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- package ExtUtils::Constant;
- use vars qw (@ISA $VERSION %XS_Constant %XS_TypeSet @EXPORT_OK %EXPORT_TAGS);
- $VERSION = '0.14';
-
- =head1 NAME
-
- ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants
-
- =head1 SYNOPSIS
-
- use ExtUtils::Constant qw (WriteConstants);
- WriteConstants(
- NAME => 'Foo',
- NAMES => [qw(FOO BAR BAZ)],
- );
- # Generates wrapper code to make the values of the constants FOO BAR BAZ
- # available to perl
-
- =head1 DESCRIPTION
-
- ExtUtils::Constant facilitates generating C and XS wrapper code to allow
- perl modules to AUTOLOAD constants defined in C library header files.
- It is principally used by the C<h2xs> utility, on which this code is based.
- It doesn't contain the routines to scan header files to extract these
- constants.
-
- =head1 USAGE
-
- Generally one only needs to call the C<WriteConstants> function, and then
-
- #include "const-c.inc"
-
- in the C section of C<Foo.xs>
-
- INCLUDE const-xs.inc
-
- in the XS section of C<Foo.xs>.
-
- For greater flexibility use C<constant_types()>, C<C_constant> and
- C<XS_constant>, with which C<WriteConstants> is implemented.
-
- Currently this module understands the following types. h2xs may only know
- a subset. The sizes of the numeric types are chosen by the C<Configure>
- script at compile time.
-
- =over 4
-
- =item IV
-
- signed integer, at least 32 bits.
-
- =item UV
-
- unsigned integer, the same size as I<IV>
-
- =item NV
-
- floating point type, probably C<double>, possibly C<long double>
-
- =item PV
-
- NUL terminated string, length will be determined with C<strlen>
-
- =item PVN
-
- A fixed length thing, given as a [pointer, length] pair. If you know the
- length of a string at compile time you may use this instead of I<PV>
-
- =item SV
-
- A B<mortal> SV.
-
- =item YES
-
- Truth. (C<PL_sv_yes>) The value is not needed (and ignored).
-
- =item NO
-
- Defined Falsehood. (C<PL_sv_no>) The value is not needed (and ignored).
-
- =item UNDEF
-
- C<undef>. The value of the macro is not needed.
-
- =back
-
- =head1 FUNCTIONS
-
- =over 4
-
- =cut
-
- if ($] >= 5.006) {
- eval "use warnings; 1" or die $@;
- }
- use strict;
- use vars '$is_perl56';
- use Carp;
-
- $is_perl56 = ($] < 5.007 && $] > 5.005_50);
-
- use Exporter;
- use Text::Wrap;
- $Text::Wrap::huge = 'overflow';
- $Text::Wrap::columns = 80;
-
- @ISA = 'Exporter';
-
- %EXPORT_TAGS = ( 'all' => [ qw(
- XS_constant constant_types return_clause memEQ_clause C_stringify
- C_constant autoload WriteConstants WriteMakefileSnippet
- ) ] );
-
- @EXPORT_OK = ( @{ $EXPORT_TAGS{'all'} } );
-
- # '' is used as a flag to indicate non-ascii macro names, and hence the need
- # to pass in the utf8 on/off flag.
- %XS_Constant = (
- '' => '',
- IV => 'PUSHi(iv)',
- UV => 'PUSHu((UV)iv)',
- NV => 'PUSHn(nv)',
- PV => 'PUSHp(pv, strlen(pv))',
- PVN => 'PUSHp(pv, iv)',
- SV => 'PUSHs(sv)',
- YES => 'PUSHs(&PL_sv_yes)',
- NO => 'PUSHs(&PL_sv_no)',
- UNDEF => '', # implicit undef
- );
-
- %XS_TypeSet = (
- IV => '*iv_return =',
- UV => '*iv_return = (IV)',
- NV => '*nv_return =',
- PV => '*pv_return =',
- PVN => ['*pv_return =', '*iv_return = (IV)'],
- SV => '*sv_return = ',
- YES => undef,
- NO => undef,
- UNDEF => undef,
- );
-
-
- =item C_stringify NAME
-
- A function which returns a 7 bit ASCII correctly \ escaped version of the
- string passed suitable for C's "" or ''. It will die if passed Unicode
- characters.
-
- =cut
-
- # Hopefully make a happy C identifier.
- sub C_stringify {
- local $_ = shift;
- return unless defined $_;
- # grr 5.6.1
- confess "Wide character in '$_' intended as a C identifier"
- if tr/\0-\377// != length;
- # grr 5.6.1 moreso because its regexps will break on data that happens to
- # be utf8, which includes my 8 bit test cases.
- $_ = pack 'C*', unpack 'U*', $_ . pack 'U*' if $is_perl56;
- s/\\/\\\\/g;
- s/([\"\'])/\\$1/g; # Grr. fix perl mode.
- s/\n/\\n/g; # Ensure newlines don't end up in octal
- s/\r/\\r/g;
- s/\t/\\t/g;
- s/\f/\\f/g;
- s/\a/\\a/g;
- s/([^\0-\177])/sprintf "\\%03o", ord $1/ge;
- unless ($] < 5.006) {
- # This will elicit a warning on 5.005_03 about [: :] being reserved unless
- # I cheat
- my $cheat = '([[:^print:]])';
- s/$cheat/sprintf "\\%03o", ord $1/ge;
- } else {
- require POSIX;
- s/([^A-Za-z0-9_])/POSIX::isprint($1) ? $1 : sprintf "\\%03o", ord $1/ge;
- }
- $_;
- }
-
- =item perl_stringify NAME
-
- A function which returns a 7 bit ASCII correctly \ escaped version of the
- string passed suitable for a perl "" string.
-
- =cut
-
- # Hopefully make a happy perl identifier.
- sub perl_stringify {
- local $_ = shift;
- return unless defined $_;
- s/\\/\\\\/g;
- s/([\"\'])/\\$1/g; # Grr. fix perl mode.
- s/\n/\\n/g; # Ensure newlines don't end up in octal
- s/\r/\\r/g;
- s/\t/\\t/g;
- s/\f/\\f/g;
- s/\a/\\a/g;
- unless ($] < 5.006) {
- if ($] > 5.007) {
- s/([^\0-\177])/sprintf "\\x{%X}", ord $1/ge;
- } else {
- # Grr 5.6.1. And I don't think I can use utf8; to force the regexp
- # because 5.005_03 will fail.
- # This is grim, but I also can't split on //
- my $copy;
- foreach my $index (0 .. length ($_) - 1) {
- my $char = substr ($_, $index, 1);
- $copy .= ($char le "\177") ? $char : sprintf "\\x{%X}", ord $char;
- }
- $_ = $copy;
- }
- # This will elicit a warning on 5.005_03 about [: :] being reserved unless
- # I cheat
- my $cheat = '([[:^print:]])';
- s/$cheat/sprintf "\\%03o", ord $1/ge;
- } else {
- # Turns out "\x{}" notation only arrived with 5.6
- s/([^\0-\177])/sprintf "\\x%02X", ord $1/ge;
- require POSIX;
- s/([^A-Za-z0-9_])/POSIX::isprint($1) ? $1 : sprintf "\\%03o", ord $1/ge;
- }
- $_;
- }
-
- =item constant_types
-
- A function returning a single scalar with C<#define> definitions for the
- constants used internally between the generated C and XS functions.
-
- =cut
-
- sub constant_types () {
- my $start = 1;
- my @lines;
- push @lines, "#define PERL_constant_NOTFOUND\t$start\n"; $start++;
- push @lines, "#define PERL_constant_NOTDEF\t$start\n"; $start++;
- foreach (sort keys %XS_Constant) {
- next if $_ eq '';
- push @lines, "#define PERL_constant_IS$_\t$start\n"; $start++;
- }
- push @lines, << 'EOT';
-
- #ifndef NVTYPE
- typedef double NV; /* 5.6 and later define NVTYPE, and typedef NV to it. */
- #endif
- #ifndef aTHX_
- #define aTHX_ /* 5.6 or later define this for threading support. */
- #endif
- #ifndef pTHX_
- #define pTHX_ /* 5.6 or later define this for threading support. */
- #endif
- EOT
-
- return join '', @lines;
- }
-
- =item memEQ_clause NAME, CHECKED_AT, INDENT
-
- A function to return a suitable C C<if> statement to check whether I<NAME>
- is equal to the C variable C<name>. If I<CHECKED_AT> is defined, then it
- is used to avoid C<memEQ> for short names, or to generate a comment to
- highlight the position of the character in the C<switch> statement.
-
- If I<CHECKED_AT> is a reference to a scalar, then instead it gives
- the characters pre-checked at the beginning, (and the number of chars by
- which the C variable name has been advanced. These need to be chopped from
- the front of I<NAME>).
-
- =cut
-
- sub memEQ_clause {
- # if (memEQ(name, "thingy", 6)) {
- # Which could actually be a character comparison or even ""
- my ($name, $checked_at, $indent) = @_;
- $indent = ' ' x ($indent || 4);
- my $front_chop;
- if (ref $checked_at) {
- # regexp won't work on 5.6.1 without use utf8; in turn that won't work
- # on 5.005_03.
- substr ($name, 0, length $$checked_at,) = '';
- $front_chop = C_stringify ($$checked_at);
- undef $checked_at;
- }
- my $len = length $name;
-
- if ($len < 2) {
- return $indent . "{\n" if (defined $checked_at and $checked_at == 0);
- # We didn't switch, drop through to the code for the 2 character string
- $checked_at = 1;
- }
- if ($len < 3 and defined $checked_at) {
- my $check;
- if ($checked_at == 1) {
- $check = 0;
- } elsif ($checked_at == 0) {
- $check = 1;
- }
- if (defined $check) {
- my $char = C_stringify (substr $name, $check, 1);
- return $indent . "if (name[$check] == '$char') {\n";
- }
- }
- if (($len == 2 and !defined $checked_at)
- or ($len == 3 and defined ($checked_at) and $checked_at == 2)) {
- my $char1 = C_stringify (substr $name, 0, 1);
- my $char2 = C_stringify (substr $name, 1, 1);
- return $indent . "if (name[0] == '$char1' && name[1] == '$char2') {\n";
- }
- if (($len == 3 and defined ($checked_at) and $checked_at == 1)) {
- my $char1 = C_stringify (substr $name, 0, 1);
- my $char2 = C_stringify (substr $name, 2, 1);
- return $indent . "if (name[0] == '$char1' && name[2] == '$char2') {\n";
- }
-
- my $pointer = '^';
- my $have_checked_last = defined ($checked_at) && $len == $checked_at + 1;
- if ($have_checked_last) {
- # Checked at the last character, so no need to memEQ it.
- $pointer = C_stringify (chop $name);
- $len--;
- }
-
- $name = C_stringify ($name);
- my $body = $indent . "if (memEQ(name, \"$name\", $len)) {\n";
- # Put a little ^ under the letter we checked at
- # Screws up for non printable and non-7 bit stuff, but that's too hard to
- # get right.
- if (defined $checked_at) {
- $body .= $indent . "/* ". (' ' x $checked_at) . $pointer
- . (' ' x ($len - $checked_at + length $len)) . " */\n";
- } elsif (defined $front_chop) {
- $body .= $indent . "/* $front_chop"
- . (' ' x ($len + 1 + length $len)) . " */\n";
- }
- return $body;
- }
-
- =item assign INDENT, TYPE, PRE, POST, VALUE...
-
- A function to return a suitable assignment clause. If I<TYPE> is aggregate
- (eg I<PVN> expects both pointer and length) then there should be multiple
- I<VALUE>s for the components. I<PRE> and I<POST> if defined give snippets
- of C code to proceed and follow the assignment. I<PRE> will be at the start
- of a block, so variables may be defined in it.
-
- =cut
-
- # Hmm. value undef to to NOTDEF? value () to do NOTFOUND?
-
- sub assign {
- my $indent = shift;
- my $type = shift;
- my $pre = shift;
- my $post = shift || '';
- my $clause;
- my $close;
- if ($pre) {
- chomp $pre;
- $clause = $indent . "{\n$pre";
- $clause .= ";" unless $pre =~ /;$/;
- $clause .= "\n";
- $close = "$indent}\n";
- $indent .= " ";
- }
- confess "undef \$type" unless defined $type;
- confess "Can't generate code for type $type" unless exists $XS_TypeSet{$type};
- my $typeset = $XS_TypeSet{$type};
- if (ref $typeset) {
- die "Type $type is aggregate, but only single value given"
- if @_ == 1;
- foreach (0 .. $#$typeset) {
- $clause .= $indent . "$typeset->[$_] $_[$_];\n";
- }
- } elsif (defined $typeset) {
- die "Aggregate value given for type $type"
- if @_ > 1;
- $clause .= $indent . "$typeset $_[0];\n";
- }
- chomp $post;
- if (length $post) {
- $clause .= "$post";
- $clause .= ";" unless $post =~ /;$/;
- $clause .= "\n";
- }
- $clause .= "${indent}return PERL_constant_IS$type;\n";
- $clause .= $close if $close;
- return $clause;
- }
-
- =item return_clause
-
- return_clause ITEM, INDENT
-
- A function to return a suitable C<#ifdef> clause. I<ITEM> is a hashref
- (as passed to C<C_constant> and C<match_clause>. I<INDENT> is the number
- of spaces to indent, defaulting to 6.
-
- =cut
-
- sub return_clause ($$) {
- ##ifdef thingy
- # *iv_return = thingy;
- # return PERL_constant_ISIV;
- ##else
- # return PERL_constant_NOTDEF;
- ##endif
- my ($item, $indent) = @_;
-
- my ($name, $value, $macro, $default, $pre, $post, $def_pre, $def_post, $type)
- = @$item{qw (name value macro default pre post def_pre def_post type)};
- $value = $name unless defined $value;
- $macro = $name unless defined $macro;
-
- $macro = $value unless defined $macro;
- $indent = ' ' x ($indent || 6);
- unless ($type) {
- # use Data::Dumper; print STDERR Dumper ($item);
- confess "undef \$type";
- }
-
- my $clause;
-
- ##ifdef thingy
- if (ref $macro) {
- $clause = $macro->[0];
- } elsif ($macro ne "1") {
- $clause = "#ifdef $macro\n";
- }
-
- # *iv_return = thingy;
- # return PERL_constant_ISIV;
- $clause .= assign ($indent, $type, $pre, $post,
- ref $value ? @$value : $value);
-
- if (ref $macro or $macro ne "1") {
- ##else
- $clause .= "#else\n";
-
- # return PERL_constant_NOTDEF;
- if (!defined $default) {
- $clause .= "${indent}return PERL_constant_NOTDEF;\n";
- } else {
- my @default = ref $default ? @$default : $default;
- $type = shift @default;
- $clause .= assign ($indent, $type, $def_pre, $def_post, @default);
- }
-
- ##endif
- if (ref $macro) {
- $clause .= $macro->[1];
- } else {
- $clause .= "#endif\n";
- }
- }
- return $clause;
- }
-
- =pod
-
- XXX document me
-
- =cut
-
- sub match_clause {
- # $offset defined if we have checked an offset.
- my ($item, $offset, $indent) = @_;
- $indent = ' ' x ($indent || 4);
- my $body = '';
- my ($no, $yes, $either, $name, $inner_indent);
- if (ref $item eq 'ARRAY') {
- ($yes, $no) = @$item;
- $either = $yes || $no;
- confess "$item is $either expecting hashref in [0] || [1]"
- unless ref $either eq 'HASH';
- $name = $either->{name};
- } else {
- confess "$item->{name} has utf8 flag '$item->{utf8}', should be false"
- if $item->{utf8};
- $name = $item->{name};
- $inner_indent = $indent;
- }
-
- $body .= memEQ_clause ($name, $offset, length $indent);
- if ($yes) {
- $body .= $indent . " if (utf8) {\n";
- } elsif ($no) {
- $body .= $indent . " if (!utf8) {\n";
- }
- if ($either) {
- $body .= return_clause ($either, 4 + length $indent);
- if ($yes and $no) {
- $body .= $indent . " } else {\n";
- $body .= return_clause ($no, 4 + length $indent);
- }
- $body .= $indent . " }\n";
- } else {
- $body .= return_clause ($item, 2 + length $indent);
- }
- $body .= $indent . "}\n";
- }
-
- =item switch_clause INDENT, NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM...
-
- An internal function to generate a suitable C<switch> clause, called by
- C<C_constant> I<ITEM>s are in the hash ref format as given in the description
- of C<C_constant>, and must all have the names of the same length, given by
- I<NAMELEN> (This is not checked). I<ITEMHASH> is a reference to a hash,
- keyed by name, values being the hashrefs in the I<ITEM> list.
- (No parameters are modified, and there can be keys in the I<ITEMHASH> that
- are not in the list of I<ITEM>s without causing problems).
-
- =cut
-
- sub switch_clause {
- my ($indent, $comment, $namelen, $items, @items) = @_;
- $indent = ' ' x ($indent || 2);
-
- my @names = sort map {$_->{name}} @items;
- my $leader = $indent . '/* ';
- my $follower = ' ' x length $leader;
- my $body = $indent . "/* Names all of length $namelen. */\n";
- if ($comment) {
- $body = wrap ($leader, $follower, $comment) . "\n";
- $leader = $follower;
- }
- my @safe_names = @names;
- foreach (@safe_names) {
- confess sprintf "Name '$_' is length %d, not $namelen", length
- unless length == $namelen;
- # Argh. 5.6.1
- # next unless tr/A-Za-z0-9_//c;
- next if tr/A-Za-z0-9_// == length;
- $_ = '"' . perl_stringify ($_) . '"';
- # Ensure that the enclosing C comment doesn't end
- # by turning */ into *" . "/
- s!\*\/!\*"."/!gs;
- # gcc -Wall doesn't like finding /* inside a comment
- s!\/\*!/"."\*!gs;
- }
- $body .= wrap ($leader, $follower, join (" ", @safe_names) . " */") . "\n";
- # Figure out what to switch on.
- # (RMS, Spread of jump table, Position, Hashref)
- my @best = (1e38, ~0);
- # Prefer the last character over the others. (As it lets us shortern the
- # memEQ clause at no cost).
- foreach my $i ($namelen - 1, 0 .. ($namelen - 2)) {
- my ($min, $max) = (~0, 0);
- my %spread;
- if ($is_perl56) {
- # Need proper Unicode preserving hash keys for bytes in range 128-255
- # here too, for some reason. grr 5.6.1 yet again.
- tie %spread, 'ExtUtils::Constant::Aaargh56Hash';
- }
- foreach (@names) {
- my $char = substr $_, $i, 1;
- my $ord = ord $char;
- confess "char $ord is out of range" if $ord > 255;
- $max = $ord if $ord > $max;
- $min = $ord if $ord < $min;
- push @{$spread{$char}}, $_;
- # warn "$_ $char";
- }
- # I'm going to pick the character to split on that minimises the root
- # mean square of the number of names in each case. Normally this should
- # be the one with the most keys, but it may pick a 7 where the 8 has
- # one long linear search. I'm not sure if RMS or just sum of squares is
- # actually better.
- # $max and $min are for the tie-breaker if the root mean squares match.
- # Assuming that the compiler may be building a jump table for the
- # switch() then try to minimise the size of that jump table.
- # Finally use < not <= so that if it still ties the earliest part of
- # the string wins. Because if that passes but the memEQ fails, it may
- # only need the start of the string to bin the choice.
- # I think. But I'm micro-optimising. :-)
- # OK. Trump that. Now favour the last character of the string, before the
- # rest.
- my $ss;
- $ss += @$_ * @$_ foreach values %spread;
- my $rms = sqrt ($ss / keys %spread);
- if ($rms < $best[0] || ($rms == $best[0] && ($max - $min) < $best[1])) {
- @best = ($rms, $max - $min, $i, \%spread);
- }
- }
- confess "Internal error. Failed to pick a switch point for @names"
- unless defined $best[2];
- # use Data::Dumper; print Dumper (@best);
- my ($offset, $best) = @best[2,3];
- $body .= $indent . "/* Offset $offset gives the best switch position. */\n";
-
- my $do_front_chop = $offset == 0 && $namelen > 2;
- if ($do_front_chop) {
- $body .= $indent . "switch (*name++) {\n";
- } else {
- $body .= $indent . "switch (name[$offset]) {\n";
- }
- foreach my $char (sort keys %$best) {
- confess sprintf "'$char' is %d bytes long, not 1", length $char
- if length ($char) != 1;
- confess sprintf "char %#X is out of range", ord $char if ord ($char) > 255;
- $body .= $indent . "case '" . C_stringify ($char) . "':\n";
- foreach my $name (sort @{$best->{$char}}) {
- my $thisone = $items->{$name};
- # warn "You are here";
- if ($do_front_chop) {
- $body .= match_clause ($thisone, \$char, 2 + length $indent);
- } else {
- $body .= match_clause ($thisone, $offset, 2 + length $indent);
- }
- }
- $body .= $indent . " break;\n";
- }
- $body .= $indent . "}\n";
- return $body;
- }
-
- =item params WHAT
-
- An internal function. I<WHAT> should be a hashref of types the constant
- function will return. I<params> returns a hashref keyed IV NV PV SV to show
- which combination of pointers will be needed in the C argument list.
-
- =cut
-
- sub params {
- my $what = shift;
- foreach (sort keys %$what) {
- warn "ExtUtils::Constant doesn't know how to handle values of type $_" unless defined $XS_Constant{$_};
- }
- my $params = {};
- $params->{''} = 1 if $what->{''};
- $params->{IV} = 1 if $what->{IV} || $what->{UV} || $what->{PVN};
- $params->{NV} = 1 if $what->{NV};
- $params->{PV} = 1 if $what->{PV} || $what->{PVN};
- $params->{SV} = 1 if $what->{SV};
- return $params;
- }
-
- =item dump_names
-
- dump_names DEFAULT_TYPE, TYPES, INDENT, OPTIONS, ITEM...
-
- An internal function to generate the embedded perl code that will regenerate
- the constant subroutines. I<DEFAULT_TYPE>, I<TYPES> and I<ITEM>s are the
- same as for C_constant. I<INDENT> is treated as number of spaces to indent
- by. I<OPTIONS> is a hashref of options. Currently only C<declare_types> is
- recognised. If the value is true a C<$types> is always declared in the perl
- code generated, if defined and false never declared, and if undefined C<$types>
- is only declared if the values in I<TYPES> as passed in cannot be inferred from
- I<DEFAULT_TYPES> and the I<ITEM>s.
-
- =cut
-
- sub dump_names {
- my ($default_type, $what, $indent, $options, @items) = @_;
- my $declare_types = $options->{declare_types};
- $indent = ' ' x ($indent || 0);
-
- my $result;
- my (@simple, @complex, %used_types);
- foreach (@items) {
- my $type;
- if (ref $_) {
- $type = $_->{type} || $default_type;
- if ($_->{utf8}) {
- # For simplicity always skip the bytes case, and reconstitute this entry
- # from its utf8 twin.
- next if $_->{utf8} eq 'no';
- # Copy the hashref, as we don't want to mess with the caller's hashref.
- $_ = {%$_};
- unless ($is_perl56) {
- utf8::decode ($_->{name});
- } else {
- $_->{name} = pack 'U*', unpack 'U0U*', $_->{name};
- }
- delete $_->{utf8};
- }
- } else {
- $_ = {name=>$_};
- $type = $default_type;
- }
- $used_types{$type}++;
- if ($type eq $default_type
- # grr 5.6.1
- and length $_->{name} == ($_->{name} =~ tr/A-Za-z0-9_//)
- and !defined ($_->{macro}) and !defined ($_->{value})
- and !defined ($_->{default}) and !defined ($_->{pre})
- and !defined ($_->{post}) and !defined ($_->{def_pre})
- and !defined ($_->{def_post})) {
- # It's the default type, and the name consists only of A-Za-z0-9_
- push @simple, $_->{name};
- } else {
- push @complex, $_;
- }
- }
-
- if (!defined $declare_types) {
- # Do they pass in any types we weren't already using?
- foreach (keys %$what) {
- next if $used_types{$_};
- $declare_types++; # Found one in $what that wasn't used.
- last; # And one is enough to terminate this loop
- }
- }
- if ($declare_types) {
- $result = $indent . 'my $types = {map {($_, 1)} qw('
- . join (" ", sort keys %$what) . ")};\n";
- }
- $result .= wrap ($indent . "my \@names = (qw(",
- $indent . " ", join (" ", sort @simple) . ")");
- if (@complex) {
- foreach my $item (sort {$a->{name} cmp $b->{name}} @complex) {
- my $name = perl_stringify $item->{name};
- my $line = ",\n$indent {name=>\"$name\"";
- $line .= ", type=>\"$item->{type}\"" if defined $item->{type};
- foreach my $thing (qw (macro value default pre post def_pre def_post)) {
- my $value = $item->{$thing};
- if (defined $value) {
- if (ref $value) {
- $line .= ", $thing=>[\""
- . join ('", "', map {perl_stringify $_} @$value) . '"]';
- } else {
- $line .= ", $thing=>\"" . perl_stringify($value) . "\"";
- }
- }
- }
- $line .= "}";
- # Ensure that the enclosing C comment doesn't end
- # by turning */ into *" . "/
- $line =~ s!\*\/!\*" . "/!gs;
- # gcc -Wall doesn't like finding /* inside a comment
- $line =~ s!\/\*!/" . "\*!gs;
- $result .= $line;
- }
- }
- $result .= ");\n";
-
- $result;
- }
-
-
- =item dogfood
-
- dogfood PACKAGE, SUBNAME, DEFAULT_TYPE, TYPES, INDENT, BREAKOUT, ITEM...
-
- An internal function to generate the embedded perl code that will regenerate
- the constant subroutines. Parameters are the same as for C_constant.
-
- =cut
-
- sub dogfood {
- my ($package, $subname, $default_type, $what, $indent, $breakout, @items)
- = @_;
- my $result = <<"EOT";
- /* When generated this function returned values for the list of names given
- in this section of perl code. Rather than manually editing these functions
- to add or remove constants, which would result in this comment and section
- of code becoming inaccurate, we recommend that you edit this section of
- code, and use it to regenerate a new set of constant functions which you
- then use to replace the originals.
-
- Regenerate these constant functions by feeding this entire source file to
- perl -x
-
- #!$^X -w
- use ExtUtils::Constant qw (constant_types C_constant XS_constant);
-
- EOT
- $result .= dump_names ($default_type, $what, 0, {declare_types=>1}, @items);
- $result .= <<'EOT';
-
- print constant_types(); # macro defs
- EOT
- $package = perl_stringify($package);
- $result .=
- "foreach (C_constant (\"$package\", '$subname', '$default_type', \$types, ";
- # The form of the indent parameter isn't defined. (Yet)
- if (defined $indent) {
- require Data::Dumper;
- $Data::Dumper::Terse=1;
- $Data::Dumper::Terse=1; # Not used once. :-)
- chomp ($indent = Data::Dumper::Dumper ($indent));
- $result .= $indent;
- } else {
- $result .= 'undef';
- }
- $result .= ", $breakout" . ', @names) ) {
- print $_, "\n"; # C constant subs
- }
- print "#### XS Section:\n";
- print XS_constant ("' . $package . '", $types);
- __END__
- */
-
- ';
-
- $result;
- }
-
- =item C_constant
-
- C_constant PACKAGE, SUBNAME, DEFAULT_TYPE, TYPES, INDENT, BREAKOUT, ITEM...
-
- A function that returns a B<list> of C subroutine definitions that return
- the value and type of constants when passed the name by the XS wrapper.
- I<ITEM...> gives a list of constant names. Each can either be a string,
- which is taken as a C macro name, or a reference to a hash with the following
- keys
-
- =over 8
-
- =item name
-
- The name of the constant, as seen by the perl code.
-
- =item type
-
- The type of the constant (I<IV>, I<NV> etc)
-
- =item value
-
- A C expression for the value of the constant, or a list of C expressions if
- the type is aggregate. This defaults to the I<name> if not given.
-
- =item macro
-
- The C pre-processor macro to use in the C<#ifdef>. This defaults to the
- I<name>, and is mainly used if I<value> is an C<enum>. If a reference an
- array is passed then the first element is used in place of the C<#ifdef>
- line, and the second element in place of the C<#endif>. This allows
- pre-processor constructions such as
-
- #if defined (foo)
- #if !defined (bar)
- ...
- #endif
- #endif
-
- to be used to determine if a constant is to be defined.
-
- A "macro" 1 signals that the constant is always defined, so the C<#if>/C<#endif>
- test is omitted.
-
- =item default
-
- Default value to use (instead of C<croak>ing with "your vendor has not
- defined...") to return if the macro isn't defined. Specify a reference to
- an array with type followed by value(s).
-
- =item pre
-
- C code to use before the assignment of the value of the constant. This allows
- you to use temporary variables to extract a value from part of a C<struct>
- and return this as I<value>. This C code is places at the start of a block,
- so you can declare variables in it.
-
- =item post
-
- C code to place between the assignment of value (to a temporary) and the
- return from the function. This allows you to clear up anything in I<pre>.
- Rarely needed.
-
- =item def_pre
- =item def_post
-
- Equivalents of I<pre> and I<post> for the default value.
-
- =item utf8
-
- Generated internally. Is zero or undefined if name is 7 bit ASCII,
- "no" if the name is 8 bit (and so should only match if SvUTF8() is false),
- "yes" if the name is utf8 encoded.
-
- The internals automatically clone any name with characters 128-255 but none
- 256+ (ie one that could be either in bytes or utf8) into a second entry
- which is utf8 encoded.
-
- =back
-
- I<PACKAGE> is the name of the package, and is only used in comments inside the
- generated C code.
-
- The next 5 arguments can safely be given as C<undef>, and are mainly used
- for recursion. I<SUBNAME> defaults to C<constant> if undefined.
-
- I<DEFAULT_TYPE> is the type returned by C<ITEM>s that don't specify their
- type. In turn it defaults to I<IV>. I<TYPES> should be given either as a comma
- separated list of types that the C subroutine C<constant> will generate or as
- a reference to a hash. I<DEFAULT_TYPE> will be added to the list if not
- present, as will any types given in the list of I<ITEM>s. The resultant list
- should be the same list of types that C<XS_constant> is given. [Otherwise
- C<XS_constant> and C<C_constant> may differ in the number of parameters to the
- constant function. I<INDENT> is currently unused and ignored. In future it may
- be used to pass in information used to change the C indentation style used.]
- The best way to maintain consistency is to pass in a hash reference and let
- this function update it.
-
- I<BREAKOUT> governs when child functions of I<SUBNAME> are generated. If there
- are I<BREAKOUT> or more I<ITEM>s with the same length of name, then the code
- to switch between them is placed into a function named I<SUBNAME>_I<LEN>, for
- example C<constant_5> for names 5 characters long. The default I<BREAKOUT> is
- 3. A single C<ITEM> is always inlined.
-
- =cut
-
- # The parameter now BREAKOUT was previously documented as:
- #
- # I<NAMELEN> if defined signals that all the I<name>s of the I<ITEM>s are of
- # this length, and that the constant name passed in by perl is checked and
- # also of this length. It is used during recursion, and should be C<undef>
- # unless the caller has checked all the lengths during code generation, and
- # the generated subroutine is only to be called with a name of this length.
- #
- # As you can see it now performs this function during recursion by being a
- # scalar reference.
-
- sub C_constant {
- my ($package, $subname, $default_type, $what, $indent, $breakout, @items)
- = @_;
- $package ||= 'Foo';
- $subname ||= 'constant';
- # I'm not using this. But a hashref could be used for full formatting without
- # breaking this API
- # $indent ||= 0;
-
- my ($namelen, $items);
- if (ref $breakout) {
- # We are called recursively. We trust @items to be normalised, $what to
- # be a hashref, and pinch %$items from our parent to save recalculation.
- ($namelen, $items) = @$breakout;
- } else {
- if ($is_perl56) {
- # Need proper Unicode preserving hash keys.
- $items = {};
- tie %$items, 'ExtUtils::Constant::Aaargh56Hash';
- }
- $breakout ||= 3;
- $default_type ||= 'IV';
- if (!ref $what) {
- # Convert line of the form IV,UV,NV to hash
- $what = {map {$_ => 1} split /,\s*/, ($what || '')};
- # Figure out what types we're dealing with, and assign all unknowns to the
- # default type
- }
- my @new_items;
- foreach my $orig (@items) {
- my ($name, $item);
- if (ref $orig) {
- # Make a copy which is a normalised version of the ref passed in.
- $name = $orig->{name};
- my ($type, $macro, $value) = @$orig{qw (type macro value)};
- $type ||= $default_type;
- $what->{$type} = 1;
- $item = {name=>$name, type=>$type};
-
- undef $macro if defined $macro and $macro eq $name;
- $item->{macro} = $macro if defined $macro;
- undef $value if defined $value and $value eq $name;
- $item->{value} = $value if defined $value;
- foreach my $key (qw(default pre post def_pre def_post)) {
- my $value = $orig->{$key};
- $item->{$key} = $value if defined $value;
- # warn "$key $value";
- }
- } else {
- $name = $orig;
- $item = {name=>$name, type=>$default_type};
- $what->{$default_type} = 1;
- }
- warn "ExtUtils::Constant doesn't know how to handle values of type $_ used in macro $name" unless defined $XS_Constant{$item->{type}};
- # tr///c is broken on 5.6.1 for utf8, so my original tr/\0-\177//c
- # doesn't work. Upgrade to 5.8
- # if ($name !~ tr/\0-\177//c || $] < 5.005_50) {
- if ($name =~ tr/\0-\177// == length $name || $] < 5.005_50) {
- # No characters outside 7 bit ASCII.
- if (exists $items->{$name}) {
- die "Multiple definitions for macro $name";
- }
- $items->{$name} = $item;
- } else {
- # No characters outside 8 bit. This is hardest.
- if (exists $items->{$name} and ref $items->{$name} ne 'ARRAY') {
- confess "Unexpected ASCII definition for macro $name";
- }
- # Again, 5.6.1 tr broken, so s/5\.6.*/5\.8\.0/;
- # if ($name !~ tr/\0-\377//c) {
- if ($name =~ tr/\0-\377// == length $name) {
- # if ($] < 5.007) {
- # $name = pack "C*", unpack "U*", $name;
- # }
- $item->{utf8} = 'no';
- $items->{$name}[1] = $item;
- push @new_items, $item;
- # Copy item, to create the utf8 variant.
- $item = {%$item};
- }
- # Encode the name as utf8 bytes.
- unless ($is_perl56) {
- utf8::encode($name);
- } else {
- # warn "Was >$name< " . length ${name};
- $name = pack 'C*', unpack 'C*', $name . pack 'U*';
- # warn "Now '${name}' " . length ${name};
- }
- if ($items->{$name}[0]) {
- die "Multiple definitions for macro $name";
- }
- $item->{utf8} = 'yes';
- $item->{name} = $name;
- $items->{$name}[0] = $item;
- # We have need for the utf8 flag.
- $what->{''} = 1;
- }
- push @new_items, $item;
- }
- @items = @new_items;
- # use Data::Dumper; print Dumper @items;
- }
- my $params = params ($what);
-
- my ($body, @subs) = "static int\n$subname (pTHX_ const char *name";
- $body .= ", STRLEN len" unless defined $namelen;
- $body .= ", int utf8" if $params->{''};
- $body .= ", IV *iv_return" if $params->{IV};
- $body .= ", NV *nv_return" if $params->{NV};
- $body .= ", const char **pv_return" if $params->{PV};
- $body .= ", SV **sv_return" if $params->{SV};
- $body .= ") {\n";
-
- if (defined $namelen) {
- # We are a child subroutine. Print the simple description
- my $comment = 'When generated this function returned values for the list'
- . ' of names given here. However, subsequent manual editing may have'
- . ' added or removed some.';
- $body .= switch_clause (2, $comment, $namelen, $items, @items);
- } else {
- # We are the top level.
- $body .= " /* Initially switch on the length of the name. */\n";
- $body .= dogfood ($package, $subname, $default_type, $what, $indent,
- $breakout, @items);
- $body .= " switch (len) {\n";
- # Need to group names of the same length
- my @by_length;
- foreach (@items) {
- push @{$by_length[length $_->{name}]}, $_;
- }
- foreach my $i (0 .. $#by_length) {
- next unless $by_length[$i]; # None of this length
- $body .= " case $i:\n";
- if (@{$by_length[$i]} == 1) {
- my $only_thing = $by_length[$i]->[0];
- if ($only_thing->{utf8}) {
- if ($only_thing->{utf8} eq 'yes') {
- # With utf8 on flag item is passed in element 0
- $body .= match_clause ([$only_thing]);
- } else {
- # With utf8 off flag item is passed in element 1
- $body .= match_clause ([undef, $only_thing]);
- }
- } else {
- $body .= match_clause ($only_thing);
- }
- } elsif (@{$by_length[$i]} < $breakout) {
- $body .= switch_clause (4, '', $i, $items, @{$by_length[$i]});
- } else {
- # Only use the minimal set of parameters actually needed by the types
- # of the names of this length.
- my $what = {};
- foreach (@{$by_length[$i]}) {
- $what->{$_->{type}} = 1;
- $what->{''} = 1 if $_->{utf8};
- }
- $params = params ($what);
- push @subs, C_constant ($package, "${subname}_$i", $default_type, $what,
- $indent, [$i, $items], @{$by_length[$i]});
- $body .= " return ${subname}_$i (aTHX_ name";
- $body .= ", utf8" if $params->{''};
- $body .= ", iv_return" if $params->{IV};
- $body .= ", nv_return" if $params->{NV};
- $body .= ", pv_return" if $params->{PV};
- $body .= ", sv_return" if $params->{SV};
- $body .= ");\n";
- }
- $body .= " break;\n";
- }
- $body .= " }\n";
- }
- $body .= " return PERL_constant_NOTFOUND;\n}\n";
- return (@subs, $body);
- }
-
- =item XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
-
- A function to generate the XS code to implement the perl subroutine
- I<PACKAGE>::constant used by I<PACKAGE>::AUTOLOAD to load constants.
- This XS code is a wrapper around a C subroutine usually generated by
- C<C_constant>, and usually named C<constant>.
-
- I<TYPES> should be given either as a comma separated list of types that the
- C subroutine C<constant> will generate or as a reference to a hash. It should
- be the same list of types as C<C_constant> was given.
- [Otherwise C<XS_constant> and C<C_constant> may have different ideas about
- the number of parameters passed to the C function C<constant>]
-
- You can call the perl visible subroutine something other than C<constant> if
- you give the parameter I<SUBNAME>. The C subroutine it calls defaults to
- the name of the perl visible subroutine, unless you give the parameter
- I<C_SUBNAME>.
-
- =cut
-
- sub XS_constant {
- my $package = shift;
- my $what = shift;
- my $subname = shift;
- my $C_subname = shift;
- $subname ||= 'constant';
- $C_subname ||= $subname;
-
- if (!ref $what) {
- # Convert line of the form IV,UV,NV to hash
- $what = {map {$_ => 1} split /,\s*/, ($what)};
- }
- my $params = params ($what);
- my $type;
-
- my $xs = <<"EOT";
- void
- $subname(sv)
- PREINIT:
- #ifdef dXSTARG
- dXSTARG; /* Faster if we have it. */
- #else
- dTARGET;
- #endif
- STRLEN len;
- int type;
- EOT
-
- if ($params->{IV}) {
- $xs .= " IV iv;\n";
- } else {
- $xs .= " /* IV\t\tiv;\tUncomment this if you need to return IVs */\n";
- }
- if ($params->{NV}) {
- $xs .= " NV nv;\n";
- } else {
- $xs .= " /* NV\t\tnv;\tUncomment this if you need to return NVs */\n";
- }
- if ($params->{PV}) {
- $xs .= " const char *pv;\n";
- } else {
- $xs .=
- " /* const char\t*pv;\tUncomment this if you need to return PVs */\n";
- }
-
- $xs .= << 'EOT';
- INPUT:
- SV * sv;
- const char * s = SvPV(sv, len);
- EOT
- if ($params->{''}) {
- $xs .= << 'EOT';
- INPUT:
- int utf8 = SvUTF8(sv);
- EOT
- }
- $xs .= << 'EOT';
- PPCODE:
- EOT
-
- if ($params->{IV} xor $params->{NV}) {
- $xs .= << "EOT";
- /* Change this to $C_subname(aTHX_ s, len, &iv, &nv);
- if you need to return both NVs and IVs */
- EOT
- }
- $xs .= " type = $C_subname(aTHX_ s, len";
- $xs .= ', utf8' if $params->{''};
- $xs .= ', &iv' if $params->{IV};
- $xs .= ', &nv' if $params->{NV};
- $xs .= ', &pv' if $params->{PV};
- $xs .= ', &sv' if $params->{SV};
- $xs .= ");\n";
-
- $xs .= << "EOT";
- /* Return 1 or 2 items. First is error message, or undef if no error.
- Second, if present, is found value */
- switch (type) {
- case PERL_constant_NOTFOUND:
- sv = sv_2mortal(newSVpvf("%s is not a valid $package macro", s));
- PUSHs(sv);
- break;
- case PERL_constant_NOTDEF:
- sv = sv_2mortal(newSVpvf(
- "Your vendor has not defined $package macro %s, used", s));
- PUSHs(sv);
- break;
- EOT
-
- foreach $type (sort keys %XS_Constant) {
- # '' marks utf8 flag needed.
- next if $type eq '';
- $xs .= "\t/* Uncomment this if you need to return ${type}s\n"
- unless $what->{$type};
- $xs .= " case PERL_constant_IS$type:\n";
- if (length $XS_Constant{$type}) {
- $xs .= << "EOT";
- EXTEND(SP, 1);
- PUSHs(&PL_sv_undef);
- $XS_Constant{$type};
- EOT
- } else {
- # Do nothing. return (), which will be correctly interpreted as
- # (undef, undef)
- }
- $xs .= " break;\n";
- unless ($what->{$type}) {
- chop $xs; # Yes, another need for chop not chomp.
- $xs .= " */\n";
- }
- }
- $xs .= << "EOT";
- default:
- sv = sv_2mortal(newSVpvf(
- "Unexpected return type %d while processing $package macro %s, used",
- type, s));
- PUSHs(sv);
- }
- EOT
-
- return $xs;
- }
-
-
- =item autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER
-
- A function to generate the AUTOLOAD subroutine for the module I<PACKAGE>
- I<VERSION> is the perl version the code should be backwards compatible with.
- It defaults to the version of perl running the subroutine. If I<AUTOLOADER>
- is true, the AUTOLOAD subroutine falls back on AutoLoader::AUTOLOAD for all
- names that the constant() routine doesn't recognise.
-
- =cut
-
- # ' # Grr. syntax highlighters that don't grok pod.
-
- sub autoload {
- my ($module, $compat_version, $autoloader) = @_;
- $compat_version ||= $];
- croak "Can't maintain compatibility back as far as version $compat_version"
- if $compat_version < 5;
- my $func = "sub AUTOLOAD {\n"
- . " # This AUTOLOAD is used to 'autoload' constants from the constant()\n"
- . " # XS function.";
- $func .= " If a constant is not found then control is passed\n"
- . " # to the AUTOLOAD in AutoLoader." if $autoloader;
-
-
- $func .= "\n\n"
- . " my \$constname;\n";
- $func .=
- " our \$AUTOLOAD;\n" if ($compat_version >= 5.006);
-
- $func .= <<"EOT";
- (\$constname = \$AUTOLOAD) =~ s/.*:://;
- croak "&${module}::constant not defined" if \$constname eq 'constant';
- my (\$error, \$val) = constant(\$constname);
- EOT
-
- if ($autoloader) {
- $func .= <<'EOT';
- if ($error) {
- if ($error =~ /is not a valid/) {
- $AutoLoader::AUTOLOAD = $AUTOLOAD;
- goto &AutoLoader::AUTOLOAD;
- } else {
- croak $error;
- }
- }
- EOT
- } else {
- $func .=
- " if (\$error) { croak \$error; }\n";
- }
-
- $func .= <<'END';
- {
- no strict 'refs';
- # Fixed between 5.005_53 and 5.005_61
- #XXX if ($] >= 5.00561) {
- #XXX *$AUTOLOAD = sub () { $val };
- #XXX }
- #XXX else {
- *$AUTOLOAD = sub { $val };
- #XXX }
- }
- goto &$AUTOLOAD;
- }
-
- END
-
- return $func;
- }
-
-
- =item WriteMakefileSnippet
-
- WriteMakefileSnippet ATTRIBUTE =E<gt> VALUE [, ...]
-
- A function to generate perl code for Makefile.PL that will regenerate
- the constant subroutines. Parameters are named as passed to C<WriteConstants>,
- with the addition of C<INDENT> to specify the number of leading spaces
- (default 2).
-
- Currently only C<INDENT>, C<NAME>, C<DEFAULT_TYPE>, C<NAMES>, C<C_FILE> and
- C<XS_FILE> are recognised.
-
- =cut
-
- sub WriteMakefileSnippet {
- my %args = @_;
- my $indent = $args{INDENT} || 2;
-
- my $result = <<"EOT";
- ExtUtils::Constant::WriteConstants(
- NAME => '$args{NAME}',
- NAMES => \\\@names,
- DEFAULT_TYPE => '$args{DEFAULT_TYPE}',
- EOT
- foreach (qw (C_FILE XS_FILE)) {
- next unless exists $args{$_};
- $result .= sprintf " %-12s => '%s',\n",
- $_, $args{$_};
- }
- $result .= <<'EOT';
- );
- EOT
-
- $result =~ s/^/' 'x$indent/gem;
- return dump_names ($args{DEFAULT_TYPE}, undef, $indent, undef,
- @{$args{NAMES}})
- . $result;
- }
-
- =item WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE =E<gt> VALUE [, ...]
-
- Writes a file of C code and a file of XS code which you should C<#include>
- and C<INCLUDE> in the C and XS sections respectively of your module's XS
- code. You probably want to do this in your C<Makefile.PL>, so that you can
- easily edit the list of constants without touching the rest of your module.
- The attributes supported are
-
- =over 4
-
- =item NAME
-
- Name of the module. This must be specified
-
- =item DEFAULT_TYPE
-
- The default type for the constants. If not specified C<IV> is assumed.
-
- =item BREAKOUT_AT
-
- The names of the constants are grouped by length. Generate child subroutines
- for each group with this number or more names in.
-
- =item NAMES
-
- An array of constants' names, either scalars containing names, or hashrefs
- as detailed in L<"C_constant">.
-
- =item C_FILE
-
- The name of the file to write containing the C code. The default is
- C<const-c.inc>. The C<-> in the name ensures that the file can't be
- mistaken for anything related to a legitimate perl package name, and
- not naming the file C<.c> avoids having to override Makefile.PL's
- C<.xs> to C<.c> rules.
-
- =item XS_FILE
-
- The name of the file to write containing the XS code. The default is
- C<const-xs.inc>.
-
- =item SUBNAME
-
- The perl visible name of the XS subroutine generated which will return the
- constants. The default is C<constant>.
-
- =item C_SUBNAME
-
- The name of the C subroutine generated which will return the constants.
- The default is I<SUBNAME>. Child subroutines have C<_> and the name
- length appended, so constants with 10 character names would be in
- C<constant_10> with the default I<XS_SUBNAME>.
-
- =back
-
- =cut
-
- sub WriteConstants {
- my %ARGS =
- ( # defaults
- C_FILE => 'const-c.inc',
- XS_FILE => 'const-xs.inc',
- SUBNAME => 'constant',
- DEFAULT_TYPE => 'IV',
- @_);
-
- $ARGS{C_SUBNAME} ||= $ARGS{SUBNAME}; # No-one sane will have C_SUBNAME eq '0'
-
- croak "Module name not specified" unless length $ARGS{NAME};
-
- open my $c_fh, ">$ARGS{C_FILE}" or die "Can't open $ARGS{C_FILE}: $!";
- open my $xs_fh, ">$ARGS{XS_FILE}" or die "Can't open $ARGS{XS_FILE}: $!";
-
- # As this subroutine is intended to make code that isn't edited, there's no
- # need for the user to specify any types that aren't found in the list of
- # names.
- my $types = {};
-
- print $c_fh constant_types(); # macro defs
- print $c_fh "\n";
-
- # indent is still undef. Until anyone implements indent style rules with it.
- foreach (C_constant ($ARGS{NAME}, $ARGS{C_SUBNAME}, $ARGS{DEFAULT_TYPE},
- $types, undef, $ARGS{BREAKOUT_AT}, @{$ARGS{NAMES}})) {
- print $c_fh $_, "\n"; # C constant subs
- }
- print $xs_fh XS_constant ($ARGS{NAME}, $types, $ARGS{XS_SUBNAME},
- $ARGS{C_SUBNAME});
-
- close $c_fh or warn "Error closing $ARGS{C_FILE}: $!";
- close $xs_fh or warn "Error closing $ARGS{XS_FILE}: $!";
- }
-
- package ExtUtils::Constant::Aaargh56Hash;
- # A support module (hack) to provide sane Unicode hash keys on 5.6.x perl
- use strict;
- require Tie::Hash if $ExtUtils::Constant::is_perl56;
- use vars '@ISA';
- @ISA = 'Tie::StdHash';
-
- #my $a;
- # Storing the values as concatenated BER encoded numbers is actually going to
- # be terser than using UTF8 :-)
- # And the tests are slightly faster. Ops are bad, m'kay
- sub to_key {pack "w*", unpack "U*", ($_[0] . pack "U*")};
- sub from_key {defined $_[0] ? pack "U*", unpack 'w*', $_[0] : undef};
-
- sub STORE { $_[0]->{to_key($_[1])} = $_[2] }
- sub FETCH { $_[0]->{to_key($_[1])} }
- sub FIRSTKEY { my $a = scalar keys %{$_[0]}; from_key (each %{$_[0]}) }
- sub NEXTKEY { from_key (each %{$_[0]}) }
- sub EXISTS { exists $_[0]->{to_key($_[1])} }
- sub DELETE { delete $_[0]->{to_key($_[1])} }
-
- #END {warn "$a accesses";}
- 1;
- __END__
-
- =back
-
- =head1 AUTHOR
-
- Nicholas Clark <nick@ccl4.org> based on the code in C<h2xs> by Larry Wall and
- others
-
- =cut
-