2.2 Setting the Document Folder for Macintosh computers.
2.3 Network Installation
2.4 Uninstalling Writer's Workshop
3. INITIAL LOG-ON
3.1 Creating a Class
3.2 Registering as a Teacher
3.3 Registering as a Student
3.4 Logging On
4. PASSWORDS
4.1 The Administrator Password
4.2 Class Password / Instructor Password
4.3 User Password
4.4 Changing Passwords
5. CLASSROOM FUNCTIONS
5.1 Privacy
5.2 Posting Announcements
5.3 Turning In Documents
5.4 Peer Editing
5.5 Messages
5.6 Conferencing
5.7 Writing Multiple Papers of the Same Type
6. DIRECTORY STRUCTURES AND FILE NAMES
6.1 Student Work Directories
6.2 Directory Structure -- Middle School version
6.3 Directory Structure -- High School version
6.4 Network Directories
7. NETWORK PERMISSIONS
8. SITE MANAGEMENT
8.1 Starting a New Semester
8.2 Security Issues -- Passwords
8.3 Security Issues -- Network Files
9. TROUBLESHOOTING
9.1 Macintosh General Control Panel for System 7.5
9.2 Running under Novell Netware 4.x
9.3 Running on a Macintosh with Only 8 MB of RAM
9.4 Running on a Macintosh with More Than 8 MB of RAM
9.5 Macintosh Guided Tour
9.6 Running on a Windows Computer with Only 8 MB of RAM
1. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
IBM®-compatible Computers
- minimum 386DX running at 33 MHz or higher (486 recommended):
- 14-inch color monitor capable of 256 colors at 640 x 480 resolution
- running Windows 3.x or higher and DOS 6.2 or higher
- 8 MB of RAM
- 10 MB free on hard disk
- QuickTime® for Windows (provided with the Writer's Workshop)
- Sound Blaster™ or other compatible sound card
Macintosh ® Computers
-minimum 68030 CPU running at 25MHz or higher: (Examples of Macintosh models that fit these requirements LCIII, IIci, Performa 450 and above, Quadra 605 and higher):
- 13-inch color monitor capable of 256 colors at 640 x 480 resolution
- running System 7.1 or higher
- 8 MB of RAM
- 10 MB free on hard disk
- QuickTime® for Macintosh (provided with the Writer's Workshop)
A double-speed CD-ROM drive and the appropriate CD-ROM software or drivers.
The Elements of Writing Writer's Workshop CD-ROM disc containing all the media items and navigation tools.
Audio headphones (recommended).
1.1 Network (LAN)
A dedicated network file server meeting the following minimum requirements:
IBM®-compatible Computers
Minimum 486DX running at 66MHz or higher:
- 16 MB of RAM
- Recommended: 2 MB of free hard disk space per user per semester [or 4 MB per year]
Macintosh® Computers
Minimum 68040 CPU running at 25MHz or higher: (Examples of Macintosh models that fit these requirements: Quadra, Power PC)
- 16 MB of RAM
- Recommended: 2 MB of free hard disk space per user per semester [or 4 MB per year]
Ethernet cards and cables
Novell Netware® 3.0 or higher, Windows NT™ 3.51 or higher, or Appleshare® 3.0 or higher network operating system
2. INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS
If you will be using Writer's Workshop in conjunction with a network, please refer to Network Installation, below, before proceeding.
2.1 To run the Setup program.
1. Insert the WRITER'S WORKSHOP CD-ROM into your CD-ROM drive.
2. FOR MACINTOSH®: Double-click the CD-ROM icon. Then double-click the SETUP icon.
FOR WINDOWS®: Choose the "Run" option under the FILE menu, and type "D:SETUP" (where "D:" represents your CD-ROM drive,) and then click OK. Click NEXT when prompted for a directory to install the program.
3. The installer is protected by a password. This password can be found in the Teacher's Manual; it is the first two words of the third line in the second column on page 57. Please type the words exactly as they appear in print, including capitalization.
4. Follow on-screen directions. You will be prompted to locate or choose a directory for Network Files. (Refer to Network Installation for specific directions on installing the program for use in conjunction with a network.)
FOR MACINTOSH: Simply click OK.
FOR WINDOWS: Type "C:\" and click OK.
5. Once installed, the Writer's Workshop folder or program group will appear on your desktop. Double-click the WRITER'S WORKSHOP icon to start the program.
2.2 Setting the Document Folder for Macintosh computers.
For Macintosh computers using System 7.5, it is important to change the Document Folder setting before students use the program:
1. From the Finder, open your SYSTEM FOLDER, and then open the CONTROL PANELS folder.
2. Double-click the GENERAL CONTROLS icon. In the "Documents" panel (lower right corner,) select the first radio button, which says "Folder that is set by the application" or "Folder that contains the application."
3. Close the General Controls window. Restart your Macintosh for the change to take effect.
4. Repeat the process for each Macintosh computer that will be used to run Writer's Workshop.
2.3 Network Installation
Whether you have a network or not, the installer requires a place for certain network files to be stored. If you don't have a network, you can specify any location on your hard disk. To use Writer's Workshop in conjunction with a network, you must install the program on the dedicated network server before installing the program on student workstations. When you are asked to specify a directory for network folders, make a note of the directory you choose so that you can locate the folder when installing Writer's Workshop on student workstations. The network folder will be called WWnet1 or WWnet2 depending on which version of Writer's Workshop you are installing.
Each student workstation must have the server volume mounted before running the Setup program. Also, the student workstation must have sufficient network privileges to create new directories on the server. During student workstation installation, you must identify both the server volume and the specific directory on that volume where the WWnet1 or WWnet2 directory was created.
1. FOR MACINTOSH: Click the pull-down menu in the Setup dialogue box and drag to select "Select Folder".
FOR WINDOWS: You will be prompted to type in the path to the network folder. It may be necessary to click NETWORK to locate the server.
2. Select the parent directory (i.e. the directory that contains the WWnet1 or WWnet2 directory); then click SELECT or OK. (Note: Do not select the WWnet1 or WWnet2 directory itself; this will create another WWnet1 or WWnet2 directory inside it.)
2.4 Uninstalling Writer's Workshop
FOR WINDOWS: There is an "Uninstall Writer's Workshop" icon in the program group. Double-clicking this icon removes Writer's Workshop with the following exceptions: It does not remove system resources, and it does not remove network installations.
3. INITIAL LOG-ON
3.1 Creating a Class
In order to get started, you will need to create a class. This will allow students to select your class from a list when they log on. Also, a folder will be created containing separate folders for each of your student's work.
To create a class, you must log on using the Administrator name (The Administrator) and password (admin). If you have previously changed the default Administrator Password, use the new password here.
1. Double-click the WRITER'S WORKSHOP icon to launch the program.
2. Click LIST NAMES.
3. Click to select the name "Administrator, The," and then click OK.
4. Enter the Administrator Password, and then click OK. Remember, passwords are case sensitive.
5. Next, click CLASS from the menu bar at the top of the screen, and select "Add/Modify Classes". (FOR MACINTOSH: You will be prompted for the Class Password; enter the Administrator Password, and then click OK.)
6. Click ADD.
7. Enter the name of the teacher and class, and enter a Class Password (Macintosh) or Instructor Password(Windows). (Note: FOR MACINTOSH: The Class Password will not be used to log on to Writer's Workshop; it will be used to post announcements and create conferencing transcripts. Refer to Passwords, below.)
8. Once you have entered information in every field, click ADD.
3.2 Registering as a Teacher (Macintosh only)
Teachers must register as users in their own classes. (Note: It is not necessary to register as a teacher if you are using the Windows version of Writer's Workshop.)
1. Quit the program; then, restart Writer's Workshop by double-clicking on the WRITER'S WORKSHOP icon.
2. When prompted for a name and password, enter your name as you want it to appear in e-mail, announcements, and chat sessions.
3. Enter a password, and then click REGISTER. (Note: For ease of use, you may decide to enter the same password that you used for the Class Password. Be sure to keep passwords secure.)
4. Click to select the name of the class you want to join; then, click OK.
If you teach more than one class, you will have to register for each class you teach. Repeat steps 1-4, entering the same name and password.
3.3 Registering as a Student
The first time a student logs on, he or she must register in a class. Here are the directions for students:
1. Start Writer's Workshop by double-clicking on the WRITER'S WORKSHOP icon.
2. Enter a unique name and password; then, click REGISTER. If a duplicate name exists, the program will indicate that the password is incorrect and you will have to enter a different name.
3. Click to select the name of the class; then, click OK.
Students may register in more than one class by repeating steps 1-3 and selecting a different class. Students who are registered in more than one class will be asked to choose from a list of classes each time they log on.
3.4 Logging On
Each time a student or teacher launches Writer's Workshop, he or she will be prompted for a name and password.
1. Type in your name, or click LIST NAMES to select your name from a list.
2. Type in your password. Remember, passwords are case sensitive.
3. Click OK or click REGISTER, and select a class if you have not registered previously.
4. PASSWORDS
FOR MACINTOSH: Teachers will have at least three passwords:
-The Administrator Password is shared by all teachers using the same copy of the program. It is required when you create new classes, etc. In order to perform Administrator functions you must also be logged on as The Administrator.
-The Class Password is required when you post announcements to your class, etc.
-The User Password is required when you log on to the program.
For convenience, you can enter the same word for both your Class Password and User Password. Also, you may register in more than one class using a single name and User Password.
FOR WINDOWS: Teachers will have at least two passwords:
-The Administrator Password is shared by all teachers using the same copy of the program. It is required when you create new classes, etc. In order to perform Administrator functions you must also be logged on as The Administrator.
-The Instructor Password is created when you add a new class. Teachers using the Windows version of the program can log on to the program using the Instructor name and Instructor Password that were setup when the class was created.
4.1 The Administrator Password
Each time you want to add or modify a class, or modify a user's name or password, you must log on as "The Administrator," using the Administrator Password. By default, the Administrator Password is "admin". However, after the initial use of the default password, you should change it, since all users have access to the default password in the Read Me file.
FOR MACINTOSH: To change the Administrator Password, you should change both the Class Password for the class named "General" and the User Password for the user named "The Administrator" as follows:
1. Log in using the Administrator name and password.
2. Click CLASS on the menu bar. Drag to select "Modify a User's Info."
3. Enter the Administrator Password, and then click OK.
4. Click to select "The Administrator", and then click MODIFY.
5. Enter a new password, and then click OK.
6. Click CLASS again on the menu bar. Drag to select "Add/Modify Classes."
7. Enter the Administrator Password, and then click OK.
8. Click to select "General," and then click MODIFY.
9. Enter a new Class Password, and then click OK. (Note: It is good practice to use the same password that you entered in step 4. Remember, passwords are case sensitive.)
These changes will not take effect until you restart the program. Remember, the new Administrator Password will be needed by all other teachers who perform Administrator functions on this copy of Writer's Workshop.
FOR WINDOWS:
1. Log in using the Administrator name and Password.
2. Click CLASS on the menu bar. Click to select "Change User Info."
3. Click to select "The Administrator," and then click OK.
4. Type in a new Instructor Password; then click OK.
Remember, the new Administrator Password will be needed by all other teachers who perform Administrator functions on this copy of Writer's Workshop.
4.2 Class Password / Instructor Password
Class Passwords (Macintosh) or Instructor Passwords (Windows) are defined when each class is created.
FOR MACINTOSH: The Class Password is not used to log on to Writer's Workshop; it is used whenever specific Administrator functions are performed. These functions include posting announcements and creating conferencing transcripts.
FOR WINDOWS: The Instructor Password is used to log on to Writer's Workshop. Logging on as an Instructor enables specific administrator functions including posting annoucements and creating conferencing transcripts.
4.3 User Password
User Passwords are used when logging on to Writer's Workshop. Students define their User Password when they register for the first time. For Macintosh only, teachers must register as a user in each of their own classes. For convenience, students or teachers can register in multiple classes using a single name and password.
4.4 Changing Passwords
If a student should lose his or her password, you must log on as The Administrator and use the Administrator Password in order to change the student's password.
1. Click to select "Modify a User's Info" from the CLASS menu.
2. Enter the Administrator Password. (Macintosh only)
3. Click to select the student's name, and then click OK.
4. Enter a new password, and then click MODIFY.
5. CLASSROOM FUNCTIONS
5.1 Privacy
Students should be cautioned that their work (including journal, notes, drafts, and reflections) is not encrypted and may be viewed by others even before it has been turned in.
While messages marked "Private" will only appear on the Message Board to the addressee, messages are not encrypted and may be opened like any other file.
Using your network software, it is possible to provide privacy by restricting user access to files and folders. Refer to your network software manual for instructions on restricting access to folders. Access should be granted as follows:
-Every student must have full access to the files and folders in the CLASSES directory.
-Students should be granted access only to their own files and folders in the USERS directory.
5.2 Posting Announcements
A convenient way to assign work to your class or to make general announcements is to use the Message Board.
1. Click CLASS from the menu bar at the top of the screen, and select "Post Announcements."
2. Enter the Class Password, and then click OK. (Macintosh only)
3. Type in your announcement or modify the existing announcements.
4. Click FILE from the menu bar, and select "Save".
Students can view your announcement by clicking the Message Board in the Workshop screen or by clicking CLASS on the menu bar and selecting "Announcements."
5.3 Turning In Documents
As a student works through a Writing Assignment, his or her work is saved automatically by the program. When a student is ready to share his or her work, he or she will use the "Turn in a Document" feature. Turning in a document will place a copy of the student's work in the Class Documents folder where it is available for Peer Editing or for the teacher to review.
(Note: For Macintosh computers, it is important to set the Document Folder settings in the General Control Panel according to the directions in Installing Writer's Workshop, above.)
To turn in all the open documents for the current Writing Assignment:
1. Click PUBLISHING at the left side of the screen, and select "Publishing."
2. Click TURN IN ALL DOCUMENTS.
To turn in a document that is not currently open:
1. Click PUBLISHING at the left side of the screen, and select "Publishing."
2. Click TURN IN ONE DOCUMENT.
3. Select the file to be turned in, and then click OPEN.
To read a document that has been turned in:
1. Click CLASS on the menu bar at the top of the screen, and select "Read a Document."
2. Double-click to open your specific class folder.
3. Double-click to open the DOCS folder; then, double-click to open the student's folder.
4. Click to select the document, and then click OPEN.
5.4 Peer Editing
Through a series of prompts, students are asked to review and comment on work that has been turned in by another student. Here are the directions for students:
1. Click CLASS on the menu bar at the top of the screen, and select "Read a Document."
2. Open another student's folder, and then open the file called DRAFT.PGF.
3. Click REVISING at the left side of the screen, and select "Peer Editing."
4. Answer the Peer Editing prompts using the WINDOW menu at the top of the screen to refer to the other student's paper.
5. You may want to print your comments or compose a message to the writer. To send your comments in a message, use the WINDOW menu at the top of the screen to refer to your Peer Editing comments. Use "Copy" and "Paste" (under the EDIT menu) to include your comments in the message.
5.5 Messages
Students and teachers can leave e-mail messages for the entire class or for one particular person in the class. Click WRITING from the menu bar at the top of the screen, and select "Messages."
By default, messages will be addressed to the entire class. To send a message to a particular person, replace the word "Everyone" at the top of the message with the name of a particular person. If you click the box marked "Private," only the addressee can read it from the Message Board. Other users, however, could access that message. (Refer to Privacy, above.) When sending private messages, it is important to type the name exactly as it has been registered, including capital letters. Private messages that are incorrectly addressed will be visible only to the sender.
5.6 Conferencing
Class members can start a chat or join an ongoing chat by clicking the phone in the center of the Workshop screen or by clicking WRITING on the menu bar and selecting "Conferencing."
The conferencing window is divided into two sections. To compose your message, type in the bottom section of the window. Your message is not visible to others until you click SEND. Your message will then appear in the top section of the window.
If new messages stop displaying in the top section of the window, it is necessary to save a transcript of the conference. This will clear the message buffer and allow the conference to continue.
To save a transcript of the conference during or at the conclusion of the session:
1. Click CLASS on the menu bar at the top of the screen, and select "Create Conferencing Transcript."
2. Enter the Class Password, and then click OK. (Macintosh only)
3. Select a folder where you want to save the transcript.
4. Type in a file name, and then click SAVE.
5.7 Writing Multiple Papers of the Same Type
Writer's Workshop automatically saves students' work to directories according to the type of paper they are composing (Evaluation, Cause and Effect, and so on). If a student wants to write more than one paper of the same type, the existing files in the student directories must be moved to a new folder; otherwise, new work will replace older work.
6. DIRECTORY STRUCTURES AND FILE NAMES
6.1 Student Work Directories
Each student's work is saved automatically in a personal directory inside the WWNET and USERS directories. The name of a student's directory is based on the student's login name and a number assigned by the program. For the purposes of the following section, this directory will be called {StudentWork}.
[DIRECTORY], in brackets, indicates the name of a directory. File names in all capital letters are ones that the program assigns when automatically saving student work. Lowercase letters indicate file names that will vary by assignment (see tables below).
In the {StudentWork} directory, you will find a separate directory for each writing assignment. Each of these assignment directories contains the following files:
nCHOOSE.DXT Choosing a Topic
nDEVELOP.DXT Developing a Topic
nORGANIZ.ORG Organizing a Topic
nDRAFT.PGF Drafting
nPEER1.PGF Peer Editing
nREFLECT.PGF Reflection
6.2 Directory Structure - Writer's Workshop 1
{StudentWork}
JOURNAL.PGF
[FIRSTBIO] assignment 1 Firsthand Biography
[OBSERV] assignment 2 Observational Essay
[AUTOBIO] assignment 3 Autobiographical Incident
[STORY] assignment 4 Story
[CAUSE] assignment 5 Cause and Effect
[REPORT] assignment 6 Report of Information
[EVALUAT] assignment 7 Evaluation
[PROBLEM] assignment 8 Problem Solution
6.3 Directory Structure - Writer's Workshop 2
{StudentWork}
JOURNAL.PGF
[CONTRO] assignment 1 Controversial Issue
[OBSERV] assignment 2 Observation
[AUTOBIO] assignment 3 Autobiographical Incident
[REFLECT] assignment 4 Reflective Essay
[CAUSE] assignment 5 Cause and Effect
[REPORT] assignment 6 Informative Report
[EVALUAT] assignment 7 Evaluation
[INTERP] assignment 8 Interpretation
6.4 Network Directories
[WWNET1] or [WWNET2]
[CLASSES]
[TADMIN01] Class ID
[ANNOUNCE] Announcements
[CHAT] Group discussion files
[DOCS] documents
[user1 files] user 1 documents
[user2 files] etc.
[user3 files] etc.
[MAIL] Mail files
(Additional directories for other classes)
[RECORDS]
allusers.dat list of all users
allclass.dat list of all classes
regtable.dat cross-referenced list
[USERS]
[TADMINIS.001] User ID (based on name)
{StudentWork--see list above}
(Additional directories for other users)
7. NETWORK PERMISSIONS
The Writer's Workshop needs full network permissions to the network directory on the server. The WWNET1 or WWNET2 directory and all its subdirectories need the following permissions for these operating systems:
AppleShare: Requires See Folders, See Files, Make Changes
8. SITE MANAGEMENT
8.1 Starting a New Semester
To begin a new semester or school year, it is good practice to archive the work of previous classes and students and then to reinstall Writer's Workshop. Even if one instructor teaches the same class two or more semesters in a row, the original directory setup for that class should be renamed or deleted so that the new semester's class list does not contain the names of students who are no longer enrolled in the course. There are two steps to this process:
First, rename or delete the WWnet1 or WWnet2 directory. Files within a renamed directory can still be accessed from Writer's Workshop by selecting "Open" from the FILE menu, navigating to the renamed directory, and opening a specific file. If server space is limited and directories must be deleted, it is recommended that you copy the folders and files on to floppy disks before deleting the WWnet1 or WWnet2 directory from the hard drive.
Second, after the WWnet1 or WWnet2 diretory has been renamed or deleted, you must reinstall Writer's Workshop. Refer to Installation Instructions, above.
8.2 Security Issues--Passwords
To maintain network security, the Administrator should change the default Administrator Password immediately after logging in. Refer to Passwords, above.
8.3 Security Issues--Network Files
Because the Writer's Workshop requires network permissions which allow everyone to create and delete files, special precautions must be taken to ensure that students' files are not changed or deleted by another user. There are a few ways to secure students' files.
- Make frequent back-ups.
All subdirectories and files within the WWNET1 or WWNET2 directory should be backed up regularly. In the unlikely event of a computer malfunction or accidental erasure, the back-up files can be restored and used as the current WWNET1 or WWNET2directory. Changes and additions created since the most recent back-up will be lost.
- While students need full network permissions to the files and directories in the CLASSES and RECORDS directories, they need full network permissions only to their own individual directories in the USERS directory. Give each student permissions for these directories only.
- Hide the Network directory so that users are less likely to find it.
Hiding directories and files does not provide any true level of security; however, by hiding files, you can decrease the chance of accidental changes to network files. Macintosh users can use a resource editor like ResEdit to make the network directory invisible from the finder; Windows users can use the DOS ATTRIB command to hide directories.
9. TROUBLESHOOTING
9.1 Macintosh General Control Panel for System 7.5
In the General Control Panel, the Document Folder feature tells the computer where to look for documents. The default for System 7.5 can conflict with the settings for Writer's Workshop. To fix this problem:
1. From the Finder, open your SYSTEM FOLDER, and then open the CONTROL PANELS folder.
2. Double-click the GENERAL CONTROLS icon. In the "Documents" panel (lower right corner,) select the first radio button, which says "Folder that is set by the application" or "Folder that contains the application."
3. Close the General Controls window. Restart your Macintosh for the change to take effect.
4. Repeat the process for each Macintosh computer that will be used to run Writer's Workshop.
9.2 Running under Novell Netware 4.x
To run properly, the AFP Estimated Offspring Count for your network should not be used. To change the setting:
1. Load AFPCON.NLM at the server console.
2. Select "Detailed Configuration" from the menu.
3. Select "Performance Enhancements" from the menu.
4. Set "Use AFP Estimated Offspring Count" to "No".
9.3 Running on a Macintosh with Only 8 MB of RAM
The Writer's Workshop will run on a machine with 8 MB of RAM. You can improve performance on these machines by changing settings in order to optimize use of memory. Specifically, you might reduce your memory cache and turn off unneeded extensions (Remember that you'll need the QuickTime Extension to run the Writer's Workshop.)
9.4 Running on a Macintosh with More Than 8 MB of RAM
To improve performance on a machine with more than 8 MB of RAM, increase the preferred memory in the "Get Info" box for the Writer's Workshop file. Increasing the memory will enable video and audio tracks to load more quickly and play more smoothly.
9.5 Macintosh Guided Tour
The Guided Tour will not run unless there is enough memory available. To run the tour from inside Writer's Workshop, you may have to increase the amount of available memory as described above. You also can run the tour by launching it as a separate application: Without starting Writer's Workshop, open the WRITER'S WORKSHOP CD, look in the TOUR folder, and double-click the WWTOUR icon.
9.6 Running on a Windows Computer with Only 8 MB of RAM
In order for Writer's Workshop to run on a machine with only 8 MB of RAM, the following steps must be taken (see your DOS or Windows manual for more information):
- Set up SmartDrive (SMARTDRV.EXE) to use 1 MB or less of memory.
- Using the 386 Enhanced control panel in Windows, set up a permanent 24000 KB swap file. (You may have to defragment your hard drive before you can create a permanent swap file.)
- If the 386 Enhanced control panel allows you to set a permanent cache, set it to 1024 KB.
- Quit all applications except the Program Manager.
