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Long.java
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/*
* @(#)Long.java 1.34 98/07/07
*
* Copyright 1995-1998 by Sun Microsystems, Inc.,
* 901 San Antonio Road, Palo Alto, California, 94303, U.S.A.
* All rights reserved.
*
* This software is the confidential and proprietary information
* of Sun Microsystems, Inc. ("Confidential Information"). You
* shall not disclose such Confidential Information and shall use
* it only in accordance with the terms of the license agreement
* you entered into with Sun.
*/
package java.lang;
/**
* The Long class wraps a value of the primitive type <code>long</code>
* in an object. An object of type <code>Long</code> contains a single
* field whose type is <code>long</code>.
* <p>
* In addition, this class provides several methods for converting a
* <code>long</code> to a <code>String</code> and a
* <code>String</code> to a <code>long</code>, as well as other
* constants and methods useful when dealing with a
* <code>long</code>.
*
* @author Lee Boynton
* @author Arthur van Hoff
* @version 1.34, 07/07/98
* @since JDK1.0
*/
public final
class Long extends Number {
/**
* The smallest value of type <code>long</code>.
*
* @since JDK1.0
*/
public static final long MIN_VALUE = 0x8000000000000000L;
/**
* The largest value of type <code>long</code>.
*
* @since JDK1.0
*/
public static final long MAX_VALUE = 0x7fffffffffffffffL;
/**
* The Class object representing the primitive type long.
*
* @since JDK1.1
*/
public static final Class TYPE = Class.getPrimitiveClass("long");
/**
* Creates a string representation of the first argument in the
* radix specified by the second argument.
* <p>
* If the radix is smaller than <code>Character.MIN_RADIX</code> or
* larger than <code>Character.MAX_RADIX</code>, then the radix
* <code>10</code> is used instead.
* <p>
* If the first argument is negative, the first element of the
* result is the ASCII minus sign <code>'-'</code>. If the first
* argument is not negative, no sign character appears in the result.
* The following ASCII characters are used as digits:
* <ul><code>
* 0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
* </code></ul>
*
* @param i a long.
* @param radix the radix.
* @return a string representation of the argument in the specified radix.
* @see java.lang.Character#MAX_RADIX
* @see java.lang.Character#MIN_RADIX
* @since JDK1.0
*/
public static String toString(long i, int radix) {
if (radix < Character.MIN_RADIX || radix > Character.MAX_RADIX)
radix = 10;
char[] buf = new char[65];
int charPos = 64;
boolean negative = (i < 0);
if (!negative) {
i = -i;
}
while (i <= -radix) {
buf[charPos--] = Integer.digits[(int)(-(i % radix))];
i = i / radix;
}
buf[charPos] = Integer.digits[(int)(-i)];
if (negative) {
buf[--charPos] = '-';
}
return new String(buf, charPos, (65 - charPos));
}
/**
* Creates a string representation of the long argument as an
* unsigned integer in base 16.
* <p>
* The unsigned long value is the argument plus 2<sup>64</sup> if
* the argument is negative; otherwise, it is equal to the argument.
* This value is converted to a string of ASCII digits in hexadecimal
* (base 16) with no extra leading <code>0</code>s.
*
* @param i a <code>long</code>.
* @return the string representation of the unsigned long value
* represented by the argument in hexadecimal (base 16).
* @since JDK 1.0.2
*/
public static String toHexString(long i) {
return toUnsignedString(i, 4);
}
/**
* Creates a string representation of the long argument as an
* unsigned integer in base 8.
* <p>
* The unsigned long value is the argument plus 2<sup>64</sup> if
* the argument is negative; otherwise, it is equal to the argument.
* This value is converted to a string of ASCII digits in octal
* (base 8) with no extra leading <code>0</code>s.
*
* @param i a <code>long</code>.
* @return the string representation of the unsigned long value
* represented by the argument in octal (base 8).
* @since JDK 1.0.2
*/
public static String toOctalString(long i) {
return toUnsignedString(i, 3);
}
/**
* Creates a string representation of the long argument as an
* unsigned integer in base 2.
* <p>
* The unsigned long value is the argument plus 2<sup>64</sup> if
* the argument is negative; otherwise, it is equal to the argument.
* This value is converted to a string of ASCII digits in binary
* (base 2) with no extra leading <code>0</code>s.
*
* @param i a long.
* @return the string representation of the unsigned long value
* represented by the argument in binary (base 2).
* @since JDK 1.0.2
*/
public static String toBinaryString(long i) {
return toUnsignedString(i, 1);
}
/**
* Convert the integer to an unsigned number.
*/
private static String toUnsignedString(long i, int shift) {
char[] buf = new char[64];
int charPos = 64;
int radix = 1 << shift;
long mask = radix - 1;
do {
buf[--charPos] = Integer.digits[(int)(i & mask)];
i >>>= shift;
} while (i != 0);
return new String(buf, charPos, (64 - charPos));
}
/**
* Returns a new String object representing the specified integer. The radix
* is assumed to be 10.
*
* @param i a <code>long</code> to be converted.
* @return a string representation of the argument in base 10.
* @since JDK1.0
*/
public static String toString(long i) {
return toString(i, 10);
}
/**
* Parses the string argument as a signed <code>long</code> in the
* radix specified by the second argument. The characters in the
* string must all be digits of the specified radix (as determined by
* whether <code>Character.digit</code> returns a
* nonnegative value), except that the first character may be an
* ASCII minus sign <code>'-'</code> to indicate a negative value.
* The resulting <code>long</code> value is returned.
*
* @param s the <code>String</code> containing the
* <code>long</code>.
* @param radix the radix to be used.
* @return the <code>long</code> represented by the string argument in
* the specified radix.
* @exception NumberFormatException if the string does not contain a
* parsable integer.
* @since JDK1.0
*/
public static long parseLong(String s, int radix)
throws NumberFormatException
{
if (s == null) {
throw new NumberFormatException("null");
}
if (radix < Character.MIN_RADIX) {
throw new NumberFormatException("radix " + radix +
" less than Character.MIN_RADIX");
}
if (radix > Character.MAX_RADIX) {
throw new NumberFormatException("radix " + radix +
" greater than Character.MAX_RADIX");
}
long result = 0;
boolean negative = false;
int i = 0, max = s.length();
long limit;
long multmin;
int digit;
if (max > 0) {
if (s.charAt(0) == '-') {
negative = true;
limit = Long.MIN_VALUE;
i++;
} else {
limit = -Long.MAX_VALUE;
}
multmin = limit / radix;
if (i < max) {
digit = Character.digit(s.charAt(i++),radix);
if (digit < 0) {
throw new NumberFormatException(s);
} else {
result = -digit;
}
}
while (i < max) {
// Accumulating negatively avoids surprises near MAX_VALUE
digit = Character.digit(s.charAt(i++),radix);
if (digit < 0) {
throw new NumberFormatException(s);
}
if (result < multmin) {
throw new NumberFormatException(s);
}
result *= radix;
if (result < limit + digit) {
throw new NumberFormatException(s);
}
result -= digit;
}
} else {
throw new NumberFormatException(s);
}
if (negative) {
if (i > 1) {
return result;
} else { /* Only got "-" */
throw new NumberFormatException(s);
}
} else {
return -result;
}
}
/**
* Parses the string argument as a signed decimal <code>long</code>.
* The characters in the string must all be decimal digits, except
* that the first character may be an ASCII minus sign
* <code>'-'</code> to indicate a negative value.
*
* @param s a string.
* @return the <code>long</code> represented by the argument in decimal.
* @exception NumberFormatException if the string does not contain a
* parsable <code>long</code>.
* @since JDK1.0
*/
public static long parseLong(String s) throws NumberFormatException {
return parseLong(s, 10);
}
/**
* Returns a new long object initialized to the value of the
* specified String. Throws an exception if the String cannot be
* parsed as a long.
*
* @param s the <code>String</code> containing the
* <code>long</code>.
* @param radix the radix to be used.
* @return a newly constructed <code>Long</code> initialized to the
* value represented by the string argument in the specified
* radix.
* @exception NumberFormatException If the <code>String</code> does not
* contain a parsable <code>long</code>.
* @since JDK1.0
*/
public static Long valueOf(String s, int radix) throws NumberFormatException {
return new Long(parseLong(s, radix));
}
/**
* Returns a new long object initialized to the value of the
* specified String. Throws an exception if the String cannot be
* parsed as a long. The radix is assumed to be 10.
*
* @param s the string to be parsed.
* @return a newly constructed <code>Long</code> initialized to the
* value represented by the string argument.
* @exception NumberFormatException If the <code>String</code> does not
* contain a parsable <code>long</code>.
* @since JDK1.0
*/
public static Long valueOf(String s) throws NumberFormatException
{
return new Long(parseLong(s, 10));
}
/**
* The value of the Long.
*/
private long value;
/**
* Constructs a newly allocated <code>Long</code> object that
* represents the primitive <code>long</code> argument.
*
* @param value the value to be represented by the <code>Long</code>.
* @since JDK1.0
*/
public Long(long value) {
this.value = value;
}
/**
* Constructs a newly allocated <code>Long</code> object that
* represents the value represented by the string. The string is
* converted to an <code>long</code> value as if by the
* <code>valueOf</code> method.
*
* @param s the string to be converted to a <code>Long</code>.
* @exception NumberFormatException if the <code>String</code> does not
* contain a parsable long integer.
* @see java.lang.Long#valueOf(java.lang.String)
* @since JDK1.0
*/
public Long(String s) throws NumberFormatException {
this.value = parseLong(s, 10);
}
/**
* Returns the value of this Long as a byte.
*
* @since JDK1.1
*/
public byte byteValue() {
return (byte)value;
}
/**
* Returns the value of this Long as a short.
*
* @since JDK1.1
*/
public short shortValue() {
return (short)value;
}
/**
* Returns the value of this Long as an int.
*
* @return the <code>long</code> value represented by this object is
* converted to type <code>int</code> and the result of the
* conversion is returned.
* @since JDK1.0
*/
public int intValue() {
return (int)value;
}
/**
* Returns the value of this Long as a long.
*
* @return the <code>long</code> value represented by this object.
* @since JDK1.0
*/
public long longValue() {
return (long)value;
}
/**
* Returns the value of this Long as a float.
*
* @return the <code>long</code> value represented by this object is
* converted to type <code>float</code> and the result of
* the conversion is returned.
* @since JDK1.0
*/
public float floatValue() {
return (float)value;
}
/**
* Returns the value of this Long as a double.
*
* @return the <code>long</code> value represented by this object that
* is converted to type <code>double</code> and the result of
* the conversion is returned.
* @since JDK1.0
*/
public double doubleValue() {
return (double)value;
}
/**
* Returns a String object representing this Long's value.
*
* @return a string representation of this object in base 10.
* @since JDK1.0
*/
public String toString() {
return String.valueOf(value);
}
/**
* Computes a hashcode for this Long.
*
* @return a hash code value for this object.
* @since JDK1.0
*/
public int hashCode() {
return (int)(value ^ (value >> 32));
}
/**
* Compares this object against the specified object.
* The result is <code>true</code> if and only if the argument is
* not <code>null</code> and is a <code>Long</code> object that
* contains the same <code>long</code> value as this object.
*
* @param obj the object to compare with.
* @return <code>true</code> if the objects are the same;
* <code>false</code> otherwise.
* @since JDK1.0
*/
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if ((obj != null) && (obj instanceof Long)) {
return value == ((Long)obj).longValue();
}
return false;
}
/**
* Determines the <code>long</code> value of the system property
* with the specified name.
* <p>
* The first argument is treated as the name of a system property.
* System properties are accessible through <code>getProperty</code>
* and , a method defined by the <code>System</code> class. The
* string value of this property is then interpreted as a long value
* and a <code>Long</code> object representing this value is returned.
* Details of possible numeric formats can be found with the
* definition of <code>getProperty</code>.
* <p>
* If there is no property with the specified name, or if the
* property does not have the correct numeric format, then
* <code>null</code> is returned.
*
* @param nm property name.
* @return the <code>Long</code> value of the property.
* @see java.lang.System#getProperty(java.lang.String)
* @see java.lang.System#getProperty(java.lang.String, java.lang.String)
* @since JDK1.0
*/
public static Long getLong(String nm) {
SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
if (sm != null)
sm.checkPropertyAccess(nm);
return getLong(nm, null);
}
/**
* Determines the <code>long</code> value of the system property
* with the specified name.
* <p>
* The first argument is treated as the name of a system property.
* System properties are accessible through <code>getProperty</code>
* and , a method defined by the <code>System</code> class. The
* string value of this property is then interpreted as a long value
* and a <code>Long</code> object representing this value is returned.
* Details of possible numeric formats can be found with the
* definition of <code>getProperty</code>.
* <p>
* If there is no property with the specified name, or if the
* property does not have the correct numeric format, then a
* <code>Long</code> object that represents the value of the second
* argument is returned.
*
* @param nm property name.
* @param val default value.
* @return the <code>Long</code> value of the property.
* @see java.lang.System#getProperty(java.lang.String)
* @see java.lang.System#getProperty(java.lang.String, java.lang.String)
* @since JDK1.0
*/
public static Long getLong(String nm, long val) {
SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
if (sm != null)
sm.checkPropertyAccess(nm);
Long result = Long.getLong(nm, null);
return (result == null) ? new Long(val) : result;
}
/**
* Determines the <code>long</code> value of the system property
* with the specified name.
* <p>
* The first argument is treated as the name of a system property.
* System properties are accessible through <code>getProperty</code>
* and , a method defined by the <code>System</code> class. The
* string value of this property is then interpreted as a long value
* and a <code>Long</code> object representing this value is returned.
* <p>
* If the property value begins with "<code>0x</code>" or
* "<code>#</code>", not followed by a minus sign, the rest
* of it is parsed as a hexadecimal integer exactly as for the method
* <code>Long.valueOf</code> with radix 16.
* <p>
* If the property value begins with "<code>0</code>",
* then it is parsed as an octal integer exactly as for the method
* <code>Long.valueOf</code> with radix 8.
* <p>
* Otherwise the property value is parsed as a decimal integer
* exactly as for the method <code>Long.valueOf</code> with radix 10.
* <p>
* Note that, in every case, neither <code>L</code> nor
* <code>l</code> is permitted to appear at the end of the string.
* <p>
* The second argument is the default value. If there is no property
* of the specified name, or if the property does not have the
* correct numeric format, then the second argument is returned.
*
* @param nm the property name.
* @param val the default <code>Long</code> value.
* @return the <code>long</code> value of the property.
* @see java.lang.Long#valueOf(java.lang.String, int)
* @see java.lang.System#getProperty(java.lang.String)
* @see java.lang.System#getProperty(java.lang.String, java.lang.String)
* @since JDK1.0
*/
public static Long getLong(String nm, Long val) {
SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
if (sm != null)
sm.checkPropertyAccess(nm);
String v = System.getProperty(nm);
if (v != null) {
try {
if (v.startsWith("0x")) {
return Long.valueOf(v.substring(2), 16);
}
if (v.startsWith("#")) {
return Long.valueOf(v.substring(1), 16);
}
if (v.startsWith("0") && v.length() > 1) {
return Long.valueOf(v.substring(1), 8);
}
return Long.valueOf(v);
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
}
}
return val;
}
/** use serialVersionUID from JDK 1.0.2 for interoperability */
private static final long serialVersionUID = 4290774380558885855L;
}