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chapter4.5g
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à 4.5èAdverb or Adjective?
ä:èIn the sentences in the Example, underline the adverbs.
#âS:êïCharlie worked ╕fast╗.
#êêè Jonah was a ╕fast╗ learner.
#êêè ╕Daily╗, I discover how good a person you are.
#êêè They gave him a ╕daily╗ dose of medicine.
éS
ëThe most confusing circumstances in identifying adverbs and
adjectives occur when one word can be used either as an adjective
or an adverb--depending on what the grammatical function of the
word is.ïThe best way to distinguish between an adjective and an ad-
verb is to remember the purpose of each part of speech: an adjective
#identifies a noun or a pronoun and answers the question ╖Which one╗╖?
#╖What kind? How many? How much?╗ïAn adverb modifies a verb, an adjec-
#tive, or another adverb.ïThe questions adverbs answer are ╖how? when?
#╖where? ╗and ╖to what extent╗?
# 1.èIn which one of the following sentences is the word ╖long
used as an adverb?
#A)ïThe long spike went right through the bale of hay.êê ╗
B)ïThey put in many long hours.
C)ïThe bricklayer stayed in the sun too long.
D)ïå
ü
#è ╢Long╗ in the third sentence is used as an adverb because it mod-
#ifies the verb form ╢stayed╗ and answers the question, To what extent
#was the worker overexposed to the sun?ïIn the other sentences, ╖long╗
#is an adjective identifying the noun ╖spike╗ and the noun ╖hours╗ and
#answering the question ╖What kind╗?
Ç C
# 2.èIn which one of the following sentences is the word ╖yearly
used as an adverb?
A)ïShe paid her yearly dues on time.
B)ïWe vacation yearly at the beach.
C)ïMy yearly allowance should be increased.
D)ïå
ü
#ëIn the second sentence ╢yearly╗ is an adverb modifying the verb
#╢vacation╗ and answering the question, When do the people take their
#outing at the ocean?ïIn the other sentences, ╖yearly╗ is an adjective
#modifying the nouns ╖dues╗ and ╖allowance╗ and answering the question
#╖What kind╗╖?
Ç B
ä:èUnderline any of the sentences in the Example that
contain an adverb correctly used.
âS:êè The boy felt bad about that.
êêë The boy felt badly about that.
#êêë He goes slow.ï╕╗
#êêë ╕He goes ╖║slowly╗.
êêë He did good.
#êêë ╕He did ║well╗.
#╕╕╗éS Because an adjective can not modify a verb, putting an ad-
jective in a grammatical context where it is supposedly modifying a
#verb is inappropriate.ïFor example, in╖ He goes slow, slow╗ is an
adjective.ïWhat we need in this context is an adverb to modify the
#verb form ╖goes╗ and correctly answer the adverbial question ╖How╗?
#Adding an ╖ly╗ to ╖slow╗ will create the adverb ╖slowly╗, the proper
choice.ïWhen a predicate adjective is needed, it is inappropriate to
#insert an adverb.ïIn ╖The boy felt badly about that╗, badly is an ad-
verb, but what is needed is a predicate adjective to identify the boy's
#feelings.ï╖Bad╗, an adjective, is the proper replacement for ╖badly╗.
Sometimes a totally different adjective is incorrectly used instead of
#an adverb.ïIn ╖He did good╗, the adjective ╖good╗ is inappropriate be-
#cause we need an adverb to modify the verb form ╖did╗ and answer the
#adverbial question ╖How╗?ïSubstitute the adverb ╖well╗ for ╖good╗ to
correct the problem.
3.èWhich one of the following sentences contains the correct
use of an adverb?
A)ïShe plays good at the piano.
B)ïHe listens well in class.
C)ïThey are a good pair.
D)ïå
#ü ╢Well ╗is correctly used as an adverb.ïIt modifies the verb ╢
#╢listens╗, answering the question ╢To what extent╗╢╗╢?ï╗The adjective ╖
#╖good ╗in the first sentence is incorrect: what is needed is an adverb
#╖╗like ╖well ╗to modify the verb form ╖plays╗.ïRemember that adjectives
#do not modify verbs.ïThe adjective ╖good╗ in the last sentence is used
#properly.ïThere it modifies the noun ╖pair╗.
Ç B
4.èWhich one of the following sentences contains the correct
use of an adverb?
A)ïIs it true that they went slow?
B)ïThe slow bicycle almost fell over.
C)ïThe surgeons operated slowly.
D)ïå
ü
#ë╢Slowly ╗is correctly used as an adverb modifying the verb form
#╢operated╗.ïIn the first sentence ╖slow╗ is an adjective.ïBut as an
#adjective, it is unable to modify the verb form ╖went╗.ïSo what is
#needed is the adverb ╖slowly╗.ïIn the second sentence, ╖slow╗ as an ad-
#jective is correctly used to modify the noun ╖bicycle.
Ç C
5.èWhich one of the following sentences contains the correct
use of an adverb?
A)ïThe coconut tasted bad.
B)ïThe onion smelled badly.
C)ïHe was badly hurt at the Daytona 500.
D)ïå
#ü ╢Badly╗ in the last sentence is a correctly used adverb.ïIt
#modifies the adjective ╢hurt╗, answering the adverbial question ╢To
#╢what extent╗?ï╖Badly╗╗ in the second sentence doesn't function prop-
#erly as an adverb because the predicate adjective ╖bad╗ is needed
#here to refer to the noun ╖onion╗ through the linking verb form ╖smell-
#╖ed╗.ïIn the first sentence, the predicate adjective ╖bad╗ is properly
#used after the linking verb form ╖tasted╗. Even though it may be logical
to say that an adverbial situation exists in this sentence because the
question How does the coconut taste? is answered, because taste is a
linking verb, it must take a predicate adjective, not an adverb.
Ç C