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QWIK SCREEN UTILITIES REFERENCE GUIDE Version 5.5 March 4, 1989 Copyright (C) 1988-1989 Eagle Performance Software All Rights Reserved. _______ ____|__ | (tm) --| | |------------------- | ____|__ | Association of | | |_| Shareware |__| o | Professionals -----| | |--------------------- |___|___| MEMBER QWIK Screen Utilities Reference Guide, Version 5.5 T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S 1. INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Common Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2. PROCEDURES AND FUNCTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 EosC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 EosLn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 EosR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 EosToCursor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 EosToRC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 EosToRCrel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 GetCursor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 GetSubModelID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 GotoEos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 GotoRC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 ModCursor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Qattr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 QattrC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 QattrEos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 QEosLn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Qfill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 QfillC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 QfillEos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Qinit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 QreadAttr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 QreadChar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 QreadStr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 QscrollDown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 QscrollUp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 QScrToVscr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 QstoreToMem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 QstoreToScr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 QviewPage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 QVscrToScr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Qwrite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 QwriteA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 QwriteC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 QwriteEos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 QwriteEosA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 QwritePage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 SetCursor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 SetMultiTask . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 StrL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 StrLF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 StrR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 StrRF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 StrRFD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 WhereC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 WhereR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 2 QWIK Screen Utilities Reference Guide, Version 5.5 3. VARIABLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 System Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Video Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Video Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Video Cursor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 3 QWIK Screen Utilities Reference Guide, Version 5.5 1. I N T R O D U C T I O N PURPOSE This document is a QWIK technical reference manual describing each routine and variable in detail in a format similar to the TP manual. The routines are described in alphabetical order. Since this manual is on disk, you can find your interest easily with a search utility. Application - All QWIK procedures will perform in the following applications: . All video text modes - 0, 1, 2, 3 and 7. . Any column mode - 40, 80, or variable. . For IBM PC, XT, AT, PCjr, PC convertible, all PS/2 models, 3270 PC, and compatibles. . With MDA, CGA, EGA, MCGA, VGA, 8214/A, all Hercules video cards. . Perform routines in absolute coordinates rather than window-relative coordinates. . Capitalizes on the use of faster multi-tasking video buffers (MTVB). For window-relative writing routines, see WNDW55.ARC. COMMON PARAMETERS Common Parameters - Most procedures use the same parameters. Rather than repeating them for each routine, detailed descriptions for those parameters are listed below. Screen Coordinates - QWIK routines work in absolute coordinates to give you full control of the screen. The routines do not check for bounds on the screen, so be sure to stay in range. The upper left column on the screen is row 1, column 1, which is also called 1-based. The routines also wrap to the next line; they do not truncate at EOL. For example, Row:=1 and Col:=255 is equivalent to Row:=3 and Col:=15 on a screen with 80 columns. But this is not a recommended practice for variable screen widths. Row/Col - Row and Col were chosen in lieu of the X/Y scheme used in TP. Since QWIK is for only text modes, the screen is treated like a word processor with rows and columns. It is more intuitive to use the X/Y scheme in graphics and the Row/Col scheme for text. ColL/ColR - In the self-centering routines, the left and right columns are simply averaged. To center on the full width of an 80 column display, set ColL:=1 and ColR:=80. To center on a certain column number, set both values equal to that column number. Or, to center on any screen, set ColL:=1 and ColR:=CRTcols. Rows/Cols - Using Rows/Cols is much easier than Row2/Col2 to describe the height and width of a block such as: QstoreToMem (Row,Col,Rows,Cols,MyPtr^); Chapter 1, Introduction Page 4 QWIK Screen Utilities Reference Guide, Version 5.5 Should you decide to move a block, only Row and Col need to be changed, and therefore Rows and Cols don't need to be mentally recalculated and altered. Please keep Cols limited to one row. Zero values will simply exit the routine. aStr - One of the nice improvements since TP 4.0 is that the address of the string, aStr, is always passed onto to the stack no matter if it's a string value or a variable. So, internally, QWIK does not need to copy strings to the stack and thereby increasing speed. The Qwrite* procedures use this address even if hard-coded strings are passed as a parameter. ATTRIBUTES Attr - Use the convenient attribute constants for the foreground and background colors supplied in the unit rather than having to use TP functions or procedures to get a desired color, for example: Qwrite ( 1, 1,White+BlueBG,'My String'); will write the text with white on blue attributes. Of course, you can still use Turbo's TextColor and TextBackground procedures, and then use TextAttr as a parameter. The foreground constants are duplicates of those in TP4: Black = $00; DarkGray = $08; Blue = $01; LightBlue = $09; Green = $02; LightGreen = $0A; Cyan = $03; LightCyan = $0B; Red = $04; LightRed = $0C; Magenta = $05; LightMagenta = $0D; Brown = $06; Yellow = $0E; LightGray = $07; White = $0F; Blink = $80; For convenience, background color constants were included to take advantage of constant folding. BlackBG = $00; BlueBG = $10; GreenBG = $20; CyanBG = $30; RedBG = $40; MagentaBG = $50; BrownBG = $60; LightGrayBG = $70; SameAttr = -1; SameAttr - A powerful and unique feature of all QWIK routines is the use of the constant SameAttr. If SameAttr, or a negative value, is used as an attribute, the routine will suppress any changes to the attributes and use what is currently on the screen. 3270 PC Attributes - Be aware that the 3270 PC ignores the foreground intensity bit, so there are only 8 colors. In addition, 4 colors have Chapter 1, Introduction Page 5 QWIK Screen Utilities Reference Guide, Version 5.5 different tints: PC Color 3270 PC Color ------------ ------------- Cyan Turquoise Magenta Pink Brown Yellow Light Gray White Chapter 1, Introduction Page 6 QWIK Screen Utilities Reference Guide, Version 5.5 2. P R O C E D U R E S A N D F U N C T I O N S In this section, a detailed description is provided for each procedure and function. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- EosC function Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Returns the absolute column of the EOS marker. Declaration EosC Result type byte Screens All video pages and virtual screens. Remarks Operates on the currently written screen. The upper left corner of the screen (1,1). See also EosR, EosToRC, EosToRCrel, EosToCursor, EosLn, GotoEos --------------------------------------------------------------------------- EosLn procedure Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Moves the EOS marker to column 1 of the next row. Declaration EosLn Screens All video pages and virtual screens. Remarks Operates on the currently written screen. EOS Updated. Restrictions EosLn can increment past the last row of a screen, but does not scroll up the screen. See also EosR, EosC, EosToRC, EosToRCrel, EosToCursor, GotoEos, QEosLn --------------------------------------------------------------------------- EosR function Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Returns the absolute row of the EOS marker. Declaration EosR Result type byte Screens All video pages and virtual screens. Remarks Operates on the currently written screen. See also EosC, EosToRC, EosToRCrel, EosToCursor, EosLn, GotoEos --------------------------------------------------------------------------- EosToCursor procedure Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Positions the EOS marker to where the cursor is. Declaration EosToCursor Screens All video pages only. Remarks The EOS marker is simply moved to match the position of the cursor of the currently written video page. EOS Updated. See also EosR, EosC, EosToRC, EosToRCrel, EosLn, GotoEos --------------------------------------------------------------------------- EosToRC procedure Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Positions the EOS marker. Chapter 2, Procedures and Functions Page 7 QWIK Screen Utilities Reference Guide, Version 5.5 Declaration EosToRC (Row, Col: byte) Screens All video pages and virtual screens. Remarks Use this procedure to manually locate the EOS marker. The Q*Eos procedures will write where this marker is located on the currently written screen. EOS Updated. Restrictions Stay within the screen limits. See also EosR, EosC, EosToRCrel, EosToCursor, EosLn, GotoEos --------------------------------------------------------------------------- EosToRCrel procedure Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Positions the EOS marker relative to its current position. Declaration EosToRCrel (Row, Col: integer) Screens All video pages and virtual screens. Remarks The relative values can be positive or negative. The Q*Eos procedures will write where the EOS marker is located on the currently written screen. EOS Updated. Restrictions Stay within the screen limits. See also EosR, EosC, EosToRC, EosToCursor, EosLn, GotoEos --------------------------------------------------------------------------- GetCursor function Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Returns the cursor mode for the CRT. Declaration GetCursor Result type word Screens All video pages only. Remarks There is only one cursor mode variable that applies to what is currently viewed on the CRT and it is retrieved from low memory at $0040:$0060. See also SetCursor, ModCursor --------------------------------------------------------------------------- GetSubModelID procedure Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Gets the SubModelID on IBM computers. Declaration GetSubModelID Remarks The SystemID and SubModelID variables are updated if a SubModelID exists. It will only execute on recent models of XT, AT, and PS/2 models which have this ID. Otherwise the variables will remain unaltered as set by Qinit. Restrictions PC or XT clones must recognize IBM's SystemID. See also QWIK55.DOC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- GotoEos procedure Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Positions the cursor where the EOS marker is. Declaration GotoEos Screens All video pages only. Remarks The cursor is simply moved to match the position of the EOS marker of the currently written video page. EOS Unaltered. Chapter 2, Procedures and Functions Page 8 QWIK Screen Utilities Reference Guide, Version 5.5 See also EosR, EosC, EosToRC, EosToRCrel, EosToCursor, EosLn, GotoRC Example Center a string on the screen and place the cursor at the end of the string: QwriteC (1,1,CRTcols,SameAttr,'My message '); GotoEos; --------------------------------------------------------------------------- GotoRC procedure Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Positions the cursor. Declaration GotoRC (Row, Col: byte) Screens All video pages only. Remarks The cursor is moved to the position absolute to the currently written video page. EOS Unaltered. Restrictions Stay within the screen limits. See also GotoEos, WhereR, WhereC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- ModCursor procedure Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Modifies the current cursor mode to turn on, off, or blink erratically. Declaration ModCursor (Bits13_14: word) Screens Any video page as viewed. Remarks Using the modification constants CursorOn, CursorOff, or CursorBlink for Bits13_14, the currently viewed cursor mode on the CRT will be modified accordingly. The procedure only looks at bits 13 and 14 of Bits13_14 for the modification. The scan lines remain unaltered. See also GetCursor, SetCursor Example To turn the current cursor mode off: ModCursor (CursorOff); --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Qattr procedure Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Changes just the attribute in a rows-by-columns block on the screen. Declaration Qattr (Row,Col,Rows,Cols: byte; Attr: integer) Screens All video pages and virtual screens. Remarks The upper left corner of the block starts at (Row,Col) and the block size is Rows by Cols. Note that you can even change 1 row and/or 1 column. If SameAttr is used for Attr or if Rows or Cols is zero, then nothing is written. EOS Updated. Restrictions Stay within the screen limits. See also QattrC, QattrEos Example To create inverse video on any screen: Qattr (1,1,CRTrows,CRTcols,Black+LightGrayBG); Chapter 2, Procedures and Functions Page 9 QWIK Screen Utilities Reference Guide, Version 5.5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- QattrC procedure Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Changes just the attribute in a rows-by-columns block on the screen and centers it between two columns. Declaration QattrC (Row,ColL,ColR,Rows,Cols: byte; Attr: integer) Screens All video pages and virtual screens. Remarks The upper left corner of the block starts at (Row,(ColL+ColR-Cols+1) shr 1) with a block size of Rows by Cols and centering it between the two columns ColL and ColR. Odd counts are shifted left. If SameAttr is used for Attr or if Rows or Cols is zero, then nothing is written. EOS Updated. Restrictions Stay within the screen limits. See also Qattr, QattrEos Example A 30 character message centered on the screen in row 15, needs to be white on green: QattrC (15,1,CRTcols,1,30,White+GreenBG); The attribute will start to be changed in column 26 on an 80 column screen. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- QattrEos procedure Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Changes just the attribute in a rows-by-columns block on the current screen starting at the EOS marker. Declaration QattrEos (Rows,Cols: byte; Attr: integer) Screens All video pages and virtual screens. Remarks The upper left corner of the block starts at the previously set EOS marker and the block size is Rows by Cols. If SameAttr is used for Attr or if Rows or Cols is zero, then nothing is written. Restrictions Stay within the screen limits. EOS Updated. See also Qattr, QattrC Example To highlight a 20 column data entry field at the EOS marker with yellow on magenta: QattrEos (1,20,Yellow+MagentaBG); --------------------------------------------------------------------------- QEosLn procedure Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Moves the EOS marker to column 1 of the next row with a possible scroll up. Declaration QEosLn Screens All video pages and virtual screens. Remarks Operates on the currently written screen. If EosR becomes greater than CRTrows, then the screen will scroll up. The new blank row will have the attribute set by ScrollAttr which must be manually set before hand. EOS Updated to first cleared column of the cleared row. See also EosR, EosC, EosToRC, EosToRCrel, EosToCursor, GotoEos, EosLn Chapter 2, Procedures and Functions Page 10 QWIK Screen Utilities Reference Guide, Version 5.5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Qfill procedure Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Fills the screen with a character with an optional attribute change in a rows-by-columns block on the current screen. Declaration Qfill (Row,Col,Rows,Cols: byte; Attr: integer; Ch: char) Screens All video pages and virtual screens. Remarks The upper left corner of the block starts at (Row,Col) and the block size is Rows by Cols. If SameAttr is used for Attr, then the attribute will remain the same on the screen. If Rows or Cols is zero, then nothing is written. EOS Updated. Restrictions Stay within the screen limits. See also QfillC, QfillEos Example To clear the screen with black on brown attribute: Qfill (1,1,CRTrows,CRTcols,Black+BrownBG,' '); --------------------------------------------------------------------------- QfillC procedure Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Fills the screen with a character and an optional attribute change in a rows-by-columns block on the current screen and centers it between two columns. Declaration QfillC (Row,ColL,ColR,Rows,Cols: byte; Attr: integer; Ch: char) Screens All video pages and virtual screens. Remarks The upper left corner of the block starts at (Row,(ColL+ColR-Cols+1) shr 1) with a block size of Rows by Cols and centered between the two columns ColL and ColR. Odd counts are shifted left. If SameAttr is used for Attr, then the attribute will remain the same on the screen. If Rows or Cols is zero, then nothing is written. EOS Updated. Restrictions Stay within the screen limits. See also Qfill, QfillEos Example Center 20 dashes on the screen in rows 1 to 5 with black on brown attributes: QfillC (1,1,CRTcols,5,20,Black+BrownBG,'-'); --------------------------------------------------------------------------- QfillEos procedure Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Fills the screen with a character with an optional attribute change in a rows-by-columns block on the current screen starting at the Eos marker. Declaration QfillEos (Rows,Cols: byte; Attr: integer; Ch: char) Screens All video pages and virtual screens. Remarks The upper left corner of the block starts at the previously set EOS marker and the block size is Rows by Cols. If SameAttr is used for Attr, then the attribute will remain the same on the screen. If Rows or Cols is zero, then nothing is written. Chapter 2, Procedures and Functions Page 11 QWIK Screen Utilities Reference Guide, Version 5.5 EOS Updated. Restrictions Stay within the screen limits. See also Qfill, QfillC Example To clear a 20 column data entry field at the EOS marker with yellow on magenta: QfillEos (1,20,Yellow+MagentaBG,' '); --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Qinit procedure Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Detects system, display, and video card(s). Initializes global data for QWIK routines. Declaration Qinit Remarks Qinit is executed at startup. Qinit only needs to be run again if there is a text mode change. EOS Set to (1,1). See also QWIK55.DOC, QINITEST.PAS, VARIABLES section below. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- QreadAttr function Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Reads an attribute from the current screen. Declaration QreadAttr (Row, Col: byte) Result type byte Screens All video pages and virtual screens. Remarks Reads an attribute from the screen at just one location. EOS Unaltered. See also QreadChar, QreadStr --------------------------------------------------------------------------- QreadChar function Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Reads a character from the current screen. Declaration QreadChar (Row, Col: byte) Result type byte Screens All video pages and virtual screens. Remarks Reads a character from the screen at just one location. EOS Unaltered. See also QreadAttr, QreadStr --------------------------------------------------------------------------- QreadStr function Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Reads a text string from the current screen. Declaration QreadStr (Row,Col,Cols: byte) Result type string Screens All video pages and virtual screens. Remarks Reads a string of characters from the screen. EOS Unaltered. See also QreadAttr, QreadChar Chapter 2, Procedures and Functions Page 12 QWIK Screen Utilities Reference Guide, Version 5.5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- QscrollDown procedure Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Scrolls a rows-by-columns block down on the current screen and clears the top row of the block. Declaration QscrollDown (Row,Col,Rows,Cols: byte; BlankAttr: integer) Screens All video pages and virtual screens. Remarks To keep it simple, the block encompasses all affected rows including the row to be cleared. The upper left corner of the block starts at (Row,Col) and the block size is Rows by Cols. The bottom row will be scrolled out and lost while the top row will be cleared with the attribute of BlankAttr (SameAttr is permitted). Note that you can even change 1 row and/or 1 column. The cursor is not moved, but is ready to be moved with GotoEos. The CpuID lets the routine choose the best speed. EOS Updated to first cleared column of the cleared row. Restrictions Stay within the screen limits. See also QscrollUp, GotoEos Example To scroll down the entire screen and clear the top row with light cyan on blue: QscrollDown (1,1,CRTrows,CRTcols,LightCyan+BlueBG); --------------------------------------------------------------------------- QscrollUp procedure Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Scrolls a rows-by-columns block up on the current screen and clears the bottom row of the block. Declaration QscrollUp (Row,Col,Rows,Cols: byte; BlankAttr: integer) Screens All video pages and virtual screens. Remarks To keep it simple, the block encompasses all affected rows including the row to be cleared. The upper left corner of the block starts at (Row,Col) and the block size is Rows by Cols. The first row will be scrolled out and lost while the last row will be cleared with the attribute of BlankAttr (SameAttr is permitted). Note that you can even change 1 row and/or 1 column. The cursor is not moved, but is ready to be moved with GotoEos. The CpuID lets the routine choose the best speed. EOS Updated to first cleared column of the cleared row. Restrictions Stay within the screen limits. See also QscrollDown, GotoEos Example To scroll up the entire screen and clear the last row with light cyan on blue: QscrollUp (1,1,CRTrows,CRTcols,LightCyan+BlueBG); --------------------------------------------------------------------------- QScrToVscr procedure Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Copies a rows-by-columns block on the current screen to another location on a virtual screen. Declaration QScrToVscr (Row,Col,Rows,Cols, Chapter 2, Procedures and Functions Page 13 QWIK Screen Utilities Reference Guide, Version 5.5 Vrow,Vcol,Vwidth: byte; VAR VScrPtr); Screens All video pages and virtual screens. Remarks Row, Col, Rows, and Cols locates the block on the current screen (Scr) as specified by QScrRec. This block will be copied to the virtual screen (Vscr) at the location of Vrow and Vcol. But since Vscr may have a different column width than Scr, Vwidth sets the width. VScrPtr is the base address of the virtual screen. By changing QScrRec, you can even copy blocks from one virtual screen to another! Only the Scr side checks for possible snow. EOS Unaltered. Restrictions Stay within the screen limits. Not intended for copying between video pages (esp. CGA). See also QVscrToScr Example Copy a 12x40 block from the CRT screen at (5,10) to a virtual screen at (3,2) and look at the result on the CRT: uses Qwik; const VScrRows = 20; VScrCols = 60; var { Storage size required is: Rows * Cols shl 1 } VScr: array[1..VScrRows] of array[1..VScrCols] of word; { 20 x 60 virtual screen } CRTrec,VScrRec: VScrRecType; begin with VScrRec do { create specs for virtual screen } begin Vrows := VScrRows; Vcols := VScrCols; Vsize := sizeof (VScr); Vsnow := false; { Qwikest when false } VEosOfs := 0; VScrPtr := @VScr; end; Qfill (1,1,CRTrows,CRTcols,White+BlueBG,'*'); { Fill CRT } CRTrec := QScrRec; { Save CRT specs } QScrRec := VScrRec; { Set virtual specs } Qfill (1,1,VScrRows,VScrCols,Black+BrownBG,'?'); { Fill VScr } QScrRec := CRTrec; { Restore CRT specs } QScrToVscr (5,10,12,40,3,2,VScrCols,VScr); { Copy Block } QstoreToScr (1,1,VScrRows,VScrCols,VScr); { Take a look } end. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- QstoreToMem procedure Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Saves a rows-by-columns block from the current screen to memory. Declaration QstoreToMem (Row,Col,Rows,Cols: byte; VAR Dest); Screens All video pages and virtual screens. Remarks Row, Col, Rows, and Cols locates the block on the current screen as specified by QScrRec. This block will be copied to Dest, the destination, as one long array. By changing Chapter 2, Procedures and Functions Page 14 QWIK Screen Utilities Reference Guide, Version 5.5 QScrRec, you can even save blocks from virtual screens! Be sure to set Qsnow to false for the fastest speed on virtual screens. EOS Unaltered. Restrictions Stay within the screen limits. Not intended for copying between video pages (esp. CGA). See also QstoreToScr Example Save a 12x40 block from the CRT screen at (5,10), clear the screen, and restore the block: uses qwik; const MemRows = 12; MemCols = 40; var { Storage size required is: Rows * Cols shl 1 } SavedBlock: array[1..MemRows] of array[1..MemCols] of word; { 12 x 40 block } begin Qfill (1,1,CRTrows,CRTcols,White+BlueBG,'*'); { Fill CRT } QstoreToMem (5,10,MemRows,MemCols,SavedBlock); { Save Block } Qfill (1,1,CRTrows,CRTcols,Yellow+BlackBG,' '); { Clear CRT } QstoreToScr (5,10,MemRows,MemCols,SavedBlock); { Take a look } end. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- QstoreToScr procedure Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Writes a rows-by-columns block to the current screen from memory. Declaration QstoreToScr (Row,Col,Rows,Cols: byte; VAR Source); Screens All video pages and virtual screens. Remarks Row and Col locates the upper left corner of the block on the current screen as specified by QScrRec. A block will be written from Source, which is one long array, and placed on the screen as a Rows-by-Cols block. By changing QScrRec, you can even place blocks to virtual screens! Be sure to set Qsnow to false for the fastest speed on virtual screens. EOS Unaltered. Restrictions Stay within the screen limits. Not intended for copying between video pages (esp. CGA). See also QstoreToMem Example Save a 12x40 block from the CRT screen at (5,10) in the heap, clear the screen, and restore the block: uses qwik; const MemRows = 12; MemCols = 40; type { Storage size required is: Rows * Cols shl 1 } BlockArray = array[1..MemRows] of array[1..MemCols] of word; { 12 x 40 block } var BlockPtr: ^BlockArray; Chapter 2, Procedures and Functions Page 15 QWIK Screen Utilities Reference Guide, Version 5.5 begin Qfill (1,1,CRTrows,CRTcols,White+BlueBG,'*'); { Fill CRT } GetMem (BlockPtr,sizeof(BlockArray)); { Reserve heap } QstoreToMem (5,10,MemRows,MemCols,BlockPtr^); { Save Block } Qfill (1,1,CRTrows,CRTcols,Yellow+BlackBG,' '); { Clear CRT } QstoreToScr (5,10,MemRows,MemCols,BlockPtr^); { Take a look } FreeMem (BlockPtr,sizeof(BlockArray)); { Free heap } end. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- QviewPage procedure Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Changes the video page to be viewed on the CRT. Declaration QviewPage (PageNum: byte) Screens All video pages. Remarks Standard TP routines are dedicated only to video page 0. However, most video cards, except MDA and some 3270 PC, have more than one video page. This procedure enables you to view those pages. The number of video pages available is detected by Qinit and saved in MaxPage. PageNum is 0-based and the routine will only view other pages when PageNum<=MaxPage. VideoPage is the currently viewed page. EOS Unaltered. See also QwritePage, QWIK55.DOC, QINITEST.PAS --------------------------------------------------------------------------- QVscrToScr procedure Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Copies a rows-by-columns block from a virtual screen to another location on the current screen. Declaration QVscrToScr (Row,Col,Rows,Cols, Vrow,Vcol,Vwidth: byte; VAR VScrPtr); Screens All video pages and virtual screens. Remarks Row, Col, Rows, and Cols locates the destination on the current screen (Scr) as specified by QScrRec. A block will be copied from the virtual screen (Vscr) at the location of Vrow and Vcol. But since Vscr may have a different column width than Scr, Vwidth sets the width. VScrPtr is the base address of the virtual screen. By changing QScrRec, you can even copy blocks from one virtual screen to another! Only the Scr side checks for possible snow. EOS Unaltered. Restrictions Stay within the screen limits. Not intended for copying between video pages (esp. CGA). See also QScrToVscr Example Copy a 12x40 block from the CRT screen at (5,10) to a virtual screen at (3,2) and look at the result on the CRT: uses Qwik; const VScrRows = 20; VScrCols = 60; var { Storage size required is: Rows * Cols shl 1 } Chapter 2, Procedures and Functions Page 16 QWIK Screen Utilities Reference Guide, Version 5.5 VScr: array[1..VScrRows] of array[1..VScrCols] of word; { 20 x 60 virtual screen } CRTrec,VScrRec: VScrRecType; begin with VScrRec do { create specs for virtual screen } begin Vrows := VScrRows; Vcols := VScrCols; Vsize := sizeof (Vscr); Vsnow := false; { Qwikest when false } VEosOfs := 0; VScrPtr := @VScr; end; Qfill (1,1,CRTrows,CRTcols,White+BlueBG,'*'); { Fill CRT } CRTrec := QScrRec; { Save CRT specs } QScrRec := VScrRec; { Set virtual specs } Qfill (1,1,VScrRows,VScrCols,Black+BrownBG,'?'); { Fill VScr } QScrRec := CRTrec; { Restore CRT specs } QScrToVscr (5,10,12,40,3,2,VScrCols,VScr); { Copy Block } QstoreToScr (1,1,VScrRows,VScrCols,VScr); { Take a look } end. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Qwrite procedure Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Writes a string to the current screen with an optional attribute change. Declaration Qwrite (Row,Col: byte; Attr: integer; aStr: string) Screens All video pages and virtual screens. Remarks This routine writes the string aStr at (Row,Col) with the attribute Attr. If SameAttr is used for Attr, then the attribute will remain the same on the screen. EOS Updated. Restrictions Stay within the screen limits. See also QwriteC, QwriteA, QwriteEos, QwriteEosA Example Write the string "Important" at (2,1) with the attribute of flashing white on red: Qwrite (2,1,Blink+White+RedBG,'Important'); --------------------------------------------------------------------------- QwriteA procedure Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Writes an array (or string) with a specified length to the current screen with an optional attribute change. Declaration QwriteA (Row,Col: byte; Attr: integer; ArrayLength: word; VAR aStr) Screens All video pages and virtual screens. Remarks This routine writes the array aStr at (Row,Col) with the attribute Attr for the number of columns specified by ArrayLength. This enables you to write substrings when specifying a starting index (aStr[i]). (Other routines like Qwrite assume the length is the value at aStr[0] and the starting index is aStr[1].) Of course, aStr doesn't have to Chapter 2, Procedures and Functions Page 17 QWIK Screen Utilities Reference Guide, Version 5.5 be a string - it can be any type variable or address in memory. If SameAttr is used for Attr, then the attribute will remain the same on the screen. EOS Updated. Restrictions Stay within the screen limits. See also Qwrite, QwriteC, QwriteEos, QwriteEosA Example The following will write "Testing out this line." with the existing screen attributes: MyString:='Step B: Testing out this line.'; QwriteA (1,1,SameAttr,22,MyString[9]); --------------------------------------------------------------------------- QwriteC procedure Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Writes a string to the current screen with an optional attribute change and centered between two columns. Declaration QwriteC (Row,ColL,ColR: byte; Attr: integer; aStr: string) Screens All video pages and virtual screens. Remarks This routine writes the string aStr at (Row,(ColL+ColR- aStr[0]+1) shr 1) which centers it between the two columns ColL and ColR and has the attribute Attr. If SameAttr is used for Attr, then the attribute will remain the same on the screen. EOS Updated. Restrictions Stay within the screen limits. See also Qwrite, QwriteA, QwriteEos, QwriteEosA Example Write a message centered on the screen in row 15 with black on green attributes: QwriteC (15,1,CRTcols,White+GreenBG,'My message'); The message will be written in column 36 on an 80 column screen. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- QwriteEos procedure Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Writes a string to the current screen with an optional attribute change starting at the EOS marker. Declaration QwriteEos (Attr: integer; aStr: string) Screens All video pages and virtual screens. Remarks This routine writes the string aStr at the EOS marker with the attribute Attr. If SameAttr is used for Attr, then the attribute will remain the same on the screen. EOS Updated. Restrictions Stay within the screen limits. See also Qwrite, QwriteA, QwriteC, QwriteEosA Example Highlight the number in the following message: Qwrite ( 1, 1,White+BlueBG ,'There are'); QwriteEos ( Yellow+BlueBG,' 5 '); QwriteEos ( White+BlueBG ,'minutes left.'); Chapter 2, Procedures and Functions Page 18 QWIK Screen Utilities Reference Guide, Version 5.5 which will write "There are 5 minutes left." as white on blue except "5" will be yellow on blue. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- QwriteEosA procedure Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Writes an array (or string) with a specified length to the current screen with an optional attribute change starting at the EOS marker. Declaration QwriteEosA (Attr: integer; ArrayLength: word; VAR aStr) Screens All video pages and virtual screens. Remarks This routine writes the array aStr at the previously set EOS marker with the attribute Attr for the number of columns specified by ArrayLength. This enables you to write substrings when specifying a starting index (aStr[i]). (Other routines like QwriteEos assume the length is the value at aStr[0] and the starting index is aStr[1].) Of course, aStr doesn't have to be a string - it can be any type variable or address in memory. If SameAttr is used for Attr, then the attribute will remain the same on the screen. EOS Updated. Restrictions Stay within the screen limits. See also QwriteA, QwriteC, QwriteEos, QwriteEos Example The following will write "Testing Step B" with the existing screen attributes: MyString:='Step B: Testing out this line.'; QwriteA (1,5,SameAttr, 8,MyString[9]); QwriteEosA ( SameAttr, 6,MyString[1]); --------------------------------------------------------------------------- QwritePage procedure Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Changes the video page on which the QWIK routines write. Declaration QwritePage (PageNum: byte) Screens All video pages. Remarks Standard TP routines are dedicated to only video page 0. However, most video cards, except MDA and some 3270 PC, have more than one video page. This procedure enables QWIK routines to write to those pages by altering QScrOfs and QvideoPage which is the current page on which QWIK is writing. The number of video pages available is detected by Qinit and saved in MaxPage. The routine will only change pages when PageNum<=MaxPage. EOS Unaltered. See also QviewPage, QWIK55.DOC, QINITEST.PAS --------------------------------------------------------------------------- SetCursor procedure Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Sets a new cursor mode for the CRT. Declaration SetCursor (Cursor: word) Screens Any video page as viewed. Remarks Using the default cursor variables set by Qinit and/or the cursor constants, a new cursor mode can be set by with any Chapter 2, Procedures and Functions Page 19 QWIK Screen Utilities Reference Guide, Version 5.5 combination of: CursorInitial - detected by Qinit at startup CursorUnderline - set by Qinit CursorHalfBlock - set by Qinit CursorBlock - set by Qinit CursorOff ($2000) - turns cursor off CursorBlink ($6000) - erratic blinking (MDA/CGA) You can simply add them together (logically is best to prevent carry errors, but arithmetic is fine). Although a separate cursor location is kept for each video page, there is only one cursor mode for the CRT screen. See also GetCursor, ModCursor Example 1 Set a half-block cursor with erratic blink: SetCursor (CursorHalfBlock+CursorBlink); Example 2 Set the scan lines for a block cursor, but leave it turned off: SetCursor (CursorBlock+CursorOff); Example 3 Restore the cursor mode at start up and be sure it's turned on: SetCursor (CursorInitial); ModCursor (CursorOn); or, for those comfortable with bit operations: SetCursor (CursorInitial and not CursorBlink); --------------------------------------------------------------------------- SetMultiTask procedure Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Set QWIK variables to write direct to multi-tasking video buffers (MTVB). Declaration SetMultiTask Remarks This procedure alters the following variables if the program is running under a multi-tasking environment and the user has chosen to use the faster MTVB. If there is no multi- tasking environment or the MTVB is not used (normal direct screen video), then these variables are unaltered. If you use the CRT unit, be sure to set DirectVideo to false when using the MTVB. QScrPtr - the segment is altered, but the offset is usually 0. Page0Seg - set to match QSegPtr to indicate page 0. Qsnow - set to false. InMultiTask - True if using MTVB, else false. See also InMultiTask in VARIABLES section below. Chapter 2, Procedures and Functions Page 20 QWIK Screen Utilities Reference Guide, Version 5.5 Example Search for locations in the *.PAS demonstration files. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- StrL function Strs --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Returns a LongInt converted into a string. Declaration StrL (L: LongInt) Result type string Remarks Uses the standard Str procedure to get result. See also StrLF, StrR, StrRF, StrRFD Example The following writes "-12345" on the screen: { var MyNum: integer; } MyNum := -12345; Qwrite ( 1, 1,SameAttr,StrL(MyNum)); --------------------------------------------------------------------------- StrLF function Strs --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Returns a LongInt converted into a string and formatted to be right justified in a fixed field. Declaration StrLF (L: LongInt; Field: integer) Result type string Remarks Uses the standard Str procedure to get result. See also StrL, StrR, StrRF, StrRFD Example The following writes " -12345" on the screen: { var MyNum: integer; } MyNum := -12345; Qwrite ( 1, 1,SameAttr,StrLF(MyNum,8)); --------------------------------------------------------------------------- StrR function Strs --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Returns a Real converted into a string. Declaration StrR (R: Real) Result type string Remarks Uses the standard Str procedure to get result. See also StrL, StrLF, StrRF, StrRFD Example The following writes "-1.2345560000E+04" on the screen: { var MyNum: real; } MyNum := -12345.56 Qwrite ( 1, 1,SameAttr,StrR(MyNum)); --------------------------------------------------------------------------- StrRF function Strs --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Returns a Real converted into a string and formatted to be right justified in a fixed field. Declaration StrRF (R: Real; Field: integer) Result type string Remarks Uses the standard Str procedure to get result. See also StrL, StrLF, StrR, StrRFD Example The following writes "-1.2346E+04" on the screen: Chapter 2, Procedures and Functions Page 21 QWIK Screen Utilities Reference Guide, Version 5.5 { var MyNum: real; } MyNum := -12345.56 Qwrite ( 1, 1,SameAttr,StrRF(MyNum,11)); --------------------------------------------------------------------------- StrRFD function Strs --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Returns a Real converted into a string and formatted to be right justified in a fixed field with a fixed number of numbers to the right of the decimal. Declaration StrRFD (R: Real; Field,Decimal: integer) Result type string Remarks Uses the standard Str procedure to get result. See also StrL, StrLF, StrR, StrRF Example The following writes " -12345.6" on the screen: { var MyNum: real; } MyNum := -12345.56 Qwrite ( 1, 1,SameAttr,StrRFD(MyNum,10,1)); --------------------------------------------------------------------------- WhereC function Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Returns the absolute column of the cursor on the currently written video page. Declaration WhereC Result type byte Screens All video pages only. Remarks Operates on the currently written video page. The upper left corner of the screen (1,1). See also GotoRC, WhereR --------------------------------------------------------------------------- WhereR function Qwik --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Returns the absolute row of the cursor on the currently written video page. Declaration WhereR Result type byte Screens All video pages only. Remarks Operates on the currently written video page. The upper left corner of the screen (1,1). See also GotoRC, WhereC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Chapter 2, Procedures and Functions Page 22 QWIK Screen Utilities Reference Guide, Version 5.5 3. V A R I A B L E S The variables in QWIK.TPU are initialized according to the the kind of system, display(s), and video adapter(s) that Qinit detects. QWIK uses them for reference and they may also be used in your own programming to help make decisions. SYSTEM HARDWARE System Hardware Variables - These variables indicate the kind of computer that Qinit detected: Variable Description ------------ ----------------------------------------------------------- CpuID (Type: Byte) Intel CPU identification code. CpuID can be any one of the following four constants: Cpu8086 - Intel 8086/8088 Cpu80186 - Intel 80186/80188 Cpu80286 - Intel 80286 Cpu80386 - Intel 80386 SystemID (Type: Byte) Code for the IBM computer in use and is set by Qinit. See SubModelID for values. SubModelID (Type: Byte) Code for the sub-model of the IBM computer in use. This value defaults to 0 the first time Qinit is run. To get a value, execute GetSubModelID. SysID Sub-Model SYSTEM ----- --------- ------------------------------ $FF n/a IBM PC $FE n/a IBM PC XT $FD n/a IBM PCjr $FC n/a IBM PC AT (6 MHz, 01/10/84) $00 IBM PC AT (6 MHz, 06/10/85) $01 IBM PC AT (8 MHz, 11/15/85) $02 IBM PC XT (286) $04 IBM PS/2 model 50 $05 IBM PS/2 model 60 $FB $00 IBM PC XT (256/640) $FA $00 IBM PS/2 model 30 $01 IBM PS/2 model 25 $F9 $00 IBM PC Convertible $F8 $00 IBM PS/2 model 80 (16 MHz) $04 IBM PS/2 model 80 (20 MHz) $09 IBM PS/2 model 70 (16 MHz) Chapter 3, Variables Page 23 QWIK Screen Utilities Reference Guide, Version 5.5 VIDEO HARDWARE Video Hardware Variables - These variables indicate the kind of video card(s) and display(s) that Qinit detected: Variable Description ------------- ---------------------------------------------------------- ActiveDispDev (Type: Byte) Code for the Active Display Device. Using IBM's Display Combination Code (DCC), Qinit detects the video adapter combined with the video display. The codes have been set to the following constants. Note that monochrome is odd and color is even: Constant Code Description ----------- ----- -------------------------------- NoDisplay $00 No display MdaMono $01 MDA with 5151 monochrome display CgaColor $02 CGA with 5153/4 color display DCC3 $03 reserved EgaColor $04 EGA with 5153/4 color EgaMono $05 EGA with 5151 monochrome PgcColor $06 PGC with 5175 color VgaMono $07 VGA with analog monochrome VgaColor $08 VGA with analog color DCC9 $09 reserved DCC10 $0A reserved McgaMono $0B MCGA with analog monochrome McgaColor $0C MCGA with analog color n/a $0D to $FE - reserved Unknown $FF unknown device ActiveDispDev3270 (Type: Byte) Code for the Active Display Device on the 3270 PC. Only the $FF code corresponds to the constant "Unknown". Code Monitor Adapter ---- ------------ --------------------- $00 5151 or 5272 for 5151 or 5272 $01 3295 for 3295 $02 5151 or 5272 for 5151 or 5272 plus XGA graphics $03 5279 3270 PC G $04 5379 C01 3270 PC GX $05 5379 M01 3270 PC GX $06 reserved $07 reserved $FF Unknown, not a 3270 PC AltDispDev (Type: Byte) Code for the Alternate Display Device. This code is detected by Qinit for a second, but inactive adapter and display, just in case there are dual monitors. It uses the same constants as ActiveDispDev listed above. AltDispDevPCC (Type: Word) Code for the Alternate Display adapter on the PC Convertible. In hex, it corresponds to the model number Chapter 3, Variables Page 24 QWIK Screen Utilities Reference Guide, Version 5.5 of the attached device: Model Description ----- -------------------- $ 0 No alternate adapter $5140 LCD $5153 CGA type $5151 Monochrome type CardSeg (Type: Word) Video segment address of the video "card" as detected by Qinit. CardSnow (Type: Boolean) Set to true for wait-for-retrace for the video "card" as detected by Qinit. EgaInfo (Type: Byte) Absolute variable at $0040:$0087 has the following information when the EGA (or VGA) is present: Bits Description ---- ------------------------------------------- 7 (0) Clear, (1) Keep video data after video mode set 6,5 (00) 64k, (01), 128k, (10) 192k, (11) 256k, memory on the card. 4 Reserved 3 (0) EGA active, (1) EGA not active 2 (0) Disable, (1) Enable wait-for-display 1 (0) CD/ECD (1) MD attached 0 (0) Active, (1) Inactive CD emulation EgaSwitches (Type: Byte) By checking the value of this byte, you can determine the monitor connected to the EGA, the alternate video system, and the start up default. The byte is a copy of how the dip switches are set on the card where on=0 and off=1. The primary is the default. When the ECD is set for 640x200, it is emulating the CD including the cursor mode. Qinit directly tests for the alternate device rather than assuming it. Switch Primary Secondary -------- ------------------- ------------------- 0000 = 0 MDA + MD EGA + CD - 40x25 0001 = 1 MDA + MD EGA + CD - 80x25 0010 = 2 MDA + MD EGA + ECD (640x200) 0011 = 3 MDA + MD EGA + ECD (640x350) 0100 = 4 CGA + CD - 40x25 EGA + MD 0101 = 5 CGA + CD - 80x25 EGA + MD 0110 = 6 EGA + CD - 40x25 MDA + MD 0111 = 7 EGA + CD - 80x25 MDA + MD 1000 = 8 EGA + ECD (640x200) MDA + MD 1001 = 9 EGA + ECD (640x350) MDA + MD 1010 =10 EGA + MD CGA + CD - 40x25 1011 =11 EGA + MD CGA + CD - 80x25 Have3270 (Type: Boolean) If Qinit detects 3270 PC equipment or Chapter 3, Variables Page 25 QWIK Screen Utilities Reference Guide, Version 5.5 software, this variable is set to true. In addition, the ActiveDispDev is either MdaMono or CgaColor. Note that there may or may not be graphics capability in either case; Qinit is not meant to detect graphics. See ActiveDispDev3270 for codes. HavePS2 (Type: Boolean) Qinit sets HavePS2 to true if the DCC is supported. This means that the program has detected a PS/2 video card whether it is integrated on a model 30, a PS/2 Display Adapter installed on an IBM XT, or the like. It also means that either MCGA or VGA is present, but not necessarily active. To know which, just check the DCC. HercModel (Type: Byte) Model of the attached Hercules video card. If no card is detected, then HercModel=NoHerc. Constant Code Description ---------- ---- --------------------- NoHerc 0 No Hercules card HgcMono 1 HGC HgcPlus 2 HGC Plus HercInColor 3 Hercules InColor Card MaxPage (Type: Byte) Maximum possible 0-based video page number. See TABLE 1 in QWIK55.DOC for ranges. VIDEO SOFTWARE Video Software Variables - These variables indicate the current video mode and screen characteristics to which QWIK is writing and what is being viewed on the CRT. There are several absolute variables listed that duplicate some of the global variables like CRTcolumns and CRTcols. It is preferable to use the global ones, where the absolute ones are only needed for handling exceptions. Variable Description ------------ ----------------------------------------------------------- CRTcols (Type: Byte) Global variable equal to CRTcolumns. CRTcolumns (Type: Word) Absolute variable directly accesses the 1- based currently viewed number of CRT columns for any card or video mode. CRTrows (Type: Byte) 1-based number of CRT rows for any card or video mode. EgaFontSize (Type: Word) Absolute variable directly accesses the 1- based number of horizontal scan lines per character for EGA/MCGA/VGA. EgaRows (Type: Byte) Absolute variable directly accesses the 0- based number of rows on the current screen for EGA, MCGA, and VGA. This number is used to make CRTrows which is handled by Qinit. Chapter 3, Variables Page 26 QWIK Screen Utilities Reference Guide, Version 5.5 InMultiTask (Type: Boolean) This flag indicates if MTVB is being used for the screen in lieu of the normal screen. It defaults to false and is possibly altered with SetMultiTask if the multitasking software has be instructed to expect writing direct to the MTVB (not direct screen). Page0seg (Type: Word) Segment for the base page, page 0. In multi- tasking environments, change this value to its video display buffer. QScrSeg and QScrOfs should also be set. QEosOfs (Type: Word) 0-base offset where a Q*Eos procedure will write. QScrSeg (Type: Word) Segment for QWIK writing which is altered when changing pages. QScrSeg=Page0seg on page 0. QScrOfs (Type: Word) Offset for QWIK writing needed for virtual screens. The usual value is 0 for the video pages. QScrPtr (Type: Pointer) Combines QScrSeg and QScrOfs QScrRec (Type: VScrRecType) Record of essential variables for QWIK screen writing. This variable occupies the same space and in the same order of: Global QScrRec ------- ------- CRTrows Vrows CRTcols Vcols CRTsize Vsize Qsnow Vsnow QEosOfs VEosOfs QScrPtr VScrPtr These variables are also described in this section. As a record, the variables can be swapped easily when writing to virtual screens. See the example in QVscrToScr procedure. Qsnow (Type: Boolean) Set to true for wait-for-retrace (snow) while QWIK is writing. QvideoPage (Type: Byte) Video page to which QWIK is writing which is set by QwritePage. It is initially 0. QvideoMode (Type: Byte) Video mode detected by Qinit. ScrollAttr (Type: Integer) The attribute used to clear the blank row when QEosLn is used. VideoMode (Type: Byte) Absolute variable directly accesses the current video mode in low memory. VideoPage (Type: Byte) Absolute variable directly accesses the currently viewed video page in low memory. Chapter 3, Variables Page 27 QWIK Screen Utilities Reference Guide, Version 5.5 VScrRecType The type for the record of essential variables for QWIK screen writing to virtual screens. This enables an easy exchange of data between the CRT and virtual screens. VIDEO CURSOR Video Cursor Variables and Constants - These variables and constants give you easy tools to combine with bit operations to display your choice of cursor modes. The variables default with the cursor on and no skew which are detected and set by Qinit at startup: Variable Description ----------------- -------------------------------------------------------- CursorBlock (Type: Word) Cursor mode value for the full cell. CursorHalfblock (Type: Word) Cursor mode value for a half block usually used for insert editing. CursorInitial (Type: Word) Cursor mode value detected at startup. CursorUnderline (Type: Word) Cursor mode value for the normal underline. Constant Value Description ----------- ----- ----------------------------------------------------- CursorBlink $6000 Used to alter bits 13/14 to create erratic blinking on MDA/CGA cards. (EGA/VGA cards turn the cursor off.) CursorOff $2000 Used to alter bits 13/14 or can be used by itself to turn the cursor off. CursorOn $0000 Used to alter bits 13/14 in ModeCursor to turn the cursor back on. Chapter 3, Variables Page 28