Source Code 1994 March

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Path: uunet!zephyr.ens.tek.com!master!saab!billr From: billr@saab.CNA.TEK.COM (Bill Randle) Newsgroups: comp.sources.games Subject: v14i080: okbridge2 - computer-mediated bridge game, Part02/14 Message-ID: <3519@master.CNA.TEK.COM> Date: 7 Sep 92 21:41:07 GMT Sender: news@master.CNA.TEK.COM Lines: 1311 Approved: billr@saab.CNA.TEK.COM Submitted-by: mclegg@cs.UCSD.EDU (Matthew Clegg) Posting-number: Volume 14, Issue 80 Archive-name: okbridge2/Part02 Supersedes: okbridge: Volume 13, Issue 16-22 Environment: BSD-derived Unix, NeXT, curses, sockets #! /bin/sh # This is a shell archive. Remove anything before this line, then unpack # it by saving it into a file and typing "sh file". To overwrite existing # files, type "sh file -c". You can also feed this as standard input via # unshar, or by typing "sh <file", e.g.. If this archive is complete, you # will see the following message at the end: # "End of archive 2 (of 14)." # Contents: README MANIFEST help.h okbridge.man # Wrapped by billr@saab on Mon Sep 7 14:33:35 1992 PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/ucb ; export PATH if test -f 'README' -a "${1}" != "-c" ; then echo shar: Will not clobber existing file \"'README'\" else echo shar: Extracting \"'README'\" $3922 characters$ sed "s/^X//" >'README' <<'END_OF_FILE' X Xintro -- introduction to the okbridge program XMatthew Clegg. August 1990. X X XGeneral Description X------- ----------- X XThe okbridge program is an interactive computer-mediated bridge game. XIt allows four players at (not necessarily) different locations on the Xinternet to participate in a game of rubber or Chicago (duplicate) Xbridge. The program handles the dealing, scoring and communication of Xbids and plays. It is screen oriented, although the screen display is Xrather simplistic. X X XCopyright Notice X--------- ------ X XCopyright (C) 1990-1992 by Matthew Clegg. All Rights Reserved X XOKbridge is made available as a free service to the Internet. XAccordingly, the following restrictions are placed on its use: X X1. OKbridge may not be modified in any way without the explicit X permission of Matthew Clegg. X X2. OKbridge may not be used in any way for commercial advantage. X It may not be placed on for-profit networks or on for-profit X computer systems. It may not be bundled as part of a package X or service provided by a for-profit organization. X XIf you have questions about restrictions on the use of OKbridge, Xwrite to mclegg@cs.ucsd.edu. X XDISCLAIMER: The user of OKbridge accepts full responsibility for any Xdamage which may be caused by OKbridge. X X X X XSystem Requirements X------ ------------ X XThe program has been compiled and tested on a few SUN and VAX systems Xrunning derivatives of BSD UNIX. The okbridge program uses the X"curses" library, which is available at most sites. It also requires Xthat the machine on which it is running be an internet site. If you Xobtained this software through the use of the 'ftp' program, then your Xmachine is probably an internet site. The source code is written in Xthe C programming language. X X XHistory X------- X XMy interest in bridge began as an undergraduate at the University of XCalifornia, Riverside, where I learned the game. After some time, I Xended up in Berkeley :-), while one of my best bridge-playing friends Xsomehow wound up stuck in Oklahoma :-(. But then a bridge program was Xdiscovered archived somewhere on the net, and we happily continued Xplaying. When I later moved to Finland (my wife is Finnish :-), it Xbecame impossible to use this program anymore. So, I set out to write Xa new bridge program which would correct the deficiencies of the old one. X XThe old bridge program was quite inspirational, but it was also rather Xidiosyncratic. Perhaps the difficulties with it can best be described Xby the authors themselves: X X This program provides communication between different X machines so that people can play bridge even they are X on different machine. It is written by Shyan-Ming X Yuan and Jiang-Hsing Chu at University of Maryland, X College Park. It was tested on Vaxes and Sun 3/50 X running BSD 4.2 and BSD 4.3. Since we don't have the X previlege to create a 'bridge daemon' as a normal X user, we decided to use 'talk daemon' instead. The X underlying communication program is modified from the X 'talk' program. You will have confusion in trying to X connect to the others... X XIn particular, we found that the talk daemons on various systems were Xoften incompatible. So it was only possible for us to play when all Xfour of us logged onto a single machine via telnet. In writing the Xnew program, I have abandoned the use of the 'talk daemon' in favor of Xestablishing the network connections directly through operating system Xcalls. This has the advantage that it is universally standardized and Xperhaps faster and more reliable. Also, the user interface for the Xold program was very unforgiving. I have tried to correct this Xdeficiency too. X X X XFurther Documentation X------- ------------- X XREADME.Install X Instructions about how to compile and install the program on your system. X XREADME.Playing X Instructions about how to operate the program. END_OF_FILE if test 3922 -ne `wc -c <'README'`; then echo shar: \"'README'\" unpacked with wrong size! fi # end of 'README' fi if test -f 'MANIFEST' -a "${1}" != "-c" ; then echo shar: Will not clobber existing file \"'MANIFEST'\" else echo shar: Extracting \"'MANIFEST'\" $1881 characters$ sed "s/^X//" >'MANIFEST' <<'END_OF_FILE' X File Name Archive # Description X----------------------------------------------------------- X COPYRIGHT 14 X MANIFEST 2 This shipping list X Makefile 12 X MkDistrib 7 X README 2 X README.Install 1 X README.Playing 1 X Revisions 14 X WhatsNew 10 X boards.c 5 X boards.h 11 X bridge.c 3 X ccdef.c 12 X cipher.c 12 X cipher.h 14 X commands.c 4 X commands.h 9 X conversation.c 10 X conversation.h 14 X cs.c 6 X cs.h 14 X display.c 6 X display.h 12 X fds.h 14 X gps.c 8 X gps.h 13 X gps_info.h 13 X help.c 12 X help.h 2 X input.c 8 X input.h 13 X log.c 10 X log.h 14 X network.c 7 X network.h 5 X nonstd.c 14 X okbridge.help 9 X okbridge.man 2 X okbridgerc 13 X okshuffle.c 13 X okshuffle.man 14 X oktally.c 10 X oktally.man 1 X parser.c 11 X parser.h 11 X protocol.c 9 X protocol.h 7 X rc.c 11 X rc.h 4 X scoring.c 12 X scoring.h 13 X socket.c 13 X socket.h 13 X state.h 13 X terminal.c 13 X terminal.h 13 X types.h 11 END_OF_FILE if test 1881 -ne `wc -c <'MANIFEST'`; then echo shar: \"'MANIFEST'\" unpacked with wrong size! fi # end of 'MANIFEST' fi if test -f 'help.h' -a "${1}" != "-c" ; then echo shar: Will not clobber existing file \"'help.h'\" else echo shar: Extracting \"'help.h'\" $3186 characters$ sed "s/^X//" >'help.h' <<'END_OF_FILE' X/* help.h -- help functions for the bridge program. X * X ! Copyright (C) 1990-1992 by Matthew Clegg. All Rights Reserved X ! X ! OKbridge is made available as a free service to the Internet. X ! Accordingly, the following restrictions are placed on its use: X ! X ! 1. OKbridge may not be modified in any way without the explicit X ! permission of Matthew Clegg. X ! X ! 2. OKbridge may not be used in any way for commercial advantage. X ! It may not be placed on for-profit networks or on for-profit X ! computer systems. It may not be bundled as part of a package X ! or service provided by a for-profit organization. X ! X ! If you have questions about restrictions on the use of OKbridge, X ! write to mclegg@cs.ucsd.edu. X ! X ! DISCLAIMER: The user of OKbridge accepts full responsibility for any X ! damage which may be caused by OKbridge. X * X * This file contains the interface for a help procedure for the X * bridge program. The help function is organized as a series of topics, X * headed by a main topic. All of the help information is stored in a X * single file, organized as a list of topics. The first entry in the X * file is interpreted to be the main topic, i.e., it is the entry which X * is displayed if no particular keyword is given. Each topic entry X * has a header line which contains an identifying keyword and a X * descriptive phrase. This is followed by the body of the entry X * and is terminated by an end-of-entry line. The format of the header X * line is simply X * <keyword> <phrase> X * where <keyword> is any text string not containing white space characters. X * The body of the entry consists simply of a series of text lines. X * These are displayed in order on the screen. However, a line beginning X * with the circumflex '^' character is displayed at the beginning of a X * new page. A help entry is terminated by a line containing just the X * two characters '--'. The last entry in the file need not have this X * terminator. The help file may also contain comment lines. These X * begin with the pound sign '#' character. X */ X Xextern initialize_help_system (); X/* Called once at the beginning of the program to read the file of help X * topics. X */ X Xextern int display_help (); X/* void display_help (char *topic); */ X/* Displays help on the given topic. This consists of looking up the X * help file associated to this topic and displaying the contents of this X * file on the screen. If the topic string is empty, then displays first X * the contents of the main topic file. Returns 0 if the requested topic X * was found, and 1 otherwise. X */ X Xextern void browse_help (); X/* void browse_help (char *name); */ X/* Displays help on the given topic. Afterwards, displays a list of X * topics along with a request to enter the name of a new topic. X */ X Xextern void display_topics (); X/* void display_topics (char *header_message); */ X/* Displays the list of help topics. */ X Xextern void Refresh_Help_Display (); X/* void Refresh_Help_Display (void); */ X/* Redisplays the current screen of help information. */ X Xextern void Clear_Help_Display (); X/* void Clear_Help_Display (void); */ X/* Returns the help system to its initial state. */ END_OF_FILE if test 3186 -ne `wc -c <'help.h'`; then echo shar: \"'help.h'\" unpacked with wrong size! fi # end of 'help.h' fi if test -f 'okbridge.man' -a "${1}" != "-c" ; then echo shar: Will not clobber existing file \"'okbridge.man'\" else echo shar: Extracting \"'okbridge.man'\" $42256 characters$ sed "s/^X//" >'okbridge.man' <<'END_OF_FILE' X.\" X.\" Adapted from README.Playing -- how to operate the okbridge program X.\" Matthew Clegg. September 1990. Updated May 1991, March 1992, May 1992. X.\" X.TH "OKBRIDGE" 6 "4 Aug 1992" X.SH NAME Xokbridge \- multi-player networked bridge game X.SH SYNPOSIS X.na X.in +9n X.ti -9n Xokbridge X.I position name server X[\fB\-dimR\fP] X[\fB\-p\fP\ \fIportno\fP] X[\fB\-G\fP] X[\fB\-r\fP\ \fIreplay\-file\fP] X[\fB\-b\fP\ \fIboards\-file\fP] X[\fB\-L\fP\ \fIlogfile\fP] X[\fB\-pn, -pe, -ps, -pw\fP] X[\fB\-n\fP\ \fIplayer-name\fP] X[\fB\-s\fP\ \fIserver-name\fP] X.in -9n X.ad X.SH OPTIONS X.IP "\fIposition\fP" XA position-dependent parameter which specifies the seat X(north, south, east or west) which the local player wishes to occupy. XThe \fIposition\fP should be specified as the first letter of the Xname of the seat (n, s, e or w). X.IP "\fIname\fP" XA position-dependent parameter which specifies the name by which Xthe local player would like to be identified Xto other bridge players. This name may be up to eight characters long. XIf it is omitted, then the login name is used. X.IP "\fIserver\fP" XA position-dependent parameter which specifies the Internet name Xor number where the server will be running. XIf the local player wishes to be the server, then the word "me" may be Xused as the server name. X.IP "\fB-d\fP, \fB-i\fP, \fB-m\fP, \fB-R\fP" XIndicate that the playing and scoring conventions respectively for XDuplicate, IMP, Match point or Rubber bridge should be used. XThese parameters are only relevant for the player Xwho is the server. In other words, the server makes the decision Xfor everyone about the scoring convention that will be used. XIf this parameter is omitted, then the playing and scoring conventions Xwill default to those of rubber bridge. The -R parameter is suppplied Xfor the sake of overriding any default which may appear in the .okbridgerc Xfile. X.IP "\fB-p\fP \fIportno\fP" XSpecifies the port number which will be used for establishing the Xnetwork connections. It is only in unusual circumstances that this Xparameter need be specified. X.IP "\fB-G\fP" XSpecifies that the Global Player Service (GPS) should \fInot\fP be contacted. XSee below for a description of the Global Player Service. X.IP "\fB-b\fP \fIboards-file\fP" XSpecifies that the file \fIboards-file\fP contains a sequence of Xduplicate deals which should be played. This is equivalent to the LOAD Xcommand in the .okbridgerc file. See the description of email duplicate Xbridge below. X.IP "\fB-L\fP \fIlogfile\fP" XSpecifies the name of the file to which the results of play will be Xwritten. This is equivalent to the LOG command in the .okbridgerc file. X.IP "\fB-z#\fP \fI[zhang-logfile]\fP" XSpecifes an alternate log file which will be recorded in the format Xdeveloped by Shangyou Zhang. The character '#' should be replaced by Xa table number. If the name of the file is omitted, then the name X"okb_#_rec" will be used. X.IP "\fB-pn, -pe, -ps, -pw\fP" XA position-independent parameter for specifying the player's position. X.IP "\fB-n\fP \fIplayer-name\fP" XA position-independent parameter for specifying the player's name. X.IP "\fB-s\fP \fIserver-name\fP" XA position-independent parameter for specifying the location of Xthe server. If the server-name is given as "me", then the local Xplayer will be the server. X.SH "PLAYING" X.PP X.SH "The Okbridge Milieu" X.PP XOkbridge allows people to play bridge together using the Internet. XIt is a distributed program, which means that each player runs a Xseparate instance of the program, and these instances communicate Xwith each other through the Internet to cooperatively provide the Xillusion of a bridge game. X.PP XAt any given moment, there may be many bridge tables currently open, Xwith players at these tables playing bridge together. Each table Xallows four people to play bridge together. There may be a number of Xadditional people at a table who are observing the play. Each table Xhas a host, who is called the \fIserver\fP. While the server is hosting the Xtable, the table is said to be \fIopen\fP. The server can be either Xobserving or playing. A player who is not a server is said to Xbe a \fIclient\fP. X.PP XA list of currently open bridge tables is maintained in a worldwide Xdatabase called the Global Player Service (GPS). When a new player Xstarts the okbridge program, the GPS is contacted and the list of Xcurrently open bridge tables is displayed. The player then has a Xchoice of either joining one of the currently open tables or hosting a Xnew table. X.PP XWhen four players have joined a table, they must choose \fIseats\fP before Xthey can begin play. The seats are labeled north, south, east and Xwest, and a player chooses a seat by using one of the commands: X/NORTH, /SOUTH, /EAST or /WEST (see the list of commands below). XAlso, the server may choose one of several scoring modes (see below). XPlay can begin once the seats are all occupied. X.PP XIn addition to playing bridge together, the players at a table may Xtalk with each other and find out a limited amount of information Xabout each other (see the /WHO and /WHOIS commands below). There are Xa number of options for controlling the format of the display and Xinput, see e.g., the /BELL, /DEFAULT, /FORMAL, /PROMPT, and /SPEC Xcommands. Okbridge provides for very elementary convention Xcards (see the /CC and /CCDEF commands below), and it provides some Xsupport for duplicate play (also discussed below). X X.SH "Invoking the okbridge Program" XUsually, it is sufficient to start okbridge simply Xby typing one of the following two commands: X.IP okbridge X.IP "okbridge -n your-name" X.PP XThis will contact the Global Player Service for a list of the currently Xplaying tables. The /JOIN (or /CONNECT) command can the be used to join Xan open table, or the /SERVE command can be used to begin serving a Xnew table. X.PP XHowever, if a game has been arranged in advance, then it is possible Xto specify explicitly the name of the server and the seat arrangement. XSuppose that the names of the players are Alex, XBob, Cathy and Dot. Alex and Cathy will be one team, while Bob and Dot Xwill be the other. They decide that Alex will be north, and Bob will be Xeast. Further, they decide that Bob will be the server. Here is a Xlist of the commands that each might use to invoke the okbridge program Xon their respective (hypothetical) machines: X X.nf X.na X Name Position Machine Command to invoke okbridge X ---- -------- ------- -------------------------- X Alex north a.alaska.edu okbridge n Alex b.berkeley.edu X Bob east b.berkeley.edu okbridge e Bob me X Cathy south c.florida.edu okbridge s Cathy b.berkeley.edu X Dot west d.maine.edu okbridge w Dot b.berkeley.edu X.ad X.fi X XThe server (in this case, Bob) should initiate his copy of the program Xfirst. When a client starts her copy of the program, an initial Xdisplay will be presented and the program will attempt to establish a Xconnection to the server. During this time, the keyboard will be Xunresponsive. If the client is unable to establish the connection Xwithin 15-30 seconds, then it will give up and display an error Xmessage. After the connection is established, the program will enter Xa talk mode where messages can be exchanged with the other players. X.PP XWhen the server deals the first hand, each player's screen will be Xredrawn, showing his or her cards. The program prompts each player Xfor bids and broadcasts the bids to the other players. After the Xbidding is complete, playing mode is entered. The screen is redrawn Xin preparation for play. Again, the program prompts each player for Xplays and broadcasts the plays to the others. After the playing is Xcomplete, a review of the hand is presented to all of the players and Xthe scores are updated. During this time, the players may freely Xdiscuss the hand. Pressing RETURN twice in succession proceeds to the Xnext hand. The program continues in this cycle indefinitely until a Xplayer leaves or until the server gives instructions which alter the Xbehavior of the program. X.PP XOther clients may join the table at any time. A client who joins Xwhile a hand is in progress will be able to observe the play and so Xthe client is said to be an \fIobserver\fP. The observer may choose Xto see the cards of the players by becoming a \fIspectator\fP (see the X/SPEC command below). Spectators are not allowed to talk to the Xplayers, though. If one of the players vacates his or her position, Xthen an observer may take the position. X X.SH "The Display and Entering Input" X.PP XHere we give an example of the screen display during bidding. The numbers Xin the left column do not actually appear on the screen -- they are given Xfor reference purposes only. X X.nf X.na X ======================================================================= X 1 OKBRIDGE 1.6A WEST THEY WE X 2 HAND 1 (0:42) ----- ----- X 3 (S) Cathy's BID TRICKS 0 0 X 4 VUL NO NO X 5 Alex Bob Cathy Dot |Cathy ABOVE 0 0 X 6 ---- --- ----- --- |----- BELOW 0 0 X 7 1 1S -- |S A652 X 8 |H K754 X 9 |D JT8 X10 |C J3 X11 X12 X13 X14 X15 X16 BID 2s X17 TALK X18 X19 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- X20 |MODERATOR: TYPE /HELP FOR INSTRUCTIONS ABOUT THIS PROGRAM | X21 |NETWORK- YOU ARE NOW SITTING AS WEST. | X22 |NETWORK- Alex HAS JOINED THE GAME AS NORTH | X23 |NETWORK- Cathy HAS JOINED THE GAME AS SOUTH | X24 |NETWORK- Bob HAS JOINED THE GAME AS EAST | X ======================================================================= X.ad X.fi X XIn the upper right corner of the screen (lines 1-6), the scores are Xdisplayed. The number of tricks taken by each side is displayed on Xline 3. The points above and below the line for each side are displayed Xon lines 5 and 6, respectively. And an indication of which sides are Xvulnerable is displayed on line 4. It has been pointed out to me that Xduring ordinary bridge play, the scores are only available to the players Xbetween hands and not during the bidding and playing. I apologize that Xthe okbridge program is not faithful to the real game in this respect. X.PP XAt the beginning of line 2, we can see that this is the first hand Xbeing played at that so far 42 seconds have elapsed in the play of the Xhand. On line 3, we can see that it is now Cathy's turn to bid. On Xlines 5-9, we can see the bids that have been made up to this point. XThe display shows that Alex has bid 1 spade, while Bob has passed. XCathy's cards are displayed to the right of this table of bids. X.PP XLine 16 is the place where the local player's input to the program is Xentered. The word `BID' at the lefthand margin is printed by the program Xand indicates that the program is expecting Cathy to type her bid. XThe characters `2s' were entered by Cathy, and they indicate that she Xintends to bid 2 Spades. At the time this screen was copied, the Xcursor was located just to the right of the letter `s' in `2s'. XIf Cathy now presses the return key, then the bid 2 Spades will be Xtransmitted to the other players. X.PP XLine 17 is the line where the local player may type messages which will Xbe transmitted to the other players. When the cursor is on line 17, Xany input that the user types will be transmitted to the other players Xas a conversational message. XThe user may switch between playing and talking by pressing the tab key. X.PP XLines 20 through 24 display messages from the program and from other Xplayers. Each message is of the form `source: text', where `source' Xis either MODERATOR or the name of one of the players. Messages from Xthe MODERATOR give information about the internal state of the program. X.PP XWhen entering input, the backspace and delete keys will erase the last Xcharacter typed. The escape key erases the entire input line. And Xpressing control-R causes the entire screen to be redrawn from scratch. XAlways press return to have your input transmitted to the other players. X.PP XThere is a `default' input option embedded in the input processor. XWhen the input line is empty, pressing return results in the display Xof a `default' input. When in bidding mode, the default input is Xalways `pass'. When in playing mode, the default input is the lowest Xranked card which follows suit. If there are two or more suits from Xwhich a card may be played, then no default is made available. XPressing return a second time (i.e., after Xthe default input has been displayed) causes the default input to be Xtransmitted to the other players. Sometimes in playing mode there is Xonly one legal input. In this case, this input is displayed Xautomatically -- you need only press return to transmit it to the Xother players. X.PP XIn addition, there are a number of control keys which have been Xprogrammed to provide abbreviations for commands: X X.nf X.na X ^A Alerts partner's last bid. X ^B When used during the play of a hand, the bidding is displayed X for review. X ^C Quits the program. (Confirmation is first requested.) X ^D Toggles the default input mode. See the /DEFAULT command. X ^G Toggles the bell. See the /BELL command. X ^P Toggles the prompt. See the /PROMPT command. X ^R Refreshes the screen. X ^T Switches between talking and playing. X ^U Erases the current input. X ^W Sends a wakeup signal to your partner. X ^X Exits the program immediately (only if compiled in debug mode). X X TAB Switches between talking and playing (same as ^T). X.ad X.fi X X.SH "Bidding" X.PP XA contract bid is specified by giving the level and the trump suit. XThe level is given as an integer in the range 1-7, while the trump Xsuits are of course clubs, diamonds, hearts, spades and no trump. XHowever, the name of the trump suit is abbreviated to its initial Xletter. Thus, here are some examples of legal contract bids: X.IP "1c, 1d, 1h, 1s, 1n, 2c, 2d, 2h, 2s, 2n, 3c, 3d, 3h, 3s, 3n, ..." X.IP "A passing bid is given by entering `pass' or just `p'." X.IP "A doubling bid is given by entering `double' or `X'." X.IP "A redoubling bid is given by entering `redouble' or `XX'." X.PP XA bidder may alert his or her bid by typing an exclamation point Xafter the bid (e.g., 1c!). This alert is broadcast to the opponents Xbut not to the partner of the alerting bidder. Alternatively, the Xpartner of the bidder may alert the bid by using the /ALERT command Xor the control-A key. See the /ALERT command below. X X.SH "Playing" X.PP XThe name of a card is specified by giving its suit and then its rank. XThe honor cards `ten', `jack', `queen', `king' and `ace' are Xabbreviated respectively to T, J, Q, K and A. Thus, the cards in Xthe deck are enumerated as X X.nf X.na X C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, C8, C9, CT, CJ, CQ, CK, CA X D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, D7, D8, D9, DT, DJ, DQ, DK, DA X H2, H3, H4, H5, H6, H7, H8, H9, HT, HJ, HQ, HK, HA X S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9, ST, SJ, SQ, SK, SA X.ad X.fi X XIt is allowable to write the rank first and then the suit, e.g., TC Xinstead of CT. X X.SH Commands X.PP XThere are a number of special commands that are available in the okbridge Xprogram. These special commands are invoked by entering at the beginning Xof a line a slash `/', the name of the command, and perhaps some Xparameters. Here is a brief list of the available commands: X X.IP "/ALERT" XAlerts your partner's last bid. If you are playing in FORMAL mode, Xthe alert is displayed to your opponents only. Otherwise, the alert Xwill be displayed to everyone. Same as ^A. X X.IP "/AUTOPASS [ON|OFF]" XDuring \fIPractice\fP mode, this command controls whether or not PASS bids Xare automatically supplied by the moderator for absent players. See the Xdescription of \fIPractice\fP mode below. X X.IP "/BELL [ON|OFF]" XBy default, the okbridge program rings the terminal's bell whenever Xit requests input from you. However, this can be disabled by Xtyping /BELL OFF. The state of the bell can be toggled with ^G. X X.IP "/CC [NS|EW|MY|BOTH]" XDisplays the convention card of the specified team(s). XBy default, displays the convention card of the opponents. X X.IP "/CCDEF [<Convention Card Name>] [<Convention-Card>]" XStores or displays a named convention card in the internal database. XIf both parameters are omitted, then displays all of the named Xconvention cards. If only the name of the convention card is Xspecified, then displays that convention card. Otherwise, Xenters a new definition for a named convention card. X X.IP "/CLAIM [\fIn\fP]" XThis command claims \fIn\fP additional tricks for the declarer. XIf \fIn\fP is omitted, then all remaining tricks are claimed. XIf \fIn\fP is negative, then this many -\fIn\fP tricks are conceded. XAll hands are revealed to the defenders, and they are asked whether Xor not they agree to the declarer's request. XIf both agree, then the hand is ended early. This command can Xbe used only by the declarer. X X.IP "/CLS" XClears all of the messages from the talk area of the display. X X.IP "/DEFAULT [ON | OFF]" XThis command controls whether or not defaults will be provided Xfor bids, plays and questions. This mode can be toggled with ^D. X X.IP "/EMAIL <your-email-address>" XSpecifies your email address. Other players will then be able to Xfind out your email address by using the /WHOIS command. X X.IP "/FULLNAME <your-full-name>" XSpecifies your full name. Other players will then be able to find Xout your name by using the /WHOIS command. This name is also displayed Xby the GPS. X X.IP "/HELP [topic]" XProvides help about how to use Okbridge. XType /HELP alone to obtain general help. X X.IP "/LHB <message>" XSends a message to the person who appears to the left of you in the Xbidding display. Same as the /RHO command. X X.IP "/LHO <message>" XSends a message to the person who will play or bid immediately Xafter you. Same as the /RHB command. X X.IP "/LOG [\fIfilename\fP]" XTyping /LOG \fIfilename\fP causes this hand and subsequent hands Xto be written to the file with name \fIfilename\fP. Omitting X\fIfilename\fP causes the current log file to be closed. XAdding a plus sign '+' to the beginning of \fIfilename\fP causes Xthe playing record to be appended to the end of the file. X X.IP "/NAME <new-name>" XChanges your name to <new-name>. X X.IP "/OPP <message>" XSends a message which will be seen only by the opponents. X X.IP "/PAUSE" XDuring bidding or play, this restores the entire screen to a talk Xdisplay. This is useful for seeing messages which have scrolled out Xof the small conversation area which appears during bidding and play. X X.IP "/PING" XSends an invisible message to each of the other players, which is Xautomatically echoed. Reports the round-trip communication time. X X.IP "/PRACTICE [ON|OFF]" XTurns on or off the \fIPractice\fP mode of play. This mode allows Xa partnership to practice bidding and the planning of play. See the Xdescription of \fIPractice\fP mode below. X X.IP "/PROMPT [ON|OFF]" XBy default, the dummy is asked to press RETURN after the end Xof each trick. This allows the dummy to see each trick as Xit is played. This prompting can be disabled by typing X/PROMPT OFF. The prompt mode can be toggled with ^P. X X.IP "/QUIT" XTerminates the program. X X.IP "/REVEAL [<player-name> | NORTH | EAST | SOUTH | WEST" X| NE | NS | NW | SE | SW | EW] X.IP XThis command can only be used by an observer or the dummy. In this Xcase, the player enters \fIspectator\fP mode and the named hands are Xrevealed. In spectator mode, the observer can have complete Xinformation about the game. Spectators may talk to each other, but Xthey may not talk to the players or to other observers who are not Xspectators. Spectator mode is not available in formal play. If the Xname of the player is omitted, then all hands are revealed. (This Xcommand is actually the same as the /SPEC command.) X X.IP "/REVIEW" XDisplays the bidding for review. This is intended to be used Xduring the playing mode. This command can be abbreviated with ^B. X X.IP "/RHB <message>" XSends a message to the person who appears to the right of you in Xthe bidding display. Same as the /LHO command. X X.IP "/RHO <message>" XSends a message to the person who bids or plays immediately before Xyou. Same as the /LHB command. X X.IP "/SEAT NORTH|EAST|SOUTH|WEST|OBS" X.IP "/EAST, /NORTH, /OBS, /OBSERVER, /SOUTH, /WEST" X.IP XSelects a seat. Can only be used before the first hand or between Xhands. Only one person may sit in the seats north, east, south, west, Xbut there may be many observers. X X.IP "/SETCC [<your-convention-card>]" XEnters one line of text as your convention card. This card will Xthen be announced to your partner and the opponents as the convention Xcard for your team. Omitting convention card from this command will Xcause your current convention card to be announced to your partner Xand opponents. If the convention card is just a single word, then Xthe list of convention cards specified in the .okbridgerc file with Xthe CCDEF command is searched for a matching entry. If a matching Xentry is found, then the corresponding convention card is used. X X.IP "/SPEC [<player-name> | NORTH | EAST | SOUTH | WEST" X| NE | NS | NW | SE | SW | EW] X.IP XThis command can only be used by an observer or the dummy. In this Xcase, the player enters \fIspectator\fP mode and the named hands are Xrevealed. In spectator mode, the observer can have complete Xinformation about the game. Spectators may talk to each other, but Xthey may not talk to the players or to other observers who are not Xspectators. Spectator mode is not available in formal play. If the Xname of the player is omitted, then all hands are revealed. (This Xcommand is actually the same as the /REVEAL command.) X X.IP "/WAKEUP [<player-name> | ALL]" XSends a wakeup signal to the named player, or to all players if XALL is specified. The wakeup signal rings the terminal bell and Xprints the words "WAKE UP" in the conversation area. If the name of the Xplayer is omitted, then the signal is sent to your partner. XPressing ^W is the same as typing /WAKEUP. X X.IP "/WHO" XGives a short list of the other players and their respective seats. X X.IP "/WHOIS [<player-name>]" XInquires about a specific player. If the player has listed his/her Xfull name and email address in the .okbridgerc file, then this Xinformation is given. If <player-name> is omitted, then inquires Xabout both of the opponents. X X.IP "/ZLOG [filename]" XThis command is similar to the /LOG command in that it also opens Xa log file, but the format of the log file is more compact. X X X.PP X.SH Server Commands X XIn addition, there are a number of commands which can be used only Xby the server. X X.IP "/ASSIGN <player-name> NORTH|EAST|SOUTH|WEST|OBS" XAssigns a player to a given seat. Can only be used before the Xfirst hand has been dealt or between hands. X X.IP "/DISCONNECT <player-name>" XCloses the connection to the named player. X<player-name> can either be the name of a player (e.g., Worf) Xor the name of a position (e.g., SOUTH). X X.IP "/FORMAL [OFF|ON]" XSpecifies whether formal playing rules will be used or queries which Xplaying rules are currently use. In formal play, talk messages Xare displayed only to the opponents, alerts are not displayed to the Xpartner of the alerter, and the dummy is not revealed to anyone Xuntil the opening lead has been made. X X.IP "/RESET" XResets the program to its initial state. X X.IP "/SCORE RUBBER|DUPLICATE|MP|IMP|CLEAR" XSelects a scoring mode. If the selected scoring mode is different from Xthe current scoring mode, then skips the current hand. Using '/SCORE CLEAR' Xwill clear the scoreboard. X X.IP "/SKIP [\fIn\fP]" XEnds the current hand immediately, without recording a score for it. XIf we are the server, then the parameter \fIn\fP specifies the number Xof hands to skip (including the current one). XThis command is useful in case the connection to one of the players is lost. X X X.PP X.SH The Global Player Service X XThe Global Player Service is a worldwide database of currently playing Xbridge tables. Using the GPS, it is possible to quickly locate other Xpeople wishing to play bridge. The following commands are for Xaccessing the GPS: X X.IP "/TABLES" XLists the currently playing tables. X X.IP "/JOIN [<name>]" XJoins the table being served by <name>. If <name> is omitted, Xthen the first table in the list provided by the /TABLES command Xis joined. X X.IP "/SERVE [<port-number>]" XBegins serving a table. The table will be advertised to the GPS Xautomatically, so that other players may join. If <port-number> Xis omitted, then 1729 will be chosen by default. X X.PP XThe Global Player Service also supports a form of duplicate play. XIt maintains a database of boards which have been played by other Xfoursomes. These boards can be downloaded and played again, Xand match point scores will then be computed. The following commands Xare relevant to GPS duplicate: X X.IP "/DUP [MP|IMP|END]" XUsed by the server to initiate (or end) GPS duplicate play. The MP Xparameter is specified to play match point boards, while the IMP parameter Xis given to play IMP boards. The default is IMP play. After each Xboard is downloaded and played, you will be able to see the results Xof play by other foursomes. X X.IP "/RESULTS [<results-file>]" XDownloads all of the GPS duplicate boards which have been played by Xthe local player. The results of play for each board are then displayed. XIf <results-file> is specified, then the results are saved to the given Xfile in email duplicate format. A more verbose record of the play can Xthen be produced with the oktally command. WARNING: If you play often, Xthen you should specify the <results-file> and examine it using oktally. X X.IP "/SCOREBOARD" XDisplays the GPS duplicate scoreboard. The top ten players in match point Xplay and in IMP play are listed. X X.PP XIn addition, there are the following GPS-related commands: X X.IP "/PLAYERS [<name>]" XLists the names of all of the players currently at the table Xserved by <name>. If <name> is omitted, then lists all of the Xplayers at all tables. X X.IP "/CONNECT <host_name> [<port_number>]" XConnects to the table being served at <host_name> with port <port_number>. XIf <port_number> is omitted, then 1729 is assumed. X X.IP "/PERISH" XDisconnects from the GPS. If we are serving a table, this table Xis deleted from the GPS database. X X.IP "/PUBLISH" XReconnects to the GPS. If we are serving a table, this table is Xre-advertised to the GPS. X X.SH Partnership Practice Mode X XThe \fIPractice\fP mode is based on a suggestion of Alan Truscott. In Xthis mode, two (or more) players may practice their bidding. The Xmoderator (OKbridge) supplies PASS bids for players which are absent. XAfter the hand has been bid, it is revealed to all of the players. XThe players may then discuss and play it. X XTo enter \fIPractice\fP mode, the server uses the command '/PRACTICE ON'. XThis will deal a new hand and allow the players to bid it. During the Xbidding, OKbridge will supply "PASS" bids for absent players. Thus, if XNorth-South is practicing and East-West are absent, then a "PASS" will Xbe supplied by OKbridge automatically each time it is East or West's turn Xto bid. X XThis is usually the preferred behavior. However, for three-player practice, Xit may be preferable to allow the third player to bid both hands for one side, Xsay East-West. In this case, the server should use the '/AUTOPASS OFF' Xcommand. This command will disable PASS bids from being supplied by Xthe moderator. The third player can then bid for both East and West by Xswitching seats with the /EAST and /WEST commands. X XAfter a contract has been reached, all four hands will be revealed to Xeach of the players. The players will be able to discuss the bidding Xtogether. They can also play out the hand. Each player is allowed to Xplay from anyone's hand. That is to say, if it is West's turn to Xplay, anyone may select which one of West's cards to play. X XThe /CLAIM (or /SKIP) command can be used to end the hand early. XDuring \fIPractice\fP mode, any player may use the /CLAIM command to Xspecify the number of tricks to be claimed \fIfor the declarer.\fP XNo confirmation is requested for claims made during \fIPractice\fP mode. XAfter the hand ends, the score is computed and displayed. X X X.SH Scoring X.PP XThe following tables give a basic outline of how okbridge computes Xthe scores. It is partially derived from the documentation supplied with Xthe bridge program written by Yuan and Chu. X.IP "Trick Score (below the line)" XIf the contracting team succeeds in making their contract, Xthen the base score for the hand is computed according to Xthe following chart. X X.na X.nf X Spades or Hearts 30 per trick | If doubled: X Diamonds or Clubs 20 per trick | multiply by 2 X Notrump 40 for first trick | If redoubled: X 30 for each additional trick | multiply by 4 X.fi X.ad X X.IP XFor rubber bridge, the score is computed Xaccording to the number of tricks bid. For other scoring Xmethods, the score is computed according to how many tricks Xwere actually made. X X.IP XIn a doubled contract in rubber bridge, overtricks are Xscored at 100 points each if not vulnerable and 200 points Xeach if vulnerable. In a redoubled contract in rubber bridge, Xovertricks are scored at 200 and 400 respectively. X X.IP XIn rubber bridge, a game is scored if 100 points or more are Xaccumulated below the line. The scoring side then becomes Xvulnerable and wins the rubber if they win a second game. XIn other forms of bridge, the vulnerability proceeds according Xto a rotation which cycles every 16 hands. X X.IP Bonuses XFor rubber bridge, there is a bonus for winning the rubber, Xwhich is scored as follows: X X.nf X.na X Rubber bonus: 500 if you win two games out of three X 700 if you win the only two games X.ad X.fi X.IP XFor all forms of bridge, there is a bonus for making a slam: X X.nf X.na X Not Vulnerable Vulnerable X Slam Bonus: Small Slam 500 750 X Grand Slam 1000 1500 X.ad X.fi X.IP XIn rubber, there is a bonus if the contracting Xside has enough honor cards in the trump suit: X X.nf X.na X Honors: 4 trump honors in one hand 100 X 5 trump honors in one hand 150 X 4 aces in one hand at notrump 150 X.ad X.fi X.IP XIn non-rubber bridge, there is a 300 point bonus for bidding Xand making a game when not vulnerable. The bonus is 500 points Xif vulnerable. X.IP XMaking Doubled (or redoubled) Contract: 50 points X.IP XPenalties (above the line): X X.nf X.na X Undoubled Doubled X Not Vul. Vul. Not Vul. Vul. X Down 1 50 100 100 200 X Down 2 100 200 300 500 X Down 3 150 300 500 800 X Down 4 200 400 700 1100 X Down 5 250 500 900 1400 X Down 6 300 600 1100 1700 X Down 7 350 700 1300 2100 X Down 8 400 800 1500 2500 X ... ... ... ... ... X.ad X.fi X XNote that for non-rubber bridge, the penalty sequence for doubled Xnot vulnerable is 100, 300, 500, 800, 1100, etc. XIf redoubled: multiply the doubled penalty by two. X X.IP "IMP scoring" XThe IMP (International Match Point) scoring system is based on Xcomparing the results of play for exactly two tables. In this system, Xthe difference between the score of your team and the other team who Xplayed the same cards as you is computed and then converted to a Xnumber of IMPs according to a table. X X.nf X.na X Duplicate score IMP pts Duplicate score IMP pts X --------------- ------- --------------- ------- X < 20 0 750 12 X 50 1 900 13 X 90 2 1100 14 X 130 3 1300 15 X 170 4 1500 16 X 220 5 1750 17 X 270 6 2000 18 X 320 7 2250 19 X 370 8 2500 20 X 430 9 3000 21 X 500 10 3500 22 X 600 11 4000 23 X above 24 X.ad X.fi XIf more than two tables have played a board, then the IMP score Xassigned to a team for the play of a board is the average of all of the Xpairwise IMP scores. If only one table has played a board, then the XIMP score assigned for the play of the board is determined using the XMono IMP system described by Gary Greene in the May/June 1990 issue Xof \fIBridge Today.\fP Greene describes the Mono IMP system as follows: X X"Mono-IMP scoring is based on an average expected score for each side's Xhigh-card-point holding. The table below shows the average score that Xa given number of high-card points will produce in the long run. I Xhave compiled statistics from over 10000 hands from a lunchtime game Xplayed over the last five years, and they indicate that these values Xare a realistic long-term average." X X.nf X.na X HCP Vul NV HCP Vul NV X --- --- --- --- --- --- X 20 0 0 | 29 750 550 X 21 50 50 | 30 800 600 X 22 100 100 | 31 950 700 X 23 150 150 | 32 1100 800 X 24 300 200 | 33 1400 950 X 25 450 300 | 34 1500 1050 X 26 600 400 | 35 1650 1150 X 27 650 450 | 36 1850 1300 X 28 700 500 | 37+ 2100 1500 X.ad X.fi X XThe number of Mono-IMPs awarded is determined by taking the difference between Xthe score actually made and the predicted score as given in the above table. XIf the difference is less than 600 (in either direction), then the number Xof Mono-IMPs awarded is equal to the difference divided by 50 and rounded Xto the nearest half point. If the difference is greater than 600, then the Xnumber of Mono_IMPs awarded is equal to 12 plus 1 point for each 100 Xbeyond 600, again rounded to the nearest half point. X X.IP "Match Point Scoring" XThe Match Point scoring system compares the results of many tables of Xplay. A partnership receives one match point for each pair who played Xthe same hands and did worse than them and a half point for each pair Xwho scored exactly the same. In OKbridge, match point scores are Xnormalized to lie between 0 and 1. The number of match points which a Xteam receives is divided by the total number of match points which Xcould have been won. Thus, normalized match points represent a per Xcent ranking among the other teams who played the board. If a board Xhas been played by only one table, then a simulated match point score Xis assigned. The simulated match point score is 1 if the Mono-IMP Xscore is 1 or greater, 0 if the Mono-IMP score is -1 or less, and 0.5 Xotherwise. X X.SH "Playing Duplicate Bridge" X.PP XIn addition to the GPS duplicate mode described above, okbridge allows Xboards to be read from and written to files. These files can be mailed Xto other foursomes for play, allowing for 'email duplicate' matches. X.PP XTo begin email duplicate play, the server at the first table uses the X/SAVE command to save a set of boards after they have been played. XThe /SAVE command creates a record of the boards along with a complete Xrecord of how they were played. This file can then be mailed to others Xfor play. X.PP XTo replay a set of boards which have been saved, the server Xuses the /LOAD command to load the boards. This loads the boards Xfrom the file into memory and immediately begins playing them. XAfter the boards have been played, the server can /SAVE the boards Xback to a file. This will save the previous results of play along Xwith the new results. X.PP XAlternatively, a sequence of boards can be replayed by using the X/REPLAY command. This first causes the boards to be read into the Xprogram for play. After they have been played, they are then Xautomatically saved along with the results back to the file from Xwhich they were read. X.PP XTo create a unplayed set of shuffled boards, use the X.IR okshuffle (6) Xprogram. Also, to merge a number of boards that have already been Xplayed, you can use the X.IR oktally (6) Xprogram. See their man pages for more details. X X.SH "The .okbridgerc initialization file" X.PP XIt is possible to store a number of default settings into a Xfile which will be read at initialization. When the Xprogram starts, the current working directory is first searched for a Xfile named ".okbridgerc". If no file is found, then the home Xdirectory is searched for the same file. For an example of an .okbridgerc Xfile, see the file in this distribution named X"okbridgerc". (Note that it is incorrectly named -- to be read by the Xokbridge program, it should be named ".okbridgerc"). X XAfter the ".okbridgerc" file is read, the program then searches for Xa file named ".okdefaults". This file is of the same format as Xthe ".okbridgerc", and any settings file override those found in Xthe ".okbridgerc" file. When okbridge terminates, it may rewrite Xthe ".okdefaults" file, saving any settings which may have been Xchanged during the play of the program. X X.PP XEach line in the ".okbridgerc" file is either a comment line or Xa (field, value) pair. Comment lines begin with the pound sign '#' character. XField, value pairs are of the format: X X.nf X.na X <Field-name> <value> X.ad X.fi X XThe fields which are currently recognized are as follows: X X.IP AUTOSAVE XThis field specifies that the ".okdefaults" file should be rewritten Xwhen okbridge terminates. If this field is not present, then Xthe ".okdefaults" file will not be changed. X X.IP "BELL ON | OFF" XWhen requesting input (a bid or a play), the terminal's bell is rung Xby default. However, this can be disabled by specifying 'BELL OFF'. XThis has the same effect as the '/BELL OFF' command. X X.IP "CC \fIconvention-card\fP" XThis is a one line description of the conventions which you like to use. X X.IP "CCDEF \fIConvention-Card-Name\fP \fIConvention-Card\fP" XStores a named convention card in the internal database. XThis convention card can then be called up during the play of the Xprogram with the command '/CC <card-name>'. X X.IP "DEFAULT ON | OFF" XThis controls whether or not default inputs will be provided Xfor bids, plays and questions. X X.IP "EMAIL \fIemail-address\fP" XThis should be your email address. It is currently used only for Xidentification purposes. X X.IP "FULLNAME \fIyour-full-name\fP" XThis field is used only for identification purposes, and should Xcontain your full name as you would wish it to be displayed to others. X X.IP "GPS ON | OFF" XControls whether or not we will contact the Global Player Service Xautomatically when the program starts up. X X.IP "GPS_IP \fIip-name-or-number-of-GPS\fP [\fIGPS-port\fP]" XSpecifies the Internet number and port of the GPS. X X.IP "HELPFILE \fIdirectory-name\fP" XThis field specifies the location of the okbridge help file. X X.IP "LOAD \fIemail-duplicate-filename\fP" XThis field is only valid if the position is north and the scoring mode Xis email duplicate. In this case, okbridge will automatically read a Xset of email duplicate boards from the named file. X X.IP "LOG \fIfilename\fP" XIf this statement is present in the startup file, then the hands will Xautomatically be logged to the given filename. If the first character Xof \fIfilename\fP is a plus sign '+', then the log is appended to X\fIfilename\fP. Otherwise, \fIfilename\fP is overwritten. X X.IP "MY_IP \fIlocal-IP-number\fP" XThis field specifies the IP number of the local player. XUsually, okbridge can determine the IP number correctly, Xbut on some systems, this field must be used. X X.IP "NAME \fIlocal-player-name\fP" XThis field specifies the name that will be used to identify the local Xplayer to the other players. If both the NAME field and the POSITION Xfield are present in the .okbridgerc startup file, then the Xcorresponding parameters can be omitted from the okbridge command Xline. In this case, the SERVER field should also be specified in Xthe .okbridgerc file. X X.IP "PORT \fIpositive-integer\fP" XThis field specifies the internet port number that will be Xused for communications with the server. It is usually not Xnecessary to specify a port number. X X.IP "PROMPT NO | YES" XThe value of this field is only relevant in hands where the local Xplayer is the dummy. In this case, the dummy is ordinarily prompted Xto press RETURN at the end of each trick. This allows the dummy to Xsee the cards that are played as they are played. However, if 'PROMPT XNO' is specified, then the dummy will not be prompted. X X.IP "SCORING RUBBER | CHICAGO | DUPLICATE | EMAIL | IMP" XThis field is only relevant if the local player is north. In this Xcase, the SCORING field determines the type of scoring that will be Xused by default in the game. X X.IP "SEAT NORTH | EAST | SOUTH | WEST" XThis field specifies the local player's position. If both the NAME Xfield and the POSITION field are present in the .okbridgerc startup Xfile, then the corresponding parameters can be omitted from the Xokbridge command line. In this case, the SERVER field should also be Xspecified in the .okbridgerc file. X X.IP "SERVER ME | \fIinternet-name-or-number\fP" XIf the value of this field is 'ME', then the local player will assume Xthe role of server. If the value of this field is anything else, then Xit is interpreted as an internet name or number of the machine where Xthe server is running. X X.IP "ZLOG \fIfilename\fP" XThis command is similar to the LOG command, in that it opens Xa file for recording play, but the format of the file is more concise. X X.SH "FILES" X".okbridgerc" - user defaults file X.SH "SEE ALSO" Xokshuffle(6), Xoktally(6) X.SH AUTHOR X.PP XMatthew Clegg, mclegg@cs.ucsd.edu. X.PP XMan pages adapted by George Ferguson, X.br Xferguson@cs.rochester.edu. END_OF_FILE if test 42256 -ne `wc -c <'okbridge.man'`; then echo shar: \"'okbridge.man'\" unpacked with wrong size! fi # end of 'okbridge.man' fi echo shar: End of archive 2 $of 14$. cp /dev/null ark2isdone MISSING="" for I in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 ; do if test ! -f ark${I}isdone ; then MISSING="${MISSING} ${I}" fi done if test "${MISSING}" = "" ; then echo You have unpacked all 14 archives. rm -f ark[1-9]isdone ark[1-9][0-9]isdone else echo You still need to unpack the following archives: echo " " ${MISSING} fi ## End of shell archive. exit 0