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- COLOR PRINT OF NGC 4881 AND PART OF THE SURROUNDING FIELD
-
- This photo mosaic, which shows a field of distant galaxies, is a
- computer enhanced reproduction of a picture taken 4 March 1994
- with the repaired Hubble Space Telescope. It combines 16 exposures of
- 15 minutes each, taken through two filters (F555W and F814W) with the
- Wide Field Planetary Camera 2. The HST WFPC2 field is chevron-shaped,
- because it is a mosaic of images recorded with three Wide Field cameras
- and one higher resolution camera (Planetary Camera) in the upper left.
-
- The brightest object in this picture is NGC 4881, approximately
- centered here in the Planetary Camera (the small quadrant). It is a
- 13th-magnitude elliptical galaxy in the outskirts of the Coma Cluster,
- a great cluster of galaxies more than 5 times farther away than the
- Virgo Cluster. The radical velocity (redshift) of NGC 4881, based on
- the Doppler displacement of lines in its spectrum, is about 7000
- km/sec. Except for a 16th-magnitude Coma spiral at the right and a few
- foreground stars of the Milky Way, nearly everything else in this field
- lies far beyond the Coma Cluster. There is a fascinating assortment of
- background galaxies, including an apparent galaxian merger in
- progress.
-
- Purpose: This HST-WFPC2 observation was made to explore the use the
- globular star clusters surrounding NGC 4881 as distance indicators for
- inferring the distance to the Coma Cluster. They are barely visible
- point sources in this reproduction. The distance to the Coma Cluster
- is an important cosmic yardstick for scaling the over all size of the
- universe, because Coma (unlike Virgo) is far enough away that regional
- departures from a smooth expansion of the universe should not be a
- major source of uncertainty if Coma is used for estimating the age and
- rate of expansion (the Hubble Constant).
-
- The brightness distribution of globular clusters has been studied in a
- number of nearer galaxies. They are most numerous between -7 and -8
- absolute magnitude. In the Milky Way they peak at -7.6 absolute
- magnitude. We must find that peak ("turnover") in NGC 4881 in order to
- judge the distance. Within statistical uncertainties, the number of
- globulars per magnitude in NGC 4881 increases down to our present
- threshold of 27.6 magnitude. We do not yet see evidence of the
- turnover in NGC 4881, which suggests that the Coma Cluster may be more
- than 100 megaparsecs away and that the Hubble Constant may therefore be
- less than 70 km/sec per megaparsec. The adding together of more
- exposures will evidently be needed to reach a fainter threshold and
- find the turnover. Though not yet definitive in itself, this
- exploratory observation of NGC 4881 shows that it is within the reach
- of HST to obtain a definitive globular-cluster distance to the Coma
- Cluster and an associated value of the Hubble Constant.
-
- Contact: William A. Baum
- Astronomy Department
- University of Washington
- Seattle, WA 98195
- Phone 206-527-4306
- Internet: baum@astro.washington.edu
-
- Credits:
- Hubble Space Telescope WFPC Team
- Code 170-25, Caltech
- Pasadena, CA 91125
-
- and
-
- NASA, Washington, DC
-
- Space Telescope Science Institute
- 3700 San Martin Drive
- Baltimore, MD 21218
-
- ST ScI OPO PF95-07
-