home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- PHOTO RELEASE NO.: STScI-PRC95-17B
- EMBARGOED UNTIL: 2:00 P.M. EST March 21, 1995
-
-
- SPRINGTIME ON MARS: HUBBLE'S BEST VIEW OF THE RED PLANET
-
- This NASA Hubble Space Telescope view of the planet Mars is the
- clearest picture ever taken from Earth, surpassed only by close-up
- shots sent back by visiting space probes. The picture was taken on
- February 25, 1995, when Mars was at a distance of approximately 65
- million miles (103 million km) from Earth.
-
- Because it is spring in Mars' northern hemisphere, much of the carbon
- dioxide frost around the permanent water-ice cap has sublimated, and
- the cap has receded to its core of solid water-ice several hundred
- miles across. The abundance of wispy white clouds indicates that the
- atmosphere is cooler than seen by visiting space probes in the 1970s.
- Morning clouds appear along the planet's western (left) limb. These
- form overnight when Martian temperatures plunge and water in the
- atmosphere freezes out to form ice-crystal clouds.
-
- Towering 16 miles (25 km) above the surrounding plains, volcano
- Ascraeus Mons pokes above the cloud deck near the western or limb.
- This extinct volcano, measuring 250 miles (402 km) across, was
- discovered in the early 1970s by Mariner 9 spacecraft. Other key
- geologic features include (lower left) the Valles Marineris, an immense
- rift valley the length of the continental United States. Near the
- center of the disk lies the Chryse basin made up of cratered and
- chaotic terrain. The oval-looking Argyre impact basin (bottom),
- appears white due to clouds or frost.
-
- Seasonal winds carry dust to form striking linear features reminiscent
- of the legendary martian "canals." Many of these "wind streaks"
- emanate from the bowl of these craters where dark coarse sand is swept
- out by winds. Hubble resolves several dozen impact craters down to
- 30-mile diameter. The dark areas, once misinterpreted as regions of
- vegetation by several early Mars watchers, are really areas of coarse
- sand that is less reflective than the finer, orange dust. Seasonal
- changes in the surface appearance occur as winds move the dust and sand
- around.
-
- This picture was taken with Hubble's Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 in
- PC mode. Exposures were taken through three different color filters to
- create this true color image. The pictures were map-projected onto a
- sphere for accurate registration and perspective.
-
- Credit: Philip James (University of Toledo),
- Steven Lee (University of Colorado),
- NASA
-