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- FOR RELEASE: October 10, 1995
-
- PHOTO RELEASE NO.: STScI-PRC95-41
-
-
- HUBBLE SEES MATERIAL EJECTED FROM COMET HALE-BOPP
-
-
- These NASA Hubble Space Telescope pictures of comet Hale-Bopp show a
- remarkable "pinwheel" pattern and a blob of free-flying debris near the
- nucleus. The bright clump of light along the spiral (above the
- nucleus, which is near the center of the frame) may be a piece of the
- comet's icy crust that was ejected into space by a combination of ice
- evaporation and the comet's rotation, and which then disintegrated into
- a bright cloud of particles.
-
- Although the "blob" is about 3.5 times fainter than the brightest
- portion at the nucleus, the lump appears brighter because it covers a
- larger area. The debris follows a spiral pattern outward because the
- solid nucleus is rotating like a lawn sprinkler, completing a single
- rotation about once per week.
-
- Ground-based observations conducted over the past two months have
- documented at least two separate episodes of jet and pinwheel formation
- and fading. By coincidence, the first Hubble images of Hale-Bopp,
- taken on September 26, 1995, immediately followed one of these
- outbursts and allow researchers to examine it at unprecedented detail.
- For the first time they see a clear separation between the nucleus and
- some of the debris being shed. By putting together information from
- the Hubble images and those taken during the recent outburst using the
- 82 cm telescope of the Teide Observatory (Tenerife, Canary Islands,
- Spain), astronomers find that the debris is moving away from the
- nucleus at a speed (projected on the sky) of about 68 miles per hour
- (109 kilometers per hour).
-
- The Hubble observations will be used to determine if Hale-Bopp is
- really a giant comet or rather a more moderate-sized object whose
- current activity is driven by outgassing from a very volatile ice which
- will "burn out" over the next year. Comet Hale-Bopp was discovered on
- July 23, 1995 by amateur astronomers Alan Hale and Thomas Bopp. Though
- this comet is still well outside the orbit of Jupiter (almost 600
- million miles, or one billion kilometers from Earth) it looks
- surprisingly bright, fueling predictions that it could become the
- brightest comet of the century in early 1997.
-
- The full-field picture on the left, taken with the Wide Field Planetary
- Camera 2 (in WF mode), shows the comet against a stellar backdrop in
- the constellation Sagittarius. The stars are streaked due to a
- combination of Hubble's orbital motion and its tracking of the nucleus,
- which is now falling toward the Sun at 33,800 miles per hour (54,000
- km/hr). In the close-up picture on the right, the stars have been
- subtracted through image processing. Each picture element is nearly
- 300 miles (480 km) across at the comet's distance. In this false color
- scale the faintest regions are black, the brightest regions are white,
- and intermediate intensities are represented by different levels of
- red.
-
- Even more detailed Hubble images will be taken with the Planetary
- Camera in late October to follow the further evolution of the spiral,
- look for more outbursts, place limits on the size of the nucleus, and
- use spectroscopy to study the enigmatic comet's chemical composition.
-
- Credit: H.A. Weaver (Applied Research Corp.), P.D. Feldman (The Johns
- Hopkins University), and NASA
-
- Image files in GIF and JPEG format may be accessed on Internet via
- anonymous ftp from ftp.stsci.edu in /pubinfo. The same images are
- available via World Wide Web from URL
- http://www.stsci.edu/pubinfo/Latest.html, or via links in
- http://www.stsci.edu/pubinfo/Pictures.html
-
- GIF JPEG
- PRC95-41 Comet Hale-Bopp gif/HaleBopp.gif jpeg/HaleBopp.jpg
-