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- #T*** CABLE CONFIGURATION ***
- #C4,R5
- ~Y~I~zThe Straight-Through Cable:~N
- #BN,6,7,77,15,3,0,1,7,0,7
- A Straight-through cable connects a wire from pin 1 on side 1 to
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- pin 1 on side 2. Another wire from pin 2 on side 1 connects pin 2
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- on side 2. Still another wire from pin 3 side 1 connects pin 3
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- side 2, and so on.
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- The standard PC-to-modem cable is an example of the straight
- through cable.
- #BN,6,20,77,24,3,0,1,3,15,6
- The 25 pins of RS-232 was designed with the straight through cable
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- in mind.
- #WN
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- #C4,R5
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- ~W~I~zA Small Cable Problem Example:~N
- #BN,5,9,76,15,3,0,1,5,0,7
- Let's say we have a client with a modem as it turns out never
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- applies power to pin 5, CTS. It powers up pin 6, DSR, and 8,
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- DCD, when carrier is detected.
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-
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- ~W~IThe state of the leads were determined by use of a tester
- called |Break Out Box|.~N
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- ~W~IThe terminal will not communicate without the CTS lead in
- |high state|.~N
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- #C4,R5
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- ~W~ISolution:~N
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- #BN,5,9,79,22,3,0,1,11,15,6
- Construct a cable that is straight-through except for pin 5. We know
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- DCD is working and switches to high state during a communication
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- attempt. Since the PC is looking for a CTS on pin 5, place a jumper
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- wire from DCD pin 8 to pin 5 in the connector at the PC side. Now when
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- DCD is raised, CTS will also go to a high state and show activity.
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- Your client will be very happy with your success.
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- #WP,N
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- #C4,R5
- ~W~I~zPC-to-PC and DTE to Serial Printer Cable Design:~N
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- ~Y~I~yNow we will design a cable many people find useful.~N ~HMany cables are
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- just variations of the straight-through cable.~N Others are designed
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- to solve the |null modem| problem. ~W~I~gRemember, RS-232 is designed to
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- connect DTEs to DCEs.~N Both the printer and terminals have DTE-type
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- interfaces. ~Y~I~FAccording to the RS-232 standard, you can not directly
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- connect two DTE interfaces.~N ~W~I~yDTE-type interface require modem (DCE)
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- circuits between them.~N
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- #WP
- #QQ,B,5
- QUICK QUESTION:
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- A TYPE OF CABLE SUCH THAT PIN 1 THROUGH PIN 25 ON ONE
- SIDE IS WIRED TO PINS 1 THROUGH 25 ON THE OTHER SIDE
- IS CALLED:
- STRAIGHT THROUGH
- STRAIGHT,through,straight through
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- %
- #EF
- #T
- #BN,5,5,79,11,3,0,1,5,15,6
- One solution would be to hook up a modem to the printer, another
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- to the terminal, and run the shortest phone line you've ever seen
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- between two modems.
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- #BN,5,13,79,19,3,0,1,5,15,5
- A better solution would be to construct a cable which allows us
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- to avoid the two modems, called a modem elimimator or null modem
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- cable.
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- ~H~FRemember~N, ~Hwe're trying to get two DTE's to talk to each other.
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- Both are trying to transmit on line 2 and receive on line 3.~N
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- TD 2 -------------------- 3 RD
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- RD 3 -------------------- 2 TD
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- SG 7 -------------------- 7 SG
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- #C4
- ~K~Y~IThis is a simple null modem cable without control leads.~N~k ~W~I~cLine 7
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- is included because it is the signal ground and must be present to
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- ensure that both sides agree on what a high signal and a low signal
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- represents.~N ~FNotice pins 2 and 3 are crossed~N.
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- #C4,R6
- ~W~I~mMany times the simple null modem cable works because most software
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- packages make only minimal use of control leads.~N ~Y~IMost have no
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- need of control leads at all if flow control is not needed.~N ~W~I~yA
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- Break Out Box is used to determine whether flow control leads are being used
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- during transmissions.~N
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- ~Y~I~rContinuing the development of the more complex null modem cable using
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- flow control, next we address power status lines 6 and 20.~N
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- #WP,N
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- #C4,R6
- ~Y~I~mBoth Terminals are DTEs and they're both activating line 20 while
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- at the same time looking for activity on line 6, DSR.~N
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- ~Y~I~FNeither of the DTE's are activating lead 6.~N ~Y~I~gWe can address this in
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- one of two ways. One preserves the |handshake protocol|, the other one
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- does not.~N
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- ~W~I~yThe method that preserves the handshake is the crossover: 6 on side 1
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- to 20 on side 2. Lead 20 on side 1 to 6 on side 2.~N
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- NULL MODEM CABLE
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- TD 2 -------------------- 3 RD
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- RD 3 -------------------- 2 TD
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- DSR 6 -------------------- 20 DTR
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- SG 7 -------------------- 7 SG
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- DTR 20 ------------------- 6 DSR
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- #BN,6,20,79,22,3,0,1,1,14,4
- The handshake configuration looks like the above design
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- #WP,N
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- #C4,R7
- ~Y~I~rThe second null modem cable design does not preserve handshake.~N
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- ~HConsider that all each side need is to see activity on line 6
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- when there is activity on line 20.~N ~Y~I~gWe solve this by wrapping the
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- lines around on each side so that each side is controlling its
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- own DTR and DSR.~N ~W~I~yWhen the terminal activates DTR on line 20, DSR
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- on line 6 is also activated in this configuration.~N ~HDSR on line 6
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- will maintain a +3 volts and remain high as long as DTR is high.~N
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- #WP,N
- #QQ,B,4
- QUICK QUESTION:
-
- WHICH RS232 LEAD ENSURES EACH SIDE KNOWS THE
- DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A "HIGH SIGNAL" AND A "LOW SIGNAL" ?
- PIN 7
- 7,pin7,seven
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- ~G~I NULL MODEM CABLE
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-
- TD 2 -------------------- 3 RD
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- RD 3 -------------------- 2 TD
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- SG 7 -------------------- 7 SG
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- DSR 6 -- -- 6 DSR
- L L
- DTR 20 -- -- 20 DTR
- ~N
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- #BN,6,20,79,22,3,0,1,1,14,4
- In this configuration, link DTR to DSR on each side of the cable.
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- #C5,R4
- ~W~I~zAdvantages:~N
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- ~H~KWhich is the better null modem design?~N~k ~W~I~cIf the equipment actually
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- uses lead 6 and 20, you need the handshake crossover method.~N ~Y~IIf you
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- are using equipment that does not use handshaking, it doesn't matter
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- which method.~N ~W~I~yIf you are running long cables and the number of wires
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- in each cable is important cost-wise, the no-handshake method is
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- the better one to use.~N
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- ~Y~I~rThe RTS and CTS are completed in a similar manner. You can cross
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- leads 4 and 5 from one side of the cable to the next or link leads 4
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- and 5 on each side.~N
- #WP,N
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- ~HNULL MODEM CABLE
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- TD 2 -------------------- 3 RD
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- RD 3 -------------------- 2 TD
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- RTS 4 -------------------- 5 CTS
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- CTS 5 -------------------- 4 RTS
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- DSR 6 -------------------- 20 DTR
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- SG 7 -------------------- 7 SG
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- DTR 20 ------------------- 6 DSR~N
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- ~Y~I~rRTS/CTS Control leads added~N
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- #WP,N
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- #C5,R5
- ~W~I~yLast is the DCD |carrier| lead pin 8.~N ~HMany software packages require
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- a DCD signal before |polling| is activated.~N ~Y~I~rSince DCD is an input
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- for the equipment on both sides of the cable, we need a active lead
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- to connect them to.~N
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- ~W~I~cWe can link the DCD on each side of the cable to lead 20, DTR.~N
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- ~H~FShown on the next page is the complete null modem cable with
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- control leads~N. ~W~I~rThis cable can be used from a DTE-type terminal
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- to a serial printer or for communications between two personal
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- computers.~N
- #WP,N
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- ~W~I NULL MODEM CABLE
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- TD 2 -------------------- 3 RD
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- RD 3 -------------------- 2 TD Link Carrier leads
- to
- RTS 4 -------------------- 5 CTS Data terminal ready
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- CTS 5 -------------------- 4 RTS
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- SG 7 -------------------- 7 SG
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- DTR 20 ------------------- 6 DSR
- L
- DCD 8 ----------------- 8 DCD
- L
- DSR 6 ------------------- 20 DTR ~N
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- ~Y~I~rRTS/CTS Control leads added~N
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- #WP,N
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- #SK,R,R,1
- #T15,1
- #BO,20,7,60,17,7,1,1,8,15,1
- WASN'T THAT A FUN AND INTERESTING
- CHAPTER !!
-
- NOW TRY THE CABLE CONFIGURATION TEST.
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- PAGEBACK IF YOU NEED TO REVIEW BEFORE
-
- YOU TAKE IT.
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- #AC,32,11,15,1,~b~W~I~FGOOD LUCK, ~U1~N
- #WP,N
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- #QT,Q,RS232-3
- #WP,N
- #QT,T,RS232-3
- #W,N,P
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- #EF
- #SK,R,R,3
- #VNOTFREE.VOI
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