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- [ Let me reiterate something that many people do not seem to realize:
- UNIX has *always* kept internal time in GMT; that is not an issue.
-
- Joe Yao's summary below covers most of the actual issues.
- If you do not agree with parts (or all) of it, submit your comments.
- But no flames please. This is a technical discussion newsgroup,
- not a boxing ring. -mod ]
-
- Date: Sat, 11 Jan 86 15:08:53 est
- From: seismo!hadron!jsdy@sally.UTEXAS.EDU (Joseph S. D. Yao)
- Organization: Hadron, Inc., Fairfax, VA
-
- Following this discussion, it is clear that a number of different
- things are needed. We need:
- (1) a way to be sure that logs are kept in one, single, system-
- appropriate time;
- (2) a way that people can set times reported to them to be meaningful;
- (3) a way that people can enter times in a way that is meaningful to
- the system, but also understood correctly by the machine (with at
- or cron or remind as cases in point);
- (4) a standard for individual machines to tell (over nets) other
- machines what time they think it is;
- (5) perhaps an 'rtime' facility, to know what time it is elsewhere?;
- [ Much work has been done on 4 and 5. I will post a followup article. -mod ]
- (6) a way to be sure that processes can't override system time limits
- by changing the time (such as with UUCP);
- (7) a way for system managers to be able to specify either a default
- "time zone" or a way of figuring out (from 0 to infinity) what
- the time really is/was.
- Probably several other things, as well.
-
- It's not clear that only one mechanism will take care of all of these.
- For instance, agreeing to allow a time zone specifier in input formats
- certainly addresses a lot of these. But, what about "Pothole IL Local
- Standard Time" (EST+0:04:17)? We will need some way to figure out time
- zones that are not exactly integral hours off from UCT. I don't like
- particularly the idea of user-written time agents, partly because I
- know how often "professional software engineer"s make little (or big)
- mistakes, especially in the area of not testing all boundary
- conditions, and I can imagine those who aren't constantly engineering
- software might make even more. Perhaps we can figure out a way to
- specify the rules for a time zone in a user-writable table, so that
- if politicians decide to mess us up even further we can just send a
- few lines of table over the net to patch the algorithm. Note that
- the algorithm s h o u l d work "from 0 to infinity."
-
- [ It should also work from zero to negative infinity. -mod ]
-
- And, of course,
- each process group (or maybe process) might want to have an idea of
- what its own expression of time is; but should be able to get at the
- system's idea, too. (Just for Rob Pike, a date -[lsv]?) As an under-
- lying time, of course, it is good to get machines to think and talk
- to each other in UCT (GMT), as radio operators do, since that is one
- of the things it was invented for!
-
- [ Once more: internal (kernel) UNIX time format is GMT, and that's also
- what has always been used on networks like the ARPANET for communication
- between systems, whether UNIX, TOPS-20, Multics, or whatever. -mod ]
-
- It is (so far) independent of
- astronomical or political changes in the "real" time. We'll see how
- this works once we start talking in terms of relativistic distances
- [;-)].
-
- [note: deference to rob pike, whose talk "cat -v considered harmful"
- was actually a good expose' on creeping featurism. -jsdy-]
-
- [ The talk of that name was originally given at the Toronto (Summer 1983)
- USENIX Conference and has an abstract in those proceedings. A paper in
- the same vein is:
-
- Pike1984. R. Pike and B. W. Kernighan, "Program Design
- in the UNIX Environment," [BLTJ1984], pp.
- 1595-1605, 1984.
-
- That journal issue is now selling for a reasonable price, I hear.
- (I don't know what the price is or what the telephone number is.)
-
- BLTJ1984. BLTJ, "The UNIX System," AT&T Bell
- Laboratories Technical Journal, vol. 63, no.
- 8, American Telephone and Telegraph Company,
- Short Hills, N.J., October 1984.
-
- And if you like the article, you'll love the book: :-)
-
- Kernighan1984. Brian W. Kernighan and Rob Pike, The UNIX
- Programming Environment, Prentice-Hall,
- Inc., New Jersey, 1984.
-
- -mod ]
- --
-
- Joe Yao hadron!jsdy@seismo.{CSS.GOV,ARPA,UUCP}
-
- Volume-Number: Volume 5, Number 16
-
-