBS => ['-Lc:\gllibs -lgl']
-
- Here is a less often used example:
-
- LIBS => ['-lgl', ':nosearch -Ld:\mesalibs -lmesa -luser32']
-
- This specifies a search for library C<gl> as before. If that search
- fails to find the library, it looks at the next item in the list. The
- C<:nosearch> flag will prevent searching for the libraries that follow,
- so it simply returns the value as C<-Ld:\mesalibs -lmesa -luser32>,
- since GCC can use that value as is with its linker.
-
- When using the Visual C compiler, the second item is returned as
- C<-libpath:d:\mesalibs mesa.lib user32.lib>.
-
- When using the Borland compiler, the second item is returned as
- C<-Ld:\mesalibs mesa.lib user32.lib>, and MakeMaker takes care of
- moving the C<-Ld:\mesalibs> to the correct place in the linker
- command line.
-
- =back
-
-
- =head1 SEE ALSO
-
- L<ExtUtils::MakeMaker>
-
- =cut
-
-