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Q U I C K B A S I C ███ ███ █████ ████ █████ █ █ █ █ █ █ █ █ █ █ █ █ █ █ █ █ █ █ █████ ████ █████ QBMIDI(TM) Library Overview S H A R E W A R E V E R S I O N 1 . 0 SHAREWARE PRICE $20.00 Developed by: AskUs! Technology Specialists PO Box 737 Bountiful, UT 84011-0737 QBMIDI is a Trademark of AskUs! Technology Specialists (c) 1990 AskUs. All rights reserved. Hello and welcome to QBMIDI. If you use MIDI and you program using Microsoft QuickBASIC or BASIC PDS, then we're confident you'll love the QBMIDI library, since it gives you to access and control your MIDI'ed instruments using simple QuickBASIC compatible calls. QBMIDI V1.0 is a fully functional library of utilities that provide you with access to all of your MIDI instruments connected through a Roland MPU401 or compatible MIDI interface. You can play your instruments via QuickBASIC as well as receive MIDI information and send MIDI commands to your MIDI'ed instruments. It's simple, fast, and best of all ... you'll be in control of your MIDI instruments! Included with this document file (QBMIDI.DOC), you'll find the following related files: QBM-DEM1.BAS Initial demonstration program that features a few simple MIDI commands and general starting place to view source examples of QBMIDI's use. QBM-DEM2.BAS A demonstration program that generates music based constraints you provide. Not only does it show working examples of your computer controlling your MIDI instruments, it's interesting to hear the sounds created. We invite you to add functions and modify both of the demo programs to suit your needs. QBM-DEM3.BAS A simple keyboard split program. QBMIDI.QLB A QuickBASIC 4.5 environment QuickLibrary that provides you access to QBMIDI functions from within the QuickBASIC programming environment (QB.EXE). QBMIDI.LIB A linkable library suitable for linking to your result .EXE programs. Once linked, the QBMIDI calls you use become an integral part of your compiled program. QBMIDI.ORD Order information for the advanced MUSICIANS QBMIDI V2.0 which contains numerous advanced MIDI functions that are not included with this Shareware version. A QUICK OVERVIEW OF QBMIDI's V1.0 FUNCTIONS ------------------------------------------- CALL STATEMENT WHAT IT DOES -------------- --------------------------------------------- CALL SeeIfMPUExists(Found) If Midi Controller (MPU401) or compatible is found in your system CALL ResetMpu Resets the MPU to power on state CALL SetDataInStopMode Turns off some of the MPU's intelligence you'll be controlling it via QuickBASIC CALL PlayNote(Note, Velocity) Plays a Note, striking it as you would from a keyboard with different strike velocities, or turns off a note currently playing CALL AllNotesOff All notes off currently playing turned off CALL ChangePatchTo (NewPatch) Change the patch (voice) currently in use to New Patch CALL ReceiveMidiData(Value) Receive any midi data that may be coming in. It listens to MIDI being sent back. CALL OmniModeOn Turn on Omni, where all MIDI data will be played by all synthesizer channels. CALL OmniModeOff Set Omni Off, where MIDI channel data is only received by the synthesizer's channel CALL SetToPolyMode Set multi-voice mode CALL SetToMonoMode Set to Mono-voice mode The demo programs make use of all functions found in QBMIDI 1.0, and describe usage within the source code of the demo programs. We encourage experimentation with the demo programs to gain a better understanding while having some fun. FOR NEW QUICKBASIC PROGRAMMERS ------------------------------ For new programmers, like we were at one time,we've tried to aim our examples at your level. QuickBASIC's library and sub functions can be somewhat tricky at first, so we've listed what you should type to get the libraries loaded and running. If you're a pro at QuickBASIC please excuse the lengthy descriptions, as we want everyone to get to make music as fast as possible with the least amount of problems. USING QBMIDI WITHIN THE QUICKBASIC PROGRAMMING ENVIRONMENT (QB.EXE) ------------------------------------------------------------------- Two libraries are provided with QBMIDI, one called QBMIDI.QLB (the Quick Library) and QBMIDI.LIB (the Linkable library). When working within the QuickBASIC programming environment (ie. using QB.EXE), you have the option to load a QuickLibrary at the time you start QB.EXE. We make use of this feature to enables you to use all of QBMIDI call routines while debugging your programs. To start QuickBASIC with QBMIDI library functions available you would type the following: QB /L QBMIDI <Enter> Note: The file QBMIDI.QLB should be placed in the same directory with your other QB library files (typically the same directory where the file QB.EXE is found). You may also start QB.EXE with QBMIDI by adding the pathname where to find QBMIDI.QLB (ie. QB /L Pathname\QBMIDI) If when starting QB.EXE you receive this error message: Cannot find file (QBMIDI.QLB). Input path: you may type in a new path name, but we recommend control ^C and re-entering a correct pathname from startup. By doing this now, you'll save time when compiling your programs to .EXE executable's. If you are greeted with the Microsoft QuickBASIC environment, without seeing any error messages, you can assume that QBMIDI.QLB was loaded and its functions are available. For some reason QuickBASIC doesn't tell you what library is loaded of if the load went OK so we just say no news is good news. WITHIN THE QUICKBASIC PROGRAMMING ENVIRONMENT --------------------------------------------- To use any of the QBMIDI commands, you simply call the command as you would a local SUB function. Don't worry if you don't know how to use SUB's since QBMIDI does not use the SUB capabilities, but is merely called like one. For example: Any good midi program should first check to see if an MPU401 controller is present, connected, and ready for data. To find out we use the QBMIDI SeeIfMPUExists command. The full QuickBASIC call syntax is: CALL SeeIfMPUExists(Found) When run, the QBMIDI.QLB library function named SeeIfMPUExists is called and returns a value in the variable called Found. SeeIfMPUExists returns the value of zero (0) for no MPU found and -1 indicating an MPU was located. NOTE: If you receive the message Subprogram Not Found, this indicates you've not loaded QB using the /L option. See the examples above and restart QB.EXE. Each QBMIDI command functions in this same way, with one exception. Some commands require that you set the variables values before calling. For example: If playing a note, we us the PlayNote command with the following syntax. Note=60 'Middle C Velocity = 64 'Moderate strike velocity CALL PlayNote (Note,Velocity) 'Use QBMIDI playnote to play In the above example, the values were set before calling the routine. The following table lists the QBMIDI command and a quick description of how it is used. CALL STATEMENT SEND/RETURNED -------------- --------------------------------------------- CALL SeeIfMPUExists(Found) Found = 0 if no MPU is found Found = -1 if MPU is found and ready CALL ResetMpu Resets the MPU to power on state. No variable is given or returned. Use sparingly to reset MPU if another program modifies it. This will not stop notes in play. Use AllNotesOff. CALL SetDataInStopMode Turns off some of the MPU's intelligence. No variable is sent or returned. Note = n Note to play. Range 0 to 127 where 60=Middle C Velocity = n Strike velocity. Range 0 to 127 where 1=soft 127=hardest, and 0= turn note off. CALL PlayNote(Note, Velocity) Plays a Note, passes variables Note, Velocity To turn note off, pass note number with the velocity set at zero (0). Note and velocity variables are left unchanged after call. CALL AllNotesOff All notes off currently playing turned off. No variable is sent or returned. NewPatch = n Patch number to change to, range 0 - 127 CALL ChangePatchTo (NewPatch) Change the patch (voice) currently in use to New Patch number given. NewPatch variable is left unchanged after the call. CALL ReceiveMidiData(Value) Receive any midi data that may be coming in from synthesizers or keyboards. Several midi bytes may be sent in succession, so your routines should be ready to catch all that are sent. See QBM-DEM2.BAS for more. CALL OmniModeOn Turn on Omni, where all MIDI data will be played by all synthesizer channels. No variables are passed or returned. CALL OmniModeOff Set Omni Off, where MIDI channel data is only received by the synthesizer's channel. No variables are passed or returned. CALL SetToPolyMode Set multi-voice mode. No variables are passed or returned. CALL SetToMonoMode Set to Mono-voice mode. No variables are passed or returned. Call up the program titled QBM-DEM1.BAS by using the FILE OPEN command and view it's contents. This demo program shows a few of the basics and illustrates how we call the routines from QuickBASIC. COMPILING PROGRAMS FROM QUICKBASIC SO THEY CAN USE QBMIDI --------------------------------------------------------- One nice feature within QuickBASIC is its ability to compile your program to a standalone or runtime .EXE file and use the library you started with. Since you started QB using the /L QBMIDI command, Quick-BASIC will automatically use the QBMIDI.LIB (run version of QBMIDI) file when it compiles your program. To compile you're program, use Alt select, Run, Make EXE file. Your screen should resemble the following. Select Make EXE and Exit and QuickBASIC will compile your program and exit. To run the example below after compile, you type QBM-DEM1 <Enter>. File Edit View Search <RUN> Debug Calls Options Help ┌─────────────────────────────── Untitled ──────────────────────────┤├─┐ │ ┌───────────────────────── Make EXE File ───────────────────────┐ │ │ ┌────────────────────────────────────────────┐ │ ░ │ │ EXE File Name: │QBM-DEM1.EXE │ │ ░ │ │ └────────────────────────────────────────────┘ │ ░ │ │ │ ░ │ │ [ ] Produce Debug Code Produce: │ ░ │ │ ( ) EXE Requiring BRUN45.EXE │ ░ │ │ (X) Stand-Alone EXE File │ ░ │ ├───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤ ░ │ │ < Make EXE > < Make EXE and Exit > < Cancel > < Help > │ ░ │ └───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘ ░ ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ If you wish a further discussion of linking libraries, we refer you to your Microsoft documentation. PDS7 (BASIC 7.x) USERS ---------------------- Please write us about receiving PDS7.x compatible versions of QBMIDI.QLB and QBMIDI.LIB. We'll also supply QBMIDI.OBJ so you may add the functions to other libraries you have. CONCLUSION ----------- We hope you, like us, enjoy making music and we feel making music with Quick- BASIC is more fun than writing any other type of program. As you experiment you may find referring to the MIDI specification helpful or related MIDI books helpful in understanding what's going on. We also want you to know about our MUSICIANS VERSION of QBMIDI, that contains added features such as: o Independent receive and Transmit over all 16 midi channels o Record and Playback using the MPU401 o Facilities for MIDI dumps, voice dumps, etc. o Direct access to transmit and receive MIDI data o Metronome On/Off o Tempo adjustment o Customization to your synth's features o Superb Printed documentation o And much more ... You may order MUSICIANS QBMIDI V2.0 by sending $45.00 cash or check (we'll pay shipping to you by return mail) with your return address info to: AskUs! QBMIDI 2.0 PO Box 737 Bountiful, UT 84011-0737 We thank you for trying QBMIDI and hope you find making QB Music as enjoyable as we have. Best Regards, AskUs!