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Extensible Markup Language | 2006-12-29 | 539KB | 22 lines

■<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-16"?> <!DOCTYPE glossary SYSTEM "gloss.dtd"> <glossary><locSection><locItem locItemID="BannerRevTableButtonText">English Table</locItem><locItem locItemID="BannerRevTableButtonTooltip">View all English terms</locItem><locItem locItemID="EmptyText">There are no glossary terms that begin with this letter.</locItem><locItem locItemID="RevHeader">English Glossary Reference Table</locItem><locItem locItemID="RevLocTermColHeader">Localized</locItem><locItem locItemID="RevOriginalTermColHeader">English</locItem><locItem locItemID="See">See definition for:</locItem><locItem locItemID="SeeAlso">See also:</locItem></locSection><glossSection><glossLetter bookmark="groupA">A</glossLetter><entry entryID="account_manager"><term originalTerm="account manager ">account manager </term><group target="groupA"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:account_manager"/><def><para>A Microsoft employee who is the primary contact for the business relationship between the OEM and Microsoft. </para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="glos_glo_cade"><term originalTerm="ACPI ">ACPI </term><group target="groupA"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:glos_glo_cade"/><seeEntry seeTermID="gls_acpi"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="activation"><term originalTerm="activation ">activation </term><group target="groupA"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:activation"/><seeEntry seeTermID="windows_product_activation"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_activedirectory"><term originalTerm="Active Directory ">Active Directory </term><group target="groupA"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_activedirectory"/><def><para>The directory service that stores information about objects on a network and makes this information available to users and network administrators. Active Directory gives network users access to permitted resources anywhere on the network using a single logon process. It provides network administrators with an intuitive, hierarchical view of the network and a single point of administration for all network objects.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_domain"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_forest"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_active_directory_manager"><term originalTerm="Active Directory Users and Computers ">Active Directory Users and Computers </term><group target="groupA"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_active_directory_manager"/><def><para>An administrative tool used by an administrator to perform day-to-day Active Directory administration tasks. The tasks that can be performed with this tool include creating, deleting, modifying, moving, and setting permissions on objects stored in the directory. Examples of objects in Active Directory are organizational units, users, contacts, groups, computers, printers, and shared file objects.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_access_permission"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_activedirectory"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_object"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_active_partition"><term originalTerm="active partition ">active partition </term><group target="groupA"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_active_partition"/><def><para>A partition from which an x86-based computer starts up. The active partition must be a primary partition on a basic disk. If you use Windows exclusively, the active partition can be the same as the system volume.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_basic_disk"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_primary_partition"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_system_partition"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="x86"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_active_volume"><term originalTerm="active volume ">active volume </term><group target="groupA"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_active_volume"/><def><para>The volume from which the computer starts up. The active volume must be a simple volume on a dynamic disk. You cannot mark an existing dynamic volume as the active volume, but you can upgrade a basic disk containing the active partition to a dynamic disk. After the disk is upgraded to dynamic, the partition becomes a simple volume that is active.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_active_partition"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_basic_disk"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_dynamic_disk"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_dynamic_volume"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_simple_volume"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="adapter"><term originalTerm="adapter ">adapter </term><group target="groupA"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:adapter"/><seeEntry seeTermID="gls_device"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="add_on_devices"><term originalTerm="add-on devices ">add-on devices </term><group target="groupA"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:add_on_devices"/><def><para>Devices that are traditionally added to the base PC system to increase functionality, such as audio, networking, graphics, or SCSI controller. Add-on devices fall into two categories: devices built onto the system board, and devices on expansion cards, added to the system through a system board connector, such as PCI.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="administrator"><term originalTerm="administrator ">administrator </term><group target="groupA"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:administrator"/><def><para>In Windows&nbsp;XP Professional and Windows&nbsp;XP Home Edition, a person responsible for making system changes on the local computer. For example, an administrator, on the local computer, can install software, maintain local user and group accounts, assign passwords and permissions, and manage local files. In Windows&nbsp;XP Professional, administrators are members of the local administrators group and have full control over the local computer.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_access_permission"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_domain_controller"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_group_account"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_password"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_user_account"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_acpi"><term originalTerm="Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) ">Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) </term><group target="groupA"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_acpi"/><def><para>An open industry specification that defines power management on a wide range of mobile, desktop, and server computers and peripherals. ACPI is the foundation for the OnNow industry initiative that allows system manufacturers to deliver computers that start at the touch of a keyboard. ACPI design is essential to take full advantage of power management and Plug and Play.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_plug_and_play"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="agent"><term originalTerm="agent character ">agent character </term><group target="groupA"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:agent"/><def><para>An interactive animated character who guides users through Windows Welcome. The character interacts with the user in ways similar to the natural aspects of human social communication. Characters can respond using synthesized speech, recorded audio, or text in a cartoon word balloon.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="windows_welcome"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_allocation_unit_size"><term originalTerm="allocation unit ">allocation unit </term><group target="groupA"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_allocation_unit_size"/><def><para>The smallest amount of disk space that can be allocated to hold a file. All file systems used by Windows organize hard disks based on allocation units. The smaller the allocation unit size, the more efficiently a disk stores information. If you do not specify an allocation unit size when formatting the disk, Windows picks default sizes based on the size of the volume. These default sizes are selected to reduce the amount of space that is lost and the amount of fragmentation on the volume. Also called a cluster.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_file_system"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_ascii"><term originalTerm="American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) ">American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) </term><group target="groupA"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_ascii"/><def><para>A standard single-byte character encoding scheme used for text-based data. ASCII uses designated 7-bit or 8-bit number combinations to represent either 128 or 256 possible characters. Standard ASCII uses 7 bits to represent all uppercase and lowercase letters, the numbers 0 through 9, punctuation marks, and special control characters used in U.S. English. Most current x86-based systems support the use of extended (or "high") ASCII. Extended ASCII allows the eighth bit of each character to identify an additional 128 special symbol characters, foreign-language letters, and graphic symbols.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_unicode"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="answer_file"><term originalTerm="answer file ">answer file </term><group target="groupA"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:answer_file"/><def><para>A text file that scripts the answers for a series of graphical user interface (GUI) dialog boxes. The answer file for Setup is commonly called Unattend.txt, but for a network preinstallation, you can name the file anything you like. For a CD-based Setup, the answer file must be named Winnt.sif. The answer files for Sysprep are Sysprep.inf and Winbom.ini. You can create or modify these answer files in a text editor or through Setup Manager.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="unattend_txt"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="anti_aliasing"><term originalTerm="anti-aliasing ">anti-aliasing </term><group target="groupA"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:anti_aliasing"/><def><para>A software technique for smoothing the jagged appearance of curved or diagonal lines caused by poor resolution on a display screen. Methods of anti-aliasing include surrounding pixels with intermediate shades and manipulating the size and horizontal alignment of the pixels.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="api"><term originalTerm="API ">API </term><group target="groupA"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:api"/><seeEntry seeTermID="dcgls_api"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="apic"><term originalTerm="APIC ">APIC </term><group target="groupA"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:apic"/><def><para>Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller. A distributed set of devices that form an interrupt controller.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_appletalk"><term originalTerm="AppleTalk ">AppleTalk </term><group target="groupA"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_appletalk"/><seeEntry seeTermID="gls_apple_talk_protocol"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_apple_talk_protocol"><term originalTerm="AppleTalk Protocol ">AppleTalk Protocol </term><group target="groupA"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_apple_talk_protocol"/><def><para>The set of network protocols on which AppleTalk network architecture is based. The AppleTalk Protocol is installed with Services for Macintosh to help users access resources on a network.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_resource"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_protocol"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="dcgls_api"><term originalTerm="application programming interface (API) ">application programming interface (API) </term><group target="groupA"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:dcgls_api"/><def><para>A set of routines that an application uses to request and carry out lower-level services performed by a computer's operating system. These routines usually carry out maintenance tasks such as managing files and displaying information.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="aspect_ratio"><term originalTerm="aspect ratio ">aspect ratio </term><group target="groupA"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:aspect_ratio"/><def><para>The relationship of width and height for an image. When an image is displayed on different screens, the aspect ratio must be kept the same to avoid either vertical or horizontal distortion.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="assigned_configuration"><term originalTerm="assigned configuration ">assigned configuration </term><group target="groupA"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:assigned_configuration"/><def><para>The resources contained in the device node that are allocated for the device. For Plug and Play cards, the assigned resources for a device can change dynamically or from one system start-up to the next.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="asynchronous"><term originalTerm="asynchronous ">asynchronous </term><group target="groupA"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:asynchronous"/><def><para>Not dependent on timing. Each application or command runs in the specified order, but the specified item does not wait for any previously started processes to finish before application or command runs.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_aal"><term originalTerm="ATM adaptation layer (AAL) ">ATM adaptation layer (AAL) </term><group target="groupA"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_aal"/><def><para>The layer of the ATM protocol stack that parses data into the payload portion of the ATM cell for transport across an ATM network.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="attach"><term originalTerm="attach ">attach </term><group target="groupA"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:attach"/><def><para>Run the Setup program for an application that is already staged on the destination computer.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="stage"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="destination_computer"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="detach"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_attributes"><term originalTerm="attribute ">attribute </term><group target="groupA"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_attributes"/><def><para>For files, information that indicates whether a file is read-only, hidden, ready for archiving (backing up), compressed, or encrypted, and whether the file contents should be indexed for fast file searching. In Active Directory, a property of an object. For each object class, the schema defines which attributes an instance of the class must have and which additional attributes it might have.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_object"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="auditing"><term originalTerm="audit mode ">audit mode </term><group target="groupA"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:auditing"/><def><para>Verifying, before it is delivered to the end user, that the fully-manufactured computer functions as expected. After auditing, always reseal the operating system to reset the first-run experience for the user.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_authentication"><term originalTerm="authentication ">authentication </term><group target="groupA"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_authentication"/><def><para>The process for verifying that an entity or object is who or what it claims to be. Examples include confirming the source and integrity of information, such as verifying a digital signature or verifying the identity of a user or computer.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_smart_card"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="authorized_distributor"><term originalTerm="authorized distributor ">authorized distributor </term><group target="groupA"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:authorized_distributor"/><def><para>An independent company licensed by Microsoft Licensing, Inc. to manage the production and distribution of multipacks of Windows XP OEM products to system builders. If you purchase Microsoft software from someone other than a Microsoft authorized distributor, you run the risk of purchasing counterfeit software, which usually has many of the following problems: missing drivers, missing documentation, viruses, bugs, and other defects. Installing legitimate Microsoft products prevents customer problems and reduces requests for customer support.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="authorized_replicator_"><term originalTerm="authorized replicator ">authorized replicator </term><group target="groupA"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:authorized_replicator_"/><def><para>An independent company licensed by Microsoft Licensing, Inc. to manage the production and distribution of Microsoft OEM products for royalty OEMs. Microsoft Licensing, Inc. supplies the authorized replicator with the master components, manufacturing and assembly specifications, and other pertinent instructions. The authorized replicator manufactures and assembles genuine Microsoft products to exact specifications. The benefits of using an authorized replicator include protection against piracy, consistent high-quality software, and competitive prices.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="autologon"><term originalTerm="autologon ">autologon </term><group target="groupA"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:autologon"/><def><para>Automatically logging on to the computer using the Administrator account when the computer restarts.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_apipa"><term originalTerm="Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA) ">Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA) </term><group target="groupA"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_apipa"/><def><para>A TCP&#47;IP feature in Windows&nbsp;XP and products in the Windows&nbsp;Server family that automatically configures a unique IP address from the range 169.254.0.1 through 169.254.255.254 and a subnet mask of 255.255.0.0 when the TCP&#47;IP protocol is configured for dynamic addressing and a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server is not available. The APIPA range of IP addresses is reserved by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA), and IP addresses within this range are not used on the Internet.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="ip_address_def"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_dhcp"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_dhcp_server"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_trans_internet"/></scopeDef></entry></glossSection><glossSection><glossLetter bookmark="groupB">B</glossLetter><entry entryID="gls_bandwidth"><term originalTerm="bandwidth ">bandwidth </term><group target="groupB"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_bandwidth"/><def><para>In analog communications, the difference between the highest and lowest frequencies in a specific range. For example, an analog telephone line accommodates a bandwidth of 3,000 hertz (Hz), the difference between the lowest (300 Hz) and highest (3,300 Hz) frequencies it can carry. In digital communications, bandwidth is expressed in bits per second (bps).</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_bits_per"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="base_character"><term originalTerm="base character ">base character </term><group target="groupB"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:base_character"/><def><para>A character that has meaning independent of other characters, or any graphical character that is not a diacritical mark.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_basic_disk"><term originalTerm="basic disk ">basic disk </term><group target="groupB"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_basic_disk"/><def><para>A physical disk that can be accessed by MS-DOS and all Windows-based operating systems. Basic disks can contain up to four primary partitions, or three primary partitions and an extended partition with multiple logical drives. If you want to create partitions that span multiple disks, you must first convert the basic disk to a dynamic disk using Disk Management or the Diskpart.exe command-line tool.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_dynamic_disk"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_extended_partition"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_logical_drive"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_primary_partition"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_bios"><term originalTerm="basic input/output system (BIOS) ">basic input/output system (BIOS) </term><group target="groupB"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_bios"/><def><para>On x86-based computers, the set of essential software routines that test hardware at startup, start the operating system, and support the transfer of data among hardware devices. The BIOS is stored in read-only memory (ROM) so that it can be executed when you turn on the computer. Although critical to performance, the BIOS is usually invisible to computer users.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_efi"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_rom"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="x86"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_basic_volume"><term originalTerm="basic volume ">basic volume </term><group target="groupB"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_basic_volume"/><def><para>A primary partition or logical drive that resides on a basic disk.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_basic_disk"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_logical_drive"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_primary_partition"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="bidi"><term originalTerm="bidi ">bidi </term><group target="groupB"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:bidi"/><def><para>Bi-Directional text. A mixture of characters that are read from left to right and characters that are read from right to left. For example, most Arabic, Hebrew, Farsi, and Urdu characters are read from right to left, but numbers and quoted Western terms within these languages' text are read from left to right.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="bios"><term originalTerm="BIOS ">BIOS </term><group target="groupB"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:bios"/><seeEntry seeTermID="gls_bios"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="bios_enumerator"><term originalTerm="BIOS enumerator ">BIOS enumerator </term><group target="groupB"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:bios_enumerator"/><def><para>Responsible in a non-ACPI Plug and Play system for identifying all hardware devices on the motherboard of the computer. The BIOS supports an API that allows all Plug and Play computers to be queried in a common manner.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_bit"><term originalTerm="bit (binary digit) ">bit (binary digit) </term><group target="groupB"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_bit"/><def><para>The smallest unit of information handled by a computer. One bit expresses a 1 or a 0 in a binary numeral, or a true or false logical condition. A group of 8 bits makes up a byte, which can represent many types of information, such as a letter of the alphabet, a decimal digit, or other character. Also known as a binary digit.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="bit_specifications"><term originalTerm="bit specifications ">bit specifications </term><group target="groupB"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:bit_specifications"/><def><para>Numbers of colors or levels of gray that can be displayed at one time. Controlled by the amount of memory in the computer's graphics controller card. An 8-bit controller can display 256 colors or levels of gray; a 16-bit controller, 64,000 colors; and a 24-bit controller, 16.8 million colors.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="bitmap"><term originalTerm="bitmap ">bitmap </term><group target="groupB"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:bitmap"/><def><para>A file format for images used to customize the graphics in an Internet Explorer Administration Kit (IEAK) package.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_bits_per"><term originalTerm="bits per second (bps) ">bits per second (bps) </term><group target="groupB"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_bits_per"/><def><para>The number of bits transmitted every second, used as a measure of the speed at which a device, such as a modem, can transfer data.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_modem_gloss"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_boot_partition"><term originalTerm="boot partition ">boot partition </term><group target="groupB"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_boot_partition"/><def><para>The partition that contains the Windows operating system and its support files. The boot partition can be, but does not have to be, the same as the system partition.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_partition"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_primary_disk"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_system_partition"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="bootstrap_loader"><term originalTerm="bootstrap loader ">bootstrap loader </term><group target="groupB"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:bootstrap_loader"/><def><para>A program that is run automatically when a computer is turned on, or booted. After first performing a few basic hardware tests, the bootstrap loader loads and passes control to a larger loader program, which typically then loads the operating system. The bootstrap loader typically resides in the computer's read-only memory (ROM).</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_rom"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="branding"><term originalTerm="branding ">branding </term><group target="groupB"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:branding"/><def><para>To incorporate a company name, logo, support information, and Help files into the Microsoft Windows installation.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="broadband"><term originalTerm="broadband ">broadband </term><group target="groupB"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:broadband"/><def><para>Of or relating to communications systems in which the medium of transmission (such as a wire or fiber-optic cable) carries multiple messages at a time, each message modulated on its own carrier frequency by a modem.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="browser_def"><term originalTerm="browser ">browser </term><group target="groupB"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:browser_def"/><def><para>Software that interprets the markup of files in HTML, formats them into Web pages, and displays them to the end user. Some browsers also permit end users to send and receive e-mail, read newsgroups, and play sound or video files embedded in Web documents.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="worldwideweb_def"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="build_to_order"><term originalTerm="build-to-order ">build-to-order </term><group target="groupB"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:build_to_order"/><def><para>To manufacture a computer according to a customer's specification.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="build_to_plan"><term originalTerm="build-to-plan ">build-to-plan </term><group target="groupB"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:build_to_plan"/><def><para>To manufacture computers according to a general specification.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_built_in_groups"><term originalTerm="built-in groups ">built-in groups </term><group target="groupB"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_built_in_groups"/><def><para>The default security groups installed with the operating system. Built-in groups have been granted useful collections of rights and built-in abilities. In most cases, built-in groups provide all the capabilities needed by a particular user. For example, members of the built-in Backup Operators group can back up and restore files and folders. To provide a needed set of capabilities to a user account, assign it to the appropriate built-in group.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_bus"><term originalTerm="bus ">bus </term><group target="groupB"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_bus"/><def><para>A communication line used for data transfer among the components of a computer system. A bus essentially allows different parts of the system to share data. For example, a bus connects the disk-drive controller, memory, and input&#47;output ports to the microprocessor.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_expansion_slot"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_universal_serial_bus"/></scopeDef></entry></glossSection><glossSection><glossLetter bookmark="groupC">C</glossLetter><entry entryID="cable_modem"><term originalTerm="cable modem">cable modem</term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:cable_modem"/><def><para>A modem that sends and receives data through a coaxial cable television network instead of telephone lines.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_cache"><term originalTerm="cache ">cache </term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_cache"/><def><para>A special memory subsystem in which frequently used data values are duplicated for quick access.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_cache_file"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_cache_file"><term originalTerm="cache file ">cache file </term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_cache_file"/><def><para>A file used by Domain Name System (DNS) servers and clients to store responses to DNS queries. For Windows DNS servers, the cache file is named Cache.dns by default.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_cache"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_caching"><term originalTerm="caching ">caching </term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_caching"/><def><para>The process of temporarily storing recently accessed information in a special memory subsystem for quicker access.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_cache"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="cal"><term originalTerm="CAL ">CAL </term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:cal"/><seeEntry seeTermID="client_access_license__cal_"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="cd_boot"><term originalTerm="CD boot ">CD boot </term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:cd_boot"/><def><para>Starting a computer from the retail product CD-ROM and then installing Windows on the hard disk using the Setup program on the CD. This method is much slower than installing Windows from a network and is not recommended. For an unattended Setup using the CD boot method, the Unattend.txt file must be named Winnt.sif. The user can select in the winnt.sif if they want to manually select the partition or have it automatically selected.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="cd_rom"><term originalTerm="CD-ROM ">CD-ROM </term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:cd_rom"/><def><para>Compact disc read-only memory. A form of storage characterized by high capacity (roughly 650 MB) and the use of laser optics rather than magnetic means for reading data.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_certificate"><term originalTerm="certificate ">certificate </term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_certificate"/><def><para>A digital document that is commonly used for authentication and to secure information on open networks. A certificate securely binds a public key to the entity that holds the corresponding private key. Certificates are digitally signed by the issuing certification authority and can be issued for a user, a computer, or a service. The most widely accepted format for certificates is defined by the ITU-T X.509 version 3 international standard.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_certification_authority"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_private_key"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_public_key"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_service"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="certificate_of_authenticity"><term originalTerm="certificate of authenticity (COA) ">certificate of authenticity (COA) </term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:certificate_of_authenticity"/><def><para>A label with sophisticated anti-counterfeiting features that helps the end user identify that the computer is using a validly licensed copy of Microsoft Windows. The product name and a unique product key appear in the center of the label. The OEM must physically attach the COA label to the computer chassis, and it should never be removed from the computer.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_crl"><term originalTerm="certificate revocation list (CRL) ">certificate revocation list (CRL) </term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_crl"/><def><para>A document maintained and published by a certification authority that lists certificates that have been revoked.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_certificate"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_certification_authority"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_certificate_template"><term originalTerm="certificate template ">certificate template </term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_certificate_template"/><def><para>A Windows construct that specifies the format and content of certificates based on their intended usage. When requesting a certificate from a Windows enterprise certification authority (CA), certificate requestors can select from a variety of certificate types that are based on certificate templates.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_certificate"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_certification_authority"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_ctl"><term originalTerm="certificate trust list (CTL) ">certificate trust list (CTL) </term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_ctl"/><def><para>A signed list of root certification authority certificates that an administrator considers reputable for designated purposes, such as client authentication or secure e-mail.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_certificate"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_certification_authority"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_root_certificate"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_certification_authority"><term originalTerm="certification authority (CA) ">certification authority (CA) </term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_certification_authority"/><def><para>An entity responsible for establishing and vouching for the authenticity of public keys belonging to subjects (usually users or computers) or other certification authorities. Activities of a certification authority can include binding public keys to distinguished names through signed certificates, managing certificate serial numbers, and certificate revocation.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_certificate"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_public_key"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_root_authority"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="character"><term originalTerm="character ">character </term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:character"/><def><para>The simplest element used to represent written languages. The appearance of a character is not constant; a character's appearance depends on the font used, as well as the context of surrounding text.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="checkpoint"><term originalTerm="checkpoint ">checkpoint </term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:checkpoint"/><def><para>An identifier for a specific page or a conceptually related set of pages that tracks the user's navigation through Windows Welcome.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_child_object"><term originalTerm="child object ">child object </term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_child_object"/><def><para>An object that resides in another object. A child object implies relation. For example, a file is a child object that resides in a folder, which is the parent object.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_object"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_parent_object"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="clean_system"><term originalTerm="clean system ">clean system </term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:clean_system"/><def><para>An installation of Windows that has not been modified and has not had any additional software installed on it.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="cleartype_"><term originalTerm="ClearType ">ClearType </term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:cleartype_"/><def><para>A font display technology that dramatically improves font display resolution so that letters on the computer screen appear smooth, not jagged. ClearType dramatically improves the readability of text on color LCD monitors with a digital interface, such as those found in laptops and high-quality flat-panel desktop displays.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_client_only"><term originalTerm="client ">client </term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_client_only"/><def><para>Any computer or program connecting to, or requesting the services of, another computer or program. Client can also refer to the software that enables the computer or program to establish the connection. For a local area network (LAN) or the Internet, a computer that uses shared network resources provided by another computer (called a server).</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_server_only"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="client_access_license__cal_"><term originalTerm="client access license (CAL) ">client access license (CAL) </term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:client_access_license__cal_"/><def><para>A license that specifies the number of users or devices that can connect to and use software located on a server.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_cluster"><term originalTerm="cluster ">cluster </term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_cluster"/><def><para>In data storage, the smallest amount of disk space that can be allocated to hold a file. All file systems used by Windows organize hard disks based on clusters, which consist of one or more contiguous sectors. The smaller the cluster size, the more efficiently a disk stores information. If no cluster size is specified during formatting, Windows picks defaults based on the size of the volume. These defaults are selected to reduce the amount of space that is lost and the amount of fragmentation on the volume. Also called an allocation unit. In computer networking, a group of independent computers that work together to provide a common set of services and present a single-system image to clients. The use of a cluster enhances the availability of the services and the scalability and manageability of the operating system that provides the services.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_client_only"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_file_system"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="cmdlines_txt"><term originalTerm="Cmdlines.txt ">Cmdlines.txt </term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:cmdlines_txt"/><def><para>A text file that GUI-mode Setup executes when installing optional components, such as applications.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="coa"><term originalTerm="COA ">COA </term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:coa"/><seeEntry seeTermID="certificate_of_authenticity"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_code_page"><term originalTerm="code page ">code page </term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_code_page"/><def><para>A means of providing support for character sets and keyboard layouts for different countries or regions. A code page is a table that relates the binary character codes used by a program to keys on the keyboard or to characters on the display.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="codec"><term originalTerm="codec">codec</term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:codec"/><def><para>Hardware that can convert audio or video signals between analog and digital forms (coder&#47;decoder); hardware or software that can compress and uncompress audio or video data (compression&#47;decompression); or the combination of coder&#47;decoder and compression&#47;decompression. Generally, a codec compresses uncompressed digital data so that the data uses less memory.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="collateral"><term originalTerm="collateral ">collateral </term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:collateral"/><def><para>The end-user manual and any other items the OEM packages with a new computer.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="compatible_id"><term originalTerm="compatible ID ">compatible ID </term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:compatible_id"/><def><para>An ID used by the Plug and Play Manager. If Plug and Play does not locate a match for the device hardware ID, Plug and Play installs the driver .inf file associated with the compatible ID.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="composite_character"><term originalTerm="composite character ">composite character </term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:composite_character"/><def><para>A text element consisting of a base character and a diacritic or accent mark. Although most common in the Latin script, other scripts (including Greek, Devanagari, and Tamil) also have composite characters.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="config_set"><term originalTerm="config set">config set</term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:config_set"/><seeEntry seeTermID="configuration_set"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="configuration_manager"><term originalTerm="Configuration Manager ">Configuration Manager </term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:configuration_manager"/><def><para>The Windows Plug and Play system component that drives the process of locating devices, setting up their nodes in the hardware tree, and running the resources allocation process. Each of the three phases of configuration management--boot time, real mode, and protected mode--have their own configuration managers.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="configuration_set"><term originalTerm="configuration set ">configuration set </term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:configuration_set"/><def><para>A file and folder structure that contain the necessary configuration settings that control the preinstallation process and define the manufacturers' custom information.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="configure_to_order"><term originalTerm="configure-to-order ">configure-to-order </term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:configure_to_order"/><def><para>To manufacture a computer according to a customer's specification by customizing a pre-existing image of a master installation.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="connection_manager"><term originalTerm="Connection Manager ">Connection Manager </term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:connection_manager"/><def><para>A client dialer used to obtain Internet access.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_console_tree"><term originalTerm="console tree ">console tree </term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_console_tree"/><def><para>The left pane in Microsoft Management Console (MMC) that displays the items contained in the console. The items in the console tree and their hierarchical organization determine the capabilities of a console.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_mmc"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="cookie"><term originalTerm="cookie ">cookie </term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:cookie"/><def><para>A block of data that a Web server stores on a client system. When a user returns to the same Web site, the browser sends a copy of the cookie back to the server. Cookies identify users, instruct the server to send a customized version of the requested Web page, and submit account information for the user.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="counterfeit_software"><term originalTerm="counterfeit software ">counterfeit software </term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:counterfeit_software"/><def><para>Software that a system builder does not obtain from an authorized distributor, or that a royalty OEM does not obtain from an authorized replicator. Counterfeit software usually has many of the following problems: missing drivers, missing documentation, viruses, bugs, and other defects. Installing legitimate Microsoft products helps ensure the quality of your products, prevents customer problems, and reduces requests for customer support.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="customer__"><term originalTerm="customer ">customer </term><group target="groupC"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:customer__"/><def><para>The purchaser of a new computer.</para></def></scopeDef></entry></glossSection><glossSection><glossLetter bookmark="groupD">D</glossLetter><entry entryID="debug"><term originalTerm="debug">debug</term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:debug"/><def><para>To detect, locate, and correct logical or syntactical errors in a program.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_desktop"><term originalTerm="desktop ">desktop </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_desktop"/><def><para>The on-screen work area on which windows, icons, menus, and dialog boxes appear.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="desktop_isp_sign_up_offer"><term originalTerm="desktop ISP sign-up offer ">desktop ISP sign-up offer </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:desktop_isp_sign_up_offer"/><def><para>A set of HTML pages that offer the end user the opportunity to sign up for Internet access. To view the offer, the end user clicks a link from the OEM link on the Start menu.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="desktop_registration"><term originalTerm="desktop registration ">desktop registration </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:desktop_registration"/><def><para>The opportunity given to the end user to register with Microsoft and the OEM, if the user failed to register during Windows Welcome.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="destination_computer"><term originalTerm="destination computer ">destination computer </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:destination_computer"/><def><para>The computer on which you preinstall Windows that will be distributed to customers. You can either run Setup on the destination computer or copy a master installation onto a destination computer.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="detach"><term originalTerm="detach ">detach </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:detach"/><def><para>Remove uninstalled application files from a destination computer.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="attach"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="destination_computer"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="stage"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_device"><term originalTerm="device ">device </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_device"/><def><para>Any piece of equipment that can be attached to a network or computer; for example, a computer, printer, joystick, adapter, or modem card, or any other peripheral equipment. Devices normally require a device driver to function with <NOLOC>Windows</NOLOC>.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_device_driver"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_device_driver"><term originalTerm="device driver ">device driver </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_device_driver"/><def><para>A program that allows a specific device, such as a modem, network adapter, or printer, to communicate with the operating system. Although a device might be installed on your system, Windows cannot use the device until you have installed and configured the appropriate driver. If a device is listed in the Hardware Compatibility List (HCL), a driver is usually included with Windows. Device drivers load automatically (for all enabled devices) when a computer is started, and thereafter run invisibly.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_hardware_compatibility_list_hcl"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="device_id"><term originalTerm="device ID ">device ID </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:device_id"/><def><para>A unique ASCII string for the device created by enumerators to identify a hardware device and used to cross-reference data about the device stored in the registry. Distinguishes each logical device and bus from all others on the system.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_device_manager"><term originalTerm="Device Manager ">Device Manager </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_device_manager"/><def><para>An administrative tool that you can use to manage the devices on your computer. Using Device Manager, you can view and change device properties, update device drivers, configure device settings, and uninstall devices.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_device"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="glos_glo_cahe"><term originalTerm="DHCP ">DHCP </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:glos_glo_cahe"/><seeEntry seeTermID="gls_dhcp"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_dhcp_server"><term originalTerm="DHCP server ">DHCP server </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_dhcp_server"/><def><para>A computer running the Microsoft DHCP service that offers dynamic configuration of IP addresses and related information to DHCP-enabled clients.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_dhcp"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="ip_address_def"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="diacritic"><term originalTerm="diacritic ">diacritic </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:diacritic"/><def><para>Any mark placed over, under, or through a character, usually to indicate a change in phonetic value from the unmarked state. A character that is attached to it is a base character. Most diacritics are non-spacing characters that do not increase the width of the base character.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_dialup_connection"><term originalTerm="dial-up connection ">dial-up connection </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_dialup_connection"/><def><para>The connection to your network if you are using a device that uses the telephone network. This includes modems with a standard phone line, ISDN cards with high-speed ISDN lines, or X.25 networks. If you are a typical user, you might have one or two dial-up connections, for example, to the Internet and to your corporate network. In a more complex server situation, multiple network modem connections might be used to implement advanced routing.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_modem_gloss"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="dial_up_networking__dun_"><term originalTerm="dial-up networking (DUN) ">dial-up networking (DUN) </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:dial_up_networking__dun_"/><def><para>Connecting to a remote network or the Internet through a dial-up connection, such as a modem. </para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_digital_signature"><term originalTerm="digital signature ">digital signature </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_digital_signature"/><def><para>A means for originators of a message, file, or other digitally encoded information to bind their identity to the information. The process of digitally signing information entails transforming the information, as well as some secret information held by the sender, into a tag called a signature. Digital signatures are used in public key environments, and they provide nonrepudiation and integrity services.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_service"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_time_stamping"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="direct_oem"><term originalTerm="direct OEM">direct OEM</term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:direct_oem"/><seeEntry seeTermID="royalty_oem"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_disk"><term originalTerm="disk ">disk </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_disk"/><def><para>A storage device that is attached to a computer.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_basic_disk"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_dynamic_disk"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="disk_duplication"><term originalTerm="disk duplication ">disk duplication </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:disk_duplication"/><def><para>Using third-party hardware or software to copy a full master Windows XP installation onto the hard disks of multiple destination computers. The master computer and destination computers must have compatible hardware abstraction layers (HALs). The destination computer can be delivered directly to customers, or it might require additional processing on the factory production line.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="hardware_abstraction_layer__hal_"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="diskpart_exe"><term originalTerm="diskpart.exe ">diskpart.exe </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:diskpart_exe"/><def><para>A command line utility for formatting and managing disk partitions and volumes.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="distribution_share"><term originalTerm="distribution share ">distribution share </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:distribution_share"/><def><para>A network folder that contains the source files for Windows products you are preinstalling. It may also contain the OPK tools and your configuration sets. This folder can be manually created or created by Setup Manager.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="dock"><term originalTerm="dock ">dock </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:dock"/><def><para>To connect a laptop or notebook computer to a docking station.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_docking_station"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_docking_station"><term originalTerm="docking station ">docking station </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_docking_station"/><def><para>A unit for housing a portable computer that contains a power connection, expansion slots, and connections to peripherals, such as a monitor, printer, full-sized keyboard, and mouse. The docking station turns the portable computer into a desktop computer.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="dock"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_domain"><term originalTerm="domain ">domain </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_domain"/><def><para>In Active Directory, a collection of computer, user, and group objects defined by the administrator. These objects share a common directory database, security policies, and security relationships with other domains. In DNS, any tree or subtree within the DNS namespace. Although the names for DNS domains often correspond to Active Directory domains, DNS domains should not be confused with Active Directory domains.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_activedirectory"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_object"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_domain_controller"><term originalTerm="domain controller ">domain controller </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_domain_controller"/><def><para>In an Active Directory forest, a server that contains a writable copy of the Active Directory database, participates in Active Directory replication, and controls access to network resources. Administrators can manage user accounts, network access, shared resources, site topology, and other directory objects from any domain controller in the forest.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_activedirectory"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_authentication"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_forest"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_domain_name"><term originalTerm="domain name ">domain name </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_domain_name"/><def><para>The name given by an administrator to a collection of networked computers that share a common directory. Part of the Domain Name System (DNS) naming structure, domain names consist of a sequence of name labels separated by periods.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_domain"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_label"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_domain_naming_master"><term originalTerm="domain naming master ">domain naming master </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_domain_naming_master"/><def><para>A domain controller that holds the domain naming operations master role in Active Directory. The domain naming master controls the addition or removal of domains in the forest. At any time, the domain naming master role can be assigned to only one domain controller in the forest.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_activedirectory"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_domain_controller"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_domain_tree"><term originalTerm="domain tree ">domain tree </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_domain_tree"/><def><para>In DNS, the inverted hierarchical tree structure that is used to index domain names. Domain trees are similar in purpose and concept to the directory trees used by computer filing systems for disk storage. For example, when numerous files are stored on disk, directories can be used to organize the files into logical collections. When a domain tree has one or more branches, each branch can organize domain names used in the namespace into logical collections. In Active Directory, a hierarchical structure of one or more domains, connected by transitive, bidirectional trusts, that forms a contiguous namespace. Multiple domain trees can belong to the same forest.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_activedirectory"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_domain"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_domain_name"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_forest"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="double_byte_def"><term originalTerm="double-byte characters ">double-byte characters </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:double_byte_def"/><def><para>A set of characters in which each character is represented by two bytes. Some languages, such as Japanese, Chinese, and Korean, require double-byte character sets.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="driver_____"><term originalTerm="driver ">driver </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:driver_____"/><def><para>Kernel-mode code used either to control or emulate a hardware device.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="driver_cab"><term originalTerm="Driver.cab ">Driver.cab </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:driver_cab"/><def><para>A file containing all of the device drivers that ship with Windows XP.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="dun"><term originalTerm="DUN ">DUN </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:dun"/><seeEntry seeTermID="dial_up_networking__dun_"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="dvd"><term originalTerm="DVD ">DVD </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:dvd"/><def><para>Digital video disk. A form of storage characterized by high capacity (roughly 650 MB) and the use of laser optics rather than magnetic means for reading data. Optical disk storage commonly used for audio, video, and computer data. DVDs range in capacity from 4.7 GB to 17 GB, and can store significantly more than a CD-ROM.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_dword_data"><term originalTerm="DWORD ">DWORD </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_dword_data"/><def><para>A data type composed of hexadecimal data with a maximum allotted space of 4 bytes.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_dynamic_disk"><term originalTerm="dynamic disk ">dynamic disk </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_dynamic_disk"/><def><para>A physical disk that provides features that basic disks do not, such as support for volumes that span multiple disks. Dynamic disks use a hidden database to track information about dynamic volumes on the disk and other dynamic disks in the computer. You convert basic disks to dynamic by using the Disk Management snap-in or the DiskPart command-line tool. When you convert a basic disk to dynamic, all existing basic volumes become dynamic volumes.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_active_volume"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_basic_disk"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_basic_volume"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_dynamic_volume"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_partition"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_dhcp"><term originalTerm="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) ">Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_dhcp"/><def><para>A TCP&#47;IP service protocol that offers dynamic leased configuration of host IP addresses and distributes other configuration parameters to eligible network clients. DHCP provides safe, reliable, and simple TCP&#47;IP network configuration, prevents address conflicts, and helps conserve the use of client IP addresses on the network. DHCP uses a client&#47;server model where the DHCP server maintains centralized management of IP addresses that are used on the network. DHCP-supporting clients can then request and obtain lease of an IP address from a DHCP server as part of their network boot process.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_lease"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_service"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_trans_internet"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="ip_address_def"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_dynamic_volume"><term originalTerm="dynamic volume ">dynamic volume </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_dynamic_volume"/><def><para>A volume that resides on a dynamic disk. Windows supports five types of dynamic volumes: simple, spanned, striped, mirrored, and RAID-5. A dynamic volume is formatted by using a file system, such as FAT or NTFS, and has a drive letter assigned to it.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_basic_disk"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_basic_volume"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_dynamic_disk"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_mirrored_volume"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_raid5_volume"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_simple_volume"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_spanned_volume"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_striped_volume"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_dynamiclink_library_dll"><term originalTerm="dynamic-link library (DLL) ">dynamic-link library (DLL) </term><group target="groupD"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_dynamiclink_library_dll"/><def><para>An operating system feature that allows executable routines (generally serving a specific function or set of functions) to be stored separately as files with .dll extensions. These routines are loaded only when needed by the program that calls them.</para></def></scopeDef></entry></glossSection><glossSection><glossLetter bookmark="groupE">E</glossLetter><entry entryID="efi"><term originalTerm="EFI ">EFI </term><group target="groupE"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:efi"/><seeEntry seeTermID="gls_efi"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_esp"><term originalTerm="EFI system partition ">EFI system partition </term><group target="groupE"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_esp"/><def><para>On Itanium-based computers, a portion on a GUID partition table (GPT) disk that is formatted with the FAT file system and contains the files necessary to start the computer. Every Itanium-based computer must have at least one GPT disk with an EFI system partition. The EFI system partition serves the same purpose as the system volume found on x86-based computers.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_efi"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_gpt"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_msr"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="itanium"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="x86"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="embedded_controller"><term originalTerm="embedded controller ">embedded controller </term><group target="groupE"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:embedded_controller"/><def><para>The general class of microcontrollers used to support OEM-specific implementation, mainly in mobile environments. The embedded controller performs complex low-level functions through a simple interface to the host microprocessor(s).</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="embedded_controller_interface"><term originalTerm="embedded controller interface ">embedded controller interface </term><group target="groupE"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:embedded_controller_interface"/><def><para>ACPI defines a standard hardware and software communications interface between an operating system driver and an embedded controller, such as Smart Battery and AML code. This allows any operating system to provide a standard driver that can directly communicate with an embedded controller in the system, thus allowing other drivers to communicate with and use the resources of the system embedded controllers.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="driver_____"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_acpi"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_encryption"><term originalTerm="encryption ">encryption </term><group target="groupE"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_encryption"/><def><para>The process of disguising a message or data in such a way as to hide its substance.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_public_key_encryption"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="end_user"><term originalTerm="end user ">end user </term><group target="groupE"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:end_user"/><def><para>The person who ultimately receives the computer manufactured by the OEM.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="end_user_license_agreement__eula_"><term originalTerm="End-User License Agreement (EULA) ">End-User License Agreement (EULA) </term><group target="groupE"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:end_user_license_agreement__eula_"/><def><para>A legal agreement between a software or hardware manufacturer and the end user, with regard to the terms of use and transfer of the software. </para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="eula"><term originalTerm="EULA ">EULA </term><group target="groupE"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:eula"/><seeEntry seeTermID="end_user_license_agreement__eula_"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_event"><term originalTerm="event ">event </term><group target="groupE"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_event"/><def><para>Any significant occurrence in the system or an application that requires users to be notified or an entry to be added to a log.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="dcgls_event_viewer"><term originalTerm="Event Viewer ">Event Viewer </term><group target="groupE"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:dcgls_event_viewer"/><def><para>A component you can use to view and manage event logs, gather information about hardware and software problems, and monitor security events. Event Viewer maintains logs about program, security, and system events.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_event"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_expansion_slot"><term originalTerm="expansion slot ">expansion slot </term><group target="groupE"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_expansion_slot"/><def><para>A socket in a computer, designed to hold expansion boards and connect them to the system bus.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_bus"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_extended_partition"><term originalTerm="extended partition ">extended partition </term><group target="groupE"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_extended_partition"/><def><para>A type of partition that you can create only on basic master boot record (MBR) disks. Extended partitions are useful if you want to create more than four volumes on a basic MBR disk. Unlike primary partitions, you do not format an extended partition with a file system and then assign a drive letter to it. Instead, you create one or more logical drives within the extended partition. After you create a logical drive, you format it and assign it a drive letter. An MBR disk can have up to four primary partitions or three primary partitions, one extended partition, and multiple logical drives.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_basic_disk"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_logical_drive"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_mbr"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_partition"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_primary_partition"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_unallocated_space"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_efi"><term originalTerm="Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) ">Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) </term><group target="groupE"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_efi"/><def><para>In computers with the Intel Itanium processor, the interface between a computer's firmware, hardware, and the operating system. The Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) defines a new partition style called GUID partition table (GPT). EFI serves the same purpose for Itanium-based computers as the BIOS found in x86-based computers. However, it has expanded capabilities that provide a consistent way to start any compatible operating system and an easy way to add EFI drivers for new bootable devices without the need to update the computer's firmware.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="x86"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_bios"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_gpt"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="itanium"/></scopeDef></entry></glossSection><glossSection><glossLetter bookmark="groupF">F</glossLetter><entry entryID="factory_mode"><term originalTerm="factory mode ">factory mode </term><group target="groupF"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:factory_mode"/><def><para>A mode of running Sysprep that postpones the first-run experience and allows OEMs to install additional drivers and applications, incorporate build-to-order customer information, and test the Windows installation. To run Sysprep in factory mode, use the command line Sysprep -factory.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="glos_glo_cbje"><term originalTerm="FAT ">FAT </term><group target="groupF"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:glos_glo_cbje"/><seeEntry seeTermID="gls_file_allocation_table"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_fat32"><term originalTerm="FAT32 ">FAT32 </term><group target="groupF"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_fat32"/><def><para>A derivative of the file allocation table (FAT) file system. FAT32 supports smaller cluster sizes and larger volumes than FAT, which results in more efficient space allocation on FAT32 volumes.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_file_allocation_table"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_fault_tolerance"><term originalTerm="fault tolerance ">fault tolerance </term><group target="groupF"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_fault_tolerance"/><def><para>The ability of computer hardware or software to ensure data integrity when hardware failures occur. Fault-tolerant features appear in many server operating systems and include mirrored volumes, RAID-5 volumes, and server clusters.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_cluster"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_mirrored_volume"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_raid5_volume"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_file_allocation_table"><term originalTerm="file allocation table (FAT) ">file allocation table (FAT) </term><group target="groupF"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_file_allocation_table"/><def><para>A file system used by MS-DOS and other Windows operating systems to organize and manage files. The file allocation table (FAT) is a data structure that Windows creates when you format a volume by using the FAT or FAT32 file systems. Windows stores information about each file in the FAT so that it can retrieve the file later.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_fat32"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_file_system"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_ntfs"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="file_copy"><term originalTerm="file copy ">file copy </term><group target="groupF"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:file_copy"/><def><para>The first of the three stages of Setup, where the Windows program files and any additional files specified are copied to the computers hard disk.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_file_system"><term originalTerm="file system ">file system </term><group target="groupF"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_file_system"/><def><para>In an operating system, the overall structure in which files are named, stored, and organized. NTFS, FAT, and FAT32 are types of file systems.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="glos_glo_cbje"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_fat32"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_ntfs"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_ftp"><term originalTerm="File Transfer Protocol (FTP) ">File Transfer Protocol (FTP) </term><group target="groupF"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_ftp"/><def><para>A member of the TCP&#47;IP suite of protocols, used to copy files between two computers on the Internet. Both computers must support their respective FTP roles: one must be an FTP client and the other an FTP server.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_trans_internet"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_firmware"><term originalTerm="firmware ">firmware </term><group target="groupF"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_firmware"/><def><para>Software routines and low-level input&#47;output instructions stored in read-only memory (ROM). Unlike random-access memory (RAM), read-only memory stays intact even in the absence of electrical power.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_ram"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_rom"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="first_run_experience"><term originalTerm="first-run experience ">first-run experience </term><group target="groupF"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:first_run_experience"/><def><para>The software the end user sees the first time they start a new computer. The first-run experience is known as Windows Welcome in Windows XP and Mini-Setup in the Windows Server family of operating systems.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="windows_welcome"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="flash_the_bios"><term originalTerm="flash the BIOS ">flash the BIOS </term><group target="groupF"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:flash_the_bios"/><def><para>The process of updating the computer s BIOS software with a new version.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_bios"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_font"><term originalTerm="font ">font </term><group target="groupF"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_font"/><def><para>A graphic design applied to a collection of numbers, symbols, and characters. A font describes a certain typeface, along with other qualities such as size, spacing, and pitch.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_opentype_fonts"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_foreground_application"><term originalTerm="foreground program ">foreground program </term><group target="groupF"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_foreground_application"/><def><para>The program that runs in the active window (the uppermost window with the highlighted title bar). The foreground program responds to commands issued by the user.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_forest"><term originalTerm="forest ">forest </term><group target="groupF"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_forest"/><def><para>One or more Active Directory domains that share the same class and attribute definitions (schema), site and replication information (configuration), and forest-wide search capabilities (global catalog). Domains in the same forest are linked with two-way, transitive trust relationships.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_activedirectory"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_domain"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_free_space"><term originalTerm="free space ">free space </term><group target="groupF"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_free_space"/><def><para>Available space that you use to create logical drives within an extended partition.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_extended_partition"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_logical_drive"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_unallocated_space"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="furigana_name"><term originalTerm="furigana name ">furigana name </term><group target="groupF"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:furigana_name"/><def><para>Tiny Japanese kana characters written above or next to kanji characters. The kana characters indicate the correct pronunciation of the word written in kanji.</para></def></scopeDef></entry></glossSection><glossSection><glossLetter bookmark="groupG">G</glossLetter><entry entryID="glyph"><term originalTerm="glyph ">glyph </term><group target="groupG"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:glyph"/><def><para>A graphical representation of either a character, a part of a character, or a sequence of characters.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gpt"><term originalTerm="GPT ">GPT </term><group target="groupG"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gpt"/><seeEntry seeTermID="gls_gpt"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="graceful_recovery"><term originalTerm="graceful recovery ">graceful recovery </term><group target="groupG"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:graceful_recovery"/><def><para>Termination of a process that allows the operating system or parent process to regain normal control. Does not crash the machine or result in a general protection default (GPF) or blue screen. The user is not required to close the application, and can continue to use the other functionality.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="glos_glo_ddjh"><term originalTerm="graphical user interface (GUI) ">graphical user interface (GUI) </term><group target="groupG"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:glos_glo_ddjh"/><def><para>A display format, like that of Windows, that represents a program's functions with graphic images such as buttons and icons. GUIs allow a user to perform operations and make choices by pointing and clicking with a mouse.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_group_account"><term originalTerm="group account ">group account </term><group target="groupG"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_group_account"/><def><para>A collection of user accounts. By making a user account a member of a group, you give the related user all the rights and permissions granted to the group.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_user_account"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_group_policy"><term originalTerm="Group Policy ">Group Policy </term><group target="groupG"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_group_policy"/><def><para>The infrastructure within Active Directory directory service that enables directory-based change and configuration management of user and computer settings, including security and user data. You use Group Policy to define configurations for groups of users and computers. With Group Policy, you can specify policy settings for registry-based policies, security, software installation, scripts, folder redirection, remote installation services, and Internet Explorer maintenance. The Group Policy settings that you create are contained in a Group Policy object (GPO). By associating a GPO with selected Active Directory system containers&mdash;sites, domains, and organizational units&mdash;you can apply the GPO's policy settings to the users and computers in those Active Directory containers. To create an individual GPO, use the Group Policy Object Editor.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_activedirectory"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gui_mode_setup"><term originalTerm="GUI-mode Setup ">GUI-mode Setup </term><group target="groupG"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gui_mode_setup"/><def><para>The third of the three stages of Setup, during which the computers hardware and network settings are configured, you are prompted to provide an Administrator password, and you can personalize the installation.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_gpt"><term originalTerm="GUID partition table (GPT) ">GUID partition table (GPT) </term><group target="groupG"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_gpt"/><def><para>A disk-partitioning scheme that is used by the Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) in Itanium-based computers. GPT offers more advantages than master boot record (MBR) partitioning because it allows up to 128 partitions per disk, provides support for volumes up to 18 exabytes in size, allows primary and backup partition tables for redundancy, and supports unique disk and partition IDs (GUIDs).</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_mbr"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="itanium"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_efi"/></scopeDef></entry></glossSection><glossSection><glossLetter bookmark="groupH">H</glossLetter><entry entryID="glos_glo_gebc"><term originalTerm="HAL ">HAL </term><group target="groupH"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:glos_glo_gebc"/><seeEntry seeTermID="hardware_abstraction_layer__hal_"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="hardware_abstraction_layer__hal_"><term originalTerm="hardware abstraction layer (HAL) ">hardware abstraction layer (HAL) </term><group target="groupH"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:hardware_abstraction_layer__hal_"/><def><para>A thin layer of software provided by the hardware manufacturer that hides, or abstracts, hardware differences from higher layers of the operating system. By means of the filter provided by the HAL, different types of hardware look alike to the rest of the operating system. This allows the operating system to be portable from one hardware platform to another. The HAL also provides routines that allow a single device driver to support the same device on all platforms.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="hardware_branch"><term originalTerm="hardware branch ">hardware branch </term><group target="groupH"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:hardware_branch"/><def><para>The hardware archive root key in the registry that is a superset of the memory-resident hardware tree. Although the hardware tree contains information only about those devices currently detected and running in the system, the registry contains a complete list of all hardware ever installed on the particular computer. The hardware root key is \\HKEY-LOCAL-MACHINE\Hardware.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_hardware_compatibility_list_hcl"><term originalTerm="Hardware Compatibility List (HCL) ">Hardware Compatibility List (HCL) </term><group target="groupH"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_hardware_compatibility_list_hcl"/><def><para>A hardware list that Microsoft compiles for a specific product. The Windows HCL, which is posted on the Web, lists the hardware devices and computer systems that are compatible with specific versions of Windows.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_device"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="hardware_id"><term originalTerm="hardware ID ">hardware ID </term><group target="groupH"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:hardware_id"/><def><para>A vendor-defined string used by the Plug and Play Manager to find the correct .inf file to install a particular device.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="_inf_files"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_plug_and_play"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="hardware_tree"><term originalTerm="hardware tree ">hardware tree </term><group target="groupH"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:hardware_tree"/><def><para>A record in RAM of the current system configuration based on the information for all devices in the hardware branch of the registry. The hardware tree is created each time the system is started or whenever a dynamic change occurs to the system configuration.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="hardware_branch"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_hardware_type"><term originalTerm="hardware type ">hardware type </term><group target="groupH"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_hardware_type"/><def><para>A classification for similar devices. For example, Imaging Device is a hardware type for digital cameras and scanners.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_device"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="glos_glo_ejcj"><term originalTerm="hash ">hash </term><group target="groupH"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:glos_glo_ejcj"/><def><para>A fixed-size result that is obtained by applying a one-way mathematical function (sometimes called a hash algorithm) to an arbitrary amount of data. If there is a change in the input data, the hash changes. The hash can be used in many operations, including authentication and digital signing. Also called a message digest.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_authentication"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_hash_algorithm"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_hash_algorithm"><term originalTerm="hash algorithm ">hash algorithm </term><group target="groupH"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_hash_algorithm"/><def><para>An algorithm used to produce a hash value of some piece of data, such as a message or session key. A good hash algorithm has a quality where changes in the input data can change every bit in the resulting hash value; for this reason, hashes are useful in detecting any modification in a large data object, such as a message. Furthermore, a good hash algorithm makes it computationally infeasible to construct two independent inputs that have the same hash. Typical hash algorithms include MD2, MD4, MD5, and SHA-1. Also called a hash function.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="glos_glo_cbad"><term originalTerm="HCL ">HCL </term><group target="groupH"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:glos_glo_cbad"/><seeEntry seeTermID="gls_hardware_compatibility_list_hcl"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="hct"><term originalTerm="HCT ">HCT </term><group target="groupH"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:hct"/><def><para>Hardware Compatibility Tests. A suite of tests from WHQL to verify hardware and device driver operations under a specific operating environment. These tests exercise the combination of a device, a software driver, and an operating system under controlled conditions to verify that all components operate properly.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="windows_hardware_quality_labs"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="help_and_support_center"><term originalTerm="Help and Support Center ">Help and Support Center </term><group target="groupH"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:help_and_support_center"/><def><para>A unified place where a user can access all Help and Support content and services from both Microsoft and the OEM.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="hidden_partition1"><term originalTerm="hidden partition">hidden partition</term><group target="groupH"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:hidden_partition1"/><def><para>A partition that is not visibly exposed to the user. To create a hidden partition, set the partition type to one not recognized by Windows.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_registry_hive"><term originalTerm="hive ">hive </term><group target="groupH"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_registry_hive"/><def><para>A file in which the system stores a portion of the registry (named for their resemblance to the cellular structure of a beehive). A hive is backed by a single file and a .log file, which are in either the systemroot\System32\Config folder or the systemroot\Profiles\username folder. By default, most hive files (Default, SAM, Security, and System) are stored in the systemroot\System32\Config folder. The systemroot\Profiles folder contains the user profile for each user of the computer. Because a hive is a file, it can be moved from one system to another. However, you must use the Registry Editor, Regedit.exe, to edit the file.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_registry_key"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_systemroot"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_registry"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="hotfix"><term originalTerm="hotfix ">hotfix </term><group target="groupH"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:hotfix"/><def><para>An update to address an issue identified after a software product has been distributed. Hotfix distribution is limited by its licensing terms.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_hub"><term originalTerm="hub ">hub </term><group target="groupH"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_hub"/><def><para>A common connection point for devices in a network. Typically used to connect segments of a local area network (LAN), a hub contains multiple ports. When data arrives at one port, it is copied to the other ports so that all segments of the LAN can see the data.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_port"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_local_area_network_lan"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_html"><term originalTerm="Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) ">Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) </term><group target="groupH"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_html"/><def><para>A simple markup language used to create hypertext documents that are portable from one platform to another. HTML files are simple ASCII text files with codes embedded (indicated by markup tags) to denote formatting and hypertext links.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_ascii"/></scopeDef></entry></glossSection><glossSection><glossLetter bookmark="groupI">I</glossLetter><entry entryID="i_o"><term originalTerm="I/O ">I/O </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:i_o"/><seeEntry seeTermID="gls_input_output_port"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="i_o_request_packet__irp_"><term originalTerm="I/O request packet (IRP) ">I/O request packet (IRP) </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:i_o_request_packet__irp_"/><def><para>Data structures that drivers use to communicate with each other.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="ia_pc"><term originalTerm="IA-PC ">IA-PC </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:ia_pc"/><def><para>Intel Architecture Personal Computer. A general descriptive term for computers built with processors conforming to the architecture defined by the Intel processor family based on the 486 instruction set and having an industry-standard PC architecture.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="icon_character"><term originalTerm="icon character ">icon character </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:icon_character"/><def><para>The animated icon from the Help and Support Center that guides users through their first-run experience, or Windows Welcome.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="windows_welcome"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="ide"><term originalTerm="IDE ">IDE </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:ide"/><seeEntry seeTermID="gls_ide"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="ieee"><term originalTerm="IEEE ">IEEE </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:ieee"/><def><para>Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, founded in 1963. IEEE is an organization composed of engineers, scientists, and students, best known for developing standards for the computer and electronics industry.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_firewire"><term originalTerm="IEEE 1394 ">IEEE 1394 </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_firewire"/><def><para>A standard for high-speed serial devices such as digital video and digital audio editing equipment.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_device"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="ihv"><term originalTerm="IHV ">IHV </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:ihv"/><seeEntry seeTermID="independent_hardware_vendor__ihv_"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="iis2"><term originalTerm="IIS ">IIS </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:iis2"/><seeEntry seeTermID="gls_iis"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="image"><term originalTerm="image ">image </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:image"/><def><para>A collection of files and folders (sometimes compressed into one file) that duplicates the original file and folder structure of an operating system. It often contains other files added by the OEM or corporation.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="image_resolution"><term originalTerm="image resolution ">image resolution </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:image_resolution"/><def><para>The fineness or coarseness of an image as it is digitized, measured in dots per inch (DPI), typically ranging from 200 to 400 DPI.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="in_box_driver"><term originalTerm="in-box driver ">in-box driver </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:in_box_driver"/><def><para>A driver contained in the Driver.cab file, located in the i386 folder on the Windows CD. The Plug and Play hardware IDs for in-box drivers are specified in Machine.inf, Scsi.inf, Pnpscsi.inf, and Mshdc.inf.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="independent_hardware_vendor__ihv_"><term originalTerm="independent hardware vendor (IHV)">independent hardware vendor (IHV)</term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:independent_hardware_vendor__ihv_"/><def><para>A company that manufactures hardware devices and the associated device drivers.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="independent_software_vendor__isv_"><term originalTerm="independent software vendor (ISV)">independent software vendor (ISV)</term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:independent_software_vendor__isv_"/><def><para>A third-party software developer; an individual or an organization that independently creates computer software.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_input_locale"><term originalTerm="Input language ">Input language </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_input_locale"/><def><para>A Regional and Language Options setting that specifies the combination of the language being entered and the keyboard layout, Input Method Editor (IME), speech-to-text converter, or other device being used to enter it. Formerly known as input locale.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_ime"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="input_locale"><term originalTerm="input locale ">input locale </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:input_locale"/><seeEntry seeTermID="gls_input_locale"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_ime"><term originalTerm="Input Method Editor (IME) ">Input Method Editor (IME) </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_ime"/><def><para>Programs used to enter the thousands of different characters in written Asian languages with a standard 101-key keyboard. An IME consists of both an engine that converts keystrokes into phonetic and ideographic characters and a dictionary of commonly used ideographic words. As the user enters keystrokes, the IME engine attempts to identify which character or characters the keystrokes should be converted into.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_input_output_port"><term originalTerm="input/output (I/O) port ">input/output (I/O) port </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_input_output_port"/><def><para>A channel through which data is transferred between a device and the microprocessor. The port appears to the microprocessor as one or more memory addresses that it can use to send or receive data.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_device"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_memory_address"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_port"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_install"><term originalTerm="install ">install </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_install"/><def><para>When referring to software, to add program files and folders to your hard disk and related data to your registry so that the software runs properly. Installing contrasts with upgrading, where existing program files, folders, and registry entries are updated to a more recent version. When referring to hardware, to physically connect the device to your computer, to load device drivers onto your computer, and to configure device properties and settings.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_device_driver"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_registry"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_ide"><term originalTerm="integrated device electronics (IDE) ">integrated device electronics (IDE) </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_ide"/><def><para>A type of disk-drive interface in which the controller electronics reside on the drive itself, eliminating the need for a separate adapter card. IDE offers advantages such as look-ahead caching to increase overall performance.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_internet"><term originalTerm="internet ">internet </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_internet"/><def><para>internet. Two or more network segments connected by routers. Another term for internetwork. Internet. A worldwide network of computers. If you have access to the Internet, you can retrieve information from millions of sources, including schools, governments, businesses, and individuals.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="worldwideweb_def"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_int_address"><term originalTerm="Internet address ">Internet address </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_int_address"/><def><para>An address for a resource on the Internet that is used by Web browsers to locate Internet resources. An Internet address typically starts with a protocol name, followed by the name of the organization that maintains the site; the suffix identifies the kind of organization it is. For example, the address http:&#47;&#47;www.yale.edu&#47; provides the following information: <ul><li>http: This Web server uses the Hypertext Transfer Protocol.</li> <li>www: This site is on the World Wide Web.</li> <li>edu: This is an educational institution.</li></ul> Internet address is also called Uniform Resource Locator (URL).</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_protocol"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_web_serv"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_iis"><term originalTerm="Internet Information Services (IIS) ">Internet Information Services (IIS) </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_iis"/><def><para>Software services that support Web site creation, configuration, and management, along with other Internet functions. Internet Information Services include Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP), File Transfer Protocol (FTP), and Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP).</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_nntp"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_smtp"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_ftp"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_internet_protocol"><term originalTerm="Internet Protocol (IP) ">Internet Protocol (IP) </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_internet_protocol"/><def><para>A routable protocol in the TCP&#47;IP protocol suite that is responsible for IP addressing, routing, and the fragmentation and reassembly of IP packets.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_trans_internet"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_internet_service_provider"><term originalTerm="Internet service provider (ISP) ">Internet service provider (ISP) </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_internet_service_provider"/><def><para>A company that provides individuals or companies access to the Internet and the World Wide Web. An ISP provides a telephone number, a user name, a password, and other connection information so users can connect their computers to the ISP's computers. An ISP typically charges a monthly or hourly connection fee.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_web_serv"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_ipx_gloss"><term originalTerm="Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX) ">Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX) </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_ipx_gloss"/><def><para>A network protocol native to NetWare that controls addressing and routing of packets within and between LANs. IPX does not guarantee that a message will be complete (no lost packets).</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_ipxspx"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_local_area_network_lan"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_ipxspx"><term originalTerm="Internetwork Packet Exchange/Sequenced Packet Exchange (IPX/SPX) ">Internetwork Packet Exchange/Sequenced Packet Exchange (IPX/SPX) </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_ipxspx"/><def><para>Transport protocols used in Novell NetWare networks, which together correspond to the combination of TCP and IP in the TCP&#47;IP protocol suite. Windows implements IPX through NWLink.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_ipx_gloss"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_nwlink"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_trans_internet"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_irq"><term originalTerm="interrupt request (IRQ) ">interrupt request (IRQ) </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_irq"/><def><para>A signal sent by a device to get the attention of the processor when the device is ready to accept or send information. Each device sends its interrupt requests over a specific hardware line. Each device must be assigned a unique IRQ number.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_interrupt_line"><term originalTerm="interrupt request (IRQ) lines ">interrupt request (IRQ) lines </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_interrupt_line"/><def><para>Hardware lines over which devices can send signals to get the attention of the processor when the device is ready to accept or send information. Each device must have a unique IRQ line.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_irq"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_device"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="ip_address_def"><term originalTerm="IP address ">IP address </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:ip_address_def"/><def><para>A 32-bit address used to identify a node on an IP internetwork. Each node on the IP internetwork must be assigned a unique IP address, which is made up of the network ID, plus a unique host ID. This address is typically represented with the decimal value of each octet separated by a period (for example, 192.168.7.27). You can configure the IP address statically or dynamically by using DHCP.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_dhcp"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_node"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="ip_address_def"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="irp"><term originalTerm="IRP ">IRP </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:irp"/><seeEntry seeTermID="i_o_request_packet__irp_"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="irq"><term originalTerm="IRQ ">IRQ </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:irq"/><seeEntry seeTermID="gls_irq"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="isochronous"><term originalTerm="isochronous ">isochronous </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:isochronous"/><def><para>Time dependent. Refers to processes where data must be delivered within certain time constraints. Multimedia streams require an isochronous transport mechanism to ensure that data is delivered as fast as it is displayed, and to ensure that the audio is synchronized with the video.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="isolation"><term originalTerm="isolation ">isolation </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:isolation"/><def><para>The Plug and Play process by which cards on an ISA bus are distinguished from each other after system startup.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="isp"><term originalTerm="ISP ">ISP </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:isp"/><seeEntry seeTermID="gls_internet_service_provider"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="isp_sign_up_server_"><term originalTerm="ISP sign-up server ">ISP sign-up server </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:isp_sign_up_server_"/><def><para>An HTTP server that automates the task of adding new customers to an ISP's customer database. The Internet sign-up server collects information from each customer, adds the information to the ISP's customer database, and then passes a configuration packet back to the customer's desktop computer. The configuration packet contains information that is used to configure the customer's Internet browser for subsequent connection to the ISP's services.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="isp_signup_offer"><term originalTerm="ISP signup offer ">ISP signup offer </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:isp_signup_offer"/><def><para>A set of HTML pages in Windows Welcome that allows end users to sign up for Internet access from a particular Internet service provider.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="isv"><term originalTerm="ISV ">ISV </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:isv"/><seeEntry seeTermID="independent_software_vendor__isv_"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="itanium"><term originalTerm="Itanium ">Itanium </term><group target="groupI"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:itanium"/><def><para>An Intel microprocessor that uses explicitly parallel instruction set computing and 64-bit memory addressing.</para></def></scopeDef></entry></glossSection><glossSection><glossLetter bookmark="groupJ">J</glossLetter><empty/></glossSection><glossSection><glossLetter bookmark="groupK">K</glossLetter><entry entryID="glos_glo_ddbc"><term originalTerm="kernel ">kernel </term><group target="groupK"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:glos_glo_ddbc"/><def><para>The core of layered architecture that manages the most basic operations of the operating system and the computer's processor. The kernel schedules different blocks of executing code, called threads, for the processor to keep it as busy as possible and coordinates multiple processors to optimize performance. The kernel also synchronizes activities among Executive-level subcomponents, such as I&#47;O Manager and Process Manager, and handles hardware exceptions and other hardware-dependent functions. The kernel works closely with the hardware abstraction layer.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="glos_glo_decb"><term originalTerm="kernel mode ">kernel mode </term><group target="groupK"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:glos_glo_decb"/><def><para>A highly privileged mode of operation where program code has direct access to all memory, including the address spaces of all user-mode processes and applications, and to hardware. Also known as supervisor mode, protected mode, or Ring 0.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="kernel_mode_driver"><term originalTerm="kernel-mode driver ">kernel-mode driver </term><group target="groupK"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:kernel_mode_driver"/><def><para>Driver for a logical, virtual, or physical device.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_registry_key"><term originalTerm="key ">key </term><group target="groupK"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_registry_key"/><def><para>In Registry Editor, a folder that appears in the left pane of the Registry Editor window. A key can contain subkeys and entries. For example, Environment is a key of HKEY_CURRENT_USER. In IP security (IPSec), a value used in combination with an algorithm to encrypt or decrypt data. Key settings for IPSec are configurable to provide greater security.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_registry"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_subkey"/></scopeDef></entry></glossSection><glossSection><glossLetter bookmark="groupL">L</glossLetter><entry entryID="gls_label"><term originalTerm="label ">label </term><group target="groupL"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_label"/><def><para>Each part of a full DNS domain name that represents a node in the domain namespace tree. Domain names are made up of a sequence of labels, such as the three labels (example, microsoft, and com) that make up the DNS domain name example.microsoft.com. Each label used in a DNS name must be 63 bytes or less in character length.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_domain_name"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_node"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="glos_glo_cbde"><term originalTerm="LAN ">LAN </term><group target="groupL"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:glos_glo_cbde"/><seeEntry seeTermID="gls_local_area_network_lan"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="system_locale"><term originalTerm="Language for non-Unicode programs ">Language for non-Unicode programs </term><group target="groupL"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:system_locale"/><def><para>A Regional and Language Options setting that specifies the default code pages and associated bitmap font files for a specific computer that affects all of that computer's users. The default code pages and fonts enable a non-Unicode application written for one operating system language version to run correctly on another operating system language version. Formerly known as system locale.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="language_group"><term originalTerm="language group ">language group </term><group target="groupL"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:language_group"/><def><para>A term used to describe the supported script families in Microsoft Windows.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="glos_glo_dbic"><term originalTerm="Language ID ">Language ID </term><group target="groupL"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:glos_glo_dbic"/><def><para>A 16-bit value which consists of a primary and a secondary language ID. Bits 0-9 make up the primary language ID and bits 10-15 comprise the sub-language ID.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_l2tp_gloss"><term originalTerm="Layer Two Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) ">Layer Two Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) </term><group target="groupL"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_l2tp_gloss"/><def><para>An industry-standard Internet tunneling protocol that provides encapsulation for sending Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) frames across packet-oriented media. For IP networks, L2TP traffic is sent as User Datagram Protocol (UDP) messages. In Microsoft operating systems, L2TP is used in conjunction with Internet Protocol security (IPSec) as a virtual private network (VPN) technology to provide remote access or router-to-router VPN connections. L2TP is described in RFC 2661.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_point_protocol"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="layered_driver"><term originalTerm="layered driver ">layered driver </term><group target="groupL"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:layered_driver"/><def><para>One of a collection of drivers that responds to the same IRPs. Layered driver describes the highest-level and lowest-level drivers in a chain of layered drivers that process the same IRPs, along with all intermediate drivers in the chain.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="lba"><term originalTerm="LBA ">LBA </term><group target="groupL"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:lba"/><def><para>Logical block addressing. A method used with SCSI and IDE disk drives to translate the cylinder, head, and sector specifications of the drive into addresses that can be used by an enhanced BIOS. LBA is used with drives that are larger than 528MB.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_lease"><term originalTerm="lease ">lease </term><group target="groupL"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_lease"/><def><para>The length of time for which a DHCP client can use a dynamically assigned IP address configuration. Before the lease time expires, the client must either renew or obtain a new lease with DHCP.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_dhcp"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="ip_address_def"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="legacy"><term originalTerm="legacy ">legacy </term><group target="groupL"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:legacy"/><def><para>Any feature in the computer system based on older technology for which compatibility continues to be maintained in other system components.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="license"><term originalTerm="license ">license </term><group target="groupL"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:license"/><def><para>The right of a person or company to use software in a particular way, as described in the terms of the license agreement. Copyright law also limits how a person may use the software. A person needs a license agreement for each software program they use.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_ldap_gloss"><term originalTerm="Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) ">Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) </term><group target="groupL"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_ldap_gloss"/><def><para>The primary access protocol for Active Directory. LDAP is an industry-standard protocol, established by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), that allows users to query and update information in a directory service. Active Directory supports both LDAP version&nbsp;2 and LDAP version&nbsp;3.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_protocol"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_activedirectory"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_local_area_network_lan"><term originalTerm="local area network (LAN) ">local area network (LAN) </term><group target="groupL"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_local_area_network_lan"/><def><para>A communications network connecting a group of computers, printers, and other devices located within a relatively limited area (for example, a building). A LAN allows any connected device to interact with any other on the network.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_netbeui"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_network_system"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_workgroup"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="local_bus"><term originalTerm="local bus ">local bus </term><group target="groupL"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:local_bus"/><def><para>Usually refers to a system bus directly connected to the microprocessor on a system board. Local bus is used colloquially to refer to system board buses located closer to the microprocessor than ordinary expansion buses (thus requiring less buffering), which make them capable of greater throughput.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="glos_glo_dbig"><term originalTerm="Locale ">Locale </term><group target="groupL"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:glos_glo_dbig"/><def><para>A group of user preference information, such as date and time formatting, represented as a list of values related to the user's language and sublanguage.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="glos_glo_dbii"><term originalTerm="Locale ID ">Locale ID </term><group target="groupL"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:glos_glo_dbii"/><def><para>A 32-bit value which consists of the language ID in the low word (bits 0-15) and the sorting ID (bits 16-19) and a reserved value (bits 20-31) in the high word.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_logical_drive"><term originalTerm="logical drive ">logical drive </term><group target="groupL"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_logical_drive"/><def><para>A volume that you create within an extended partition on a basic master boot record (MBR) disk. Logical drives are similar to primary partitions, except that you are limited to four primary partitions per disk, whereas you can create an unlimited number of logical drives per disk. A logical drive can be formatted and assigned a drive letter.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_basic_disk"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_basic_volume"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_extended_partition"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_mbr"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_primary_partition"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="long_file_name"><term originalTerm="long file name ">long file name </term><group target="groupL"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:long_file_name"/><def><para>A folder or file name longer than the 8.3 file name standard (up to eight characters followed by a period and an extension of up to three characters). Most versions of Windows, including Windows&nbsp;XP, Windows&nbsp;2000, Window&nbsp;NT, Windows&nbsp;95, and Windows&nbsp;98 support long file names up to 255 characters.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="lpt_device"><term originalTerm="LPT device ">LPT device </term><group target="groupL"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:lpt_device"/><seeEntry seeTermID="parallel_device"/></scopeDef></entry></glossSection><glossSection><glossLetter bookmark="groupM">M</glossLetter><entry entryID="mass_storage_controller"><term originalTerm="mass-storage controller">mass-storage controller</term><group target="groupM"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:mass_storage_controller"/><def><para>A device on which mass-storage devices rely for access to a computer subsystem. For example, a SCSI card or IDE functionality lon the motherboard is a mass-storage controller; the physical hard drive is a mass-storage device.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="mass_storage_device"><term originalTerm="mass-storage device ">mass-storage device </term><group target="groupM"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:mass_storage_device"/><def><para>A generic term for disk, optical disk, or other device that provides persistent storage for computer data.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_mbr"><term originalTerm="master boot record (MBR) ">master boot record (MBR) </term><group target="groupM"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_mbr"/><def><para>The first sector on a hard disk, which begins the process of starting the computer. The MBR contains the partition table for the disk and a small amount of executable code called the master boot code.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_bootcons"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_partition_boot_sector"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="master_computer"><term originalTerm="master computer ">master computer </term><group target="groupM"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:master_computer"/><def><para>A fully-assembled computer containing a master installation.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="master_installation"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_master_file_table"><term originalTerm="master file table (MFT) ">master file table (MFT) </term><group target="groupM"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_master_file_table"/><def><para>An NTFS system file on NTFS-formatted volumes that contains information about each file and folder on the volume. The MFT is the first file on an NTFS volume.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_ntfs"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_file_allocation_table"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="master_installation"><term originalTerm="master installation ">master installation </term><group target="groupM"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:master_installation"/><def><para>A customized installation of Windows that an OEM plans to duplicate onto one or more destination computers.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_memory_address"><term originalTerm="memory address ">memory address </term><group target="groupM"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_memory_address"/><def><para>A portion of computer memory that can be allocated to a device or used by a program or the operating system. Devices are usually allocated a range of memory addresses.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_device"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_mqg_message_queuing"><term originalTerm="Message Queuing ">Message Queuing </term><group target="groupM"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_mqg_message_queuing"/><def><para>A message queuing and routing system for Windows that enables distributed applications running at different times to communicate across heterogeneous networks and with computers that may be offline. Message Queuing provides guaranteed message delivery, efficient routing, security, and priority-based messaging. Formerly known as MSMQ.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_mqg_msmq"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="mfu_list"><term originalTerm="MFU list ">MFU list </term><group target="groupM"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:mfu_list"/><def><para>Most-frequently used list. A list of applications that the end user has recently used.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_mmc"><term originalTerm="Microsoft Management Console (MMC) ">Microsoft Management Console (MMC) </term><group target="groupM"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_mmc"/><def><para>A framework for hosting administrative tools called snap-ins. A console might contain tools, folders or other containers, World Wide Web pages, and other administrative items. These items are displayed in the left pane of the console, called a console tree. A console has one or more windows that can provide views of the console tree. The main MMC window provides commands and tools for authoring consoles. The authoring features of MMC and the console tree itself might be hidden when a console is in User Mode.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_console_tree"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_snapin"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="microsoft_oem_system_builder_agreement"><term originalTerm="Microsoft OEM System Builder Agreement">Microsoft OEM System Builder Agreement</term><group target="groupB"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:microsoft_oem_system_builder_agreement"/><def><para>The license agreement between a system builder and Microsoft Licensing, Inc., affixed to the side of every OEM Distribution Pack. By opening the package, you agree to all the terms of the Microsoft OEM System Builder Agreement. If you do not agree to all the terms of the agreement, contact the Microsoft OEM authorized distributor it was purchased from and make arrangements to return the software.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_msr"><term originalTerm="Microsoft Reserved (MSR) partition ">Microsoft Reserved (MSR) partition </term><group target="groupM"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_msr"/><def><para>A required partition on every GUID partition table (GPT) disk. System components can allocate portions of the MSR partition into new partitions for their own use. For example, when you convert a basic GPT disk to dynamic, the system allocates a portion of the MSR partition to be used as the Logical Disk Manager (LDM) metadata partition. The MSR partition varies in size based on the size of the GPT disk. For disks smaller than 16 GB, the MSR partition is 32 MB. For disks larger than 16 GB, the MSR partition is 128 MB. The MSR partition is not visible in Disk Management, and you cannot store data on the MSR partition or delete it.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_gpt"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_partition"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="midi"><term originalTerm="MIDI ">MIDI </term><group target="groupM"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:midi"/><def><para>Musical Instrument Digital Interface. An industry-standard connection for computer control of musical instruments and devices. A hardware and data standard for communication between hardware. Most references involve only the data standard, which is a byte stream used for controlling musical instruments and storing the output of such instruments.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="mini_setup"><term originalTerm="Mini-Setup ">Mini-Setup </term><group target="groupM"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:mini_setup"/><def><para>A subset of GUI-mode Setup, Mini-Setup is the first-run experience on the Windows Server family of products. Mini-Setup prompts for user-specific information, detects new hardware, and regenerates system IDs.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="mips"><term originalTerm="MIPS ">MIPS </term><group target="groupM"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:mips"/><def><para>Millions of instructions per second. A common measure of processor speed.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_mirrored_volume"><term originalTerm="mirrored volume ">mirrored volume </term><group target="groupM"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_mirrored_volume"/><def><para>A fault-tolerant volume that duplicates data on two physical disks. A mirrored volume provides data redundancy by using two identical volumes, which are called mirrors, to duplicate the information contained on the volume. A mirror is always located on a different disk. If one of the physical disks fails, the data on the failed disk becomes unavailable, but the system continues to operate in the mirror on the remaining disk. You can create mirrored volumes only on dynamic disks on computers running the Windows&nbsp;2000 Server or Windows&nbsp;Server family of operating systems. You cannot extend mirrored volumes.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_fault_tolerance"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_raid5_volume"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_dynamic_disk"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_dynamic_volume"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_mixedmode"><term originalTerm="mixed mode ">mixed mode </term><group target="groupM"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_mixedmode"/><def><para>In a Windows&nbsp;2000 domain, the default domain mode setting. Mixed mode allows Windows&nbsp;NT-based backup domain controllers to coexist with Windows&nbsp;2000-based domain controllers. Mixed mode does not support universal groups or the nesting of groups. You can change the domain mode setting to native mode when all Windows&nbsp;NT-based domain controllers are removed from a domain. In Windows&nbsp;domains, mixed mode is referred to as Windows&nbsp;2000 mixed, and it is one of three domain functional levels available.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_activedirectory"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_nativemode"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_modem_gloss"><term originalTerm="modem (modulator/demodulator) ">modem (modulator/demodulator) </term><group target="groupM"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_modem_gloss"/><def><para>A device that allows computer information to be transmitted and received over a telephone line. The transmitting modem translates digital computer data into analog signals that can be carried over a phone line. The receiving modem translates the analog signals back to digital form.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_port"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_tapi"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="monochrome"><term originalTerm="monochrome">monochrome</term><group target="groupM"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:monochrome"/><def><para>A monitor that displays images in only one color, or displays only variable levels of a single color, such as a gray-scale monitor.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="monolithic_driver"><term originalTerm="monolithic driver ">monolithic driver </term><group target="groupM"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:monolithic_driver"/><def><para>A driver that contains many different classes of functionality.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="motherboard_def"><term originalTerm="motherboard ">motherboard </term><group target="groupM"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:motherboard_def"/><def><para>The main circuit board of a microcomputer. The motherboard contains the connectors for attaching additional boards.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="mount_point"><term originalTerm="mount point">mount point</term><group target="groupM"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:mount_point"/><seeEntry seeTermID="volume_mount_point"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="mp3"><term originalTerm="MP3 ">MP3 </term><group target="groupM"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:mp3"/><def><para>Acronym for MPEG Audio Layer-3. A digital audio coding scheme used to distribute recorded music over the Internet. MP3 shrinks the size of an audio file by a factor of 10 to 12 without degrading the quality (CD-recording level) of the sound.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="mpeg_audio_layer_3"><term originalTerm="MPEG Audio Layer-3">MPEG Audio Layer-3</term><group target="groupM"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:mpeg_audio_layer_3"/><def><para>A digital audio coding scheme used to distribute recorded music over the Internet. MP3 shrinks the size of an audio file by a factor of 10 to 12 without degrading the quality (CD-recording level) of the sound. </para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="msdn"><term originalTerm="MSDN ">MSDN </term><group target="groupM"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:msdn"/><def><para>Microsoft Developer Network.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_mqg_msmq"><term originalTerm="MSMQ ">MSMQ </term><group target="groupM"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_mqg_msmq"/><def><para>The message queuing and routing system for Windows&nbsp;NT&nbsp;4.0, Windows&nbsp;95, and Windows&nbsp;98. For Windows&nbsp;2000, Windows&nbsp;XP, and the Windows&nbsp;Server family, this feature is called Message Queuing.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_mqg_message_queuing"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="multi_language_user_interface__mui_2"><term originalTerm="Multi-Language User Interface (MUI) ">Multi-Language User Interface (MUI) </term><group target="groupM"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:multi_language_user_interface__mui_2"/><def><para>A separate, stand-alone release of Windows that includes user interface resources for each supported language. MUI allows users to set the user-interface language according to their preferences, provided the required language files are present on the computer. It is designed to allow large corporations to deploy a single version of Windows worldwide, while allowing their local users or groups to select the user-interface language. The following items are not localized in MUI versions: all 16-bit code, bitmaps, registry keys and values, folders and file names, and .inf files.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="multibyte_character_set__mbcs_"><term originalTerm="MultiByte Character Set (MBCS) ">MultiByte Character Set (MBCS) </term><group target="groupM"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:multibyte_character_set__mbcs_"/><def><para>A mixed-width character set, in which some characters consist of more than 1 byte. A double byte character set (DBCS), which is a specific type of multibyte character set, includes some characters that consist of 1 byte and some characters that consist of 2 bytes.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="multimedia"><term originalTerm="multimedia ">multimedia </term><group target="groupM"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:multimedia"/><def><para>Refers to the delivery of information that combines different content formats, such as video, audio, still images, graphics, animation, and text.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="multiprocessor"><term originalTerm="multiprocessor ">multiprocessor </term><group target="groupM"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:multiprocessor"/><def><para>Two or more connected and roughly equal processors that can each carry out one or more processes (programs or sets of instructions) in tandem.</para></def></scopeDef></entry></glossSection><glossSection><glossLetter bookmark="groupN">N</glossLetter><entry entryID="gls_name_resolution"><term originalTerm="name resolution ">name resolution </term><group target="groupN"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_name_resolution"/><def><para>The process of having software translate between names that are easy for users to work with and numerical IP addresses, which are difficult for users but necessary for TCP&#47;IP communications. Name resolution can be provided by software components such as DNS or WINS.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_trans_internet"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_wins"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_nativemode"><term originalTerm="native mode ">native mode </term><group target="groupN"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_nativemode"/><def><para>In Windows&nbsp;2000 domains, the domain mode in which all domain controllers in a domain are running Windows&nbsp;2000 and a domain administrator has switched the domain operation mode from mixed mode to native mode. Native mode supports universal groups and nesting of groups. In native mode, domain controllers running Windows&nbsp;NT&nbsp;4.0 or earlier are not supported. In Windows&nbsp;domains, native mode is referred to as Windows&nbsp;2000 native, and it is one of three domain functional levels available.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_activedirectory"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_mixedmode"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="ncw"><term originalTerm="NCW ">NCW </term><group target="groupN"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:ncw"/><seeEntry seeTermID="new_connection_wizard"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="glos_glo_adja"><term originalTerm="NetBEUI ">NetBEUI </term><group target="groupN"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:glos_glo_adja"/><seeEntry seeTermID="gls_netbeui"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_netbeui"><term originalTerm="NetBIOS Extended User Interface (NetBEUI) ">NetBIOS Extended User Interface (NetBEUI) </term><group target="groupN"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_netbeui"/><def><para>A network protocol native to Microsoft Networking. It is usually used in small, department-size local area networks (LANs) of 1 to 200 clients. It can use Token Ring source routing as its only method of routing. It is the Microsoft implementation of the NetBIOS standard.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_local_area_network_lan"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_network_system"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_protocol"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="network_adapter_def"><term originalTerm="network adapter ">network adapter </term><group target="groupN"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:network_adapter_def"/><def><para>A device that connects your computer to a network. Sometimes called an adapter card or network interface card.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_network_system"><term originalTerm="network basic input/output system (NetBIOS) ">network basic input/output system (NetBIOS) </term><group target="groupN"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_network_system"/><def><para>An application programming interface (API) that can be used by programs on a local area network (LAN). NetBIOS provides programs with a uniform set of commands for requesting the lower-level services required to manage names, conduct sessions, and send datagrams between nodes on a network.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="dcgls_api"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_bios"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_local_area_network_lan"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_node"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_service"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="network_card"><term originalTerm="network card ">network card </term><group target="groupN"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:network_card"/><seeEntry seeTermID="network_interface_card"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="network_card_driver"><term originalTerm="network card driver">network card driver</term><group target="groupN"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:network_card_driver"/><def><para>A device driver that works directly with the network card, acting as an intermediary between the card and the protocol driver.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="network_interface_card"><term originalTerm="network interface card (NIC) ">network interface card (NIC) </term><group target="groupN"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:network_interface_card"/><def><para>An expansion card or other device used to provide network access to a computer or other device, such as a printer. Network interface cards mediate between the computer and physical media, such as cabling, over which transmissions travel. Also called network adapter or network card.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_nntp"><term originalTerm="Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP) ">Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP) </term><group target="groupN"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_nntp"/><def><para>A member of the TCP&#47;IP suite of protocols used to distribute network news messages to NNTP servers and clients (newsreaders) on the Internet. NNTP is designed so that news articles are stored on a server in a central database, thus enabling a user to select specific items to read.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_trans_internet"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="new_connection_wizard"><term originalTerm="New Connection Wizard (NCW) ">New Connection Wizard (NCW) </term><group target="groupN"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:new_connection_wizard"/><def><para>A tool that helps users sign up for Internet service and automatically handles the software configuration steps necessary for gaining access to the Internet.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="nic"><term originalTerm="NIC ">NIC </term><group target="groupN"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:nic"/><seeEntry seeTermID="network_interface_card"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_node"><term originalTerm="node ">node </term><group target="groupN"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_node"/><def><para>For tree structures, a location on the tree that can have links to one or more items below it. For local area networks (LANs), a device that is connected to the network and is capable of communicating with other network devices. For server clusters, a computer system that is an active or inactive member of a cluster.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_local_area_network_lan"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="server_cluster"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="non_spacing_character"><term originalTerm="non-spacing character ">non-spacing character </term><group target="groupN"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:non_spacing_character"/><def><para>A character, such as diacritic, that has no meaning by itself, but overlaps a base character to modify it, sometimes referred to as a "combining character".</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_ntfs"><term originalTerm="NTFS file system ">NTFS file system </term><group target="groupN"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_ntfs"/><def><para>An advanced file system that provides performance, security, reliability, and advanced features that are not found in any version of FAT. For example, NTFS guarantees volume consistency by using standard transaction logging and recovery techniques. If a system fails, NTFS uses its log file and checkpoint information to restore the consistency of the file system. NTFS also provides advanced features such as file and folder permissions, encryption, disk quotas, and compression.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_fat32"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_file_allocation_table"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_file_system"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="nwlink2"><term originalTerm="NWLink">NWLink</term><group target="groupN"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:nwlink2"/><seeEntry seeTermID="gls_nwlink"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_nwlink"><term originalTerm="NWLink IPX/SPX/NetBIOS Compatible Transport Protocol (NWLink) ">NWLink IPX/SPX/NetBIOS Compatible Transport Protocol (NWLink) </term><group target="groupN"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_nwlink"/><def><para>An implementation of the Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX), Sequenced Packet Exchange (SPX), and NetBIOS protocols used in Novell networks. NWLink is a standard network protocol that supports routing and can support NetWare client-server applications, where NetWare-aware Sockets-based applications communicate with IPX&#47;SPX Sockets-based applications.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_ipxspx"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_network_system"/></scopeDef></entry></glossSection><glossSection><glossLetter bookmark="groupO">O</glossLetter><entry entryID="gls_object"><term originalTerm="object ">object </term><group target="groupO"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_object"/><def><para>An entity, such as a file, folder, shared folder, printer, or Active Directory object, described by a distinct, named set of attributes. For example, the attributes of a File object include its name, location, and size; the attributes of an Active Directory User object might include the user's first name, last name, and e-mail address. For OLE and ActiveX, an object can also be any piece of information that can be linked to, or embedded into, another object.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_attributes"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_child_object"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_parent_object"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="oem"><term originalTerm="OEM ">OEM </term><group target="groupO"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:oem"/><seeEntry seeTermID="glos_glo_gihb"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="oem_branding"><term originalTerm="OEM branding ">OEM branding </term><group target="groupO"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:oem_branding"/><def><para>To incorporate a company name, logo, support information, and Help files into the Microsoft Windows installation.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="oem_isp_signup_offer"><term originalTerm="OEM ISP sign-up offer ">OEM ISP sign-up offer </term><group target="groupO"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:oem_isp_signup_offer"/><def><para>A set of HTML pages created by either the OEM or a third-party company that lets end users sign up for Internet access from a particular Internet service provider (ISP). You can incorporate these pages into Windows Welcome, or include a shortcut to the first page of the OEM link on the Start menu.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="oem_folder"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="windows_welcome"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="oem_license_agreement"><term originalTerm="OEM License Agreement ">OEM License Agreement </term><group target="groupO"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:oem_license_agreement"/><def><para>A legal agreement between Microsoft Licensing, Inc., and OEMs regarding the terms of preinstalling, customizing, and distributing Microsoft Windows. For System Builders, the corresponding agreement is affixed to the side of every OEM Distribution Pack. By opening the package you agree to all the terms of the Microsoft OEM System Builder Agreement. For royalty OEMs, the license agreement is a signed contract. The specific requirements and customization options that apply to either or both license agreements is documented in the OPK User's Guide.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="microsoft_oem_system_builder_agreement"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="royalty_oem"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="system_builder"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="oem_folder"><term originalTerm="OEM link ">OEM link </term><group target="groupO"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:oem_folder"/><def><para>A link on the Start menu where OEMs can place any desired links or shortcuts.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="oem_preinstallation_kit__opk_"><term originalTerm="OEM Preinstallation Kit (OPK) ">OEM Preinstallation Kit (OPK) </term><group target="groupO"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:oem_preinstallation_kit__opk_"/><def><para>A set of tools, documentation, and samples that enable OEMs to efficiently preinstall Windows on new computers according to the terms of the OEM Licensing Agreement.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="oem_chm"><term originalTerm="Oem.chm ">Oem.chm </term><group target="groupO"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:oem_chm"/><def><para>The HTML Help file that you customize to provide OEM-specific support information in Windows Help.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="oeminfo_ini"><term originalTerm="Oeminfo.ini ">Oeminfo.ini </term><group target="groupO"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:oeminfo_ini"/><def><para>A file used to provide required OEM information, such as company name, computer model, company telephone number, and customer support information.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="onnow"><term originalTerm="OnNow ">OnNow </term><group target="groupO"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:onnow"/><seeEntry seeTermID="gls_acpi"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="oobe"><term originalTerm="OOBE ">OOBE </term><group target="groupO"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:oobe"/><seeEntry seeTermID="windows_welcome"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_opentype_fonts"><term originalTerm="OpenType fonts ">OpenType fonts </term><group target="groupO"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_opentype_fonts"/><def><para>Outline fonts that are rendered from line and curve commands, and can be scaled and rotated. OpenType fonts are clear and readable in all sizes and on all output devices supported by Windows. OpenType is an extension of TrueType font technology.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_font"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="opk"><term originalTerm="OPK ">OPK </term><group target="groupO"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:opk"/><seeEntry seeTermID="oem_preinstallation_kit__opk_"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="glos_glo_gihb"><term originalTerm="original equipment manufacturer (OEM) ">original equipment manufacturer (OEM) </term><group target="groupO"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:glos_glo_gihb"/><def><para>A company that typically purchases computer components from other manufacturers, uses the components to build a personal computer, preinstalls Windows onto that computer, and then sells the computer to the public.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="out_of_box_experience__oobe_"><term originalTerm="Out-Of-Box Experience (OOBE)">Out-Of-Box Experience (OOBE)</term><group target="groupO"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:out_of_box_experience__oobe_"/><seeEntry seeTermID="windows_welcome"/></scopeDef></entry></glossSection><glossSection><glossLetter bookmark="groupP">P</glossLetter><entry entryID="gls_paging_file"><term originalTerm="paging file ">paging file </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_paging_file"/><def><para>A hidden file or files on the hard disk that Windows uses to hold parts of programs and data files that do not fit in memory. The paging file and physical memory, or RAM, comprise virtual memory. Windows moves data from the paging file to memory as needed and moves data from memory to the paging file to make room for new data. Also known as a swap file.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="parallel_device"><term originalTerm="parallel device ">parallel device </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:parallel_device"/><def><para>A device that uses a parallel connection.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_parent_object"><term originalTerm="parent object ">parent object </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_parent_object"/><def><para>An object in which another object resides. For example, a folder is a parent object in which a file, or child object, resides. An object can be both a parent and a child object. For example, a subfolder that contains files is both the child of the parent folder and the parent folder of the files.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_child_object"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_object"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_partition"><term originalTerm="partition ">partition </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_partition"/><def><para>A portion of a physical disk that functions as though it were a physically separate disk. After you create a partition, you must format it and assign it a drive letter before you can store data on it. On basic disks, partitions are known as basic volumes, which include primary partitions and logical drives. On dynamic disks, partitions are known as dynamic volumes, which include simple, striped, spanned, mirrored, and RAID-5 volumes. </para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_basic_disk"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_basic_volume"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_dynamic_volume"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_extended_partition"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_primary_partition"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_system_partition"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_partition_boot_sector"><term originalTerm="partition boot sector ">partition boot sector </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_partition_boot_sector"/><def><para>A portion of a hard disk partition that contains information about the disk's file system and a short machine language program that loads the Windows operating system.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_partition"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="passport"><term originalTerm="passport ">passport </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:passport"/><def><para>A single sign-in service that lets you use a single name and password on multiple participating Web sites.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_password"><term originalTerm="password ">password </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_password"/><def><para>A security measure used to restrict logon names to user accounts and access to computer systems and resources. A password is a string of characters that must be provided before a logon name or an access is authorized. A password can be made up of letters, numbers, and symbols, and it is case sensitive.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_user_account"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_pc_card"><term originalTerm="PC Card ">PC Card </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_pc_card"/><def><para>A removable device, approximately the size of a credit card, that can be plugged into a Personal Computer Memory Card International Association (PCMCIA) slot in a portable computer. PCMCIA devices can include modems, network cards, and hard disk drives.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_modem_gloss"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="pc_health"><term originalTerm="PC Health ">PC Health </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:pc_health"/><def><para>A suite of technologies and features focused on providing end users with improved technical support by enabling web-based support solutions. PC Health also provides better operating system reliability, and an enhanced end-user experience, by providing easier access to help content and support services.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="defhw_pcmcia"><term originalTerm="PCMCIA device ">PCMCIA device </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:defhw_pcmcia"/><def><para>A removable device, approximately the size of a credit card, that can be plugged into a PCMCIA slot in a portable computer. PCMCIA devices can include modems, network adapters, and hard disk drives. Some PCMCIA cards can be connected to and disconnected from your computer without restarting it. Before you remove the PCMCIA card, however, you should use the Add Hardware Wizard to notify Windows that you are doing so. Windows will then notify you when you can remove the device.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_access_permission"><term originalTerm="permission ">permission </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_access_permission"/><def><para>A rule associated with an object to regulate which users can gain access to the object and in what manner. Permissions are granted or denied by the object's owner.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_object"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="pic"><term originalTerm="PIC ">PIC </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:pic"/><def><para>Programmable Interrupt Controller. This type of hardware cannot be used in computers with multiple processes, and the processing speed is slower than similar APIC hardware.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="piracy"><term originalTerm="piracy ">piracy </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:piracy"/><def><para>Unauthorized copying, distribution, and use of computer software, or software theft.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="pixels"><term originalTerm="pixels ">pixels </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:pixels"/><def><para>An abbreviation for picture elements. The minimum raster display element, represented as a point, with a specified color or intensity level. One way to measure picture resolution is by the number of pixels used to create images.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_plug_and_play"><term originalTerm="Plug and Play ">Plug and Play </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_plug_and_play"/><def><para>A set of specifications developed by Intel Corporation that allows a computer to automatically detect and configure a device and install the appropriate device drivers.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_universal_serial_bus"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="plug_and_play_bios"><term originalTerm="Plug and Play BIOS ">Plug and Play BIOS </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:plug_and_play_bios"/><def><para>A BIOS with responsibility for configuring Plug and Play cards and system-board devices during system power up. Provides runtime configuration services for system board devices after startup.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="bios"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_acpi"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="system_board"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_point_protocol"><term originalTerm="Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) ">Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_point_protocol"/><def><para>An industry standard suite of protocols for the use of point-to-point links to transport multiprotocol datagrams. PPP is documented in RFC 1661.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_remote_service"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_trans_internet"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_pointtopoint_tunneling_protocol_pptp"><term originalTerm="Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) ">Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_pointtopoint_tunneling_protocol_pptp"/><def><para>Networking technology that supports multiprotocol virtual private networks (VPNs), enabling remote users to access corporate networks securely across the Internet or other networks by dialing into an Internet service provider (ISP) or by connecting directly to the Internet. PPTP tunnels, or encapsulates, IP, IPX, or NetBEUI traffic inside of IP packets. This means that users can remotely run applications that are dependent upon particular network protocols.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_internet_protocol"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_ipx_gloss"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_netbeui"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="populate"><term originalTerm="populate">populate</term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:populate"/><def><para>To import prepared data using a software procedure rather than the end user entering the information.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_port"><term originalTerm="port ">port </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_port"/><def><para>A connection point on your computer where you can connect devices that pass data into and out of a computer. For example, a printer is typically connected to a parallel port (also called an LPT port), and a modem is typically connected to a serial port (also called a COM port).</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_universal_serial_bus"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="glos_glo_hdbd"><term originalTerm="POST ">POST </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:glos_glo_hdbd"/><seeEntry seeTermID="glos_glo_gihc"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="power_management"><term originalTerm="power management ">power management </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:power_management"/><def><para>Mechanisms in software and hardware to minimize system power consumption, manage system thermal limits, and maximize system battery life. Power management involves trade-offs among system speed, noise, battery life, processing speed, and power consumption.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="glos_glo_gihc"><term originalTerm="power-on self test (POST) ">power-on self test (POST) </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:glos_glo_gihc"/><def><para>A set of routines stored in read-only memory (ROM) that tests various system components such as RAM, the disk drives, and the keyboard, to see if they are properly connected and operating. If problems are found, these routines alert the user with a series of beeps or a message, often accompanied by a diagnostic numeric value. If the POST is successful, it passes control to the bootstrap loader.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="bootstrap_loader"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="preboot_execution_environment"><term originalTerm="Preboot Execution Environment">Preboot Execution Environment</term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:preboot_execution_environment"/><def><para>DHCP-based remote boot technology used to boot or install an operating system on a client computer from a remote server. A RIS Server is an example of a PXE Server.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="precached_isp_signup_offer"><term originalTerm="precached ISP signup offer ">precached ISP signup offer </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:precached_isp_signup_offer"/><seeEntry seeTermID="oem_isp_signup_offer"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="precomposed_character"><term originalTerm="precomposed character ">precomposed character </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:precomposed_character"/><def><para>A single character that represents a sequence of characters, usually a combination of a base character and one or more diacritics.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="preconfigured_isp_signup"><term originalTerm="preconfigured ISP signup ">preconfigured ISP signup </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:preconfigured_isp_signup"/><def><para>Configuring the operating system during the manufacturing process to use a specific account for access to the Internet.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_predef_key"><term originalTerm="predefined key ">predefined key </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_predef_key"/><def><para>A key that represents one of the main divisions of the registry. Each predefined key is displayed in a separate Registry Editor window, with the key's name appearing in the window's title bar. For example, HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT is a predefined key.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_registry"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_registry_hive"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_registry_key"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="preinstall1"><term originalTerm="preinstall">preinstall</term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:preinstall1"/><def><para>To install and configure Windows XP on new computers that are then distributed to end users.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="preinstall"><term originalTerm="preinstallation ">preinstallation </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:preinstall"/><def><para>The act of installing and configuring Windows XP on new computers that are then distributed to end users.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_primary_disk"><term originalTerm="Primary disk ">Primary disk </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_primary_disk"/><def><para>The hard disk drive that contains the system and boot partitions used to start Windows.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_boot_partition"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_system_partition"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_primary_partition"><term originalTerm="primary partition ">primary partition </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_primary_partition"/><def><para>A type of partition that you can create on basic disks. A primary partition is a portion of a physical disk that functions as though it were a physically separate disk. On basic master boot record (MBR) disks, you can create up to four primary partitions on a basic disk, or three primary partitions and an extended partition with multiple logical drives. On basic GPT disks, you can create up to 128 primary partitions. Also known as a volume.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_basic_disk"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_extended_partition"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_gpt"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_logical_drive"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_mbr"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_partition"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_private_key"><term originalTerm="private key ">private key </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_private_key"/><def><para>The secret half of a cryptographic key pair that is used with a public key algorithm. Private keys are typically used to decrypt a symmetric session key, digitally sign data, or decrypt data that has been encrypted with the corresponding public key.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_public_key"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_public_key_encryption"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="product_activation"><term originalTerm="product activation ">product activation </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:product_activation"/><seeEntry seeTermID="windows_product_activation"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="product_key"><term originalTerm="Product Key ">Product Key </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:product_key"/><def><para>A 25-character, alpha-numeric string. Customers must enter this string to activate their installation of Windows. The product key is located on the certificate of authenticity, which is attached to the computer chassis.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="property_set"><term originalTerm="property set ">property set </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:property_set"/><def><para>A method defined to set and get properties on a driver. Each property set has a unique identifier, which represents types of related information and is used to access the property set.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_protective_mbr"><term originalTerm="Protective MBR ">Protective MBR </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_protective_mbr"/><def><para>The first sector of a GUID partition table (GPT) disk that is structured like the first sector of a master boot record (MBR) disk to prevent x86-based disk utilities from destroying GPT partitions. The Protective MBR contains one partition that reserves the entire space used on the disk by GPT partitions.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_efi"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_gpt"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_mbr"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="x86"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_protocol"><term originalTerm="protocol ">protocol </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_protocol"/><def><para>A set of rules and conventions for sending information over a network. These rules govern the content, format, timing, sequencing, and error control of messages exchanged among network devices.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_internet_protocol"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_trans_internet"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="proxy"><term originalTerm="proxy ">proxy </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:proxy"/><def><para>A firewall and content cache server that provides Internet security and improves network performance.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_public_key"><term originalTerm="public key ">public key </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_public_key"/><def><para>The nonsecret half of a cryptographic key pair that is used with a public key algorithm. Public keys are typically used when encrypting a session key, verifying a digital signature, or encrypting data that can be decrypted with the corresponding private key.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_private_key"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_public_key_encryption"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_registry_key"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_public_key_encryption"><term originalTerm="public key encryption ">public key encryption </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_public_key_encryption"/><def><para>A method of encryption that uses two encryption keys that are mathematically related. One key is called the private key and is kept confidential. The other is called the public key and is freely given out to all potential correspondents. In a typical scenario, a sender uses the receiver's public key to encrypt a message. Only the receiver has the related private key to decrypt the message. The complexity of the relationship between the public key and the private key means that, provided the keys are long enough, it is computationally infeasible to determine one from the other. Also called asymmetric encryption.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_encryption"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_private_key"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_public_key"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_pki"><term originalTerm="public key infrastructure (PKI) ">public key infrastructure (PKI) </term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_pki"/><def><para>The laws, policies, standards, and software that regulate or manipulate certificates and public and private keys. In practice, it is a system of digital certificates, certification authorities, and other registration authorities that verify and authenticate the validity of each party involved in an electronic transaction. Standards for PKI are still evolving, even though they are being widely implemented as a necessary element of electronic commerce.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_certificate"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_certification_authority"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_public_key"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="pxe"><term originalTerm="PXE">PXE</term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:pxe"/><seeEntry seeTermID="preboot_execution_environment"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="pxe_protocol"><term originalTerm="PXE protocol">PXE protocol</term><group target="groupP"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:pxe_protocol"/><def><para>An extension to the DHCP protocol that allows information to be sent to network-bootable systems and allows these systems to find RIS servers.</para></def></scopeDef></entry></glossSection><glossSection><glossLetter bookmark="groupQ">Q</glossLetter><entry entryID="qfe"><term originalTerm="QFE ">QFE </term><group target="groupQ"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:qfe"/><def><para>Quick-Fix Engineering. This is usually referred to as a hotfix.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="hotfix"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="qmark_character"><term originalTerm="Qmark character">Qmark character</term><group target="groupQ"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:qmark_character"/><def><para>The animated Microsoft agent character in Windows Welcome.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="quiet_mode"><term originalTerm="quiet mode ">quiet mode </term><group target="groupQ"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:quiet_mode"/><def><para>Running a command-line application so that it does not display confirmation messages or any other user interface items that normally appear on screen. The switch for quiet mode is typically &#47;q.</para></def></scopeDef></entry></glossSection><glossSection><glossLetter bookmark="groupR">R</glossLetter><entry entryID="gls_raid5_volume"><term originalTerm="RAID-5 volume ">RAID-5 volume </term><group target="groupR"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_raid5_volume"/><def><para>A fault-tolerant volume with data and parity striped intermittently across three or more physical disks. Parity is a calculated value that is used to reconstruct data after a failure. If a portion of a physical disk fails, Windows recreates the data that was on the failed portion from the remaining data and parity. You can create RAID-5 volumes only on dynamic disks on computers running the Windows&nbsp;2000 Server or Windows&nbsp;Server family of operating systems. You cannot mirror or extend RAID-5 volumes. In Windows&nbsp;NT&nbsp;4.0, a RAID-5 volume was known as a striped set with parity.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_dynamic_disk"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_dynamic_volume"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_fault_tolerance"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="ram_def"><term originalTerm="RAM ">RAM </term><group target="groupR"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:ram_def"/><seeEntry seeTermID="gls_ram"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_ram"><term originalTerm="random access memory (RAM) ">random access memory (RAM) </term><group target="groupR"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_ram"/><def><para>Memory that can be read from or written to by a computer or other devices. Information stored in RAM is lost when the computer is turned off.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="ranking"><term originalTerm="ranking ">ranking </term><group target="groupR"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:ranking"/><def><para>Windows XP ranks drivers to determine which is the best for a device. The lower the rank, the better the match of the driver to the device.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_rom"><term originalTerm="read-only memory (ROM) ">read-only memory (ROM) </term><group target="groupR"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_rom"/><def><para>A semiconductor circuit that contains information that cannot be modified.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_rebinding_state"><term originalTerm="rebinding state ">rebinding state </term><group target="groupR"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_rebinding_state"/><def><para>A state used by DHCP clients to extend and renew their address lease when the current lease is close to expiring. In this state, the client broadcasts to the network to locate any DHCP server that can either renew or replace its currently leased configuration. The rebinding state begins when 87.5 percent of the client's lease time has elapsed.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_dhcp"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_lease"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="reboot_def"><term originalTerm="reboot ">reboot </term><group target="groupR"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:reboot_def"/><def><para>To restart a computer by reloading the operating system. This can be done by performing either a cold boot, such as turning the computer off and then back on, or a warm boot, such as turning the computer off by typically pressing CTRL + ALT + DEL, clicking Shut Down, and then clicking Restart.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_bootcons"><term originalTerm="Recovery Console ">Recovery Console </term><group target="groupR"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_bootcons"/><def><para>A command-line interface that provides a limited set of administrative commands that are useful for repairing a computer.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_ntfs"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="recovery_media"><term originalTerm="recovery media ">recovery media </term><group target="groupR"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:recovery_media"/><def><para>Media provided by the OEM to the customer that allows the customer to repair or reinstall their installation of Windows.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_risc"><term originalTerm="reduced instruction set computing ">reduced instruction set computing </term><group target="groupR"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_risc"/><def><para>A type of microprocessor design that focuses on rapid and efficient processing of a relatively small set of instructions. RISC architecture limits the number of instructions that are built into the microprocessor, but optimizes each so it can be carried out very rapidly{bmct emdash.bmp}usually within a single clock cycle.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_raid"><term originalTerm="Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID) ">Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID) </term><group target="groupR"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_raid"/><def><para>A method used to standardize and categorize fault-tolerant disk systems. RAID levels provide various mixes of performance, reliability, and cost. Some servers provide three of the RAID levels: Level 0 (striping), Level 1 (mirroring), and Level 5 (RAID-5).</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_fault_tolerance"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_raid5_volume"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="reference_computer"><term originalTerm="reference computer ">reference computer </term><group target="groupR"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:reference_computer"/><seeEntry seeTermID="technician_computer"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="registration"><term originalTerm="registration ">registration </term><group target="groupR"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:registration"/><def><para>Providing the user's name, address, and other demographic information to Microsoft or to both Microsoft and the OEM. Registration information is commonly used for marketing purposes. Registration is different from activation; a user may activate their installation of Windows without providing any identification or demographic information.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="windows_product_activation"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_registry"><term originalTerm="registry ">registry </term><group target="groupR"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_registry"/><def><para>A database repository for information about a computer's configuration. The registry contains information that Windows continually references during operation, such as: <ul><li>Profiles for each user</li> <li>The programs installed on the computer and the types of documents each can create</li> <li>Property settings for folders and program icons</li> <li>What hardware exists on the system</li> <li>Which ports are being used</li></ul> The registry is organized hierarchically as a tree, and it is made up of keys and their subkeys, hives, and entries.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_registry_hive"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_registry_key"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_subkey"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="glos_glo_eadg"><term originalTerm="registry key ">registry key </term><group target="groupR"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:glos_glo_eadg"/><def><para>An identifier for a record or group of records in the registry.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_remote_service"><term originalTerm="remote access ">remote access </term><group target="groupR"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_remote_service"/><def><para>Part of the integrated Routing and Remote Access service that provides remote networking for telecommuters, mobile workers, and system administrators who monitor and manage servers at multiple branch offices. Users can use Network Connections to dial in to remotely access their networks for services such as file and printer sharing, electronic mail, scheduling, and SQL database access.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_ras_server"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_service"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_ras_server"><term originalTerm="remote access server ">remote access server </term><group target="groupR"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_ras_server"/><def><para>A Windows-based computer running the Routing and Remote Access service and configured to provide remote access.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_remote_service"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="remote_installation_server__ris_"><term originalTerm="Remote Installation Server (RIS) ">Remote Installation Server (RIS) </term><group target="groupR"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:remote_installation_server__ris_"/><def><para>An optional component that remotely installs Windows XP Professional. RIS installs the operating system on remote boot-enabled client computers by connecting the computer to the network, starting the client computer, logging on with a valid user account, and copying an operating system image to the client computer.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="replica"><term originalTerm="replica">replica</term><group target="groupR"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:replica"/><def><para>In Active Directory replication, one instance of a logical Active Directory partition that is synchronized by means of replication between domain controllers that hold copies of the same directory partition. Replica can also refer to an instance of an object or attribute in a distributed directory. In the File Replication service (FRS), a computer that has been included in the configuration of a specific replica set.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="reseal"><term originalTerm="reseal ">reseal </term><group target="groupR"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:reseal"/><def><para>To prepare the operating system for delivery to the end user, after completing any additional processing or validation in the factory. Run Sysprep -reseal at the end of your Factory processing to seal the computer.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_resource"><term originalTerm="resource ">resource </term><group target="groupR"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_resource"/><def><para>Generally, any part of a computer system or network, such as a disk drive, printer, or memory, that can be allotted to a running program or a process. For Device Manager, any of four system components that control how the devices on a computer work. These four system resources are interrupt request (IRQ) lines, direct memory access (DMA) channels, input&#47;output (I&#47;O) ports, and memory addresses. For server clusters, a physical or logical entity that is capable of being managed by a cluster, brought online and taken offline, and moved between nodes. A resource can be owned only by a single node at any point in time.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_input_output_port"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_interrupt_line"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_memory_address"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_node"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="server_cluster"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="ris"><term originalTerm="RIS ">RIS </term><group target="groupR"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:ris"/><seeEntry seeTermID="remote_installation_server__ris_"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="glos_glo_ddfh"><term originalTerm="RISC ">RISC </term><group target="groupR"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:glos_glo_ddfh"/><seeEntry seeTermID="gls_risc"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_root"><term originalTerm="root ">root </term><group target="groupR"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_root"/><def><para>The highest or uppermost level in a hierarchically organized set of information. The root is the point from which further subsets are branched in a logical sequence that moves from a broad or general focus to narrower perspectives.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_root_authority"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_root_certificate"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_root_certificate"><term originalTerm="root certificate ">root certificate </term><group target="groupR"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_root_certificate"/><def><para>A self-signed certification authority certificate. It is called a root certificate because it is the certificate for the root authority. The root authority must sign its own certificate because by definition there is no higher certifying authority in the certification hierarchy.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_certificate"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_certification_authority"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_root_authority"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_root_authority"><term originalTerm="root certification authority ">root certification authority </term><group target="groupR"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_root_authority"/><def><para>The most trusted certification authority (CA), which is at the top of a certification hierarchy. The root CA has a self-signed certificate. Also called the root authority.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_root"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_certification_authority"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_routing"><term originalTerm="routing ">routing </term><group target="groupR"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_routing"/><def><para>The process of forwarding a packet through an internetwork from a source host to a destination host.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="royalty_oem"><term originalTerm="royalty OEM ">royalty OEM </term><group target="groupR"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:royalty_oem"/><def><para>A computer original equipment manufacturer who has signed a license agreement directly with Microsoft Licensing, Inc. Royalty OEMs receive a "golden master" copy of Windows from Microsoft. The royalty OEM may customize Windows as described in the OPK, their license agreement, or a signed addendum.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="run_once"><term originalTerm="RunOnce application ">RunOnce application </term><group target="groupR"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:run_once"/><def><para>An application that is configured to run the next time the computer is restarted. The application does not run after any subsequent reboots of the system.</para></def></scopeDef></entry></glossSection><glossSection><glossLetter bookmark="groupS">S</glossLetter><entry entryID="sbsi"><term originalTerm="SBSI">SBSI</term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:sbsi"/><seeEntry seeTermID="step_by_step_interactive__sbsi_"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="glos_glo_ddgd"><term originalTerm="script ">script </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:glos_glo_ddgd"/><def><para>A type of program consisting of a set of instructions to an application or tool program. A script usually expresses instructions by using the application's or tool's rules and syntax, combined with simple control structures such as loops and if&#47;then expressions. "Batch program" is often used interchangeably with "script" in the Windows environment.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="glos_glo_ccjg"><term originalTerm="SCSI ">SCSI </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:glos_glo_ccjg"/><seeEntry seeTermID="gls_scsi"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="seal"><term originalTerm="seal">seal</term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:seal"/><seeEntry seeTermID="reseal"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_security_id"><term originalTerm="security ID (SID) ">security ID (SID) </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_security_id"/><def><para>A data structure of variable length that identifies user, group, and computer accounts. Every account on a network is issued a unique SID when the account is first created. Internal processes in Windows refer to an account's SID rather than the account's user or group name.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_group_account"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_user_account"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_user_name"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="serial__com__device"><term originalTerm="serial (COM) device ">serial (COM) device </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:serial__com__device"/><def><para>A string of up to 256 characters with five mandatory fields and ten optional fields, as defined in Section 3 of the Plug and Play External COM Device Specification, v. 1.0.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_server_only"><term originalTerm="server ">server </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_server_only"/><def><para>In general, a computer that provides shared resources to network users.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_client_only"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="server_cluster"><term originalTerm="server cluster ">server cluster </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:server_cluster"/><def><para>A group of independent computer systems, known as nodes, working together as a single system to ensure that mission-critical applications and resources remain available to clients. A server cluster is the type of cluster that Cluster service implements.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_cluster"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_node"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_service"><term originalTerm="service ">service </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_service"/><def><para>A program, routine, or process that performs a specific system function to support other programs, particularly at a low (close to the hardware) level. When services are provided over a network, they can be published in Active Directory, facilitating service-centric administration and usage. Some examples of services are the Security Accounts Manager service, File Replication service, and Routing and Remote Access service.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="service_mark"><term originalTerm="service mark ">service mark </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:service_mark"/><def><para>A mark used in the sale or advertising of services to identify and distinguish them from services provided by another company.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="service_pack"><term originalTerm="Service Pack ">Service Pack </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:service_pack"/><def><para>A software upgrade to an existing software distribution that contains updated files consisting of patches and hot fixes.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="setup_manager"><term originalTerm="Setup Manager ">Setup Manager </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:setup_manager"/><def><para>A utility for creating and modifying answer files and configuration sets.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="answer_file"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="configuration_set"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="setupapi_log"><term originalTerm="Setupapi.log ">Setupapi.log </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:setupapi_log"/><def><para>A log file provides valuable information for troubleshooting and debugging Setup, device installation, and related issues. The information stored in the log file includes errors, warnings, and related information from Windows Setup, including time information.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="setupcl_exe"><term originalTerm="Setupcl.exe ">Setupcl.exe </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:setupcl_exe"/><def><para>An executable program invoked by Sysprep.exe that recognizes security IDs (SIDs). It must reside in the same folder as Sysprep.exe.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_security_id"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="sysprep_exe"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="signature2"><term originalTerm="signature">signature</term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:signature2"/><seeEntry seeTermID="gls_digital_signature"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="signed_driver"><term originalTerm="signed driver ">signed driver </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:signed_driver"/><def><para>A driver that meets the criteria of the Windows Logo Program. For performance and stability, Microsoft strongly recommends that you use only signed drivers for new or updated drivers.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_smtp"><term originalTerm="Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) ">Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_smtp"/><def><para>A member of the TCP&#47;IP suite of protocols that governs the exchange of electronic mail between message transfer agents.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_protocol"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_trans_internet"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_simple_tcpip_services"><term originalTerm="Simple TCP/IP Services ">Simple TCP/IP Services </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_simple_tcpip_services"/><def><para>Four TCP&#47;IP services: Character Generator, Daytime Discard, Echo, and Quote of the Day.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_service"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_trans_internet"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_simple_volume"><term originalTerm="simple volume ">simple volume </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_simple_volume"/><def><para>A dynamic volume made up of disk space from a single dynamic disk. A simple volume can consist of a single region on a disk or multiple regions of the same disk that are linked together. If the simple volume is not a system volume or boot volume, you can extend it within the same disk or onto additional disks. If you extend a simple volume across multiple disks, it becomes a spanned volume. You can create simple volumes only on dynamic disks. Simple volumes are not fault tolerant, but you can mirror them to create mirrored volumes on computers running the Windows&nbsp;2000 Server or Windows&nbsp;Server family of operating systems.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_dynamic_disk"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_dynamic_volume"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_fault_tolerance"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_mirrored_volume"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_spanned_volume"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_single_sign_on"><term originalTerm="single sign-on ">single sign-on </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_single_sign_on"/><def><para>A process that allows a user with a domain account to log on to a network once, using a password or smart card, and to gain access to any computer in the domain.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_domain"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_smart_card"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="single_byte_character_set__sbcs_"><term originalTerm="single-byte character set ">single-byte character set </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:single_byte_character_set__sbcs_"/><def><para>A character encoding in which each character is represented by 1 byte. Single byte character sets are mathematically limited to 256 characters.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="skin"><term originalTerm="skin">skin</term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:skin"/><def><para>A customized user interface that overlays an existing user interface.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="sku"><term originalTerm="SKU ">SKU </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:sku"/><def><para>Shelf keeping unit. A particular product; in this case, a particular edition of Windows XP.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_scsi"><term originalTerm="small computer system interface (SCSI) ">small computer system interface (SCSI) </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_scsi"/><def><para>A standard high-speed parallel interface defined by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). A SCSI interface is used for connecting microcomputers to peripheral devices, such as hard disks and printers, and to other computers and local area networks (LANs).</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_device"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_local_area_network_lan"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_smart_card"><term originalTerm="smart card ">smart card </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_smart_card"/><def><para>A credit card&ndash;sized device that is used with an access code to enable certificate-based authentication and single sign-on to the enterprise. Smart cards securely store certificates, public and private keys, passwords, and other types of personal information. A smart card reader attached to the computer reads the smart card.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_authentication"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_single_sign_on"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_smart_card_reader"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_smart_card_reader"><term originalTerm="smart card reader ">smart card reader </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_smart_card_reader"/><def><para>A device that is installed in computers to enable the use of smart cards for enhanced security features.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_smart_card"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_snapin"><term originalTerm="snap-in ">snap-in </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_snapin"/><def><para>A type of tool you can add to a console supported by Microsoft Management Console (MMC). A stand-alone snap-in can be added by itself; an extension snap-in can only be added to extend the function of another snap-in.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_mmc"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="spacing_character"><term originalTerm="spacing character ">spacing character </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:spacing_character"/><def><para>A character with a non-zero width.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_spanned_volume"><term originalTerm="spanned volume ">spanned volume </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_spanned_volume"/><def><para>A dynamic volume consisting of disk space on more than one physical disk. You can increase the size of a spanned volume by extending it onto additional dynamic disks. You can create spanned volumes only on dynamic disks. Spanned volumes are not fault tolerant and cannot be mirrored.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_dynamic_disk"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_dynamic_volume"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_fault_tolerance"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_mirrored_volume"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_simple_volume"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="stage"><term originalTerm="stage ">stage </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:stage"/><def><para>Copy the directories and files to be installed to a destination computer, but do not configure any registry settings.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="attach"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="destination_computer"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="detach"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="standalone_server"><term originalTerm="standalone server ">standalone server </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:standalone_server"/><def><para>A computer that runs Windows&nbsp;2000&nbsp;Server but does not participate in a domain. A standalone server has only its own database of end users, and it processes logon requests by itself. It does not share account information with any other computer and cannot provide access to domain accounts.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_domain"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="user_locale"><term originalTerm="Standards and formats ">Standards and formats </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:user_locale"/><def><para>A Regional and Language Options setting that determines the formats used to display dates, times, currency, numbers, and the sorting order of text. Formerly known as user locale.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="step_by_step_interactive__sbsi_"><term originalTerm="Step-by-Step Interactive (SBSI)">Step-by-Step Interactive (SBSI)</term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:step_by_step_interactive__sbsi_"/><def><para>Interactive training published by Microsoft Press that is integrated into Windows XP Help and Support Center.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_striped_volume"><term originalTerm="striped volume ">striped volume </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_striped_volume"/><def><para>A dynamic volume that stores data in stripes on two or more physical disks. Data in a striped volume is allocated alternately and evenly (in stripes) across the disks. Striped volumes offer the best performance of all the volumes that are available in Windows, but they do not provide fault tolerance. If a disk in a striped volume fails, the data in the entire volume is lost. You can create striped volumes only on dynamic disks. Striped volumes cannot be mirrored or extended.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_dynamic_disk"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_dynamic_volume"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_fault_tolerance"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_mirrored_volume"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_subkey"><term originalTerm="subkey ">subkey </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_subkey"/><def><para>An element of the registry that contains entries or other subkeys. A tier of the registry that is immediately below a key or a subtree (if the subtree has no keys).</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_registry"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_registry_key"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_subtree"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_subtree"><term originalTerm="subtree ">subtree </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_subtree"/><def><para>Any node within a tree, along with any selection of connected descendant nodes. The highest level of the registry (for example, HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE).</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_node"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_registry"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_registry_key"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_subkey"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="svga"><term originalTerm="SVGA ">SVGA </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:svga"/><def><para>Super VGA. A video standard established by BESA to provide high-resolution color display on IBM-compatible computers.The most commonly implemented SVGA standard is 1024x768 pixels resolution.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="synchronous"><term originalTerm="synchronous ">synchronous </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:synchronous"/><def><para>Each application or command runs in the order listed, and each item must finish before the next command is run.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="glos_glo_hadi"><term originalTerm="Syspart ">Syspart </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:glos_glo_hadi"/><def><para>A process that executes through an optional parameter of Winnt32.exe. Used for clean installations to computers that have dissimilar hardware. This automated installation method reduces deployment time by eliminating the file-copy phase of Setup.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="glos_glo_hadh"><term originalTerm="Sysprep ">Sysprep </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:glos_glo_hadh"/><def><para>A tool that prepares the hard disk on a source computer for duplication to target computers and then runs a non-Microsoft disk-imaging process. This automated installation method is used when the hard disk on the master computer is identical to those of the target computers.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="first_run_experience"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_security_id"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="destination_computer"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="sysprep_exe"><term originalTerm="Sysprep.exe ">Sysprep.exe </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:sysprep_exe"/><def><para>The System Preparation utility that uses the Sysprep.inf answer file to prepare a system disk image for duplication.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="sysprep_inf"><term originalTerm="Sysprep.inf ">Sysprep.inf </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:sysprep_inf"/><def><para>An optional answer file used by Sysprep that automates Mini-Setup and further customizes the installed operating system.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="answer_file"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="system_board"><term originalTerm="system board ">system board </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:system_board"/><def><para>Also called a motherboard or planar. The primary circuit board in a PC that contains most of the basic components of the system.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="system_builder"><term originalTerm="system builder ">system builder </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:system_builder"/><def><para>Anyone who purchases an OEM Distribution Pack of Windows (available from distributors) and preinstalls Windows onto new computers. System Builders are subject to the terms of the Microsoft OEM System Builder Agreement attached to the outside of the OEM Distribution Pack.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="microsoft_oem_system_builder_agreement"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="system_context"><term originalTerm="system context">system context</term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:system_context"/><def><para>The state of Windows after it first starts when some system services are loaded but no user is logged in and per-user settings are not available. </para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="system_devices"><term originalTerm="system devices ">system devices </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:system_devices"/><def><para>Devices on a system board, such as interrupt controllers, keyboard controller, real-time clock, DMA page registers, DMA controllers, memory controllers, FDC, IDE ports, serial and parallel ports, PCI bridges, and so on. In today's PCs, these devices are typically integrated in the supporting chip set.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="system_drive"><term originalTerm="system drive ">system drive </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:system_drive"/><def><para>The drive letter of the mass-storage device (usually a hard disk) where Windows is installed.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="system_engineer"><term originalTerm="system engineer ">system engineer </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:system_engineer"/><def><para>A Microsoft employee who assists one or more specific royalty OEMs as they prepare to manufacture computers that will use the version of Microsoft Windows that is currently under development.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="system_file_protection"><term originalTerm="System File Protection">System File Protection</term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:system_file_protection"/><seeEntry seeTermID="windows_file_protection__wfp_"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="rk_system_locale"><term originalTerm="system locale ">system locale </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:rk_system_locale"/><seeEntry seeTermID="system_locale"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_system_partition"><term originalTerm="system partition ">system partition </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_system_partition"/><def><para>The partition that contains the hardware-specific files needed to load Windows (for example, Ntldr, Osloader, Boot.ini, Ntdetect.com). The system partition can be, but does not have to be, the same as the boot partition.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_boot_partition"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_partition"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="system_restore"><term originalTerm="System Restore ">System Restore </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:system_restore"/><def><para>A tool that tracks changes to your computer and creates a restore point when it detects the beginning of a change. You can use the System Restore Wizard to select a restore point to restore your computer to an earlier state when your computer was functioning the way you like.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="system_locked_preinstallation__slp_"><term originalTerm="system-locked preinstallation (SLP) ">system-locked preinstallation (SLP) </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:system_locked_preinstallation__slp_"/><def><para>Technology related to Windows Product Activation (WPA) that helps restrict legitimately licensed operating system software to use with the computer system upon which it was originally distributed by a royalty OEM, all in accordance with the license rights granted in the applicable End User License Agreement. Details regarding system-locked preinstallation are available to royalty OEMs in a separate white paper.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_systemroot"><term originalTerm="systemroot ">systemroot </term><group target="groupS"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_systemroot"/><def><para>The path and folder name where the Windows system files are located. Typically, this is C:\Windows, although you can designate a different drive or folder when you install Windows. You can use the value %systemroot% to replace the actual location of the folder that contains the Windows system files. To identify your systemroot folder, click Start, click Run, type %systemroot%, and then click OK.</para></def></scopeDef></entry></glossSection><glossSection><glossLetter bookmark="groupSymbols">Symbols</glossLetter><entry entryID="__rename_txt"><term originalTerm="$$Rename.txt ">$$Rename.txt </term><group target="groupSymbols"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:__rename_txt"/><def><para>A file that lists all files contained in a particular folder that need to be renamed from an 8.3 format name to a long file name during Setup. All file names must be in 8.3 format if you run Setup using Winnt.exe, or if you are copying a set of files from one computer to another using MS-DOS.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="_windir_"><term originalTerm="%windir% ">%windir% </term><group target="groupSymbols"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:_windir_"/><def><para>The default directory where Windows is installed, most commonly C:\winnt.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="glos_glo_gcja"><term originalTerm=".adm ">.adm </term><group target="groupSymbols"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:glos_glo_gcja"/><def><para>The file name extension for Administrative Templates files.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="_cab_file"><term originalTerm=".cab file ">.cab file </term><group target="groupSymbols"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:_cab_file"/><def><para>Cabinet file. A single cabinet file that stores multiple compressed files. These files are commonly used in software installation and to reduce the file size and the associated download time for Web content.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="_dll_files"><term originalTerm=".dll file ">.dll file </term><group target="groupSymbols"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:_dll_files"/><seeEntry seeTermID="gls_dynamiclink_library_dll"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="_inf_files"><term originalTerm=".inf file ">.inf file </term><group target="groupSymbols"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:_inf_files"/><def><para>Information file. A file created for a particular adapter that provides the operating system with information required to set up a device, such as a list of valid logical configurations for the device, the names of driver files associated with the device, and so on. An .inf file is provided typically on a disk by the device manufacturer or may be included in the operating system.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="_ini_file"><term originalTerm=".ini file ">.ini file </term><group target="groupSymbols"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:_ini_file"/><def><para>Initialization file. Commonly used under Windows 3.x and earlier, .ini files have been used by both the operating system and individual applications to store persistent settings related to an application, driver, or piece of hardware. In Windows 32-bit operating systems, .ini files are supported for backward compatibility, but the registry is the preferred location for storing such settings.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="_ins_file_"><term originalTerm=".ins file ">.ins file </term><group target="groupSymbols"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:_ins_file_"/><def><para>Internet settings file. A file that provides Windows Update Setup with Internet settings that configure the browser and associated components. You can create multiple versions of your browser package by changing the .ins file used by each package. Use the Profile Manager to create, save, and load .ins files.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="onehundredbaset_def"><term originalTerm="100baseT ">100baseT </term><group target="groupSymbols"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:onehundredbaset_def"/><def><para>The Ethernet standard for local area networks using twisted-pair cable carrying data at 100 megabits per second (Mbps).</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="_8_3"><term originalTerm="8.3 ">8.3 </term><group target="groupSymbols"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:_8_3"/><def><para>The standard format for file names in MS-DOS and Windows 3.1. A file name with eight or fewer characters, followed by a period (dot), followed by a three-character file name extension.</para></def></scopeDef></entry></glossSection><glossSection><glossLetter bookmark="groupT">T</glossLetter><entry entryID="tam"><term originalTerm="TAM ">TAM </term><group target="groupT"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:tam"/><seeEntry seeTermID="technical_account_manager__tam_"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="tapi"><term originalTerm="TAPI ">TAPI </term><group target="groupT"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:tapi"/><seeEntry seeTermID="gls_tapi"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="target_computer"><term originalTerm="target computer">target computer</term><group target="groupT"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:target_computer"/><seeEntry seeTermID="destination_computer"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="taxonomy"><term originalTerm="taxonomy">taxonomy</term><group target="groupT"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:taxonomy"/><def><para>In the Windows XP Help and Support Center, the classification system that organizes Help topics into specific categories. </para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="tcpip_def"><term originalTerm="TCP/IP ">TCP/IP </term><group target="groupT"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:tcpip_def"/><seeEntry seeTermID="gls_trans_internet"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="technical_account_manager__tam_"><term originalTerm="technical account manager (TAM) ">technical account manager (TAM) </term><group target="groupT"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:technical_account_manager__tam_"/><def><para>A Microsoft employee who provides technical assistance to one or more specific royalty OEMs as they manufacture computers installed with a released version of Microsoft Windows. </para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="technician_computer"><term originalTerm="technician computer ">technician computer </term><group target="groupT"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:technician_computer"/><def><para>The computer that you install Setup Manager on. Normally, the configuration sets and the distribution share are also located on this computer.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="configuration_set"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="distribution_share"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="setup_manager"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="telephony"><term originalTerm="telephony">telephony</term><group target="groupT"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:telephony"/><def><para>Telephone technology; voice, fax, or modem transmissions based on either the conversion of sound into electrical signals or wireless communication by means of radio waves.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_tapi"><term originalTerm="Telephony API (TAPI) ">Telephony API (TAPI) </term><group target="groupT"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_tapi"/><def><para>An application programming interface (API) used by communications programs to work with telephony and network services. Communications programs like HyperTerminal and Phone Dialer use TAPI to dial, answer, and route telephone calls on conventional telephony devices, including PBXs, modems, and fax machines. TAPI 3.0 also provides Internet Protocol (IP) telephony support, which Phone Dialer and other programs use to transmit, route, and control real-time audio and video signals over IP-based networks such as the Internet.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="dcgls_api"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_internet_protocol"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_modem_gloss"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_service"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="text_mode_setup"><term originalTerm="text-mode Setup ">text-mode Setup </term><group target="groupT"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:text_mode_setup"/><def><para>The second of the three stages of Setup, where the basic hardware of the computer (CPU, motherboard, hard disk controllers, file systems, and memory) is determined, the base operating system necessary to continue is installed, and specified folders are created.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="third_party_drivers"><term originalTerm="third-party drivers ">third-party drivers </term><group target="groupT"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:third_party_drivers"/><def><para>Device drivers that are not included in Driver.cab.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="driver_cab"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_time_stamping"><term originalTerm="time stamp ">time stamp </term><group target="groupT"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_time_stamping"/><def><para>A certification by a trusted third party specifying that a particular message existed at a specific time and date. In a digital context, trusted third parties generate a trusted time stamp for a particular message by having a time stamping service append a time value to a message and then digitally signing the result.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_digital_signature"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_service"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_topology"><term originalTerm="topology ">topology </term><group target="groupT"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_topology"/><def><para>In Windows, the relationships among a set of network components. In the context of Active Directory replication, topology refers to the set of connections that domain controllers use to replicate information among themselves.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_activedirectory"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_domain_controller"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="trail_byte"><term originalTerm="trail byte ">trail byte </term><group target="groupT"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:trail_byte"/><def><para>The byte value that is the second half of a double-byte character.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_trans_internet"><term originalTerm="Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) ">Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) </term><group target="groupT"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_trans_internet"/><def><para>A set of networking protocols widely used on the Internet that provides communications across interconnected networks of computers with diverse hardware architectures and various operating systems. TCP&#47;IP includes standards for how computers communicate and conventions for connecting networks and routing traffic.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_internet_protocol"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_protocol"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="txtsetup_oem"><term originalTerm="Txtsetup.oem ">Txtsetup.oem </term><group target="groupT"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:txtsetup_oem"/><def><para>A text file identifying supported hardware components, the files to copy from the distribution disk for the hardware component, and listing the registry keys and values to create for the hardware component. This is used only during text-mode Setup.</para></def></scopeDef></entry></glossSection><glossSection><glossLetter bookmark="groupU">U</glossLetter><entry entryID="gls_utf8"><term originalTerm="UCS Transformation Format 8 (UTF-8) ">UCS Transformation Format 8 (UTF-8) </term><group target="groupU"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_utf8"/><def><para>A character set for protocols evolving beyond the use of ASCII. The UTF-8 protocol provides for support of extended ASCII characters and translation of UCS-2, an international 16-bit Unicode character set. UTF-8 enables a far greater range of names than can be achieved using ASCII or extended ASCII encoding for character data.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_ascii"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_unicode"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_unallocated_space"><term originalTerm="unallocated space ">unallocated space </term><group target="groupU"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_unallocated_space"/><def><para>Available disk space that is not allocated to any volume. The type of volume that you can create on unallocated space depends on the disk type. On basic disks, you can use unallocated space to create primary or extended partitions. On dynamic disks, you can use unallocated space to create dynamic volumes.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_basic_disk"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_dynamic_disk"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_extended_partition"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_logical_drive"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_object"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_partition"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_primary_partition"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="unattach"><term originalTerm="unattach">unattach</term><group target="groupU"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:unattach"/><seeEntry seeTermID="detach"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="unattend_txt"><term originalTerm="Unattend.txt ">Unattend.txt </term><group target="groupU"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:unattend_txt"/><def><para>The generic name for the Windows Setup answer file. In the CD boot preinstallation method, Unattend.txt must be named Winnt.sif.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="answer_file"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="cd_boot"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="windows_setup"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="winnt_exe"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="unattended_setup"><term originalTerm="unattended Setup ">unattended Setup </term><group target="groupU"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:unattended_setup"/><def><para>An automated, hands-free method of installing Windows. During installation, unattended Setup uses an answer file to supply data to Setup instead of requiring that an administrator or end user interactively provide the answers.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="unc"><term originalTerm="UNC ">UNC </term><group target="groupU"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:unc"/><seeEntry seeTermID="glos_glo_dejd"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="uni_processor"><term originalTerm="uni-processor ">uni-processor </term><group target="groupU"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:uni_processor"/><def><para>A computer with a single processor.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="multiprocessor"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_unicode"><term originalTerm="Unicode ">Unicode </term><group target="groupU"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_unicode"/><def><para>A character encoding standard developed by the Unicode Consortium that represents almost all of the written languages of the world. The Unicode character repertoire has multiple representation forms, including UTF-8, UTF-16, and UTF-32. Most Windows interfaces use the UTF-16 form.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_ascii"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_utf8"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="glos_glo_dejd"><term originalTerm="Universal Naming Convention (UNC) ">Universal Naming Convention (UNC) </term><group target="groupU"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:glos_glo_dejd"/><def><para>A convention for naming files and other resources beginning with two backslashes (\), indicating that the resource exists on a network computer. UNC names conform to the \\servername\sharename syntax, where servername is the server's name and sharename is the name of the shared resource. The UNC name of a directory or file can also include the directory path after the share name, by using the following syntax: \\servername\sharename\directory\filename.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_universal_serial_bus"><term originalTerm="universal serial bus (USB) ">universal serial bus (USB) </term><group target="groupU"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_universal_serial_bus"/><def><para>An external bus that supports Plug and Play installation. Using USB, you can connect and disconnect devices without shutting down or restarting your computer. You can use a single USB port to connect up to 127 peripheral devices, including speakers, telephones, CD-ROM drives, joysticks, tape drives, keyboards, scanners, and cameras. A USB port is usually located on the back of your computer near the serial port or parallel port.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_bus"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_plug_and_play"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_port"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="glos_glo_cccc"><term originalTerm="USB ">USB </term><group target="groupU"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:glos_glo_cccc"/><seeEntry seeTermID="gls_universal_serial_bus"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_user_account"><term originalTerm="user account ">user account </term><group target="groupU"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_user_account"/><def><para>In Active Directory, an object that consists of all the information that defines a domain user, which includes user name, password, and groups in which the user account has membership. User accounts can be stored in either Active Directory or on your local computer. For computers running Windows&nbsp;XP Professional and member servers running Windows&nbsp;, use Local Users and Groups to manage local user accounts. For domain controllers running Windows&nbsp;, use Active Directory Users and Computers to manage domain user accounts.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_activedirectory"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_object"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_password"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_user_name"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="user_interface_language"><term originalTerm="user interface language ">user interface language </term><group target="groupU"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:user_interface_language"/><def><para>The language in which the operating system displays its menus, help files, and dialog boxes.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="rk_user_locale"><term originalTerm="user locale ">user locale </term><group target="groupU"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:rk_user_locale"/><seeEntry seeTermID="user_locale"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="glos_glo_cdic"><term originalTerm="user mode ">user mode </term><group target="groupU"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:glos_glo_cdic"/><def><para>The processing mode in which applications run.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_user_name"><term originalTerm="user name ">user name </term><group target="groupU"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_user_name"/><def><para>A unique name identifying a user account to Windows. An account's user name must be unique among the other group names and user names within its own domain or workgroup.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_domain"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_user_account"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_workgroup"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_user_password"><term originalTerm="user password ">user password </term><group target="groupU"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_user_password"/><def><para>The password stored in each user's account. Each user generally has a unique user password and must type that password when logging on or accessing a server.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_password"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_user_account"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_upn"><term originalTerm="user principal name (UPN) ">user principal name (UPN) </term><group target="groupU"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_upn"/><def><para>A user account name (sometimes referred to as the user logon name) and a domain name identifying the domain in which the user account is located. This is the standard usage for logging on to a Windows domain. The format is as follows: someone@fabrikam.com (as for an e-mail address).</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_user_account"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_domain"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_domain_name"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_user_rights"><term originalTerm="user rights ">user rights </term><group target="groupU"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_user_rights"/><def><para>Tasks that a user is permitted to perform on a computer system or domain. There are two types of user rights: privileges and logon rights. An example of a privilege is the right to shut down the system. An example of a logon right is the right to log on to a computer locally. Both types are assigned by administrators to individual users or groups as part of the security settings for the computer.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_domain"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="utf_81"><term originalTerm="UTF-8 ">UTF-8 </term><group target="groupU"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:utf_81"/><seeEntry seeTermID="gls_utf8"/></scopeDef></entry></glossSection><glossSection><glossLetter bookmark="groupV">V</glossLetter><entry entryID="value_added_reseller"><term originalTerm="value added reseller (VAR) ">value added reseller (VAR) </term><group target="groupV"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:value_added_reseller"/><def><para>A company that resells hardware and software packages to developers and&#47;or end users.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="var"><term originalTerm="VAR ">VAR </term><group target="groupV"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:var"/><seeEntry seeTermID="value_added_reseller"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="vga"><term originalTerm="VGA ">VGA </term><group target="groupV"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:vga"/><def><para>Video graphics array. A video adapter that supports 640 x 480 pixels color resolution. VGA is the video display standard for boot devices under Windows operating systems and provides medium-resolution text and graphics.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="volume_mount_point"><term originalTerm="volume mount point">volume mount point</term><group target="groupV"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:volume_mount_point"/><def><para>A point of access to a volume that users and applications can use to unify disparate file systems into one logical system.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_volume_set"><term originalTerm="volume set ">volume set </term><group target="groupV"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_volume_set"/><def><para>A volume that consists of disk space on one or more physical disks. A volume set is created by using basic disks and is only supported in Windows&nbsp;NT&nbsp;4.0 or earlier. Volume sets were replaced by spanned volumes, which use dynamic disks.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_basic_disk"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_dynamic_disk"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_partition"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_spanned_volume"/></scopeDef></entry></glossSection><glossSection><glossLetter bookmark="groupW">W</glossLetter><entry entryID="wdl"><term originalTerm="WDL ">WDL </term><group target="groupW"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:wdl"/><seeEntry seeTermID="windows_driver_library__wdl_"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_web_serv"><term originalTerm="Web server ">Web server </term><group target="groupW"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_web_serv"/><def><para>A computer that is maintained by a system administrator or Internet service provider (ISP) and that responds to requests from a user's browser.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_internet_service_provider"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="whql"><term originalTerm="WHQL ">WHQL </term><group target="groupW"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:whql"/><seeEntry seeTermID="windows_hardware_quality_labs"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_wide_area_network"><term originalTerm="wide area network (WAN) ">wide area network (WAN) </term><group target="groupW"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_wide_area_network"/><def><para>A communications network connecting geographically separated computers, printers, and other devices. A WAN allows any connected device to interact with any other on the network.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_device"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_local_area_network_lan"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="windows_driver_library__wdl_"><term originalTerm="Windows Driver Library (WDL) ">Windows Driver Library (WDL) </term><group target="groupW"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:windows_driver_library__wdl_"/><def><para>A distribution point on www.microsoft.com for third-party drivers that meet the Windows Logo requirements.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="windows_file_protection__wfp_"><term originalTerm="Windows File Protection (WFP) ">Windows File Protection (WFP) </term><group target="groupW"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:windows_file_protection__wfp_"/><def><para>A feature that runs in the background and protects your system files from being overwritten. When a file in a protected folder is modified, WFP determines whether the new file is the correct Microsoft version or whether the file is digitally signed. If not, the modified file is replaced with a valid version.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="windows_hardware_quality_labs"><term originalTerm="Windows Hardware Quality Labs (WHQL) ">Windows Hardware Quality Labs (WHQL) </term><group target="groupW"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:windows_hardware_quality_labs"/><def><para>Provides compatibility testing services to test hardware and drivers for Windows operating systems.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="windows_installer"><term originalTerm="Windows Installer ">Windows Installer </term><group target="groupW"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:windows_installer"/><def><para>An operating system service that allows the operating system to manage the installation process. Windows Installer technologies are divided into two parts that work in combination: a clientside installer service (Msiexec.exe) and a package (.msi) file. Windows Installer uses the information contained within a package file to install the application.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_wins"><term originalTerm="Windows Internet Name Service (WINS) ">Windows Internet Name Service (WINS) </term><group target="groupW"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_wins"/><def><para>A software service that dynamically maps IP addresses to computer names (NetBIOS names). This allows users to access resources by name instead of requiring them to use IP addresses that are difficult to recognize and remember.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_network_system"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_resource"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_service"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="ip_address_def"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="windows_logo_program"><term originalTerm="Windows Logo Program ">Windows Logo Program </term><group target="groupW"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:windows_logo_program"/><def><para>A certification program to help customers identify systems, hardware, and software that meet a baseline definition of platform features and quality goals and ensure a good user experience of Windows.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_wmi"><term originalTerm="Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) ">Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) </term><group target="groupW"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_wmi"/><def><para>A management infrastructure in Windows that supports monitoring and controlling system resources through a common set of interfaces and provides a logically organized, consistent model of Windows operation, configuration, and status.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_resource"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="windows_preinstallation_environment__winpe_"><term originalTerm="Windows Preinstallation Environment (WinPE) ">Windows Preinstallation Environment (WinPE) </term><group target="groupW"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:windows_preinstallation_environment__winpe_"/><def><para>A minimal Win32 operating system with limited services, built on the Windows XP Professional kernel. WinPE is used only in the preinstallation and deployment of Windows.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="windows_product_activation"><term originalTerm="Windows Product Activation (WPA) ">Windows Product Activation (WPA) </term><group target="groupW"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:windows_product_activation"/><def><para>A technology that reduces software piracy by requiring that each installation of a Windows product be activated with Microsoft, either through the Internet or by telephone. A unique product key is required for each installation of Windows, but Microsoft does not request or collect any information other than the Product Key during the installation. The end user may reinstall Windows using the same Product Key on the same computer as many times as necessary, but it cannot be used to install Windows on another computer. The end user can make incremental hardware upgrades to the computer. However, if the hardware is significantly altered, the end user will be required to reactivate the installation of Windows.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="windows_setup"><term originalTerm="Windows Setup ">Windows Setup </term><group target="groupW"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:windows_setup"/><def><para>The program that installs the Windows operating system.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="windows_welcome"><term originalTerm="Windows Welcome ">Windows Welcome </term><group target="groupW"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:windows_welcome"/><def><para>The end user's first experience of Microsoft Windows in Windows XP Home Edition and Windows XP Professional. Through a series of full-screen, HTML-based pages, Windows Welcome quickly and easily takes end users through the final steps of setting up their personal computer. End users are then prompted for any additional information that is needed to personalize their settings, which can include regional settings, network configuration (where applicable), and Internet connection settings. Windows Welcome is formerly known as Out-Of-Box Experience (OOBE).</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="winnt_exe"><term originalTerm="Winnt.exe ">Winnt.exe </term><group target="groupW"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:winnt_exe"/><def><para>A command line utility used to start an unattended Windows XP Setup from computers running MS-DOS, Windows 3.1, or Windows for Workgroups.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="winnt_sif"><term originalTerm="Winnt.sif ">Winnt.sif </term><group target="groupW"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:winnt_sif"/><def><para>The answer file that contains information used by Setup when you install Windows using the CD boot method.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="answer_file"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="cd_boot"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="winnt32_exe"><term originalTerm="Winnt32.exe ">Winnt32.exe </term><group target="groupW"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:winnt32_exe"/><def><para>A command-line utility used to start an unattended Windows&nbsp;XP&nbsp;Setup from computers running Windows&nbsp;95, Windows&nbsp;98, Windows&nbsp;NT, Windows&nbsp;2000, or Windows&nbsp;XP.</para></def></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="winpe"><term originalTerm="WinPE ">WinPE </term><group target="groupW"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:winpe"/><seeEntry seeTermID="windows_preinstallation_environment__winpe_"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="glos_glo_debj"><term originalTerm="WINS ">WINS </term><group target="groupW"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:glos_glo_debj"/><seeEntry seeTermID="gls_wins"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_winsock"><term originalTerm="Winsock ">Winsock </term><group target="groupW"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_winsock"/><def><para>Windows Sockets. An application programming interface (API) standard for software that provides a TCP&#47;IP interface under Windows.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_trans_internet"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="dcgls_api"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="wmi"><term originalTerm="WMI ">WMI </term><group target="groupW"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:wmi"/><seeEntry seeTermID="gls_wmi"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="gls_workgroup"><term originalTerm="workgroup ">workgroup </term><group target="groupW"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:gls_workgroup"/><def><para>A simple grouping of computers, intended only to help users find such things as printers and shared folders within that group. Workgroups in Windows do not offer the centralized user accounts and authentication offered by domains.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_authentication"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_domain"/><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_user_account"/></scopeDef></entry><entry entryID="worldwideweb_def"><term originalTerm="World Wide Web ">World Wide Web </term><group target="groupW"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:worldwideweb_def"/><def><para>A system for exploring the Internet by using hyperlinks. When you use a Web browser, the Web appears as a collection of text, pictures, sounds, and digital movies.</para></def><seeAlso seeAlsoTermID="gls_internet"/></scopeDef></entry></glossSection><glossSection><glossLetter bookmark="groupX">X</glossLetter><entry entryID="x86"><term originalTerm="x86 ">x86 </term><group target="groupX"/><rubytext>defaultrubytext</rubytext><scopeDef><scope status="approved" scopeTermID="OPK:x86"/><def><para>Refers to microprocessors that have or emulate the 32-bit Intel processor architecture.</para></def></scopeDef></entry></glossSection><glossSection><glossLetter bookmark="groupY">Y</glossLetter><empty/></glossSection><glossSection><glossLetter bookmark="groupZ">Z</glossLetter><empty/></glossSection></glossary>