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- FOR RELEASE: October 18, 1995
- PHOTO NO.: STScI-PRC95-43
-
-
- HUBBLE DISCOVERS NEW CLASS OF GRAVITATIONAL LENS
- FOR PROBING STRUCTURE OF THE COSMOS
-
- These two objects represent a new distant class of quadruple, or
- cross-shaped, gravitational lenses which might eventually provide
- astronomers with a powerful new "magnifying glass" for probing a
- variety of characteristics of the universe.
-
- The two gravitational lenses were discovered in about 100 fields of sky
- imaged by Hubble Space Telescope's Wide Field Planetary Camera 2. The
- first cross-shaped lens was discovered serendipitously by Eric
- Ostrander while processing HST images for the Medium Deep Survey, a
- Hubble key project led by Richard Griffiths. A second fainter and
- smaller lens was identified a few weeks later by Myungshin Im. Each
- configuration is in the form of four faint blue images situated
- symmetrically around a much brighter red elliptical galaxy. The
- distinctive cross-like pattern around an elliptical galaxy makes them
- unambiguous quadruple lens candidates, even before spectroscopic
- observations, which are typically used to confirm lenses.
-
- Hubble's high resolution allows astronomers to extend the search to
- much fainter, and hence much farther lenses, than those few examples
- ground-based telescopes have uncovered relatively nearby. Hubble can
- explore a larger volume of space which could provide enough examples of
- this rare cross type of lensing to allow astronomers to address a
- variety of fundamental cosmological questions.
-
- A gravitational lens is produced by the enormous gravitational field of
- a massive object which bends light to magnify, brighten and distort the
- image of a more distant object. Depending on the alignment between the
- objects and the mass distribution of the foreground lens, the more
- distant object can be smeared into arcs or split into pairs, triples,
- or even quadruple images.
-
- Credit: Kavan Ratnatunga (Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD)
-