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- Help file for Oxo3d version 1.11
- ================================
-
- Oxo3d is Copyright (C) Nick Craig-Wood 1995
-
- Oxo3d is a 3 dimensional noughts-and-crosses player for the Psion 3a range of
- computers.
-
- It is supplied as two files
-
- OXO3D.TXT - this file
- OXO3D.OPA - the executable
-
-
- License
- =======
-
- Oxo3d (The Software) is Copyright (C) Nick Craig-Wood 1995 (NCW) and may not
- be used or copied except as in accord with the terms and conditions below.
-
- You may NOT Make the Software available to any third party EXCEPT with these
- terms and conditions imposed on said party.
-
- You may NOT Make the Software available to any third party EXCEPT at no
- benefit to yourself or any third party, excepting that benefit contained
- within the Software.
-
- You MUST make sure the Software is distributed whole, intact and unmodified,
- including all the files in the original distribution.
-
- You may NOT may not sell, hire or include the Software in a package which is
- sold or hired, modify, translate, disassemble, decompile, reverse engineer,
- or create derivative works based upon the Software or include whole or part
- of the Software into other works.
-
- The Software is supplied "as is", NCW makes no warranty, express or implied,
- as to the merchantability or its fitness for any particular purpose. It may
- or may not perform in accordance with the documentation or your expectations.
-
- In no circumstances will NCW be liable for any damage, loss of profits,
- goodwill or for any indirect or consequential loss arising out of the use of
- the Software, or inability to use the Software, even if NCW has been advised
- of the possibility of such loss.
-
- These conditions supersede any prior agreement, oral or written, between you
- and NCW relating to the Software.
-
- You agree that except for written separate agreements between NCW and you,
- this agreement is a complete and exclusive statement of the rights and
- liabilities of the parties.
-
- You acknowledge that you have read this agreement, that you understand this
- agreement, and by loading, running or copying the Software you agree to be
- bound by this agreement's terms and conditions.
-
-
- Introduction
- ============
-
- Oxo3d is a program to play 3 dimensional noughts-and-crosses (or
- tic-tac-toe). This is a game with considerably more strategy than the more
- common 3x3 version.
-
- The very first version of this game was written 10 years ago now on a
- Sinclair ZX81 in BASIC. It used to take 60 seconds to think of a move, and
- it used to beat the author nearly all of the time. However computing has
- moved on, and the Psion 3a version plays at a much higher strength in only 4
- seconds or so. The author has improved too!
-
- Oxo3d is written in interpreted OPL. In order to get it to run fast enough,
- a complicated heuristic has been developed for the computer player. The
- player does only one move of look-ahead, but even so plays well enough to
- beat most people most of the time.
-
- A 2 level look-ahead version was developed, but it took too long to play so
- development concentrated on the heuristic player. In a faster language (C or
- assembler) a version with look-ahead would be feasable, and would certainly
- play even better.
-
-
- Installing Oxo3d
- ================
-
- Copy the file OXO3D.OPA to any APP directory and install it using Psion-I as
- normal. (See the user guide if you are in doubt.)
-
- This should produce an icon in the system screen (or whichever group you
- installed it in).
-
-
- Using Oxo3d
- ===========
-
- Move the highlight in the system screen to under the Oxo3d icon and press
- return. The computer will be busy for a short while and then will produce a
- dialogue box as below.
-
- +-------------------+
- | New Game |
- +-------------------+
- | * Level Hard | - select level Hard, Medium or Easy
- | * Sound On | - beep on or off
- | * Go first Yes | - you first or psion first
- | |
- | Cancel Play | - Esc to cancel
- | Esc Enter | - Enter to play
- +-------------------+
-
- This dialogue box can be shown at any time with Psion-N, or selected off the
- menu as New Game.
-
- Select your options and press Enter to start the game. The screen will clear
- and a representation of the board as below will appear (see the section on
- playing the game for interpretation of the board).
-
- [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ]
- [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ]
- [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ]
- [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ]
-
- If you selected No to Go first then the psion will think for a short while
- before placing its X.
-
- You now place your O by moving the cursor around the board with the arrow
- keys and pressing enter. When you do this a O will appear on the board and
- the psion will think of a reply to your move, moving the cursor to the
- position in which it went.
-
- When one player or the other wins, the winning line will be highlighted and
- the game will pause. To start a new game select the New Game off the menu or
- press Psion-N.
-
- To exit the game select Exit from the menu or press Psion-X.
-
-
- Menus and other options
- =======================
-
- Oxo3d has a standard menu available when the menu keu is pressed. It has two
- headings
-
- +-------------------+
- | Oxo 3d |
- +-------------------+
- | About =A | - shows the version number of Oxo3d
- | Help =H | - shows help for Oxo3d (as does the help button)
- | Options =O | - shows the options dialog
- | New Game =N | - starts a new game
- | Previous Go =P | - shows the last move made
- | Exit =X | - exits Oxo3d
- +-------------------+
-
- and
-
- +-------------------+
- | Cheat |
- +-------------------+
- | Undo =U | - undoes the last move
- | Redo =R | - redoes the last move
- | Place X Shift=X | - puts an X on the board at the cursor position
- | Place O Shift=O | - puts an O on the board at the cursor position
- | Erase Shift=E | - puts a blank on the board at the cursor position
- +-------------------+
-
-
- Options
- =======
-
- When the game is running it is possible to change the options by selecting
- Options off the menu or Psion-O. This will produce a dialog box
-
- +-------------------+
- | Oxo 3d Options |
- +-------------------+
- | * Level -Hard- | - select level Hard, Medium or Easy
- | * Sound On | - beep on or off
- +-------------------+
-
-
- Previous Go
- ===========
-
- Previous Go from the menu or Psion-P will show where the last move was. If
- your press it again then it will show the move before than.
-
-
- Cheating
- ========
-
- Oxo3d has a comprehensive cheat system. However using any of these features
- will brand you a cheat very visibly on the screen!
-
-
- Other Keys
- ==========
-
- Pressing the diamon button will rotate the cube (see the how to play section
- for an explanation). There are 3 possible rotations and these are shown in
- the diamond section in the top right of the screen.
-
- Pressing Help will bring up some help for Oxo3d.
-
- Pressing Ctrl-Menu will change the size of the status window at the right
- hand side of the screen. This increased the size of the playing area
- slightly.
-
-
- How to play 3D Noughts-and-Crosses
- ==================================
-
- You are O and it is your object to get 4 in a row to win the game. The Psion
- takes X and it will be trying to do likewise.
-
- The board is a 4x4x4 area arranged into a cube. Oxo3d represents that as a
- board like this.
-
- [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ]
- [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ]
- [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ]
- [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ]
-
- Layer 1 Layer 2 Layer 3 Layer 4
-
- Each groups of 4x4 positions represents one plane on the cube. To play the
- game you have to imagine these stacked one on top of the other to form a
- cube.
-
- .
- . .
- . . .
- . . . . Layer 1
- . . .
- | . . |
- . . . Layer 2
- . .
- | . | . |
- . . . Layer 3
- . .
- | . | . |
- . . . Layer 4
- . .
- . | .
- .
-
- On each layer there are 10 possible winning lines, 4 horizontal, 4 vertical
- and two diagonal, for example
-
- [X][ ][ ][ ] [X][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ]
- [X][ ][ ][ ] OR [ ][X][ ][ ] OR [X][X][X][X]
- [X][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][X][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ]
- [X][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][X] [ ][ ][ ][ ]
-
-
- However lines may run from layer to layer also. A vertical line might be
- shown
-
- [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ]
- [ ][X][ ][ ] [ ][X][ ][ ] [ ][X][ ][ ] [ ][X][ ][ ]
- [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ]
- [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ]
-
- Or a diagonal line across an outside face might be
-
- [X][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ]
- [ ][ ][ ][ ] [X][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ]
- [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [X][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ]
- [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [X][ ][ ][ ]
-
- Or an internal diagonal line might be
-
- [X][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ]
- [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][X][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ]
- [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][X][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ]
- [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][X]
-
- There are 76 lines in total possible, these are 4x4 = north-south lines, 16
- east-west lines, 16 vertical lines, 2x4x3 = 24 diagonal lines from one edge
- to another, and 4 diagonal lines from corner to corner.
-
- Oxo3d can help with visualising the cube. If you press the diamond button
- while the program is running, then it will rotate the cube. There are 3
- rotations, and there are only 4 lines (the ones running from corner to
- corner) which cannot be brought onto a single slice of the cube in the 3
- rotations.
-
- For instance the 3 views of a diagonal line from one edge to another are
-
- [ ][X][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ]
- [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][X][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ]
- [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][X][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ]
- [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][X][ ][ ]
-
- [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ]
- [X][ ][ ][ ] [ ][X][ ][ ] [ ][ ][X][ ] [ ][ ][ ][X]
- [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ]
- [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ]
-
- [ ][ ][ ][ ] [X][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ]
- [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][X][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ]
- [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][X][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ]
- [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][X] [ ][ ][ ][ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ]
-
- In the third view the line of 4 is clearly visible.
-
-
- Contacting the Author
- =====================
-
- If you have a problem with Oxo3d, it goes wrong in some fashion, or you just
- want to say thanks, then get in touch with the author.
-
- Email: ncw@axis.demon.co.uk
-
- Post: Chalk Barton
- Shere Road
- West Horsley
- Leatherhead
- Surrey KT24 6EW
- UK
-
- Nick Craig-Wood
- 24 May 95
-