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-
- Standards Update
- An update on UNIX Standards Activities
-
- April 17, 1988
-
- Written for the USENIX Association
- by Shane P. McCarron, NAPS Inc.
-
- [This report was written at the request of the Board of
- Directors of the USENIX Association. In the interests of
- reducing article sizes and making followups easier to
- manage, I am posting it in three parts, divided according to
- the following topics:
- P1003.1 Final Balloting?
- NBS POSIX FIPS
- IEEE P1003 Activities
- -mod]
-
- This is the second in a series of reports on the UNIX
- standards community. In this article I will give you a
- summary of what happened at the March meeting of the POSIX
- committees. I will also explain what happened during the
- IEEE P1003.1 balloting, and why there is going to be another
- round of review and comment during May. In addition I will
- discuss what is going on with the National Bureau of
- Standards (NBS) Federal Information Processing Standards
- (FIPS), and how this will effect both implementors and
- programmers in the short and long term. Those of you who
- saw the first article in this series will remember that the
- title was "An update on UNIX and C Standards Activities."
- That changed this time because the ANSI X3J11 meeting isn't
- until mid-April, and there hasn't been too much going on
- between meetings (other than a public review). Next quarter
- I will return to the C arena as well.
-
- P1003.1 Final Ballot?
-
- Those of you who saw the first issue of this column may
- remember that I reported on the status of the P1003.1
- balloting. At that time I stated that the standards would
- be fully ratified in March... Well, I was wrong. Although
- the IEEE review board gave the standard conditional
- approval, it did not pass in it's first round of balloting,
- nor did it pass in the first recirculation for review and
- comment. Needless to say, I was a little surprised, but
- there were many factors that figured into the problem, and
- it just wasn't to be.
-
- P1003.1 Balloting?, April 17, 198S8hane P. McCarron, NAPS Inc.
-
-
- Standards Update - 2 - USENIX Association
-
- I have been asked by many people exactly what went on. In
- the interest of clearing the air, below you will find a
- chronological account of the balloting procedure. I have
- also outlined what the IEEE requirements for balloting are,
- and how P1003.1 worked within these constraints. Even
- though you many finish reading the summary with an uneasy
- feeling about the standards process, please keep in mind
- that until recently there have been no large IEEE standards.
- The procedures were designed for 4 page documents describing
- the characteristics of three-phase power, not for 400 page
- documents specifying all the characteristics of an operating
- system.
-
- On November 15th the Standard went out to the balloting
- group. The balloting group consists of IEEE or IEEE
- Computer Society members who have indicated an interest in
- voting on this standard. When a balloter votes no, they
- must return a document which states their specific
- objections, and what can be done to resolve them. Although
- specific wording is not required, it is encouraged.
-
- On December 15th (actually, a little after) balloting on the
- standard closed. The official IEEE length of a balloting
- period is 30 days, or until 75% of the balloting group
- members have returned a ballot, whichever is later. When
- 75% of the ballots had been returned, the standard did not
- have the necessary percentage of yes votes (75%) for
- approval. At this point the standard and the ballots were
- turned over to the Technical Reviewers for resolution.
-
- On January 15th (or so) the committee chair started to
- assemble the ballot resolution documents for recirculation
- to the balloting group. The resulting document was a
- summary of all the changes made to the standard to resolve
- balloting objections or comments. In all there were 140
- pages of changes, and (unfortunately) they were poorly
- organized and formatted. In my own defense (as a Technical
- Reviewer) I can only say that the process was rushed a
- little, and I procrastinated a little. Also, communication
- between the Technical Reviewers was a little lacking, and
- the guidelines for reviewing and acting on ballots were
- unclear. This is all kind of tragic, but it was certainly
- an educational experience for all concerned.
-
- On February 5th the resolution document was resubmitted to
- the balloting group for a 10 day review period that was to
- start on the 15th. Unfortunately the mail was held up until
- the 15th (or in some cases the 17th) and many balloting
- group members did not receive the recirculation document
- until the 20th or later, for return to the IEEE Standards
- office by the 25th. Worse yet, the IEEE balloting
-
- P1003.1 Balloting?, April 17, 198S8hane P. McCarron, NAPS Inc.
-
-
- Standards Update - 3 - USENIX Association
-
- procedures state that if the technical reviewers have
- resolved all objections in a ballot, that ballot
- automatically becomes a yes. The balloter must specifically
- indicate that his/her ballot is still negative. This was
- not made very clear to the balloting group, and many people
- did not resubmit a ballot.
-
- Fortunately many people did complain about the short review
- period and the problems with the recirculation document.
- Eventually it was discovered that the 10 day period that
- IEEE stipulates for reviews is a minimum, not a maximum.
- There was a lot of finger pointing and complaining on all
- sides, and in the end it was decided that even though the
- standard had the necessary 75% approval, there would be a
- second recirculation.
-
- During the week of March 7th the IEEE Standards Board met.
- In spite of all the problems with the standard, and all of
- the letters of protest that they received (including one
- from each of the Institutional Representatives, if I am not
- mistaken), the board conditionally approved the standard.
- [You're not mistaken: the Institutional Representatives of
- all three of USENIX, /usr/group, and X/OPEN sent letters of
- protest to the Standards Board; I also spoke to the
- Standards Activities Group directly about the time limit
- problem. -jsq] This conditional approval is an
- unprecedented event (as far as I can tell) and means that
- the standard can become fully ratified before the next
- meeting of the standards board once the second recirculation
- has been completed and it has sufficient positive ballots.
- There was a lot of screaming about this as well, but somehow
- it happened.
-
- During the week of March 14th the POSIX committees met in
- Washington D.C. Throughout the meetings the co-chair of
- P1003.1 met with each of the Technical Reviewers and very
- carefully went through their sections of the document,
- making sure that all objections and comments had been
- considered, processed, and responded to. This was an
- incredibly time consuming and painful process, but I believe
- that it resulted in a much better standard. During the last
- few weeks the Technical Reviewers have continued to work
- closely with the co-chair to get the second recirculation
- document put together. It should be completed and sent to
- the Technical Reviewers (as a safety check) in mid-April.
- Once the Reviewers think that it is clean enough, it will be
- sent out to the balloting group for a second review and
- comment period.
-
- The second recirculation will be handled quite a bit
- differently than the first. All members of the balloting
-
- P1003.1 Balloting?, April 17, 198S8hane P. McCarron, NAPS Inc.
-
-
- Standards Update - 4 - USENIX Association
-
- group will receive a new copy of the standard (Draft 12.3)
- that will have change bars only in those places where
- changes have been made as a result of balloting objections
- or comments. In addition, each balloter will receive a
- document detailing all of the unresolved objections, what
- their nature is, and why they were not resolved. The
- balloting group will have a longer period to respond to this
- document (> 10 days), but they shouldn't need much more
- time, as most of the changes in the document were already
- detailed in the first recirculation document (although they
- were not made in context - that is to say they were not in a
- new draft, but rather listed as changes to draft 12). At
- the end of this recirculation and balloting period it is
- believed by most members of the committee that the standards
- will be complete.
-
- The time frame for all of this is late April/early May.
-
- I apologize for the length of this summary, but I think it
- is important that everyone know just what happened. Of
- course, this is just one man's perspective, but I think that
- it is a fair one. I believe that the completed standard
- will be one which was carefully considered and designed,
- even if it won't make everyone happy.
-
- P1003.1 Balloting?, April 17, 198S8hane P. McCarron, NAPS Inc.
-
- Volume-Number: Volume 14, Number 5
-
-