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ID:DX DESQview and DESQview/X: A Comparison
Quarterdeck Technical Note #266
by Michael Bolton
last revised October 26, 1992
What is DESQview?
DESQview is a multitasking environment for DOS. It is characterized by very
high speed, low processor, RAM, and disk overhead, and an unobtrusive, clean,
and efficient user interface. DESQview itself is text-based (one reason for
its speed and compactness) but allows and supports the running of graphical
applications within its windows. It does true pre-emptive multitasking,
within 640K and beyond, on all IBM-PC compatible machines. If you have LIM
EMS 3.2 exPANded Memory (EMS), you can run several EMS programs at the same
time. If you have Enhanced Expanded Memory (EEMS) or LIM EMS 4.0 Expanded
Memory, DESQview provides multitasking beyond the DOS 640K barrier.
DESQview allows you to write scripts (keystroke macros) that work with a
single application, or that can jump between multiple applications. You can
mark and transfer data between applications as well. The nicest thing about
DESQview is that it runs and multitasks off-the-shelf DOS applications; you do
not have to purchase applications designed specifically for the environment.
In addition DESQview has built-in a very powerful Application Program
Interface (API) so that programs written to be aware of DESQview's presence
will run even better under DESQview.
DESQview works on ANY processor in the Intel 8086 family or on compatible
processors. DESQview's feature set, including multitasking of DOS
applications, Scripts (keyboard macros), Mark and Transfer (interchange of
information between windows), menuing, DOS services, and logical drives, is
exactly the same on all processors.
The ability to multitask DOS applications on a processor less than a 386 is
dependent upon the size of the programs that you wish to multitask, and the
expanded memory hardware installed on your machine. More information on this
topic is provided in the Quarterdeck Technical Note 286.TEC -- DESQview on
8088, 8086, and 80286 Processors.
What is DESQview 386?
DESQview is its most powerful on 80386 PCs and PS/2s, when used with
Quarterdeck's Expanded Memory Manager - 386 (QEMM-386). We call this
combination DESQview 386. You can buy the two products packaged together as
DESQview 386; you can purchase QEMM-386 first, and later buy DESQview; or, if
you own DESQview and upgrade to an 80386 PC, you can add QEMM-386.
DESQview 386 not only gives you the multitasking, presentation management, and
data transfer capabilities built into DESQview, but it taps into the 80386's
powerful features: its virtual 8086 machine architecture and 32-bit protected
mode. By controlling these 80386 features, DESQview 386 uses your 386 PC's
conventional AND extended memory to multitask DOS and DOS-Extended programs.
Your DOS-Extended (VCPI) programs can run in either 286 (16-bit) or 386 (32-
bit) protected mode. And you can run several DOS-Extended programs
simultaneously. DESQview also supports Microsoft Windows -- that is, MS
Windows runs in Standard (or Real) Mode in a DESQview window. DESQview 386
takes advantage of the 80386's screen virtualization capabilities so that you
can run text or graphics (CGA, EGA, VGA, or Hercules) programs in small
windows and in background. This means AutoCAD can be plotting while your
spreadsheet is recalculating while your communications program is downloading
while you do something else.
QEMM-386, included in each DESQview 386, in its own right is a powerful
expanded, extended, and high memory manager. As an expanded memory manager,
it transforms your 386 PC or PS/2 memory into expanded memory compatible with
the EMS 3.2, EMS 4, and EEMS expanded memory specifications. This means that
you can run any DOS program that takes advantage of expanded memory. QEMM-386
is also an extended memory manager, compatible with the XMS extended memory
specification. QEMM-386 is also a VCPI memory manager, allowing you to run
DOS-Extended applications. Most importantly, QEMM-386 provides memory to your
applications in whatever flavour they desire ON DEMAND; the user need not know
or care what kind of memory an application requires -- QEMM-386 simply hands
over the memory the application asks for.
As a high memory manager, QEMM-386 enables you to load TSRs, device drivers,
and DOS resources, and parts of DESQview in the unused high memory area
between 640K-1M addresses. The benefit to you is more memory for your DOS
programs in the 640K area. Manifest, our memory analysis and reporting tool,
comes with every copy of QEMM-386.
What is the X Window System?
The X Window System, historically a Unix-based system because of Unix's
superior support for multitasking, logically separates programs from hardware
because it:
a) sets up a display server (consisting of a keyboard, a pointing device
(typically a mouse), a screen, and a program to drive it all) which
provides input and output services for...
b) client programs (applications), which do not access the hardware
directly, but instead communicate with the server through...
c) a well-structured communications protocol. This protocol can pass
messages between the X Server and X Clients within a single computer or
across a network; the application can therefore be running locally or
remotely on another machine using a different processor.
The X Window System therefore allows applications running simultaneously,
locally or remotely, to display in windows on a single workstation, regardless
of the operating system(s) on which the applications are running.
What is DESQview/X?
DESQview/X is a graphical environment that combines DESQview's multitasking
with the X Window System. It is easily customizable, and sports both text and
icon-based menuing front-ends. Scalable font technology allows many
applications to be visible at once. Microsoft Windows runs in DESQview/X
window. Scripts and Mark and Transfer are not only supported, but enhanced,
under DESQview/X. As a graphical environment it does require more processor
power than DESQview and benefits from higher-resolution and a video
coprocessor. System requirements for DESQview/X are a 386 or later processor;
4MB of memory (8 recommended if a lot of local processing is going on); EGA,
VGA, SVGA, 8514, or 256-colour DGIS video; a Microsoft-mouse compatible
pointing device; a 40MB hard drive (a full, all-the-bells-and-whistles
installation of DESQview/X requires 10MB of hard drive space).
The most technically significant features of DESQview/X relate to the X Window
System, which allows programs to participate in cross-platform distributed
processing. This allows users on the network to share not only disk drives,
printers, and communications hardware, but also processors, and the
applications running on other processors.
DESQview/X brings this technology to DOS. Not only does DESQview/X provide a
full X Server, capable of running applications written for X Window on other X
platforms (typically -- but not exclusively -- Unix), but it also turns DOS
text applications and Microsoft Windows into X Clients.
A user sitting at one workstation (a local machine) thus may start a process
running on a machine elsewhere on the network (a remote machine) and have the
display of that remote application directed to the local machine. The user
need not know or care which machine the application is actually running on nor
what operating system that machine is using. DESQview/X provides this
powerful technology to the DOS world. Users at DOS computers, Unix
workstations, or any other machine running an X Server (possibilities include
VAX, Macintosh, or ultimately any other type of computer that supports the X
Window System) may run programs remotely on any machine capable of supporting
X Clients. So long as both the local machine and the remote machine are
running an X server (either DESQview/X or any other implementation of an X
Server), X programs (called X Clients) can display on the local machine.
DESQview/X turns DOS text and Microsoft Windows applications into X Clients,
enabling these applications to run remotely just as if these programs had been
written specifically for X. These applications do not have to be rewritten or
modified to run in an X Window or to run remotely. Of course, DESQview/X
supports the running of X applications; X Clients can be running remotely from
non-DESQview/X systems. X Clients can also be run locally, if the application
has been ported from Unix-based X or written for DESQview/X -- in either case
using the DESQview/X development toolkits.
Remote computing requires an IPX or NetBIOS network (for DESQview/X to
DESQview/X computing) or a TCP/IP network (for DESQview/X to other X Systems).
Contact Quarterdeck for more details on this subject -- or download
Quarterdeck Technical Note #263: DESQview/X: Remote Computing, available on
the Quarterdeck BBS at (310) 314-3227, Compuserve (!GO QUARTERDECK), or large
local BBS systems, and also via our Q/FAX fax retrieval service; from the
handset of your fax machine, call (310) 314-3214, or in Canada, (416) 665-
5070.
Common Features:
* True pre-emptive multi-tasking
* Windowing in full screen and sized windows; tile, overlap or hide
windows
* Straightforward, logical menuing system
* Run any combination of DOS and Windows 3.x programs
* Mark and Transfer data between applications
* On-line, context-sensitive help
* Global and program-specific keystroke macros (Learn)
* Optional auto-start-up of selected programs
* Transparent support for networks, supports background gateway links
* Keyboard and mouse friendly
* Automatic printer contention management
* Multiple video options supported
* Easy automated install
Features Specific to DESQview/X:
* Scalable fonts inside DOS text windows
* Adobe Type Manager technology provides over 75 fonts, including 13
Adobe Type 1 Postscript fonts for X applications
* Support for high-resolution displays such as 8514 and super VGA
* Network Manager included for remote computing of DOS text and Windows
programs via IPX or NetBIOS
* 3-D graphical interface
* Choice of menu-driven or icon-driven user interface
* Easily customizable interface
* Icons, wallpaper and a great Icon Editor
* Graphical, point-and-click local OR remote file transfer
* Command-line file transfer utilities
* Print spooler
* System Monitor diagnostics
* Virtual memory for the X server and X programs
* Two games included: Tetris and multi-user Network Blaqjaq
* Perpetual calendar
* Analog/digital clock
* Graphical help engine
* Optional OSF/Motif and OPEN LOOK interfaces
* Optional Network Manager supports TCP/IP to allow DOS users to do remote
computing of applications on other X Window systems (typically, but not
exclusively UNIX and VMS systems); allows DOS applications to display on
and be controlled from Unix systems.
Features Specific to DESQview
* Autodialer
* On-the-fly performance tuning
* Allows programs to swap to disk when memory runs low
* Graphical DOS (i.e,. non-Windows, non-X) programs may run in background or
in a small window
************************************************************************
* Trademarks are property of their respective owners. *
*This technical note may be copied and distributed freely as long as it*
*is distributed in its entirety and it is not distributed for profit. *
* Copyright (C) 1992 by Quarterdeck Office Systems *
************************ E N D O F F I L E *************************