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  1. <?xml version="1.0"?>
  2.  
  3. <chapter id="ch02" num="2" page="" xml:base="media/content/">
  4. <head>Organic View</head>
  5. <title>Representative Carbon Compounds: Functional Groups, Intermolecular Forces, and Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy</title>
  6.  
  7. <!--<section id="ch02_01" num="2.1" page="">
  8.     <title>Carbon-Carbon Covalent Bonds\51</title>
  9. </section>!-->
  10.  
  11. <section id="ch02_02" num="2.2" page="">
  12.     <title>Hydrocarbons:  Representative Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds</title>
  13.  
  14.     <item id="ch02_02_01" type="3D" page="52">
  15.         <title>Methane</title>
  16.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  17.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/methane.pdb"/>
  18.     </item>
  19.  
  20.     <item id="ch02_02_09" type="3D" page="52">
  21.         <title>Methane</title>
  22.         <description></description>
  23.         <c3d src="ch02/c3d/methane.C3D"/>
  24.     </item>
  25.  
  26.     <item id="ch02_02_02" type="3D" page="52">
  27.         <title>Ethene</title>
  28.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  29.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/ethene.pdb"/>
  30.     </item>
  31.  
  32.     <item id="ch02_02_08" type="3D" page="52">
  33.         <title>Ethene</title>
  34.         <description></description>
  35.         <c3d src="ch02/c3d/ethene.C3D"/>
  36.     </item>
  37.  
  38.     <item id="ch02_02_03" type="3D" page="53">
  39.         <title>Ethyne</title>
  40.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  41.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/ethyne.pdb"/>
  42.     </item>
  43.  
  44.     <item id="ch02_02_10" type="3D" page="53">
  45.         <title>Ethyne</title>
  46.         <description></description>
  47.         <c3d src="ch02/c3d/ethyne.C3D"/>
  48.     </item>
  49.  
  50.     <item id="ch02_02_04" type="3D" page="53">
  51.         <title>Benzene</title>
  52.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  53.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/benzene.pdb"/>
  54.     </item>
  55.  
  56.     <item id="ch02_02_07" type="3D" page="53">
  57.         <title>Benzene</title>
  58.         <description></description>
  59.         <c3d src="ch02/c3d/benzene_p-orbitals.C3D"/>
  60.     </item>
  61.  
  62.     <item id="ch02_02_05" type="CU" page="54">
  63.         <title>Benzene Resonance</title>
  64.         <description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
  65.         <director src="ch02/cu/BENZRES/dswmedia/BENZRES.dcr" width="640" height="480" border="0" id="BENZRES">
  66.             <param name="sw1" value="ch02_02_06"/>
  67.         </director>
  68.     </item>
  69.  
  70.     <item id="ch02_02_06" type="IE" page="54">
  71.         <title>Benzene Resonance</title>
  72.         <description></description>
  73.         <director src="ch02/cu/iBenzRes/dswmedia/iBenzRes.dcr" width="640" height="480" border="0"/>
  74.     </item>
  75.  
  76. </section>
  77.  
  78. <section id="ch02_03" num="2.3" page="">
  79.     <title>Polar Covalent Bonds</title>
  80.  
  81.     <item id="ch02_03_01" type="AG" page="55">
  82.         <title>Hydrogen Chloride electrostatic potential</title>
  83.         <description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
  84.         <director src="ch02/ag/Dfg02o1/dswmedia/dfg02o1.dcr" width="640" height="480" border="0"/>
  85.     </item>
  86. <!--
  87.     <item id="ch02_03_02" type="IE" page="55">
  88.         <title>Hydrogen Chloride</title>
  89.         <description></description>
  90.         <director src="" width="640" height="480" border="0"/>
  91.     </item>
  92. -->
  93.     <item id="ch02_03_10" type="3D" page="55">
  94.         <title>Hydrogen Chloride</title>
  95.         <description></description>
  96.         <c3d src="ch02/c3d/HCl.C3D"/>
  97.     </item>
  98.  
  99.     <item id="ch02_03_03" type="3D" page="56">
  100.         <title>Hydrogen Fluoride</title>
  101.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  102.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/HF.PDB"/>
  103.     </item>
  104.  
  105.     <item id="ch02_03_04" type="3D" page="56">
  106.         <title>IBr</title>
  107.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  108.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/IBr.pdb"/>
  109.     </item>
  110.  
  111.     <item id="ch02_03_05" type="3D" page="56">
  112.         <title>Bromine</title>
  113.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  114.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/Br2.pdb"/>
  115.     </item>
  116.  
  117.     <item id="ch02_03_06" type="3D" page="56">
  118.         <title>Fluorine</title>
  119.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  120.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/F2.PDB"/>
  121.     </item>
  122.  
  123.     <item id="ch02_03_07" type="AG" page="71">
  124.         <title>Electrostatic Potential Maps</title>
  125.         <description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
  126.         <director src="ch02/ag/boxP71/dswmedia/boxP71.dcr" width="640" height="480" border="0"/>
  127.     </item>
  128.  
  129.     <item id="ch02_03_08" type="3D" page="58">
  130.         <title>Dimethyl Ether</title>
  131.         <description></description>
  132.         <c3d src="ch02/c3d/dimethyl_ether.C3D"/>
  133.     </item>
  134.  
  135.  
  136. </section>
  137.  
  138. <section id="ch02_04" num="2.4" page="">
  139.     <title>Polar and Nonpolar Molecules</title>
  140.  
  141.     <item id="ch02_04_01" type="3D" page="56">
  142.         <title>H2</title>
  143.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  144.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/H2.PDB"/>
  145.     </item>
  146.  
  147.     <item id="ch02_04_02" type="3D" page="56">
  148.         <title>Cl2</title>
  149.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  150.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/Cl2.pdb"/>
  151.     </item>
  152.  
  153.     <item id="ch02_04_03" type="3D" page="56">
  154.         <title>HF</title>
  155.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  156.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/HF.PDB"/>
  157.     </item>
  158.  
  159.     <item id="ch02_04_04" type="3D" page="56">
  160.         <title>HCl</title>
  161.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  162.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/HCl.PDB"/>
  163.     </item>
  164.  
  165.     <item id="ch02_04_05" type="3D" page="56">
  166.         <title>HBr</title>
  167.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  168.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/HBr.pdb"/>
  169.     </item>
  170.  
  171.     <item id="ch02_04_06" type="3D" page="56">
  172.         <title>HI</title>
  173.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  174.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/HI.pdb"/>
  175.     </item>
  176.  
  177.     <item id="ch02_04_07" type="3D" page="56">
  178.         <title>BF3</title>
  179.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  180.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/BF3.PDB"/>
  181.     </item>
  182.  
  183.     <item id="ch02_04_08" type="3D" page="56">
  184.         <title>CO2</title>
  185.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  186.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/CO2.pdb"/>
  187.     </item>
  188.  
  189.     <item id="ch02_04_09" type="3D" page="56">
  190.         <title>CH4</title>
  191.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  192.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/methane.pdb"/>
  193.     </item>
  194.  
  195.     <item id="ch02_04_10" type="3D" page="56">
  196.         <title>CH3Cl</title>
  197.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  198.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/CH3Cl.PDB"/>
  199.     </item>
  200.  
  201.     <item id="ch02_04_11" type="3D" page="56">
  202.         <title>CH2Cl2</title>
  203.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  204.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/CH2Cl2.pdb"/>
  205.     </item>
  206.  
  207.     <item id="ch02_04_12" type="3D" page="56">
  208.         <title>CHCl3</title>
  209.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  210.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/CHCl3.pdb"/>
  211.     </item>
  212.  
  213.     <item id="ch02_04_13" type="3D" page="56">
  214.         <title>CCl4</title>
  215.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  216.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/CCl4.PDB"/>
  217.     </item>
  218.  
  219.     <item id="ch02_04_14" type="3D" page="56">
  220.         <title>NH3</title>
  221.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  222.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/ammonia.PDB"/>
  223.     </item>
  224.  
  225.     <item id="ch02_04_15" type="3D" page="56">
  226.         <title>NF3</title>
  227.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  228.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/NF3.PDB"/>
  229.     </item>
  230.  
  231.     <item id="ch02_04_16" type="3D" page="56">
  232.         <title>H2O</title>
  233.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  234.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/water.PDB"/>
  235.     </item>
  236. <!--
  237.     <item id="ch02_04_17" type="IE" page="57">
  238.         <title>Carbon Tetrachloride</title>
  239.         <description></description>
  240.         <director src="" width="640" height="480" border="0"/>
  241.     </item>
  242. -->
  243.     <item id="ch02_04_18" type="3D" page="59">
  244.         <title>Carbon tetrachloride</title>
  245.         <description></description>
  246.         <c3d src="ch02/c3d/CCl4.C3D"/>
  247.     </item>
  248.     
  249. <!--
  250.     <item id="ch02_04_19" type="IE" page="57">
  251.         <title>Chloromethane</title>
  252.         <description></description>
  253.         <director src="" width="640" height="480" border="0"/>
  254.     </item>
  255. -->
  256.     <item id="ch02_04_20" type="3D" page="57">
  257.         <title>Chloromethane</title>
  258.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  259.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/CH3Cl.PDB"/>
  260.     </item>
  261.  
  262.     <item id="ch02_04_38" type="3D" page="60">
  263.         <title>Chloromethane</title>
  264.         <description></description>
  265.         <c3d src="ch02/c3d/CHCl3.C3D"/>
  266.     </item>
  267.  
  268.     <item id="ch02_04_21" type="3D" page="57">
  269.         <title>Boron Trifluoride</title>
  270.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  271.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/BF3.PDB"/>
  272.     </item>
  273.  
  274.     <item id="ch02_04_22" type="3D" page="57">
  275.         <title>Tetrachloroethene</title>
  276.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  277.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/CCl2CCl2.pdb"/>
  278.     </item>
  279.  
  280.     <item id="ch02_04_23" type="3D" page="58">
  281.         <title>Sulfur Dioxide</title>
  282.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  283.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/SO2.pdb"/>
  284.     </item>
  285.  
  286.     <item id="ch02_04_24" type="3D" page="58">
  287.         <title>Carbon Dioxide</title>
  288.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  289.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/CO2.pdb"/>
  290.     </item>
  291. <!--
  292.     <item id="ch02_04_25" type="IE" page="58">
  293.         <title>Water</title>
  294.         <description></description>
  295.         <director src="" width="640" height="480" border="0"/>
  296.     </item>
  297. -->
  298.     <item id="ch02_04_39" type="3D" page="61">
  299.         <title>Water</title>
  300.         <description></description>
  301.         <c3d src="ch02/c3d/water.C3D"/>
  302.     </item>
  303.  
  304. <!--
  305.     <item id="ch02_04_26" type="IE" page="58">
  306.         <title>Ammonia</title>
  307.         <description></description>
  308.         <director src="" width="640" height="480" border="0"/>
  309.     </item>
  310. -->
  311.     <item id="ch02_04_40" type="3D" page="61">
  312.         <title>Ammonia</title>
  313.         <description></description>
  314.         <c3d src="ch02/c3d/ammonia.C3D"/>
  315.     </item>
  316. <!--
  317.     <item id="ch02_04_27" type="IE" page="58">
  318.         <title>CH3OH</title>
  319.         <description></description>
  320.         <director src="" width="640" height="480" border="0"/>
  321.     </item>
  322. -->
  323.     <item id="ch02_04_28" type="3D" page="58">
  324.         <title>CHCl3</title>
  325.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  326.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/CHCl3.pdb"/>
  327.     </item>
  328.  
  329.     <item id="ch02_04_29" type="3D" page="58">
  330.         <title>CFCl3</title>
  331.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  332.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/CFCl3.pdb"/>
  333.     </item>
  334.  
  335.     <item id="ch02_04_30" type="3D" page="58">
  336.         <title>cis-1,2-Dichloroethene</title>
  337.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  338.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/c12dicl.pdb"/>
  339.     </item>
  340.  
  341.     <item id="ch02_04_31" type="3D" page="58">
  342.         <title>trans-1,2-Dichloroethene</title>
  343.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  344.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/t12dicl.pdb"/>
  345.     </item>
  346.  
  347.     <item id="ch02_04_32" type="3D" page="58">
  348.         <title>cis-1,2-Dibromoethene</title>
  349.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  350.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/c12dibr.pdb"/>
  351.     </item>
  352.  
  353.     <item id="ch02_04_33" type="3D" page="58">
  354.         <title>trans-1,2-Dibromooethene</title>
  355.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  356.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/t12dibr.pdb"/>
  357.     </item>
  358.  
  359.     <item id="ch02_04_34" type="3D" page="58">
  360.         <title>cis CHF=CHF</title>
  361.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  362.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/c12dif.pdb"/>
  363.     </item>
  364.  
  365.     <item id="ch02_04_35" type="3D" page="58">
  366.         <title>trans CHF=CHF</title>
  367.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  368.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/t12dif.pdb"/>
  369.     </item>
  370.  
  371.     <item id="ch02_04_36" type="3D" page="58">
  372.         <title>CH2=CF2</title>
  373.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  374.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/CH2CF2.pdb"/>
  375.     </item>
  376.  
  377.     <item id="ch02_04_37" type="3D" page="58">
  378.         <title>CF2=CF2</title>
  379.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  380.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/CF2CF2.pdb"/>
  381.     </item>
  382.  
  383. </section>
  384.  
  385. <section id="ch02_05" num="2.5" page="">
  386.     <title>Functional Groups</title>
  387.  
  388.     <item id="ch02_05_01" type="CU" page="59">
  389.         <title>Alkyl Groups</title>
  390.         <description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
  391.         <director src="ch02/cu/ALKLGRPS/dswmedia/ALKYLG.dcr" width="640" height="480" border="0"/>
  392.     </item>
  393.  
  394.     <item id="ch02_05_02" type="DR" page="60">
  395.         <title>Group Names and Structures Study Aid</title>
  396.         <description>An electronic flashcard screen to practice remembering reaction patterns and reagents.</description>
  397.         <director src="ch02/dr/dswmedia/02o05B.dcr" width="640" height="480" border="0"/>
  398.     </item>
  399.  
  400. </section>
  401.  
  402. <section id="ch02_06" num="2.6" page="">
  403.     <title>Alkyl Halides or Haloalkanes</title>
  404.  
  405.     <item id="ch02_06_01" type="3D" page="60">
  406.         <title>Ethyl Chloride (a primary alkyl chloride)</title>
  407.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  408.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/ethyl.pdb"/>
  409.     </item>
  410.  
  411.     <item id="ch02_06_02" type="3D" page="60">
  412.         <title>Isopropyl Chloride (a secondary alkyl chloride)</title>
  413.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  414.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/isoprop.pdb"/>
  415.     </item>
  416.  
  417.     <item id="ch02_06_03" type="3D" page="60">
  418.         <title>t-Butyl Chloride (a tertiary alkyl chloride)</title>
  419.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  420.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/t-but.pdb"/>
  421.     </item>
  422.  
  423.     <item id="ch02_06_04" type="3D" page="63">
  424.         <title>2-Chloropropane</title>
  425.         <description></description>
  426.         <c3d src="ch02/c3d/2-chloropropane.C3D"/>
  427.     </item>
  428.  
  429. </section>
  430.  
  431. <section id="ch02_07" num="2.7" page="">
  432.     <title>Alcohols</title>
  433.  
  434.     <item id="ch02_07_01" type="3D" page="61">
  435.         <title>Ethyl Alcohol</title>
  436.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  437.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/ethanol.PDB"/>
  438.     </item>
  439.  
  440.     <item id="ch02_07_02" type="3D" page="62">
  441.         <title>Isopropyl Alcohol</title>
  442.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  443.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/iPrOH.pdb"/>
  444.     </item>
  445.  
  446.     <item id="ch02_07_03" type="3D" page="62">
  447.         <title>t-Butyl Alcohol</title>
  448.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  449.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/tBuOH.pdb"/>
  450.     </item>
  451.  
  452.     <item id="ch02_07_04" type="3D" page="64">
  453.         <title>Ethanol</title>
  454.         <description></description>
  455.         <c3d src="ch02/c3d/ethanol.C3D"/>
  456.     </item>
  457.  
  458. </section>
  459.  
  460. <section id="ch02_08" num="2.8" page="">
  461.     <title>Ethers</title>
  462.  
  463.     <item id="ch02_08_01" type="3D" page="63">
  464.         <title>Dimethyl Ether</title>
  465.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  466.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/MeOMe.pdb"/>
  467.     </item>
  468.  
  469.     <item id="ch02_08_04" type="3D" page="65">
  470.         <title>Dimethyl Ether</title>
  471.         <description></description>
  472.         <c3d src="ch02/c3d/dimethyl_ether.C3D"/>
  473.     </item>
  474.  
  475.     <item id="ch02_08_02" type="3D" page="63">
  476.         <title>Ethylene Oxide (oxirane)</title>
  477.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  478.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/oxirane.pdb"/>
  479.     </item>
  480.  
  481.     <item id="ch02_08_03" type="3D" page="63">
  482.         <title>Tetrahydrofuran (THF)</title>
  483.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  484.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/THF.pdb"/>
  485.     </item>
  486.  
  487.  
  488. </section>
  489.  
  490. <section id="ch02_09" num="2.9" page="">
  491.     <title>Amines</title>
  492.  
  493.     <item id="ch02_09_01" type="3D" page="63">
  494.         <title>Ethylamine (a primary amine)</title>
  495.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  496.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/EtNH2.pdb"/>
  497.     </item>
  498.  
  499.     <item id="ch02_09_06" type="3D" page="66">
  500.         <title>Ethylamine</title>
  501.         <description></description>
  502.         <c3d src="ch02/c3d/ethylamine.C3D"/>
  503.     </item>
  504.  
  505.     <item id="ch02_09_02" type="3D" page="63">
  506.         <title>Diethylamine (a secondary amine)</title>
  507.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  508.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/Et2NH.pdb"/>
  509.     </item>
  510.  
  511.     <item id="ch02_09_03" type="3D" page="63">
  512.         <title>Triethylamine (a tertiary amine)</title>
  513.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  514.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/Et3N.pdb"/>
  515.     </item>
  516.  
  517.     <item id="ch02_09_04" type="3D" page="64">
  518.         <title>Isopropylamine (a primary amine)</title>
  519.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  520.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/iPrNH2.pdb"/>
  521.     </item>
  522. <!--
  523.     <item id="ch02_09_05" type="IE" page="64">
  524.         <title>Trigonal Pyramidal Nitrogen of Ammonia</title>
  525.         <description></description>
  526.         <director src="" width="640" height="480" border="0"/>
  527.     </item>
  528. -->
  529.     <item id="ch02_09_07" type="3D" page="67">
  530.         <title>Trimethylamine</title>
  531.         <description></description>
  532.         <c3d src="ch02/c3d/trimethylamine.C3D"/>
  533.     </item>
  534.  
  535. </section>
  536.  
  537. <section id="ch02_10" num="2.10" page="">
  538.     <title>Aldehydes and Ketones</title>
  539.  
  540.     <item id="ch02_10_01" type="3D" page="65">
  541.         <title>Formaldehyde</title>
  542.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  543.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/methanal.pdb"/>
  544.     </item>
  545.  
  546.     <item id="ch02_10_02" type="3D" page="65">
  547.         <title>Acetone</title>
  548.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  549.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/acetone.pdb"/>
  550.     </item>
  551.  
  552.     <item id="ch02_10_03" type="3D" page="65">
  553.         <title>Acetaldehyde</title>
  554.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  555.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/ethanal.pdb"/>
  556.     </item>
  557.  
  558.     <item id="ch02_10_07" type="3D" page="67">
  559.         <title>Acetaldehyde</title>
  560.         <description></description>
  561.         <c3d src="ch02/c3d/acetaldehyde.C3D"/>
  562.     </item>
  563.  
  564.     <item id="ch02_10_04" type="3D" page="65">
  565.         <title>Benzaldehyde</title>
  566.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  567.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/bnzldhyd.pdb"/>
  568.     </item>
  569.  
  570.     <item id="ch02_10_05" type="3D" page="65">
  571.         <title>Cinnamaldehyde</title>
  572.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  573.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/cinnamal.pdb"/>
  574.     </item>
  575.  
  576.     <item id="ch02_10_06" type="3D" page="65">
  577.         <title>(-)-Carvone (from spearmint)</title>
  578.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  579.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/carvoneM.pdb"/>
  580.     </item>
  581.  
  582.  
  583. </section>
  584.  
  585. <section id="ch02_11" num="2.11" page="">
  586.     <title>Carboxylic Acids, Amides, and Esters</title>
  587.  
  588.     <item id="ch02_11_01" type="3D" page="66">
  589.         <title>Formic Acid</title>
  590.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  591.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/formic.pdb"/>
  592.     </item>
  593.  
  594.     <item id="ch02_11_02" type="3D" page="66">
  595.         <title>Acetic Acid</title>
  596.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  597.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/acetic.pdb"/>
  598.     </item>
  599.  
  600.     <item id="ch02_11_08" type="3D" page="68">
  601.         <title>Acetic acid</title>
  602.         <description></description>
  603.         <c3d src="ch02/c3d/acetic_acid.C3D"/>
  604.     </item>
  605.  
  606.     <item id="ch02_11_03" type="3D" page="66">
  607.         <title>Benzoic Acid</title>
  608.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  609.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/benzoic.pdb"/>
  610.     </item>
  611.  
  612.     <item id="ch02_11_04" type="3D" page="66">
  613.         <title>Ethyl Acetate</title>
  614.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  615.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/ethylac.pdb"/>
  616.     </item>
  617.  
  618.     <item id="ch02_11_10" type="3D" page="69">
  619.         <title>Ethyl acetate</title>
  620.         <description></description>
  621.         <c3d src="ch02/c3d/ethyl_acetate.C3D"/>
  622.     </item>
  623.  
  624.     <item id="ch02_11_05" type="3D" page="66">
  625.         <title>Acetamide</title>
  626.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  627.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/acetamd.pdb"/>
  628.     </item>
  629.  
  630.     <item id="ch02_11_09" type="3D" page="69">
  631.         <title>Acetamide</title>
  632.         <description></description>
  633.         <c3d src="ch02/c3d/acetamide.C3D"/>
  634.     </item>
  635.  
  636.     <item id="ch02_11_06" type="3D" page="66">
  637.         <title>N-Methylacetamide</title>
  638.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  639.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/NMeAcet.pdb"/>
  640.     </item>
  641.  
  642.     <item id="ch02_11_07" type="3D" page="66">
  643.         <title>N,N-Dimethylacetamide</title>
  644.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  645.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/NMe2Acet.pdb"/>
  646.     </item>
  647.  
  648. </section>
  649.  
  650. <section id="ch02_12" num="2.12" page="">
  651.     <title>Nitriles</title>
  652.  
  653.     <item id="ch02_12_01" type="3D" page="67">
  654.         <title>Acetonitrile (ethanenitrile)</title>
  655.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  656.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/acetonit.pdb"/>
  657.     </item>
  658.  
  659.     <item id="ch02_12_03" type="3D" page="70">
  660.         <title>Acetonitrile</title>
  661.         <description></description>
  662.         <c3d src="ch02/c3d/acetonitrile.C3D"/>
  663.     </item>
  664.  
  665.     <item id="ch02_12_02" type="3D" page="67">
  666.         <title>Benzoonitrile (benzenecarbonitrile)</title>
  667.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  668.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/PhCN.pdb"/>
  669.     </item>
  670.  
  671.  
  672. </section>
  673.  
  674. <section id="ch02_13" num="2.13" page="">
  675.     <title>Summary of Important Families of Organic Compounds</title>
  676.  
  677.     <item id="ch02_13_01" type="CU" page="68">
  678.         <title>Functional Groups</title>
  679.         <description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
  680.         <director src="ch02/cu/FNCTGRPS/dswmedia/FUNCTION.dcr" width="640" height="480" border="0"/>
  681.     </item>
  682.  
  683.     <item id="ch02_13_02" type="DR" page="68">
  684.         <title>Functional Groups Study Aid</title>
  685.         <description>An electronic flashcard screen to practice remembering reaction patterns and reagents.</description>
  686.         <director src="ch02/dr/dswmedia/02o13.dcr" width="640" height="480" border="0"/>
  687.     </item>
  688.  
  689.     <item id="ch02_13_03" type="3D" page="68">
  690.         <title>Alkane (ethane)</title>
  691.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  692.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/ethane.pdb"/>
  693.     </item>
  694.  
  695.     <item id="ch02_13_17" type="3D" page="68">
  696.         <title>Ethane</title>
  697.         <description></description>
  698.         <c3d src="ch02/c3d/ethane.C3D"/>
  699.     </item>
  700.  
  701.     <item id="ch02_13_04" type="3D" page="68">
  702.         <title>Alkene (ethene)</title>
  703.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  704.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/ethene.pdb"/>
  705.     </item>
  706.  
  707.     <item id="ch02_13_05" type="3D" page="68">
  708.         <title>Alkyne (ethyne)</title>
  709.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  710.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/ethyne.pdb"/>
  711.     </item>
  712.  
  713.     <item id="ch02_13_06" type="3D" page="68">
  714.         <title>Aromatic (benzene)</title>
  715.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  716.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/benzene.pdb"/>
  717.     </item>
  718.  
  719.     <item id="ch02_13_07" type="3D" page="68">
  720.         <title>Haloalkane (chloroethane)</title>
  721.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  722.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/ethyl.pdb"/>
  723.     </item>
  724.  
  725.     <item id="ch02_13_08" type="3D" page="68">
  726.         <title>Alcohol (ethanol)</title>
  727.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  728.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/ethanol.PDB"/>
  729.     </item>
  730.  
  731.     <item id="ch02_13_09" type="3D" page="68">
  732.         <title>Ether (methoxymethane)</title>
  733.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  734.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/MeOMe.pdb"/>
  735.     </item>
  736.  
  737.     <item id="ch02_13_10" type="3D" page="68">
  738.         <title>Methylamine (methanamine)</title>
  739.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  740.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/MeNH2.pdb"/>
  741.     </item>
  742.  
  743.     <item id="ch02_13_11" type="3D" page="68">
  744.         <title>Aldehyde (ethanal)</title>
  745.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  746.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/ethanal.pdb"/>
  747.     </item>
  748.  
  749.     <item id="ch02_13_12" type="3D" page="68">
  750.         <title>Ketone (propanone)</title>
  751.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  752.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/acetone.pdb"/>
  753.     </item>
  754.  
  755.     <item id="ch02_13_13" type="3D" page="68">
  756.         <title>Carboxylic Acid (ethanoic acid)</title>
  757.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  758.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/acetic.pdb"/>
  759.     </item>
  760.  
  761.     <item id="ch02_13_14" type="3D" page="68">
  762.         <title>Ester (methyl ethanoate)</title>
  763.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  764.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/MeOAc.pdb"/>
  765.     </item>
  766.  
  767.     <item id="ch02_13_15" type="3D" page="68">
  768.         <title>Amide (ethanamide)</title>
  769.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  770.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/acetamd.pdb"/>
  771.     </item>
  772.  
  773.     <item id="ch02_13_16" type="3D" page="68">
  774.         <title>Nitrile (ethanenitrile)</title>
  775.         <description>A 3D molecular model.</description>
  776.         <pdb src="ch02/3d/acetonit.pdb"/>
  777.     </item>
  778.  
  779. </section>
  780.  
  781. <section id="ch02_14" num="2.14" page="">
  782.     <title>Physical Properties and Molecular Structure</title>
  783.  
  784.     <item id="ch02_14_01" type="CU" page="70">
  785.         <title>Ion-Ion Forces</title>
  786.         <description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
  787.         <director src="ch02/cu/IONION/dswmedia/IONFORCE.dcr" width="640" height="480" border="0"/>
  788.     </item>
  789.  
  790.     <item id="ch02_14_02" type="AG" page="71">
  791.         <title>Electrostatic Potential Acetone Models</title>
  792.         <description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
  793.         <director src="ch02/ag/Dfg02o7/dswmedia/dfg02o7.dcr" width="640" height="480" border="0"/>
  794.     </item>
  795.  
  796.     <item id="ch02_14_03" type="CU" page="72">
  797.         <title>Hydrogen Bonds and Dipole-Dipole Attraction</title>
  798.         <description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
  799.         <director src="ch02/cu/DPLSHBND/dswmedia/FORCED.dcr" width="640" height="480" border="0" id="FORCED">
  800.             <param name="sw1" value="ch02_14_04"/>
  801.         </director>
  802.     </item>
  803.  
  804.     <item id="ch02_14_04" type="IE" page="72">
  805.         <title>Hydrogen Bonds and Dipole-Dipole Attraction</title>
  806.         <description></description>
  807.         <director src="ch02/ie/IdplsHbnds/dswmedia/IdplsHbnds.dcr" width="640" height="480" border="0"/>
  808.     </item>
  809.  
  810.     <item id="ch02_14_05" type="CU" page="73">
  811.         <title>Van der Waals (London) Forces</title>
  812.         <description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
  813.         <director src="ch02/cu/LNDNFRCS/dswmedia/LONDON.dcr" width="640" height="480" border="0" id="LONDON">
  814.             <param name="sw1" value="ch02_14_06"/>
  815.         </director>
  816.     </item>
  817.  
  818.     <item id="ch02_14_06" type="IE" page="73">
  819.         <title>Van der Waals (London) Forces</title>
  820.         <description></description>
  821.         <director src="ch02/ie/iLondon/dswmedia/iLondon.dcr" width="640" height="480" border="0"/>
  822.     </item>
  823.  
  824.     <item id="ch02_14_07" type="CU" page="75">
  825.         <title>Oil and Water</title>
  826.         <description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
  827.         <director src="ch02/cu/OILWATER/dswmedia/OILWATER.dcr" width="640" height="480" border="0" id="OILWATER">
  828.             <param name="sw1" value="ch02_14_08"/>
  829.         </director>
  830.     </item>
  831.  
  832.     <item id="ch02_14_08" type="IE" page="75">
  833.         <title>Oil and Water</title>
  834.         <description></description>
  835.         <director src="ch02/ie/iOilWtr/dswmedia/iOilWtr.dcr" width="640" height="480" border="0"/>
  836.     </item>
  837.  
  838.     <item id="ch02_14_09" type="AG" page="75">
  839.         <title>alpha-Helix</title>
  840.         <description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
  841.         <director src="ch02/ag/D02p76/dswmedia/d02p76.dcr" width="640" height="480" border="0"/>
  842.     </item>
  843.  
  844.     <item id="ch02_14_10" type="3D" page="73">
  845.         <title>Acetone</title>
  846.         <description></description>
  847.         <c3d src="ch02/c3d/acetone.C3D"/>
  848.     </item>
  849.  
  850. </section>
  851.  
  852. <section id="ch02_15" num="2.15" page="">
  853.     <title>Summary of Attractive Electric Forces</title>
  854.  
  855.     <item id="ch02_15_01" type="CU" page="76">
  856.         <title>Intermolecular Attractive Forces</title>
  857.         <description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
  858.         <director src="ch02/cu/InterFrcs/dswmedia/InterFrcs.dcr" width="640" height="480" border="0" id="InterFrcs">
  859.             <param name="sw1" value="ch02_15_02"/>
  860.         </director>
  861.     </item>
  862.  
  863.     <item id="ch02_15_02" type="IE" page="76">
  864.         <title>Intermolecular Attractive Forces</title>
  865.         <description></description>
  866.         <director src="ch02/ie/IintrFrcs/dswmedia/IintrFrcs.dcr" width="640" height="480" border="0"/>
  867.     </item>
  868.  
  869.  
  870. </section>
  871.  
  872. <section id="ch02_16" num="2.16" page="">
  873.     <title>Infrared Spectroscopy: An Instrumental Method for Detecting Functional Groups</title>
  874.  
  875.     <item id="ch02_16_01" type="CU" page="78">
  876.         <title>Methane Dynamics</title>
  877.         <description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
  878.         <director src="ch02/cu/MTHDNMCS/dswmedia/METHDYNA.dcr" width="640" height="480" border="0" id="METHDYNA">
  879.             <param name="sw1" value="ch02_16_02"/>
  880.         </director>
  881.     </item>
  882.  
  883.     <item id="ch02_16_02" type="IE" page="78">
  884.         <title>Methane Dynamics</title>
  885.         <description></description>
  886.         <director src="ch02/ie/iMethDyn/dswmedia/iMethDyn.dcr" width="640" height="480" border="0"/>
  887.     </item>
  888.  
  889.  
  890. </section>
  891.  
  892. <section id="ch02_17" num="2.17" page="">
  893.     <title>Additional Problems</title>
  894.  
  895.     <item id="ch02_17_01" type="AG" page="87">
  896.         <title>Aspartame</title>
  897.         <description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
  898.         <director src="ch02/ag/Qasprtm/dswmedia/Qasprtm.dcr" width="640" height="480" border="0"/>
  899.     </item>
  900.  
  901.  
  902. </section>
  903.  
  904. </chapter>