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OutputStreamWriter.java
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1998-09-22
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/*
* @(#)OutputStreamWriter.java 1.11 98/07/01
*
* Copyright 1995-1998 by Sun Microsystems, Inc.,
* 901 San Antonio Road, Palo Alto, California, 94303, U.S.A.
* All rights reserved.
*
* This software is the confidential and proprietary information
* of Sun Microsystems, Inc. ("Confidential Information"). You
* shall not disclose such Confidential Information and shall use
* it only in accordance with the terms of the license agreement
* you entered into with Sun.
*/
package java.io;
import sun.io.CharToByteConverter;
import sun.io.ConversionBufferFullException;
/**
* Write characters to an output stream, translating characters into bytes
* according to a specified character encoding. Each OutputStreamWriter
* incorporates its own CharToByteConverter, and is thus a bridge from
* character streams to byte streams.
*
* <p> The encoding used by an OutputStreamWriter may be specified by name, by
* providing a CharToByteConverter, or by accepting the default encoding, which
* is defined by the system property <tt>file.encoding</tt>.
*
* <p> Each invocation of a write() method causes the encoding converter to be
* invoked on the given character(s). The resulting bytes are accumulated in a
* buffer before being written to the underlying output stream. The size of
* this buffer may be specified, but by default it is large enough for most
* purposes. Note that the characters passed to the write() methods are not
* buffered. For top efficiency, consider wrapping an OutputStreamWriter
* within a BufferedWriter so as to avoid frequent converter invocations. For
* example,
*
* <pre>
* Writer out
* = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(System.out));
* </pre>
*
* @see BufferedWriter
* @see OutputStream
*
* @version 1.10, 97/01/27
* @author Mark Reinhold
* @since JDK1.1
*/
public class OutputStreamWriter extends Writer {
private CharToByteConverter ctb;
private OutputStream out;
private static final int defaultByteBufferSize = 8192;
private byte bb[];
private int nextByte = 0;
private int nBytes = 0;
/**
* Create an OutputStreamWriter that uses the named character encoding.
*
* @param out An OutputStream
* @param enc Name of the encoding to be used
*
* @exception UnsupportedEncodingException
* If the named encoding is not supported
*/
public OutputStreamWriter(OutputStream out, String enc)
throws UnsupportedEncodingException
{
this(out, CharToByteConverter.getConverter(enc));
}
/**
* Create an OutputStreamWriter that uses the default character encoding.
*
* @param out An OutputStream
*/
public OutputStreamWriter(OutputStream out) {
this(out, CharToByteConverter.getDefault());
}
/**
* Create an OutputStreamWriter that uses the specified character-to-byte
* converter. The converter is assumed to have been reset.
*
* @param out An OutputStream
* @param ctb A CharToByteConverter
*/
private OutputStreamWriter(OutputStream out, CharToByteConverter ctb) {
super(out);
this.out = out;
this.ctb = ctb;
bb = new byte[defaultByteBufferSize];
nBytes = defaultByteBufferSize;
}
/**
* Return the name of the encoding being used by this stream. May return
* null if the stream has been closed.
*/
public String getEncoding() {
synchronized (lock) {
if (ctb != null)
return ctb.getCharacterEncoding();
else
return null;
}
}
/** Check to make sure that the stream has not been closed */
private void ensureOpen() throws IOException {
if (out == null)
throw new IOException("Stream closed");
}
/**
* Write a single character.
*
* @exception IOException If an I/O error occurs
*/
public void write(int c) throws IOException {
char cbuf[] = new char[1];
cbuf[0] = (char) c;
write(cbuf, 0, 1);
}
/**
* Write a portion of an array of characters.
*
* @param cbuf Buffer of characters
* @param off Offset from which to start writing characters
* @param len Number of characters to write
*
* @exception IOException If an I/O error occurs
*/
public void write(char cbuf[], int off, int len) throws IOException {
synchronized (lock) {
ensureOpen();
int ci = off, end = off + len;
while (ci < end) {
boolean bufferFull = false;
try {
nextByte += ctb.convert(cbuf, ci, end,
bb, nextByte, nBytes);
ci = end;
}
catch (ConversionBufferFullException x) {
int nci = ctb.nextCharIndex();
if (nci == ci) {
/* Buffer doesn't even hold one character */
throw new CharConversionException("Output buffer too small");
}
ci = nci;
bufferFull = true;
nextByte = ctb.nextByteIndex();
}
if ((nextByte >= nBytes) || bufferFull) {
out.write(bb, 0, nextByte);
nextByte = 0;
}
}
}
}
/**
* Write a portion of a string.
*
* @param str A String
* @param off Offset from which to start writing characters
* @param len Number of characters to write
*
* @exception IOException If an I/O error occurs
*/
public void write(String str, int off, int len) throws IOException {
char cbuf[] = new char[len];
str.getChars(off, off + len, cbuf, 0);
write(cbuf, 0, len);
}
/**
* Flush the output buffer to the underlying byte stream, without flushing
* the byte stream itself. This method is non-private only so that it may
* be invoked by PrintStream.
*/
void flushBuffer() throws IOException {
synchronized (lock) {
ensureOpen();
for (;;) {
try {
nextByte += ctb.flush(bb, nextByte, nBytes);
}
catch (ConversionBufferFullException x) {
nextByte = ctb.nextByteIndex();
}
if (nextByte == 0)
break;
if (nextByte > 0) {
out.write(bb, 0, nextByte);
nextByte = 0;
}
}
}
}
/**
* Flush the stream.
*
* @exception IOException If an I/O error occurs
*/
public void flush() throws IOException {
synchronized (lock) {
flushBuffer();
out.flush();
}
}
/**
* Close the stream.
*
* @exception IOException If an I/O error occurs
*/
public void close() throws IOException {
synchronized (lock) {
if (out == null)
return;
flush();
out.close();
out = null;
bb = null;
ctb = null;
}
}
}