home
***
CD-ROM
|
disk
|
FTP
|
other
***
search
/
Shareware Supreme Volume 6 #1
/
swsii.zip
/
swsii
/
016
/
NAPA0430.ZIP
/
NAPA0430.TXT
< prev
Wrap
Text File
|
1992-06-07
|
5KB
|
110 lines
Napa Sentinel April 30, 1992 Copyrighted
If we don't learn from history, we must repeat it
Harry Martin
Last of a Thirteen Part series
History is often the best indicator for tomorrow. With
reference to American POWs in Southeast Asia, it is
important to take a step back from the issue and look at the
experience of another country involved in an Asian war. That
war was popularly known as the French Indo-China War. It
took place in the early 1950's. How the Vietnamese treated
French POWs and MIAs provided verification to the
non-repatriated American POWs from a war two decades after.
French records show that 39,888 French soldiers were
prisoners of the Vietnamese. Of that total, 75 percent of
those people were never repatriated - including 2350 French
nationals and 2867 members of the French Foreign Legion.
Today, nearly four decades after the war, public interest in
French prisoners of the Indo-China War has been renewed.
What renewed public interest was the "Boudarel Affair" --
the discovery of George Boudarel, a Frenchman who acted as a
deputy political commissar in Vietnamese prison camps during
the Indo-China War. He was in charge of brain-washing and
interrogating French prisoners, and has been accused of
being an accessory to torture. Nothing was known of his
whereabouts for years. Then it was discovered that, after
serving in the Communist International underground in
Southeast Asia and Eastern Europe, he had obtained a
teaching post at a university in France.
A new book by a former prisoner who charges that he was
tortured by Boudarel was recently released in France.
Written by Claude Bayle, Prisonnier au Camp 113 is a
detailed revelation of a life as a prisoner of the
Vietnamese, revealing the primitive conditions under which
thousands of French prisoners were held.
In 1946, the Vietnamese took several hundred French
prisoners -- both military and civilian. The 1954 Geneva
Accords ending the war required France to withdraw its
colonial government from Indochina, provide for an exchange
of prisoners, repatriation of was dead, and the division of
Vietnam. During the war, the largest group of French
prisoners taken by the Vietnamese was at the famous battle
of Dien Bin Phu on May 8th, 1954. President Eisenhower even
considered the use of atomic weapons to relieve the French
fortress. A total of 6500 French troops surrendered when the
battle was lost.
None of France's war dead from Dien Bin Phu or other battle
sites in North Vietnam, and none of the war dead from prison
camps or military hospitals were repatriated. By contrast,
all French prisoners held by nationalists or Communist
forces in Laos and Cambodia were returned or accounted for.
Much of the French war dead from prison camps occurred
because of the harsh conditions in isolated camps. Prisoners
with severe wounds, such as head, chest and abdominal
wounds, stood little chance of survival in the camps. Many
also died in a death march from Dien Bin Phu -- similar to
Batan in the Philippines during World War Two. And even when
the prisoners were to be exchanged at the end of the war,
they were again force marched and many died.
Reports also surfaced -- as in World War One, World War Two,
Korean and Vietnam -- that POWs were kept as slave labor,
while others were given years of indoctrination into
Marxist-Leninist philosophy. The Soviets also took French
POWs into the Soviet Union.
In 1962, 40 French POWs -- having spent a decade or more in
Vietnamese prison camps -- returned to France and were
immediately charged with desertion and court-martialled.
Some were given sentences of up to five years and no back
pay for the period they were held prisoners in Vietnam. The
same type of treatment was afforded to Robert Garwood, who
returned to the United States in 1979 after being held a
POW. Garwood reported that he saw French prisoners used as
forced laborers in a North Vietnamese dairy farm not far
from Hanoi. Garwood believed the French POWs he saw were
former Legionnaires.
Throughout the years, the Vietnamese would send the remains
of Frenchman home to France -- in small dribbles.
In 1971 - 17 years after the French Indo-China War ended,
the French Foreign Minister declared all unaccounted for
French POW/MIAs in Indochina dead.
The listing of French dead is a bookkeeping entry, used by
the United States immediately after World War One, World War
Two, Korea and Vietnam -- with no evidence of actual deaths,
but a statistical act to reduce government costs of keeping
potential POW/MIAs on the books.
It is said if you do not learn from history, you are bound
to repeat it. The United States did not learn its lessons
after World War One, World War Two, Korea and now it is
paying the price with the lives of American POWs and MIA
still alive in Southeast Asia.
[PROVIDED BY THE FORGET ME NOT'S POW/MIA BBS 908-787-8383]
[FIDONET 107/450]