home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
open in: 
MacOS 8.1
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Win98
|
DOS
browse contents |
view JSON data
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view as text
This file was processed as: Mailbox/MIME Entity
(archive/mbox).
| Confidence | Program | Detection | Match Type | Support
|
|---|
| 100%
| dexvert
| Newsgroup Content (archive/news)
| magic
| Supported |
| 100%
| dexvert
| Mailbox/MIME Entity (archive/mbox)
| magic
| Supported |
| 100%
| dexvert
| Internet Message Format (text/imf)
| magic
| Supported |
| 1%
| dexvert
| Text File (text/txt)
| fallback
| Supported |
| 100%
| file
| news, ASCII text
| default
| |
| 100%
| checkBytes
| Printable ASCII
| default
| |
| 100%
| dexmagic
| PrintFox/Pagefox WEAK
| default
| |
| 100%
| perlTextCheck
| Likely Text (Perl)
| default
| |
| 100%
| siegfried
| fmt/950 MIME Email (1.0)
| default
| |
| 100%
| detectItEasy
| Format: plain text[LF]
| default (weak)
| |
| 100%
| xdgMime
| message/news
| default
|
|
hex view+--------+-------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+
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|00000010| 6f 6e 2e 6d 69 74 2e 65 | 64 75 21 75 73 63 21 63 |on.mit.e|du!usc!c|
|00000020| 73 2e 75 74 65 78 61 73 | 2e 65 64 75 21 75 75 6e |s.utexas|.edu!uun|
|00000030| 65 74 21 70 69 70 65 78 | 21 6d 61 6e 74 69 73 21 |et!pipex|!mantis!|
|00000040| 6d 61 6e 74 69 73 21 6e | 6f 74 2d 66 6f 72 2d 6d |mantis!n|ot-for-m|
|00000050| 61 69 6c 0a 46 72 6f 6d | 3a 20 6d 61 74 68 65 77 |ail.From|: mathew|
|00000060| 20 3c 6d 61 74 68 65 77 | 40 6d 61 6e 74 69 73 2e | <mathew|@mantis.|
|00000070| 63 6f 2e 75 6b 3e 0a 4e | 65 77 73 67 72 6f 75 70 |co.uk>.N|ewsgroup|
|00000080| 73 3a 20 61 6c 74 2e 61 | 74 68 65 69 73 6d 2c 61 |s: alt.a|theism,a|
|00000090| 6c 74 2e 61 74 68 65 69 | 73 6d 2e 6d 6f 64 65 72 |lt.athei|sm.moder|
|000000a0| 61 74 65 64 2c 6e 65 77 | 73 2e 61 6e 73 77 65 72 |ated,new|s.answer|
|000000b0| 73 2c 61 6c 74 2e 61 6e | 73 77 65 72 73 0a 53 75 |s,alt.an|swers.Su|
|000000c0| 62 6a 65 63 74 3a 20 41 | 6c 74 2e 41 74 68 65 69 |bject: A|lt.Athei|
|000000d0| 73 6d 20 46 41 51 3a 20 | 43 6f 6e 73 74 72 75 63 |sm FAQ: |Construc|
|000000e0| 74 69 6e 67 20 61 20 4c | 6f 67 69 63 61 6c 20 41 |ting a L|ogical A|
|000000f0| 72 67 75 6d 65 6e 74 0a | 53 75 70 65 72 73 65 64 |rgument.|Supersed|
|00000100| 65 73 3a 20 3c 6c 6f 67 | 69 63 5f 37 35 34 38 32 |es: <log|ic_75482|
|00000110| 36 34 30 32 40 6e 65 77 | 73 2e 6d 61 6e 74 69 73 |6402@new|s.mantis|
|00000120| 2e 63 6f 2e 75 6b 3e 0a | 46 6f 6c 6c 6f 77 75 70 |.co.uk>.|Followup|
|00000130| 2d 54 6f 3a 20 61 6c 74 | 2e 61 74 68 65 69 73 6d |-To: alt|.atheism|
|00000140| 0a 44 61 74 65 3a 20 33 | 30 20 44 65 63 20 31 39 |.Date: 3|0 Dec 19|
|00000150| 39 33 20 31 30 3a 30 30 | 3a 30 34 20 2d 30 30 30 |93 10:00|:04 -000|
|00000160| 30 0a 4f 72 67 61 6e 69 | 7a 61 74 69 6f 6e 3a 20 |0.Organi|zation: |
|00000170| 4d 61 6e 74 69 73 20 43 | 6f 6e 73 75 6c 74 61 6e |Mantis C|onsultan|
|00000180| 74 73 2c 20 43 61 6d 62 | 72 69 64 67 65 2e 20 55 |ts, Camb|ridge. U|
|00000190| 4b 2e 0a 4c 69 6e 65 73 | 3a 20 36 38 31 0a 41 70 |K..Lines|: 681.Ap|
|000001a0| 70 72 6f 76 65 64 3a 20 | 6e 65 77 73 2d 61 6e 73 |proved: |news-ans|
|000001b0| 77 65 72 73 2d 72 65 71 | 75 65 73 74 40 6d 69 74 |wers-req|uest@mit|
|000001c0| 2e 65 64 75 0a 44 69 73 | 74 72 69 62 75 74 69 6f |.edu.Dis|tributio|
|000001d0| 6e 3a 20 77 6f 72 6c 64 | 0a 45 78 70 69 72 65 73 |n: world|.Expires|
|000001e0| 3a 20 31 30 20 46 65 62 | 20 31 39 39 34 20 31 30 |: 10 Feb| 1994 10|
|000001f0| 3a 30 30 3a 30 32 20 47 | 4d 54 0a 4d 65 73 73 61 |:00:02 G|MT.Messa|
|00000200| 67 65 2d 49 44 3a 20 3c | 6c 6f 67 69 63 5f 37 35 |ge-ID: <|logic_75|
|00000210| 37 32 34 35 36 30 32 40 | 6e 65 77 73 2e 6d 61 6e |7245602@|news.man|
|00000220| 74 69 73 2e 63 6f 2e 75 | 6b 3e 0a 4e 4e 54 50 2d |tis.co.u|k>.NNTP-|
|00000230| 50 6f 73 74 69 6e 67 2d | 48 6f 73 74 3a 20 73 75 |Posting-|Host: su|
|00000240| 6e 66 6f 72 65 73 74 2e | 6d 61 6e 74 69 73 2e 63 |nforest.|mantis.c|
|00000250| 6f 2e 75 6b 0a 4d 69 6d | 65 2d 56 65 72 73 69 6f |o.uk.Mim|e-Versio|
|00000260| 6e 3a 20 31 2e 30 0a 43 | 6f 6e 74 65 6e 74 2d 54 |n: 1.0.C|ontent-T|
|00000270| 79 70 65 3a 20 74 65 78 | 74 2f 70 6c 61 69 6e 3b |ype: tex|t/plain;|
|00000280| 20 63 68 61 72 73 65 74 | 3d 69 73 6f 2d 38 38 35 | charset|=iso-885|
|00000290| 39 2d 31 0a 43 6f 6e 74 | 65 6e 74 2d 54 72 61 6e |9-1.Cont|ent-Tran|
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|00000320| 2d 62 65 61 63 6f 6e 2e | 6d 69 74 2e 65 64 75 20 |-beacon.|mit.edu |
|00000330| 61 6c 74 2e 61 74 68 65 | 69 73 6d 3a 34 39 30 32 |alt.athe|ism:4902|
|00000340| 33 20 61 6c 74 2e 61 74 | 68 65 69 73 6d 2e 6d 6f |3 alt.at|heism.mo|
|00000350| 64 65 72 61 74 65 64 3a | 31 38 30 32 20 6e 65 77 |derated:|1802 new|
|00000360| 73 2e 61 6e 73 77 65 72 | 73 3a 31 33 34 35 33 20 |s.answer|s:13453 |
|00000370| 61 6c 74 2e 61 6e 73 77 | 65 72 73 3a 31 35 31 37 |alt.answ|ers:1517|
|00000380| 0a 0a 41 72 63 68 69 76 | 65 2d 6e 61 6d 65 3a 20 |..Archiv|e-name: |
|00000390| 61 74 68 65 69 73 6d 2f | 6c 6f 67 69 63 0a 41 6c |atheism/|logic.Al|
|000003a0| 74 2d 61 74 68 65 69 73 | 6d 2d 61 72 63 68 69 76 |t-atheis|m-archiv|
|000003b0| 65 2d 6e 61 6d 65 3a 20 | 6c 6f 67 69 63 0a 4c 61 |e-name: |logic.La|
|000003c0| 73 74 2d 6d 6f 64 69 66 | 69 65 64 3a 20 32 39 20 |st-modif|ied: 29 |
|000003d0| 4a 75 6c 79 20 31 39 39 | 33 0a 56 65 72 73 69 6f |July 199|3.Versio|
|000003e0| 6e 3a 20 31 2e 36 0a 0a | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 42 45 47 |n: 1.6..|-----BEG|
|000003f0| 49 4e 20 50 47 50 20 53 | 49 47 4e 45 44 20 4d 45 |IN PGP S|IGNED ME|
|00000400| 53 53 41 47 45 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 |SSAGE---|--.. |
|00000410| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | | |
|00000420| 20 20 20 43 6f 6e 73 74 | 72 75 63 74 69 6e 67 20 | Const|ructing |
|00000430| 61 20 4c 6f 67 69 63 61 | 6c 20 41 72 67 75 6d 65 |a Logica|l Argume|
|00000440| 6e 74 0a 0a 41 6c 74 68 | 6f 75 67 68 20 74 68 65 |nt..Alth|ough the|
|00000450| 72 65 20 69 73 20 6d 75 | 63 68 20 61 72 67 75 6d |re is mu|ch argum|
|00000460| 65 6e 74 20 6f 6e 20 55 | 73 65 6e 65 74 2c 20 74 |ent on U|senet, t|
|00000470| 68 65 20 67 65 6e 65 72 | 61 6c 20 71 75 61 6c 69 |he gener|al quali|
|00000480| 74 79 20 6f 66 20 61 72 | 67 75 6d 65 6e 74 0a 66 |ty of ar|gument.f|
|00000490| 6f 75 6e 64 20 69 73 20 | 70 6f 6f 72 2e 20 20 54 |ound is |poor. T|
|000004a0| 68 69 73 20 61 72 74 69 | 63 6c 65 20 61 74 74 65 |his arti|cle atte|
|000004b0| 6d 70 74 73 20 74 6f 20 | 70 72 6f 76 69 64 65 20 |mpts to |provide |
|000004c0| 61 20 67 65 6e 74 6c 65 | 20 69 6e 74 72 6f 64 75 |a gentle| introdu|
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|000004e0| 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 68 | 6f 70 65 20 6f 66 20 69 |in the h|ope of i|
|000004f0| 6d 70 72 6f 76 69 6e 67 | 20 74 68 65 20 67 65 6e |mproving| the gen|
|00000500| 65 72 61 6c 20 6c 65 76 | 65 6c 20 6f 66 20 64 65 |eral lev|el of de|
|00000510| 62 61 74 65 2e 0a 0a 4c | 6f 67 69 63 20 69 73 20 |bate...L|ogic is |
|00000520| 74 68 65 20 73 63 69 65 | 6e 63 65 20 6f 66 20 72 |the scie|nce of r|
|00000530| 65 61 73 6f 6e 69 6e 67 | 2c 20 70 72 6f 6f 66 2c |easoning|, proof,|
|00000540| 20 74 68 69 6e 6b 69 6e | 67 2c 20 6f 72 20 69 6e | thinkin|g, or in|
|00000550| 66 65 72 65 6e 63 65 20 | 5b 43 6f 6e 63 69 73 65 |ference |[Concise|
|00000560| 0a 4f 45 44 5d 2e 20 20 | 4c 6f 67 69 63 20 61 6c |.OED]. |Logic al|
|00000570| 6c 6f 77 73 20 75 73 20 | 74 6f 20 61 6e 61 6c 79 |lows us |to analy|
|00000580| 7a 65 20 61 20 70 69 65 | 63 65 20 6f 66 20 72 65 |ze a pie|ce of re|
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|000005a0| 72 6d 69 6e 65 20 77 68 | 65 74 68 65 72 0a 69 74 |rmine wh|ether.it|
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|000005d0| 61 6c 69 64 29 2e 20 20 | 4f 66 20 63 6f 75 72 73 |alid). |Of cours|
|000005e0| 65 2c 20 6f 6e 65 20 64 | 6f 65 73 20 6e 6f 74 20 |e, one d|oes not |
|000005f0| 6e 65 65 64 20 74 6f 0a | 73 74 75 64 79 20 6c 6f |need to.|study lo|
|00000600| 67 69 63 20 69 6e 20 6f | 72 64 65 72 20 74 6f 20 |gic in o|rder to |
|00000610| 72 65 61 73 6f 6e 20 63 | 6f 72 72 65 63 74 6c 79 |reason c|orrectly|
|00000620| 3b 20 6e 65 76 65 72 74 | 68 65 6c 65 73 73 2c 20 |; nevert|heless, |
|00000630| 61 20 6c 69 74 74 6c 65 | 20 62 61 73 69 63 0a 6b |a little| basic.k|
|00000640| 6e 6f 77 6c 65 64 67 65 | 20 6f 66 20 6c 6f 67 69 |nowledge| of logi|
|00000650| 63 20 69 73 20 6f 66 74 | 65 6e 20 68 65 6c 70 66 |c is oft|en helpf|
|00000660| 75 6c 20 77 68 65 6e 20 | 63 6f 6e 73 74 72 75 63 |ul when |construc|
|00000670| 74 69 6e 67 20 6f 72 20 | 61 6e 61 6c 79 7a 69 6e |ting or |analyzin|
|00000680| 67 20 61 6e 0a 61 72 67 | 75 6d 65 6e 74 2e 0a 0a |g an.arg|ument...|
|00000690| 4e 6f 74 65 20 74 68 61 | 74 20 6e 6f 20 63 6c 61 |Note tha|t no cla|
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|000006f0| 20 69 73 20 76 65 72 79 | 20 6d 75 63 68 20 6f 70 | is very| much op|
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|00000710| 54 68 69 73 20 64 6f 63 | 75 6d 65 6e 74 20 6d 65 |This doc|ument me|
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|00000730| 77 20 74 6f 20 75 73 65 | 20 6c 6f 67 69 63 2c 20 |w to use| logic, |
|00000740| 67 69 76 65 6e 20 74 68 | 61 74 20 79 6f 75 20 68 |given th|at you h|
|00000750| 61 76 65 20 61 6c 72 65 | 61 64 79 20 64 65 63 69 |ave alre|ady deci|
|00000760| 64 65 64 20 74 68 61 74 | 20 6c 6f 67 69 63 20 69 |ded that| logic i|
|00000770| 73 0a 74 68 65 20 72 69 | 67 68 74 20 74 6f 6f 6c |s.the ri|ght tool|
|00000780| 20 66 6f 72 20 74 68 65 | 20 6a 6f 62 2e 0a 0a 50 | for the| job...P|
|00000790| 72 6f 70 6f 73 69 74 69 | 6f 6e 73 20 28 6f 72 20 |ropositi|ons (or |
|000007a0| 73 74 61 74 65 6d 65 6e | 74 73 29 20 61 72 65 20 |statemen|ts) are |
|000007b0| 74 68 65 20 62 75 69 6c | 64 69 6e 67 20 62 6c 6f |the buil|ding blo|
|000007c0| 63 6b 73 20 6f 66 20 61 | 20 6c 6f 67 69 63 61 6c |cks of a| logical|
|000007d0| 20 61 72 67 75 6d 65 6e | 74 2e 20 41 0a 70 72 6f | argumen|t. A.pro|
|000007e0| 70 6f 73 69 74 69 6f 6e | 20 69 73 20 61 20 73 74 |position| is a st|
|000007f0| 61 74 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 77 68 69 63 68 20 69 73 |atement |which is|
|00000800| 20 65 69 74 68 65 72 20 | 74 72 75 65 20 6f 72 20 | either |true or |
|00000810| 66 61 6c 73 65 3b 20 66 | 6f 72 20 65 78 61 6d 70 |false; f|or examp|
|00000820| 6c 65 2c 20 22 49 74 20 | 69 73 0a 72 61 69 6e 69 |le, "It |is.raini|
|00000830| 6e 67 22 20 6f 72 20 22 | 54 6f 64 61 79 20 69 73 |ng" or "|Today is|
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|00000940| 77 6f 72 64 73 20 75 73 | 65 64 20 74 6f 20 65 78 |words us|ed to ex|
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|00000970| 54 68 65 72 65 20 65 78 | 69 73 74 73 20 61 0a 47 |There ex|ists a.G|
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|000009c0| 20 74 68 65 20 4d 6f 6e | 74 79 20 50 79 74 68 6f | the Mon|ty Pytho|
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|00003610| 63 6f 6d 6d 69 74 20 74 | 68 69 73 20 66 61 6c 6c |commit t|his fall|
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|00003af0| 70 69 6e 69 6f 6e 73 20 | 6f 6e 20 62 6c 61 63 6b |pinions |on black|
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|00003d90| 72 61 6c 20 72 75 6c 65 | 73 2e 0a 0a 43 4f 4e 56 |ral rule|s...CONV|
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|00003e90| 22 4a 69 6d 20 42 61 6b | 6b 65 72 20 77 61 73 20 |"Jim Bak|ker was |
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|00003ee0| 22 0a 0a 53 57 45 45 50 | 49 4e 47 20 47 45 4e 45 |"..SWEEP|ING GENE|
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|00003f40| 72 75 6c 65 20 69 73 20 | 61 70 70 6c 69 65 64 20 |rule is |applied |
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|00004000| 0a 0a 4e 4f 4e 20 43 41 | 55 53 41 20 50 52 4f 20 |..NON CA|USA PRO |
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|00004180| 63 20 45 72 67 6f 20 50 | 72 6f 70 74 65 72 20 48 |c Ergo P|ropter H|
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|00004360| 68 65 20 65 76 65 6e 74 | 73 2e 0a 0a 50 45 54 49 |he event|s...PETI|
|00004370| 54 49 4f 20 50 52 49 4e | 43 49 50 49 49 0a 0a 54 |TIO PRIN|CIPII..T|
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|000043a0| 69 73 65 73 20 61 72 65 | 20 61 74 20 6c 65 61 73 |ises are| at leas|
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|00004420| 61 20 70 72 65 6d 69 73 | 65 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f |a premis|e the co|
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|000044b0| 2e 20 20 46 6f 72 20 65 | 78 61 6d 70 6c 65 3a 0a |. For e|xample:.|
|000044c0| 0a 22 48 6f 6d 6f 73 65 | 78 75 61 6c 73 20 6d 75 |."Homose|xuals mu|
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