Organic Chemistry (8th Edition)/Image.iso/pc/organic/media/content/book_flash.xml

Extensible Markup Language | 2003-05-14 | 192.9 KB | 4,877 lines

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<book id="Organic View">
<chapter id="ch01">
<title>Chapter 1: Carbon Compounds and Chemical Bonds</title>
<section id="ch01_03">
<title>1.3: The Structural Theory of Organic Chemistry</title>
<item id="ch01_03_01" type="3D" page="6">
<title>Ethyl Alcohol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_03_02" type="3D" page="6">
<title>Dimethyl ether (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_03_07" type="3D" page="6">
<title>Dimethyl ether (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_03_03" type="CU" page="6">
<title>Methane Models (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_03_04" type="IE" page="6">
<title>Methane Models (IE)</title>
<description>Interactive Exercise</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_03_06" type="AG" page="6">
<title>Methane (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch01_04">
<title>1.4: Chemical Bonds: The Octet Rule</title>
<item id="ch01_04_01" type="CU" page="8">
<title>Covalent/Ionic Bonding (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_04_02" type="IE" page="8">
<title>Covalent/Ionic Bonding (IE)</title>
<description>Interactive Exercise</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch01_08">
<title>1.8: Resonance</title>
<item id="ch01_08_01" type="AG" page="16">
<title>Carbonate Dianion (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch01_10">
<title>1.10: Atomic Orbitals</title>
<item id="ch01_10_01" type="AG" page="19">
<title>p Orbitals (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch01_11">
<title>1.11: Molecular Orbitals</title>
<item id="ch01_11_01" type="CU" page="23">
<title>Molecular Orbitals (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_11_02" type="IE" page="23">
<title>Molecular Orbitals (IE)</title>
<description>Interactive Exercise</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch01_12">
<title>1.12: The Structure of Methane and Ethane: sp3 Hybridization</title>
<item id="ch01_12_01" type="CU" page="24">
<title>sp3 Hybridization (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_12_02" type="IE" page="24">
<title>sp3 Hybridization (IE)</title>
<description>Interactive Exercise</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_12_03" type="CU" page="25">
<title>Methane Bonding (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_12_04" type="IE" page="25">
<title>Methane Bonding (IE)</title>
<description>Interactive Exercise</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_12_05" type="AG" page="26">
<title>Methane electron densities (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_12_06" type="3D" page="26">
<title>Methane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_12_12" type="3D" page="26">
<title>Methane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_12_07" type="AG" page="27">
<title>Ethane electron densities (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_12_08" type="3D" page="27">
<title>Ethane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_12_11" type="3D" page="27">
<title>Ethane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_12_09" type="3D" page="28">
<title>Dimethyl ether (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_12_10" type="AG" page="28">
<title>Dimethyl ether electron densities (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch01_13">
<title>1.13: The Structure of Ethane (Ethylene)</title>
<item id="ch01_13_01" type="CU" page="29">
<title>sp2 Hybridization (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_13_02" type="IE" page="29">
<title>sp2 Hybridization (IE)</title>
<description>Interactive Exercise</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_13_03" type="CU" page="30">
<title>Ethene (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_13_04" type="IE" page="30">
<title>Ethene (IE)</title>
<description>Interactive Exercise</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_13_05" type="AG" page="30">
<title>Ethene pi m.o. mesh (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_13_06" type="3D" page="30">
<title>Ethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_13_21" type="3D" page="30">
<title>Ethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_13_07" type="CU" page="32">
<title>Ethene Barrier (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_13_08" type="3D" page="32">
<title>cis -1,2-Dichloroethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_13_19" type="3D" page="32">
<title>cis -1,2-Dichloroethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_13_09" type="3D" page="32">
<title>trans -1,2-Dichloroethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_13_23" type="3D" page="32">
<title>trans -1,2-Dichloroethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_13_10" type="3D" page="32">
<title>1,1-Dichloroethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_13_16" type="3D" page="32">
<title>1,1-Dichloroethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_13_11" type="3D" page="32">
<title>1,1,2-Trichloroethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_13_17" type="3D" page="32">
<title>1,1,2-Trichloroethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_13_12" type="3D" page="33">
<title>cis-1,2-Difluoroethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_13_20" type="3D" page="33">
<title>cis-1,2-Difluoroethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_13_13" type="3D" page="33">
<title>trans -1,2-Difluoroethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_13_24" type="3D" page="33">
<title>trans -1,2-Difluoroethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_13_14" type="3D" page="33">
<title>cis -1,2-Dichloro-1,2-difluoroethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_13_18" type="3D" page="33">
<title>cis -1,2-Dichloro-1,2-difluoroethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_13_15" type="3D" page="33">
<title>trans -1,2-Dichloro-1,2-difluoroethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_13_22" type="3D" page="33">
<title>trans -1,2-Dichloro-1,2-difluoroethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch01_14">
<title>1.14: The Structure of Ethyne (Acetylene)</title>
<item id="ch01_14_01" type="CU" page="34">
<title>sp Hybridization (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_14_02" type="IE" page="34">
<title>sp Hybridization (IE)</title>
<description>Interactive Exercise</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_14_03" type="CU" page="34">
<title>Ethyne (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_14_04" type="IE" page="34">
<title>Ethyne (IE)</title>
<description>Interactive Exercise</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_14_05" type="AG" page="35">
<title>Ethyne pi m.o.s (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_14_06" type="3D" page="35">
<title>Ethyne (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_14_07" type="3D" page="35">
<title>Ethyne (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_14_08" type="3D" page="35">
<title>Ethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_14_10" type="3D" page="35">
<title>Ethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_14_09" type="3D" page="35">
<title>Ethane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_14_11" type="3D" page="35">
<title>Ethane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch01_16">
<title>1.16: Molecular Geometry: The Valence Shell Electron-Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) Model</title>
<item id="ch01_16_01" type="3D" page="37">
<title>Methane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_16_21" type="3D" page="37">
<title>Methane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_16_04" type="3D" page="39">
<title>Boron Trifluoride (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_16_19" type="3D" page="39">
<title>Boron Trifluoride (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_16_05" type="CU" page="39">
<title>BeH2 (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_16_06" type="3D" page="39">
<title>Beryllium Hydride (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_16_07" type="3D" page="39">
<title>Borohydride ion (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_16_08" type="3D" page="39">
<title>Beryllium fluoride (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_16_09" type="3D" page="39">
<title>Ammonium ion (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_16_10" type="3D" page="39">
<title>Hydrogen sulfide (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_16_11" type="3D" page="39">
<title>Boron trihydride (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_16_12" type="3D" page="39">
<title>Carbon tetrafluoride (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_16_13" type="3D" page="39">
<title>Silicon tetrafluoride (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_16_14" type="3D" page="39">
<title>Trichlorocarbanion (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_16_15" type="3D" page="39">
<title>Carbon Dioxide (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_16_16" type="3D" page="39">
<title>Tetrafluoroethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_16_17" type="3D" page="39">
<title>Dimethylacetylene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_16_20" type="3D" page="39">
<title>Dimethylacetylene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_16_18" type="3D" page="39">
<title>Hydrogen cyanide (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch01_17">
<title>1.17: Representation of Structural Formulas</title>
<item id="ch01_17_01" type="3D" page="40">
<title>Propyl Alcohol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_17_10" type="3D" page="40">
<title>Propyl Alcohol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_17_02" type="CU" page="43">
<title>Bond-Line Shapes (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_17_04" type="3D" page="45">
<title>Methane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_17_09" type="3D" page="45">
<title>Methane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_17_05" type="3D" page="45">
<title>Ethane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_17_08" type="3D" page="45">
<title>Ethane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_17_06" type="3D" page="45">
<title>Bromomethane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch01_17_07" type="IE" page="43">
<title>Bond-Line Shapes (IE)</title>
<description>Interactive Exercise</description>
</item>
</section>
</chapter>
<chapter id="ch02">
<title>Chapter 2: Representative Carbon Compounds: Functional Groups, Intermolecular Forces, and Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy</title>
<section id="ch02_02">
<title>2.2: Hydrocarbons:  Representative Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds</title>
<item id="ch02_02_01" type="3D" page="52">
<title>Methane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_02_09" type="3D" page="52">
<title>Methane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_02_02" type="3D" page="52">
<title>Ethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_02_08" type="3D" page="52">
<title>Ethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_02_03" type="3D" page="53">
<title>Ethyne (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_02_10" type="3D" page="53">
<title>Ethyne (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_02_04" type="3D" page="53">
<title>Benzene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_02_07" type="3D" page="53">
<title>Benzene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_02_05" type="CU" page="54">
<title>Benzene Resonance (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_02_06" type="IE" page="54">
<title>Benzene Resonance (IE)</title>
<description>Interactive Exercise</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch02_03">
<title>2.3: Polar Covalent Bonds</title>
<item id="ch02_03_01" type="AG" page="55">
<title>Hydrogen Chloride electrostatic potential (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_03_10" type="3D" page="55">
<title>Hydrogen Chloride (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_03_03" type="3D" page="56">
<title>Hydrogen Fluoride (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_03_04" type="3D" page="56">
<title>IBr (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_03_05" type="3D" page="56">
<title>Bromine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_03_06" type="3D" page="56">
<title>Fluorine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_03_07" type="AG" page="71">
<title>Electrostatic Potential Maps (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_03_08" type="3D" page="58">
<title>Dimethyl Ether (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch02_04">
<title>2.4: Polar and Nonpolar Molecules</title>
<item id="ch02_04_01" type="3D" page="56">
<title>H2 (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_04_02" type="3D" page="56">
<title>Cl2 (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_04_03" type="3D" page="56">
<title>HF (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_04_04" type="3D" page="56">
<title>HCl (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_04_05" type="3D" page="56">
<title>HBr (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_04_06" type="3D" page="56">
<title>HI (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_04_07" type="3D" page="56">
<title>BF3 (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_04_08" type="3D" page="56">
<title>CO2 (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_04_09" type="3D" page="56">
<title>CH4 (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_04_10" type="3D" page="56">
<title>CH3Cl (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_04_11" type="3D" page="56">
<title>CH2Cl2 (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_04_12" type="3D" page="56">
<title>CHCl3 (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_04_13" type="3D" page="56">
<title>CCl4 (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_04_14" type="3D" page="56">
<title>NH3 (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_04_15" type="3D" page="56">
<title>NF3 (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_04_16" type="3D" page="56">
<title>H2O (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_04_18" type="3D" page="59">
<title>Carbon tetrachloride (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_04_20" type="3D" page="57">
<title>Chloromethane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_04_38" type="3D" page="60">
<title>Chloromethane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_04_21" type="3D" page="57">
<title>Boron Trifluoride (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_04_22" type="3D" page="57">
<title>Tetrachloroethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_04_23" type="3D" page="58">
<title>Sulfur Dioxide (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_04_24" type="3D" page="58">
<title>Carbon Dioxide (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_04_39" type="3D" page="61">
<title>Water (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_04_40" type="3D" page="61">
<title>Ammonia (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_04_28" type="3D" page="58">
<title>CHCl3 (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_04_29" type="3D" page="58">
<title>CFCl3 (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_04_30" type="3D" page="58">
<title>cis-1,2-Dichloroethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_04_31" type="3D" page="58">
<title>trans-1,2-Dichloroethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_04_32" type="3D" page="58">
<title>cis-1,2-Dibromoethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_04_33" type="3D" page="58">
<title>trans-1,2-Dibromooethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_04_34" type="3D" page="58">
<title>cis CHF=CHF (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_04_35" type="3D" page="58">
<title>trans CHF=CHF (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_04_36" type="3D" page="58">
<title>CH2=CF2 (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_04_37" type="3D" page="58">
<title>CF2=CF2 (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch02_05">
<title>2.5: Functional Groups</title>
<item id="ch02_05_01" type="CU" page="59">
<title>Alkyl Groups (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_05_02" type="DR" page="60">
<title>Group Names and Structures Study Aid (DR)</title>
<description>An electronic flashcard screen to practice remembering reaction patterns and reagents.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch02_06">
<title>2.6: Alkyl Halides or Haloalkanes</title>
<item id="ch02_06_01" type="3D" page="60">
<title>Ethyl Chloride (a primary alkyl chloride) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_06_02" type="3D" page="60">
<title>Isopropyl Chloride (a secondary alkyl chloride) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_06_03" type="3D" page="60">
<title>t-Butyl Chloride (a tertiary alkyl chloride) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_06_04" type="3D" page="63">
<title>2-Chloropropane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch02_07">
<title>2.7: Alcohols</title>
<item id="ch02_07_01" type="3D" page="61">
<title>Ethyl Alcohol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_07_02" type="3D" page="62">
<title>Isopropyl Alcohol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_07_03" type="3D" page="62">
<title>t-Butyl Alcohol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_07_04" type="3D" page="64">
<title>Ethanol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch02_08">
<title>2.8: Ethers</title>
<item id="ch02_08_01" type="3D" page="63">
<title>Dimethyl Ether (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_08_04" type="3D" page="65">
<title>Dimethyl Ether (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_08_02" type="3D" page="63">
<title>Ethylene Oxide (oxirane) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_08_03" type="3D" page="63">
<title>Tetrahydrofuran (THF) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch02_09">
<title>2.9: Amines</title>
<item id="ch02_09_01" type="3D" page="63">
<title>Ethylamine (a primary amine) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_09_06" type="3D" page="66">
<title>Ethylamine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_09_02" type="3D" page="63">
<title>Diethylamine (a secondary amine) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_09_03" type="3D" page="63">
<title>Triethylamine (a tertiary amine) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_09_04" type="3D" page="64">
<title>Isopropylamine (a primary amine) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_09_07" type="3D" page="67">
<title>Trimethylamine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch02_10">
<title>2.10: Aldehydes and Ketones</title>
<item id="ch02_10_01" type="3D" page="65">
<title>Formaldehyde (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_10_02" type="3D" page="65">
<title>Acetone (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_10_03" type="3D" page="65">
<title>Acetaldehyde (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_10_07" type="3D" page="67">
<title>Acetaldehyde (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_10_04" type="3D" page="65">
<title>Benzaldehyde (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_10_05" type="3D" page="65">
<title>Cinnamaldehyde (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_10_06" type="3D" page="65">
<title>(-)-Carvone (from spearmint) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch02_11">
<title>2.11: Carboxylic Acids, Amides, and Esters</title>
<item id="ch02_11_01" type="3D" page="66">
<title>Formic Acid (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_11_02" type="3D" page="66">
<title>Acetic Acid (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_11_08" type="3D" page="68">
<title>Acetic acid (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_11_03" type="3D" page="66">
<title>Benzoic Acid (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_11_04" type="3D" page="66">
<title>Ethyl Acetate (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_11_10" type="3D" page="69">
<title>Ethyl acetate (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_11_05" type="3D" page="66">
<title>Acetamide (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_11_09" type="3D" page="69">
<title>Acetamide (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_11_06" type="3D" page="66">
<title>N-Methylacetamide (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_11_07" type="3D" page="66">
<title>N,N-Dimethylacetamide (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch02_12">
<title>2.12: Nitriles</title>
<item id="ch02_12_01" type="3D" page="67">
<title>Acetonitrile (ethanenitrile) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_12_03" type="3D" page="70">
<title>Acetonitrile (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_12_02" type="3D" page="67">
<title>Benzoonitrile (benzenecarbonitrile) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch02_13">
<title>2.13: Summary of Important Families of Organic Compounds</title>
<item id="ch02_13_01" type="CU" page="68">
<title>Functional Groups (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_13_02" type="DR" page="68">
<title>Functional Groups Study Aid (DR)</title>
<description>An electronic flashcard screen to practice remembering reaction patterns and reagents.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_13_03" type="3D" page="68">
<title>Alkane (ethane) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_13_17" type="3D" page="68">
<title>Ethane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_13_04" type="3D" page="68">
<title>Alkene (ethene) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_13_05" type="3D" page="68">
<title>Alkyne (ethyne) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_13_06" type="3D" page="68">
<title>Aromatic (benzene) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_13_07" type="3D" page="68">
<title>Haloalkane (chloroethane) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_13_08" type="3D" page="68">
<title>Alcohol (ethanol) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_13_09" type="3D" page="68">
<title>Ether (methoxymethane) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_13_10" type="3D" page="68">
<title>Methylamine (methanamine) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_13_11" type="3D" page="68">
<title>Aldehyde (ethanal) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_13_12" type="3D" page="68">
<title>Ketone (propanone) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_13_13" type="3D" page="68">
<title>Carboxylic Acid (ethanoic acid) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_13_14" type="3D" page="68">
<title>Ester (methyl ethanoate) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_13_15" type="3D" page="68">
<title>Amide (ethanamide) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_13_16" type="3D" page="68">
<title>Nitrile (ethanenitrile) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch02_14">
<title>2.14: Physical Properties and Molecular Structure</title>
<item id="ch02_14_01" type="CU" page="70">
<title>Ion-Ion Forces (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_14_02" type="AG" page="71">
<title>Electrostatic Potential Acetone Models (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_14_03" type="CU" page="72">
<title>Hydrogen Bonds and Dipole-Dipole Attraction (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_14_04" type="IE" page="72">
<title>Hydrogen Bonds and Dipole-Dipole Attraction (IE)</title>
<description>Interactive Exercise</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_14_05" type="CU" page="73">
<title>Van der Waals (London) Forces (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_14_06" type="IE" page="73">
<title>Van der Waals (London) Forces (IE)</title>
<description>Interactive Exercise</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_14_07" type="CU" page="75">
<title>Oil and Water (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_14_08" type="IE" page="75">
<title>Oil and Water (IE)</title>
<description>Interactive Exercise</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_14_09" type="AG" page="75">
<title>alpha-Helix (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_14_10" type="3D" page="73">
<title>Acetone (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch02_15">
<title>2.15: Summary of Attractive Electric Forces</title>
<item id="ch02_15_01" type="CU" page="76">
<title>Intermolecular Attractive Forces (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_15_02" type="IE" page="76">
<title>Intermolecular Attractive Forces (IE)</title>
<description>Interactive Exercise</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch02_16">
<title>2.16: Infrared Spectroscopy: An Instrumental Method for Detecting Functional Groups</title>
<item id="ch02_16_01" type="CU" page="78">
<title>Methane Dynamics (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch02_16_02" type="IE" page="78">
<title>Methane Dynamics (IE)</title>
<description>Interactive Exercise</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch02_17">
<title>2.17: Additional Problems</title>
<item id="ch02_17_01" type="AG" page="87">
<title>Aspartame (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
</section>
</chapter>
<chapter id="ch03">
<title>Chapter 3: An Introduction to Organic Reactions: Acids and Bases</title>
<section id="ch03_01">
<title>3.1: Reactions and Their Mechanisms</title>
<item id="ch03_01_01" type="AG" page="91">
<title>Carbonic Anhydrase (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch03_02">
<title>3.2: Acid - Base Reactions</title>
<item id="ch03_02_01" type="AG" page="97">
<title>BF3, NH3, and Product (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_02_02" type="3D" page="97">
<title>BF3 (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_02_07" type="3D" page="101">
<title>Boron trifluoride (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_02_03" type="3D" page="97">
<title>NH3 (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_02_06" type="3D" page="101">
<title>Ammonia (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_02_04" type="3D" page="97">
<title>BF3NH3 (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_02_08" type="3D" page="101">
<title>BF3-NH3 (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_02_05" type="AG" page="98">
<title>BF3 LUMO and NH3 HOMO (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch03_05">
<title>3.5: The Strength of Acids and Bases</title>
<item id="ch03_05_01" type="3D" page="101">
<title>Acetic Acid (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_05_02" type="3D" page="101">
<title>Acetate Ion (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_05_03" type="3D" page="102">
<title>Trifluoroacetic Acid (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_05_04" type="DR" page="103">
<title>Acids Electrostatic Potential Display (DR)</title>
<description>An electronic flashcard screen to practice remembering reaction patterns and reagents.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch03_07">
<title>3.7: The Relationship between Structure and Acidity</title>
<item id="ch03_07_01" type="3D" page="106">
<title>HF (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_07_02" type="3D" page="106">
<title>HCl (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_07_03" type="3D" page="106">
<title>HBr (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_07_04" type="3D" page="106">
<title>HI (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_07_05" type="3D" page="106">
<title>H2O (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_07_06" type="3D" page="106">
<title>H2S (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_07_07" type="CU" page="107">
<title>PKas and an Acid-Base Reaction (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_07_08" type="IE" page="107">
<title>PKas and an Acid-Base Reaction (IE)</title>
<description>Interactive Exercise</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_07_09" type="AG" page="107">
<title>Electrostatic Potential Maps for CH4, NH3, H2O, and HF (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_07_10" type="3D" page="107">
<title>methane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_07_11" type="3D" page="107">
<title>Ammonia (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_07_12" type="3D" page="107">
<title>Water (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_07_13" type="3D" page="107">
<title>Hydrogen fluoride (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_07_14" type="AG" page="108">
<title>Electrostatic Potential Maps for Ethyne, Ethene, and Ethane (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_07_15" type="3D" page="108">
<title>Ethyne (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_07_29" type="3D" page="108">
<title>Ethyne (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_07_16" type="3D" page="108">
<title>Ethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_07_28" type="3D" page="108">
<title>Ethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_07_17" type="3D" page="108">
<title>Ethane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_07_27" type="3D" page="108">
<title>Ethane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_07_18" type="AG" page="109">
<title>Ethyl Fluoride: Structure, Dipole Moment and Charge Distribution (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_07_19" type="3D" page="109">
<title>Ethyl Fuoride (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_07_20" type="3D" page="109">
<title>Hydrogen bromide (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_07_21" type="3D" page="109">
<title>Hydrogen iodide (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_07_22" type="3D" page="109">
<title>Hydrogen chloride (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_07_23" type="3D" page="109">
<title>Hydrogen fluoride (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_07_24" type="3D" page="110">
<title>Methyl anion (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_07_25" type="3D" page="110">
<title>Hydroxide anion (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_07_26" type="3D" page="110">
<title>Amide anion (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch03_10">
<title>3.10: The Acidity of Carboxylic Acids</title>
<item id="ch03_10_01" type="AG" page="115">
<title>Acetate Ion and Ethoxide Ion Electrostatic Potential Maps (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_10_02" type="3D" page="115">
<title>Acetic Acid (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_10_03" type="3D" page="115">
<title>Acetate Ion (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_10_04" type="3D" page="115">
<title>Ethanol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_10_12" type="3D" page="118">
<title>Ethanol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_10_05" type="3D" page="115">
<title>Ethoxide Ion (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_10_06" type="AG" page="116">
<title>Acetate Ion and Chloroacetate Ion Electrostatic Potential Maps (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_10_07" type="3D" page="116">
<title>Acetic Acid (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_10_11" type="3D" page="118">
<title>Acetic acid (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_10_08" type="3D" page="116">
<title>Acetate Ion (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_10_09" type="3D" page="116">
<title>Chloroacetic Acid (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_10_16" type="3D" page="">
<title>Chloroacetic acid (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_10_10" type="3D" page="116">
<title>Chloroacetate Ion (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_10_13" type="3D" page="118">
<title>Acetate anion (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_10_14" type="3D" page="118">
<title>Ethoxide anion (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_10_15" type="3D" page="119">
<title>Chloroacetate anion (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch03_14">
<title>3.14: Acids and Bases in Nonaqueous Solutions</title>
<item id="ch03_14_01" type="AG" page="121">
<title>Carbonic Anhydrase (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_14_02" type="AG" page="127">
<title>Squaric Acid (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_14_03" type="3D" page="132">
<title>Carbonic anhydrase active site (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch03_14_04" type="3D" page="132">
<title>Formamide (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
</chapter>
<chapter id="ch04">
<title>Chapter 4: Alkanes: Nomenclature, Conformational Analysis, and an Introduction to Synthesis</title>
<section id="ch04_01">
<title>4.1: Introduction to Alkanes and Cycloalkanes</title>
<item id="ch04_01_01" type="3D" page="129">
<title>Diamond (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_01_02" type="3D" page="129">
<title>Chair Cyclohexane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_01_03" type="3D" page="135">
<title>Cyclohexane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch04_02">
<title>4.2: Shapes of Alkanes</title>
<item id="ch04_02_01" type="3D" page="132">
<title>Propane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_02_09" type="3D" page="137">
<title>Propane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_02_02" type="3D" page="132">
<title>Butane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_02_07" type="3D" page="137">
<title>Butane (anti conformer) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_02_03" type="3D" page="132">
<title>Pentane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_02_08" type="3D" page="137">
<title>Pentane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_02_04" type="3D" page="133">
<title>Isobutane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_02_10" type="3D" page="138">
<title>Isobutane (2-Methylpropane) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_02_05" type="3D" page="133">
<title>Isopentane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_02_11" type="3D" page="138">
<title>Isopentane (2-methylbutane) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_02_06" type="3D" page="133">
<title>Neopentane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_02_12" type="3D" page="138">
<title>Neopentane (2,2-Dimethylpropane) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_02_13" type="3D" page="158">
<title>Butane (gauche conformer) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_02_14" type="3D" page="158">
<title>Butane (methyl and hydrogen eclipsed) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_02_15" type="3D" page="158">
<title>Butane (methyl groups eclipsed) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch04_03">
<title>4.3: IUPAC Nomenclature of Alkanes, Alkyl Halides, and Alcohols</title>
<item id="ch04_03_01" type="CU" page="135">
<title>Alkyl Groups (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_03_02" type="DR" page="136">
<title>Naming Alkanes: Interactive Lesson (DR)</title>
<description>An electronic flashcard screen to practice remembering reaction patterns and reagents.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_03_03" type="DR" page="138">
<title>Alkyl Group Names: Study Aid (DR)</title>
<description>An electronic flashcard screen to practice remembering reaction patterns and reagents.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch04_04">
<title>4.4: Nomenclature of Cycloalkanes</title>
<item id="ch04_04_01" type="3D" page="142">
<title>Cyclopropane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_04_02" type="3D" page="142">
<title>Cyclopentane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_04_03" type="3D" page="143">
<title>Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_04_04" type="3D" page="143">
<title>Bicyclo[1.1.0]butane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch04_05">
<title>4.5: Nomenclature of Alkenes and Cycloalkenes</title>
<item id="ch04_05_01" type="3D" page="146">
<title>cis -1,2-Dichloroethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_05_02" type="3D" page="146">
<title>trans -1,2-Dichloroethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch04_07">
<title>4.7: Physical Properties of Alkanes and Cycloalkanes</title>
<item id="ch04_07_01" type="CU" page="148">
<title>Chain Branching and Intermolecular Forces (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_07_02" type="3D" page="149">
<title>2,2,3,3-Tetramethylbutane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch04_08">
<title>4.8: Sigma Bonds and Bond Rotation</title>
<item id="ch04_08_01" type="3D" page="150">
<title>Staggered Conformation of Ethane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_08_02" type="3D" page="150">
<title>Eclipsed Conformation of Ethane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_08_03" type="3D" page="150">
<title>Ethane Conformations montage (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_08_04" type="CU" page="150">
<title>Conformational Analysis of Ethane (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_08_05" type="IE" page="150">
<title>Conformational Analysis of Ethane (IE)</title>
<description>Interactive Exercise</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_08_06" type="3D" page="151">
<title>Propane Conformations montage (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_08_07" type="CU" page="151">
<title>Conformational Analysis of Propane (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_08_08" type="IE" page="151">
<title>Conformational Analysis of Propane (IE)</title>
<description>Interactive Exercise</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_08_09" type="3D" page="155">
<title>Ethane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_08_10" type="3D" page="155">
<title>Ethane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch04_09">
<title>4.9: Conformational Analysis of Butane</title>
<item id="ch04_09_01" type="3D" page="152">
<title>I  An Anti Conformation of Butane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_09_02" type="3D" page="152">
<title>II  An Eclipsed Conformation of Butane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_09_03" type="3D" page="152">
<title>III  A Gauche Conformation of Butane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_09_04" type="3D" page="152">
<title>IV  An Eclipsed Conformation of Butane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_09_05" type="3D" page="152">
<title>V  A Gauche Conformation of Butane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_09_06" type="3D" page="152">
<title>VI  An Eclipsed Conformation of Butane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_09_07" type="3D" page="152">
<title>Eclipsed Butane Conformations montage (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_09_08" type="3D" page="152">
<title>Staggered Butane Conformations montage (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_09_09" type="3D" page="152">
<title>Butane Conformations montage (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_09_10" type="3D" page="153">
<title>2-Methylbutane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_09_11" type="3D" page="153">
<title>2-Methylbutane conformations (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_09_12" type="3D" page="158">
<title>Butane (anti conformer) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch04_11">
<title>4.11: The Origin of Ring Strain in Cyclopropane and Cyclobutane: Angle Strain and Torsional Strain</title>
<item id="ch04_11_01" type="3D" page="156">
<title>Cyclopropane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_11_04" type="3D" page="163">
<title>Cyclopropane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_11_02" type="3D" page="156">
<title>Cyclobutane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_11_05" type="3D" page="163">
<title>Cyclobutane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_11_03" type="3D" page="156">
<title>Cyclopentane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_11_06" type="3D" page="163">
<title>Cyclopentane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch04_12">
<title>4.12: Conformations of Cyclohexane</title>
<item id="ch04_12_01" type="3D" page="157">
<title>Chair Cyclohexane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_12_09" type="3D" page="163">
<title>Cyclohexane (chair) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_12_02" type="CU" page="157">
<title>Chair Conformation of Cyclohexane (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_12_03" type="IE" page="157">
<title>Chair Conformation of Cyclohexane (IE)</title>
<description>Interactive Exercise</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_12_04" type="3D" page="158">
<title>Boat Cyclohexane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_12_10" type="3D" page="164">
<title>Cyclohexane (boat) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_12_05" type="3D" page="158">
<title>Twist Cyclohexane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_12_11" type="3D" page="165">
<title>Cyclohexane (twist boat) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_12_06" type="3D" page="159">
<title>Half-Chair Cyclohexane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_12_07" type="CU" page="159">
<title>Interconversion of Cyclohexane Conformers (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_12_08" type="IE" page="159">
<title>Interconversion of Cyclohexane Conformers (IE)</title>
<description>Interactive Exercise</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch04_13">
<title>4.13: Substituted Cyclohexanes: Axial and Equatorial Hydrogen Atoms</title>
<item id="ch04_13_01" type="3D" page="160">
<title>Chair Cyclohexane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_13_02" type="3D" page="161">
<title>axial methylcyclohexane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_13_06" type="3D" page="169">
<title>Methylcyclohexane (axial) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_13_03" type="3D" page="161">
<title>equatorial methylcyclohexane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_13_05" type="3D" page="169">
<title>Methylcyclohexane (equatorial) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_13_04" type="3D" page="162">
<title>Gauche Butane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_13_07" type="3D" page="170">
<title>tert-Butylcyclohexane (axial) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_13_08" type="3D" page="170">
<title>tert-Butylcyclohexane (equatorial) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch04_14">
<title>4.14: Distibuted Cycloalkanes: Cis-Trans Isomerism</title>
<item id="ch04_14_01" type="3D" page="164">
<title>cis and trans 1,2-Dimethylcyclopentane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_14_02" type="3D" page="164">
<title>cis and trans 1,3-Dimethylcyclopentane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_14_03" type="3D" page="165">
<title>"planar average" cis and trans 1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_14_04" type="3D" page="165">
<title>"planar average" cis and trans 1,3-Dimethylcyclohextane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_14_05" type="3D" page="165">
<title>"planar average" cis and trans 1,4-Dimethylcyclohextane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_14_06" type="3D" page="165">
<title>Diaxial Conformation of trans-1,4-Dimethylcyclohexane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_14_07" type="3D" page="165">
<title>Diequatorial Conformation of trans-1,4-Dimethylcyclohexane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_14_08" type="3D" page="166">
<title>cis-1,4-Dimethylcyclohexane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_14_09" type="3D" page="166">
<title>cis-1,4-Dimethylcyclohexane (both chairs) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_14_10" type="3D" page="166">
<title>cis-1,2-Dichlorocyclohexane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_14_11" type="3D" page="166">
<title>cis-1,3-Dichlorocyclohexane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_14_12" type="3D" page="166">
<title>trans-1,2-Dichlorocyclohexane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_14_13" type="3D" page="167">
<title>trans-1,3-Dimethylcyclohexane (both chairs) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_14_14" type="3D" page="167">
<title>trans-1-tert-Butyl-3-methylcyclohexane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_14_15" type="3D" page="168">
<title>cis-1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane Chairs (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_14_16" type="3D" page="168">
<title>trans-1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane Chairs (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_14_17" type="3D" page="168">
<title>cis-1,3-Dimethylcyclohexane Chairs (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_14_18" type="3D" page="168">
<title>trans-1,3-Dimethylcyclohexane (both chairs) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_14_19" type="3D" page="168">
<title>cis-1,4-Dimethylcyclohexane (both chairs) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_14_20" type="3D" page="168">
<title>Diequatorial Conformation of trans-1,4-Dimethylcyclohexane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_14_21" type="3D" page="168">
<title>Diaxial Conformation of trans-1,4-Dimethylcyclohexane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_14_22" type="3D" page="167">
<title>cis-1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane Chairs (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_14_23" type="3D" page="167">
<title>trans-1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane Chairs (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch04_15">
<title>4.15: Bicyclic and Polycyclic Alkanes</title>
<item id="ch04_15_01" type="3D" page="168">
<title>cis-Decalin (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_15_02" type="3D" page="168">
<title>trans-Decalin (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_15_03" type="3D" page="169">
<title>Adamantane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_15_04" type="3D" page="169">
<title>Bicyclo[1.1.0]butane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_15_05" type="3D" page="169">
<title>Cubane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_15_06" type="3D" page="169">
<title>Prismane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_15_07" type="3D" page="169">
<title>Dodecahedrane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_15_08" type="AG" page="169">
<title>Dodecahedrane (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_15_09" type="3D" page="169">
<title>Buckminsterfullerene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_15_10" type="3D" page="176">
<title>Buckminsterfullerene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch04_17">
<title>4.17: Synthesis of Alkanes and Cycloalkanes</title>
<item id="ch04_17_01" type="CU" page="171">
<title>Hydrogenation (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch04_18">
<title>4.18: Some General Principles of Structure and Reactivity: A Look Toward Synthesis</title>
<item id="ch04_18_01" type="AG" page="174">
<title>Reaction of Ethynide Anion and Chloromethane (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_18_02" type="3D" page="181">
<title>Chloromethane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_18_03" type="3D" page="181">
<title>Ethynide (acetylide) anion (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_18_04" type="3D" page="181">
<title>Propyne (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch04_19">
<title>4.19: An Introduction to Organic Synthesis</title>
<item id="ch04_19_01" type="AG" page="174">
<title>Vitamin B12 (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_19_02" type="3D" page="174">
<title>Vitamin B12 (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_19_05" type="3D" page="181">
<title>trans-1,3-Di-tert-butylcyclohexane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_19_03" type="3D" page="191">
<title>trans-1-tert-butyl-3-methylcyclohexane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch04_19_04" type="3D" page="191">
<title>trans-1,3-di-tert-butylcyclohexane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
</chapter>
<chapter id="ch05">
<title>Chapter 5: Stereochemistry: Chiral Molecules</title>
<section id="ch05_02">
<title>5.2: Isomerism: Constitutional Isomers and Stereoisomers</title>
<item id="ch05_02_01" type="3D" page="185">
<title>Butane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_02_02" type="3D" page="185">
<title>Isobutane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_02_03" type="3D" page="185">
<title>1-Chloropropane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_02_04" type="3D" page="185">
<title>2-Chloropropane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_02_05" type="3D" page="185">
<title>Ethanol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_02_06" type="3D" page="185">
<title>Dimethyl ether (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_02_07" type="3D" page="185">
<title>cis -1,2-Dichloroethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_02_08" type="3D" page="185">
<title>trans -1,2-Dichloroethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_02_09" type="3D" page="186">
<title>cis and trans-1,2-dimethylcyclopentane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_02_10" type="3D" page="193">
<title>D-Alanine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_02_11" type="3D" page="193">
<title>L-Alanine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch05_03">
<title>5.3: Enantiomers and Chiral Molecules</title>
<item id="ch05_03_01" type="3D" page="188">
<title>structure I, (R)-2-butanol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_03_02" type="3D" page="188">
<title>structure II, (S)-2-butanol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_03_03" type="CU" page="190">
<title>Tetrahedral Stereocenter (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_03_04" type="IE" page="190">
<title>Tetrahedral Stereocenter (IE)</title>
<description>Interactive Exercise</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_03_06" type="3D" page="191">
<title>2-propanol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_03_07" type="CU" page="191">
<title>Two Identical Groups (Three Different Groups) (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_03_08" type="IE" page="191">
<title>Two Identical Groups (Three Different Groups) (IE)</title>
<description>Interactive Exercise</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_03_10" type="3D" page="201">
<title>Thalidomide (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch05_04">
<title>5.4: The Biological Importance of Chirality</title>
<item id="ch05_04_01" type="3D" page="192">
<title>limonene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_04_02" type="3D" page="192">
<title>(+)-Carvone (from caraway) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_04_03" type="3D" page="192">
<title>(-)-Carvone (from spearmint) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_04_04" type="3D" page="193">
<title>Thalidoamide (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_04_05" type="3D" page="201">
<title>R-Limonene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_04_06" type="3D" page="201">
<title>S-Limonene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch05_06">
<title>5.6: Tests for Chirality: Planes of Symmetry</title>
<item id="ch05_06_01" type="AG" page="194">
<title>Planes of symmetry in 2-chloropropane and 2-chlorobutane (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_06_02" type="3D" page="194">
<title>2-Chloropropane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_06_03" type="3D" page="194">
<title>2-Chlorobutane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch05_07">
<title>5.7: Nomenclature of Enantiomers: The (R-S) System</title>
<item id="ch05_07_01" type="3D" page="195">
<title>structure I, (R)-2-butanol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_07_02" type="3D" page="195">
<title>structure II, (S)-2-butanol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_07_03" type="IE" page="196">
<title>R,S-Naming (IE)</title>
<description>Interactive Exercise</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_07_04" type="CU" page="197">
<title>R,S-Naming (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_07_05" type="IE" page="197">
<title>R,S-Naming (IE)</title>
<description>Interactive Exercise</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch05_08">
<title>5.8: Properties of Enantiometers: Optical Activity</title>
<item id="ch05_08_01" type="AG" page="201">
<title>Unpolarized Light and Plane-Polarized light (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_08_02" type="3D" page="205">
<title>(+)-Carvone (from caraway) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_08_03" type="3D" page="205">
<title>(-)-Carvone (from spearmint) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch05_10">
<title>5.10: The Synthesis of Chiral molecules</title>
<item id="ch05_10_01" type="3D" page="209">
<title>(R)-2-butanol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_10_02" type="3D" page="209">
<title>(S)-2-butanol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch05_11">
<title>5.11: Chiral Drugs</title>
<item id="ch05_11_01" type="3D" page="210">
<title>(S)-Ibuprofen (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_11_02" type="3D" page="210">
<title>(S)-Methyldopa (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_11_03" type="3D" page="210">
<title>(S)-Penicillamine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_11_04" type="3D" page="218">
<title>(S)-Naproxen (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch05_12">
<title>5.12: Molecules with More Than One Stereocenter</title>
<item id="ch05_12_01" type="3D" page="211">
<title>2,3-Dibromopentane, Stereoisomer 1 (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_12_02" type="3D" page="211">
<title>2,3-Dibromopentane, Stereoisomer 2 (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_12_03" type="3D" page="212">
<title>2,3-Dibromopentane, Stereoisomer 3 (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_12_04" type="3D" page="212">
<title>2,3-Dibromopentane, Stereoisomer 4 (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_12_05" type="3D" page="212">
<title>2,3-Dibromopentane, Stereoisomers montage (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_12_07" type="3D" page="213">
<title>2,3-Dibromobutane, Stereoisomer A (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_12_08" type="3D" page="213">
<title>2,3-Dibromobutane, Stereoisomer B (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_12_09" type="3D" page="213">
<title>2,3-Dibromobutane, Stereoisomer C (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_12_10" type="3D" page="213">
<title>2,3-Dibromobutane, Stereoisomer D (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_12_12" type="3D" page="214">
<title>2,3-Dibromobutane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_12_13" type="3D" page="215">
<title>Chloramphenicol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch05_13">
<title>5.13: Fischer Projection Formulas</title>
<item id="ch05_13_01" type="3D" page="216">
<title>2,3-Dibromobutane, Stereoisomer A (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_13_02" type="3D" page="216">
<title>2,3-Dibromobutane, Stereoisomer B (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch05_14">
<title>5.14: Stereoisomerism of Cyclic Compounds</title>
<item id="ch05_14_01" type="3D" page="217">
<title>1,2-Dimethylcyclopentane, Stereoisomer 5 (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_14_02" type="3D" page="217">
<title>1,2-Dimethylcyclopentane, Stereoisomer 6 (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_14_03" type="3D" page="217">
<title>1,2-Dimethylcyclopentane, Stereoisomer 7 (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_14_05" type="3D" page="218">
<title>cis -1,4-Dimethylcyclohexane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_14_07" type="3D" page="218">
<title>trans -1,4-Dimethylcyclohexane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_14_09" type="3D" page="218">
<title>cis -1,3-Dimethylcyclohexane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_14_11" type="3D" page="218">
<title>trans -1,3-Dimethylcyclohexane (a) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_14_13" type="3D" page="218">
<title>trans -1,3-Dimethylcyclohexane (b) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_14_15" type="3D" page="219">
<title>trans -1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane (a) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_14_16" type="3D" page="219">
<title>trans -1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane (b) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_14_18" type="3D" page="219">
<title>cis -1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane (a) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_14_19" type="3D" page="219">
<title>cis -1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane (b) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch05_15">
<title>5.15: Relating Configurations Through Reactions in Which No Bonds to the Stereocenter Are Broken</title>
<item id="ch05_15_01" type="3D" page="220">
<title>(S)-(-)-2-Methyl-1-butanol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_15_02" type="3D" page="220">
<title>(S)-(+)-1-Chloro-2-methylbutane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_15_03" type="3D" page="220">
<title>(R)-1-Bromo-2-butanol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_15_04" type="3D" page="220">
<title>(S)- 2-Butanol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_15_05" type="3D" page="221">
<title>(R)-(+)-Glyceraldehyde (D-Glyceraldehyde) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_15_06" type="3D" page="221">
<title>(S)-(-)-Glyceraldehyde (L-Glyceraldehyde) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_15_07" type="3D" page="221">
<title>(R)-(-)-Lactic Acid (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_15_08" type="3D" page="222">
<title>(+)-Tartaric Acid (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch05_18">
<title>5.18: Chiral Molecules That Do Not Possess a Tetrahedral Atom with Four Different Groups</title>
<item id="ch05_18_01" type="AG" page="224">
<title>Allene Orbitals (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_18_02" type="3D" page="224">
<title>1,3-Dichloroallene (left) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_18_03" type="3D" page="224">
<title>1,3-Dichloroallene (right) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_18_04" type="3D" page="232">
<title>(S)-BINAP (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch05_18_05" type="3D" page="232">
<title>(R)-BINAP (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
</chapter>
<chapter id="ch06">
<title>Chapter 6: Ionic Reactions - Nuceophilic Substitution and Elimination Reactions of Alkyl Halides</title>
<section id="ch06_06">
<title>6.6: A Mechanism for the SN2 Reaction</title>
<item id="ch06_06_01" type="CU" page="235">
<title>SN2 Orbitals (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_06_02" type="CU" page="236">
<title>SN2 Mechanism (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_06_03" type="IE" page="236">
<title>SN2 Mechanism (IE)</title>
<description>Interactive Exercise</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch06_07">
<title>6.7: Transition State Theory: Free-Energy Diagrams</title>
<item id="ch06_07_01" type="CU" page="240">
<title>SN2 Collisions (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch06_08">
<title>6.8: The Stereochemistry of SN2 Reactions</title>
<item id="ch06_08_01" type="AG" page="241">
<title>SN2 Transition State (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_08_02" type="CU" page="241">
<title>SN2 Inversion (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_08_03" type="3D" page="241">
<title>Fluoride + MeF SN2 Transition State (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_08_04" type="3D" page="241">
<title>Fluoride + MeF SN2 reaction montage (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_08_05" type="3D" page="241">
<title>cis-1-Chloro-3-methylcyclopentane + hydroxide reaction montage (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_08_06" type="3D" page="241">
<title>(S)-(+)-2-Chlorobutane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_08_07" type="3D" page="241">
<title>(+)-2-Chlorobutane + hydroxide reaction montage (+) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch06_10">
<title>6.10: A Mechanism for the SN1 Reactions</title>
<item id="ch06_10_01" type="3D" page="245">
<title>SN1 Step 1 montage (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_10_02" type="3D" page="245">
<title>SN1 Step 2 montage (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_10_03" type="CU" page="246">
<title>SN1 Mechanism (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_10_04" type="IE" page="246">
<title>SN1 Mechanism (IE)</title>
<description>Interactive Exercise</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch06_11">
<title>6.11: Carbocations</title>
<item id="ch06_11_01" type="3D" page="247">
<title>Methyl Cation (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_11_02" type="AG" page="248">
<title>Electrostatic Potential Maps for Carbocations (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_11_03" type="3D" page="256">
<title>Ethyl cation (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_11_04" type="3D" page="256">
<title>Isopropyl cation (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_11_05" type="3D" page="256">
<title>Methyl cation (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_11_06" type="3D" page="256">
<title>tert-Butyl cation (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch06_12">
<title>6.12: The Stereochemistry of SN1 Reactions</title>
<item id="ch06_12_01" type="CU" page="249">
<title>SN1 Stereochemistry (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_12_02" type="3D" page="250">
<title>SN1 Stereochemistry montage (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch06_13">
<title>6.13: Factors Affecting the Rates of SN1 and SN2 Reactions</title>
<item id="ch06_13_01" type="CU" page="252">
<title>SN2 Steric Hindrance (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_13_02" type="IE" page="252">
<title>SN2 Steric Hindrance (IE)</title>
<description>Interactive Exercise</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_13_03" type="3D" page="252">
<title>Methyl through Tertiary Halides-SN2 Hindrance montage (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_13_04" type="3D" page="252">
<title>Methyl Halide (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_13_05" type="3D" page="252">
<title>Pimary Halide (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_13_06" type="3D" page="252">
<title>Secondary Halide (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_13_07" type="3D" page="252">
<title>Neopentyl Halide (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_13_08" type="3D" page="252">
<title>Tertiary Halide (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_13_09" type="3D" page="259">
<title>Methyl chloride (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_13_10" type="3D" page="259">
<title>Ethyl chloride (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_13_11" type="3D" page="259">
<title>Isopropyl chloride (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_13_12" type="3D" page="259">
<title>tert-Butyl chloride (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch06_14">
<title>6.14: Organic Synthesis: Functional Group Transformations Using SN2 Reactions</title>
<item id="ch06_14_01" type="3D" page="262">
<title>Nicotine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_14_02" type="3D" page="262">
<title>Adrenaline (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch06_16">
<title>6.17: The E2 Reaction</title>
<item id="ch06_16_01" type="CU" page="267">
<title>E2 Elimination Mechanism (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_16_02" type="IE" page="267">
<title>E2 Elimination Mechanism (IE)</title>
<description>Interactive Exercise</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_16_03" type="3D" page="267">
<title>E2 Reaction montage (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_16_04" type="3D" page="286">
<title>1-Bromo-[221]-bicycloheptane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_16_05" type="3D" page="286">
<title>1-Bromo-[221]-bicycloheptane LUMO (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_16_06" type="3D" page="286">
<title>Isopropyl methyl ether carbocation LUMO (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch06_16_07" type="3D" page="286">
<title>Isopropyl methyl ether carbocation HOMO (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
</chapter>
<chapter id="ch07">
<title>Chapter 7: Alkenes and Alkynes I: Properties and Synthesis. Elimination Reactions of Alkyl Halides</title>
<section id="ch07_01">
<title>7.1: Introduction</title>
<item id="ch07_01_01" type="3D" page="281">
<title>Stearic Acid (a saturated fatty acid) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch07_01_02" type="3D" page="281">
<title>Oleic Acid (an unsaturated fatty acid) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch07_01_03" type="3D" page="282">
<title>Ethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch07_01_04" type="3D" page="282">
<title>Propene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch07_01_05" type="3D" page="282">
<title>Ethyne (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch07_02">
<title>7.2: The (E)-(Z) System for Designating Alkene Diasterometers</title>
<item id="ch07_02_01" type="3D" page="283">
<title>(Z)-2-Butene (cis-2-butene) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch07_02_03" type="3D" page="283">
<title>(E)-2-Butene (trans-2-butene) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch07_04">
<title>7.4: Cycloalkenes</title>
<item id="ch07_04_01" type="3D" page="287">
<title>Cyclopropene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch07_04_02" type="3D" page="287">
<title>Cyclobutene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch07_04_03" type="3D" page="287">
<title>Cyclopentene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch07_04_04" type="3D" page="287">
<title>Cyclohexene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch07_04_05" type="3D" page="287">
<title>Hypothetical trans-Cyclohexene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch07_04_06" type="3D" page="287">
<title>trans-Cycloheptene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch07_04_07" type="3D" page="287">
<title>cis-Cyclooctene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch07_04_08" type="3D" page="287">
<title>trans-Cyclooctene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch07_04_09" type="3D" page="287">
<title>cis-9-Octadenoic acid (Oleic acid) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch07_06">
<title>7.6: Dehydrohalogenation of Alkyl Halides</title>
<item id="ch07_06_01" type="CU" page="288">
<title>E2 Elimination Mechanism (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch07_06_02" type="IE" page="288">
<title>E2 Elimination Mechanism (IE)</title>
<description>Interactive Exercise</description>
</item>
<item id="ch07_06_03" type="3D" page="288">
<title>E2 Reaction montage (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch07_06_04" type="3D" page="292">
<title>Neomenthyl Chloride (more stable conformation) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch07_06_05" type="3D" page="292">
<title>Neomenthyl Chloride (less stable conformation) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch07_06_06" type="3D" page="293">
<title>Menthyl Chloride (more stable conformation) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch07_06_07" type="3D" page="293">
<title>Menthyl Chloride (less stable conformation) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch07_10">
<title>7.10: The Acidity of Terminal Alkynes</title>
<item id="ch07_10_01" type="3D" page="305">
<title>Ethyne (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch07_10_02" type="3D" page="305">
<title>Ethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch07_10_03" type="3D" page="305">
<title>Ethane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch07_10_04" type="DR" page="306">
<title>Acids Electrostatic Potential Display (DR)</title>
<description>An electronic flashcard screen to practice remembering reaction patterns and reagents.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch07_11">
<title>7.11: Replacement of the Acetylnic Hygrogen Atom of Terminal Alkynes</title>
<item id="ch07_11_01" type="3D" page="306">
<title>Propyne (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch07_13">
<title>7.13: Hydrogenation: The Function of the Catalyst</title>
<item id="ch07_13_01" type="CU" page="309">
<title>Hydrogenation (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch07_13_02" type="3D" page="314">
<title>(S)-Naproxen (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch07_13_03" type="3D" page="314">
<title>(S)-BINAP (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch07_13_04" type="3D" page="314">
<title>(R)-BINAP (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch07_14">
<title>7.14: Summary of Methods for the Preparation of Alkenes</title>
<item id="ch07_14_01" type="DR" page="314">
<title>Alkenes Preparation Study Aid (DR)</title>
<description>An electronic flashcard screen to practice remembering reaction patterns and reagents.</description>
</item>
</section>
</chapter>
<chapter id="ch08">
<title>Chapter 8: Alkenes and Alkynes II: Addition Reactions</title>
<section id="ch08_01">
<title>8.1: Introduction: Additions to Alkenes</title>
<item id="ch08_01_01" type="AG" page="323">
<title>Ethene electrostatic potential map and pi orbital (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch08_01_02" type="3D" page="328">
<title>Dactylyne (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch08_01_03" type="3D" page="320">
<title>Ethene (Ethylene) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch08_13">
<title>8.13: Stereochemistry of the Addition of Halogens to Alkenes</title>
<item id="ch08_13_01" type="3D" page="336">
<title>Bromine + Cyclohexene montage (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch08_13_02" type="3D" page="337">
<title>(2R,3S)-2,3-Dibromobutane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch08_13_03" type="3D" page="337">
<title>(2R,3R)-2,3-Dibromobutane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch08_13_04" type="3D" page="337">
<title>(2S,3S)-2,3-Dibromobutane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch08_14">
<title>8.14: Halohydrin Formation</title>
<item id="ch08_14_01" type="AG" page="340">
<title>Bromonium ions, electrostatic potential maps (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch08_14_02" type="3D" page="340">
<title>Ethene bromonium ion (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch08_14_07" type="3D" page="356">
<title>Ethene bromonium ion (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch08_14_03" type="3D" page="340">
<title>Propene bromonium ion (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch08_14_04" type="3D" page="340">
<title>2-Methylpropene bromonium ion (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch08_14_06" type="3D" page="355">
<title>2-Methylpropene bromonium ion (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch08_14_05" type="AG" page="340">
<title>Bromonium ions, LUMOs (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch08_14_08" type="3D" page="356">
<title>Propene bromium ion (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch08_12">
<title>8.121: Synthetic Strategies Revisited</title>
<item id="ch08_12_01" type="AG" page="354">
<title>Squalene (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch08_12_02" type="3D" page="354">
<title>cholesterol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch08_16">
<title>8.16: Summary of Key Reactions</title>
<item id="ch08_16_07" type="3D" page="345">
<title>Permanganate Hydroxylation montage (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch08_16_08" type="AG" page="345">
<title>Osmium Tetroxide. Cyclopentene Adduct (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch08_16_01" type="DR" page="358">
<title>Alkenes Reactions Study Aid (DR)</title>
<description>An electronic flashcard screen to practice remembering reaction patterns and reagents.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch08_16_02" type="DR" page="358">
<title>Alkynes Reactions Study Aid (DR)</title>
<description>An electronic flashcard screen to practice remembering reaction patterns and reagents.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch08_16_03" type="3D" page="381">
<title>Ethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch08_16_04" type="3D" page="381">
<title>BH3 (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch08_16_05" type="3D" page="381">
<title>BH3:THF LUMO (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch08_16_06" type="3D" page="381">
<title>Diborane (B2H6) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
</chapter>
<chapter id="ch09">
<title>Chapter 9: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Mass Spectrometry: Tools for Structure Determination</title>
<section id="ch09_03">
<title>9.3: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy</title>
<item id="ch09_03_01" type="3D" page="372">
<title>1,4-Dimethylbenzene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch09_03_02" type="3D" page="373">
<title>1,1,2-Trichloroethane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch09_03_03" type="3D" page="383">
<title>1-Chloro-2-propanol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch09_07">
<title>9.7: Chemical Shift Equivalent and Nonequivalent Protons</title>
<item id="ch09_07_01" type="3D" page="379">
<title>2-Methylpropene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch09_07_02" type="3D" page="379">
<title>3-Chloro-2-methylpropene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch09_07_03" type="3D" page="379">
<title>1-Chloro-2-methylpropene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch09_07_04" type="3D" page="380">
<title>Ethyl Bromide (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch09_07_05" type="3D" page="380">
<title>Chloroethene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch09_07_06" type="3D" page="381">
<title>2-butanol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch09_08">
<title>9.8: Signal Splitting: Spin-Spin Coupling</title>
<item id="ch09_08_01" type="3D" page="382">
<title>1,1,2-Trichlorethane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch09_08_02" type="3D" page="382">
<title>tert-Butyl methyl ether (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch09_08_03" type="3D" page="382">
<title>Ethane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch09_08_04" type="3D" page="383">
<title>Methoxyacetonitrile (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch09_08_05" type="3D" page="385">
<title>1,1,2,3,3-Pentachloropropane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch09_08_06" type="3D" page="386">
<title>Ethyl Bromide (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch09_08_07" type="3D" page="389">
<title>Ethyl Chloroacetate (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch09_08_08" type="3D" page="390">
<title>Nitropropane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch09_09">
<title>9.9: Protons NMR Spectra and Rate Processes</title>
<item id="ch09_09_01" type="3D" page="391">
<title>Ethanol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch09_10">
<title>9.10: Carbon-13 NMR Spectroscopy</title>
<item id="ch09_10_01" type="3D" page="395">
<title>1-Chloro-2-propanol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch09_10_02" type="3D" page="397">
<title>Methyl Methacrylate (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch09_11">
<title>9.11: Two-Dimensional (2D) NMR Techniques</title>
<item id="ch09_11_01" type="3D" page="400">
<title>1-Chloro-2-propanol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
</chapter>
<chapter id="ch10">
<title>Chapter 10: Radical Reactions</title>
<section id="ch10_01">
<title>10.1: Calicheamicin</title>
<item id="ch10_01_01" type="AG" page="429">
<title>Calicheamicin (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch10_02">
<title>10.2: Homolytic Bond Dissociation Energies</title>
<item id="ch10_02_01" type="3D" page="435">
<title>Propane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch10_02_02" type="3D" page="436">
<title>Isobutane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch10_03">
<title>10.3: The Reactions of Alkanes with Halogens</title>
<item id="ch10_03_01" type="3D" page="438">
<title>Methane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch10_03_02" type="3D" page="438">
<title>Chloromethane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch10_03_03" type="3D" page="438">
<title>Dichloromethane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch10_03_04" type="3D" page="438">
<title>Isobutane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch10_03_05" type="3D" page="438">
<title>Isobutyl Chloride (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch10_03_06" type="3D" page="438">
<title>tert-Butyl Chloride (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch10_03_07" type="3D" page="439">
<title>Neopentane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch10_03_08" type="3D" page="439">
<title>Neopentyl Chloride (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch10_04">
<title>10.4: Chlorination of Methane: Mechanism of Reaction</title>
<item id="ch10_04_01" type="3D" page="439">
<title>Methane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch10_04_02" type="3D" page="439">
<title>Chloromethane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch10_04_03" type="3D" page="439">
<title>Dichloromethane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch10_04_04" type="3D" page="439">
<title>CHCl3 (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch10_04_05" type="3D" page="439">
<title>CCl4 (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch10_04_06" type="3D" page="440">
<title>Chlorination Mechanism Step 2 montage (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch10_04_07" type="3D" page="440">
<title>Chlorination Mechanism Step 3 montage (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch10_05">
<title>10.5: Chlorination of Methane: Energy Changes</title>
<item id="ch10_05_01" type="3D" page="447">
<title>Fluoromethane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch10_05_02" type="3D" page="448">
<title>Chloromethane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch10_05_03" type="3D" page="449">
<title>Bromomethane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch10_05_04" type="3D" page="449">
<title>Iodomethane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch10_06">
<title>10.6: Halogenation of Higher Alkanes</title>
<item id="ch10_06_01" type="3D" page="450">
<title>Ethane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch10_06_02" type="3D" page="450">
<title>Chloroethane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch10_06_03" type="3D" page="451">
<title>Propane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch10_06_04" type="3D" page="451">
<title>Propyl Chloride (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch10_06_05" type="3D" page="451">
<title>Isopropyl Chloride (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch10_06_06" type="3D" page="451">
<title>Isobutane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch10_06_07" type="3D" page="451">
<title>Isobutyl Chloride (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch10_06_08" type="3D" page="451">
<title>tert-Butyl Chloride (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch10_07">
<title>10.7: The Geometry of Alkyl Radicals</title>
<item id="ch10_07_01" type="AG" page="453">
<title>Methyl Radical HOMO (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch10_07_02" type="3D" page="469">
<title>Methyl radical (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch10_10_03" type="3D" page="484">
<title>Ethyl radical (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch10_10_04" type="3D" page="484">
<title>tert-Butyl radical (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch10_10_05" type="3D" page="484">
<title>Oxygen (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch10_08">
<title>10.8: Reactions That Generate Tetrahedral Stereocenters</title>
<item id="ch10_08_01" type="3D" page="454">
<title>Pentane C2 Chlorination montage (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch10_11">
<title>10.11: Other Important Radical Reactions</title>
<item id="ch10_11_01" type="3D" page="461">
<title>Linoleic Acid (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch10_11_02" type="AG" page="463">
<title>Vitamin E (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch10_11_06" type="3D" page="479">
<title>Vitamin E (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch10_11_03" type="3D" page="463">
<title>BHT (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch10_11_04" type="AG" page="463">
<title>Vitamin C (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch10_11_05" type="3D" page="463">
<title>Vitamin C (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch10_11_07" type="3D" page="479">
<title>Vitamin C (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
</chapter>
<chapter id="ch11">
<title>Chapter 11: Alcohols and Ethers</title>
<section id="ch11_01">
<title>11.1: Structures and Nomenclature</title>
<item id="ch11_01_01" type="3D" page="477">
<title>Methanol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch11_01_02" type="3D" page="477">
<title>Ethanol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch11_01_03" type="3D" page="477">
<title>2-Propanol (isopropyl alcohol) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch11_01_04" type="3D" page="477">
<title>2-Methyl-2-propanol (tert-butyl alcohol) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch11_01_05" type="3D" page="479">
<title>Diethyl Ether (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch11_01_06" type="3D" page="480">
<title>Oxirane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch11_01_07" type="3D" page="480">
<title>Oxetane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch11_01_08" type="3D" page="480">
<title>Tetrahydrofuran (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch11_01_09" type="3D" page="480">
<title>1,4-Dioxane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch11_02">
<title>11.2: Physical Properties of Alcohols and Ethers</title>
<item id="ch11_02_01" type="3D" page="497">
<title>Methanol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch11_03">
<title>11.3: Important Alcohols and Ethers</title>
<item id="ch11_03_01" type="3D" page="483">
<title>Ethylene Glycol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch11_05">
<title>11.5: Reactions of Alcohols</title>
<item id="ch11_05_01" type="AG" page="493">
<title>Methanol Electostatic Potential Map (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch11_06">
<title>11.6: Alcohols as Acids</title>
<item id="ch11_06_01" type="DR" page="494">
<title>Acids Electrostatic Potential Display (DR)</title>
<description>An electronic flashcard screen to practice remembering reaction patterns and reagents.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch11_08">
<title>11.08: Reactions of Alcohols</title>
<item id="ch11_08_01" type="3D" page="493">
<title>Methanol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch11_13">
<title>11.13: Epoxides</title>
<item id="ch11_13_01" type="3D" page="508">
<title>Oxirane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch11_13_02" type="CU" page="509">
<title>Epoxidation Mechanism (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch11_13_03" type="IE" page="509">
<title>Epoxidation Mechanism (IE)</title>
<description>Interactive Exercise</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch11_16">
<title>11.16: Crown Ethers: Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions in Relatively Nonpolar Aprotic Solvents by Phase-Transfer Catalysis</title>
<item id="ch11_16_01" type="AG" page="521">
<title>18-Crown-6 (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch11_16_02" type="3D" page="527">
<title>18-Crown-6 (K+) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch11_17">
<title>11.17: Summary of Reactions of Alkenes, Alcohols, and Ethers</title>
<item id="ch11_17_01" type="DR" page="524">
<title>Alcohol Preparations Study Aid (DR)</title>
<description>An electronic flashcard screen to practice remembering reaction patterns and reagents.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch11_17_02" type="DR" page="524">
<title>Alcohol Reactions Study Aid (DR)</title>
<description>An electronic flashcard screen to practice remembering reaction patterns and reagents.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch11_17_03" type="DR" page="524">
<title>Ether and Epoxide Chemistry Study Aid (DR)</title>
<description>An electronic flashcard screen to practice remembering reaction patterns and reagents.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch11_17_04" type="3D" page="544">
<title>DMDO-(Z)-butene syn T.S. (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch11_17_05" type="3D" page="544">
<title>DMDO-(Z)-butene anti T.S. (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
</chapter>
<chapter id="ch12">
<title>Chapter 12: Alcohols from Carbonyl Compounds.  Oxidation-Reduction and Organometallic Compounds</title>
<section id="ch12_01">
<title>12.1: Structure of the Carbonyl Group</title>
<item id="ch12_01_01" type="CU" page="530">
<title>Carbonyl Group (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch12_01_02" type="AG" page="530">
<title>Formaldehyde pi Bonding Orbital (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch12_01_03" type="AG" page="531">
<title>Acetone Electrostatic Potential Map (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch12_01_04" type="3D" page="531">
<title>Formaldehyde (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch12_01_05" type="3D" page="531">
<title>Acetone (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch12_01_06" type="CU" page="530">
<title>Nucleophilic Addition to a Carbonyl (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch12_01_07" type="3D" page="545">
<title>Nicotinamide (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch12_01_08" type="3D" page="546">
<title>Formaldehyde (Methanal) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch12_01_09" type="3D" page="547">
<title>Acetone (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch12_03">
<title>12.3: Alcohols by Reduction of Carbonyl Compounds. The Chemistry of... Alcohol Dehydrogenase. The Chemistry of... Stereoselective Reduction of Carbonyl Groups</title>
<item id="ch12_03_01" type="3D" page="552">
<title>Nicotinamide (reduced form) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch12_06">
<title>12.6: Preparation of Organolithium and Organomagnesium Compounds</title>
<item id="ch12_06_01" type="AG" page="531">
<title>Phenylmagnesium Bromide Solvated by Diethyl Ether (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch12_11">
<title>12.11: Summary</title>
<item id="ch12_11_01" type="DR" page="559">
<title>Oxidation-Reduction Reactions Study Aid (DR)</title>
<description>An electronic flashcard screen to practice remembering reaction patterns and reagents.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch12_11_02" type="DR" page="560">
<title>Grignard Reactions Study Aid (DR)</title>
<description>An electronic flashcard screen to practice remembering reaction patterns and reagents.</description>
</item>
</section>
</chapter>
<chapter id="ch13">
<title>Chapter 13: Conjugated Unsaturated Systems</title>
<section id="ch13_01">
<title>13.1: Molecules with the Nobel Prize in Their Synthetic Lineage</title>
<item id="ch13_01_01" type="3D" page="572">
<title>Morphine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch13_03">
<title>13.3: The Stability of the Allyl Radical</title>
<item id="ch13_03_01" type="AG" page="578">
<title>Allyl Radical MOs (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch13_03_02" type="3D" page="591">
<title>Allyl radical (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch13_04">
<title>13.4: The Allyl Cation</title>
<item id="ch13_04_01" type="AG" page="581">
<title>Allyl Cation MOs (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch13_04_02" type="3D" page="594">
<title>Allyl cation (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch13_05">
<title>13.5: Summary of Rules for Resonance</title>
<item id="ch13_05_01" type="3D" page="583">
<title>2,3-Di-tert-butyl-1,3-butadiene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch13_05_02" type="3D" page="583">
<title>Benzene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch13_05_03" type="CU" page="583">
<title>Benzene Resonance (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch13_05_04" type="IE" page="583">
<title>Benzene Resonance (IE)</title>
<description>Interactive Exercise</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch13_06">
<title>13.6: Alkadienes and Polysaturated Hydrocarbons</title>
<item id="ch13_06_01" type="3D" page="586">
<title>1,2-Propadiene (allene) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch13_06_02" type="3D" page="586">
<title>1,3-Butadiene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch13_06_03" type="3D" page="586">
<title>1,3-Cyclohexadiene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch13_06_04" type="3D" page="586">
<title>1,4-Cyclohexadiene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch13_07">
<title>13.7: 1,3-Butadiene: Electron Delocalization</title>
<item id="ch13_07_01" type="3D" page="588">
<title>s-cis Conformation of 1,3-Butadiene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch13_07_02" type="3D" page="588">
<title>s-trans Conformation of 1,3-Butadiene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch13_07_03" type="AG" page="589">
<title>1,3-Butadiene MOs (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch13_07_04" type="3D" page="602">
<title>1,3-Butadiene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch13_09">
<title>13.9: Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy</title>
<item id="ch13_09_01" type="AG" page="594">
<title>Beta-Carotene (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch13_09_02" type="3D" page="594">
<title>Beta-Carotene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch13_09_03" type="3D" page="597">
<title>All-trans-Vitamin A (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch13_11">
<title>13.12: The Diels-Alder Reaction: A 1,4-Cycloaddition Reaction of Dienes</title>
<item id="ch13_11_01" type="3D" page="604">
<title>1,3-Butadiene, Maleic Anhydride Diels-Alder Adduct (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch13_11_02" type="CU" page="604">
<title>Diels-Alder Reaction (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch13_11_03" type="3D" page="606">
<title>s-cis Conformation of 1,3-Butadiene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch13_11_04" type="3D" page="606">
<title>s-trans Conformation of 1,3-Butadiene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch13_11_05" type="3D" page="606">
<title>Hypothetical Highly Strained s-trans Adduct (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch13_11_06" type="AG" page="607">
<title>Cyclopentadiene, Maleic Anhydride Diels-Alder Reaction (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch13_11_07" type="3D" page="607">
<title>Cyclopentadienem Maleic Anhydride Diels-Alder Adduct (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch13_11_08" type="3D" page="607">
<title>Dicyclopentadiene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch13_11_09" type="CU" page="607">
<title>Exo/endo Diels-Alder Reactions (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch13_11_10" type="3D" page="607">
<title>Adduct with Exo Substituent (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch13_11_11" type="3D" page="607">
<title>Adduct with Endo Substituent (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch13_11_12" type="3D" page="607">
<title>[3,2,1]-Bicyclic Ring System (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch13_11_13" type="AG" page="608">
<title>Diels-Alder MOs (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch13_11_14" type="3D" page="609">
<title>Cyclopentadiene, Maleic Anhydride Diels-Alder Endo Adduct (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch13_11_15" type="3D" page="609">
<title>Cyclopentadiene, Maleic Anhydride Diels-Alder Exo Adduct (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch13_11_16" type="3D" page="620">
<title>Cyclopentadiene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch13_11_17" type="3D" page="608">
<title>Maleic anhydride (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch13_11_18" type="3D" page="629">
<title>Pentadienyl carbocation (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch13_11_19" type="AG" page="629">
<title>Pentadienyl carbocation (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
</section>
</chapter>
<chapter id="ch14">
<title>Chapter 14: Aromatic Compounds</title>
<section id="ch14_01">
<title>14.1: Introduction</title>
<item id="ch14_01_01" type="AG" page="620">
<title>Benzene, MO and Electrostatic Potential Mesh (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_01_02" type="3D" page="631">
<title>Benzene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch14_04">
<title>14.4: The Kekule Structure of Benzene</title>
<item id="ch14_04_01" type="3D" page="624">
<title>Structure (a) (2,4-hexadiyne) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_04_02" type="3D" page="624">
<title>Structure (b) (prismane) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_04_03" type="3D" page="624">
<title>Structure (c) (methylenecyclopentadiene) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_04_04" type="3D" page="624">
<title>Structure (d) (bicyclo[2.2.0]hexadiene) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_04_05" type="3D" page="625">
<title>Benzene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch14_05">
<title>14.5: The Stability of Benzene</title>
<item id="ch14_05_01" type="3D" page="626">
<title>Cyclohexane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_05_02" type="3D" page="626">
<title>Cyclohexene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_05_03" type="3D" page="626">
<title>1,3-Cyclohexadiene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch14_06">
<title>14.6: Modern Theories of the Structure of Benzene</title>
<item id="ch14_06_01" type="CU" page="627">
<title>Benzene Resonance (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_06_02" type="IE" page="627">
<title>Benzene Resonance (IE)</title>
<description>Interactive Exercise</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_06_03" type="CU" page="629">
<title>Benzene Molecular Orbitals (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_06_04" type="AG" page="629">
<title>Benzene Electrostatic Potential Map (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_06_05" type="3D" page="639">
<title>Benzene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch14_07">
<title>14.7: Huckel's Rule: The (4n+2) p Electron Rule</title>
<item id="ch14_07_01" type="3D" page="630">
<title>Cyclooctatetraene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_07_02" type="3D" page="631">
<title>Benzene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_07_03" type="3D" page="631">
<title>Cyclooctatetraene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_07_04" type="3D" page="631">
<title>[18]Annulene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_07_05" type="AG" page="631">
<title>[18]Annulene (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_07_06" type="3D" page="631">
<title>[10]Annulene structure 4 (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_07_07" type="3D" page="631">
<title>[10]Annulene structure 5 (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_07_08" type="3D" page="631">
<title>[10]Annulene structure 6 (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_07_09" type="3D" page="633">
<title>[18]Annulene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_07_10" type="AG" page="633">
<title>[18]Annulene (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_07_11" type="3D" page="634">
<title>Cyclopentadiene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_07_12" type="3D" page="634">
<title>Cyclopentadienyl Anion (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_07_17" type="3D" page="634">
<title>Cyclopentadienyl anion (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_07_13" type="AG" page="634">
<title>Cyclopentadienyl Anion Electrostatic Potential Map (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_07_14" type="3D" page="635">
<title>Cycloheptatriene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_07_15" type="3D" page="635">
<title>Cycloheptatrienyl Cation (Tropylium Ion) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_07_18" type="3D" page="635">
<title>Cycloheptatrienyl cation (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_07_16" type="AG" page="635">
<title>Tropylium Cation Electrostatic Potential Map (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch14_08">
<title>14.8: Other Aromatic Compounds</title>
<item id="ch14_08_01" type="3D" page="638">
<title>Napthalene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_08_02" type="3D" page="638">
<title>Anthracene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_08_03" type="3D" page="638">
<title>Phenanthrene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_08_04" type="3D" page="638">
<title>Pyrene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_08_05" type="3D" page="638">
<title>Benzo[a]pyrene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_08_06" type="3D" page="639">
<title>trans-15,16-Dimethyldihydropyrene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_08_07" type="3D" page="640">
<title>Azulene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_08_08" type="AG" page="640">
<title>Azulene Electrostatic Potential Map (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_08_09" type="3D" page="640">
<title>Buckminsterfullerene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_08_10" type="3D" page="649">
<title>Naphthalene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_08_11" type="3D" page="650">
<title>Azulene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_08_12" type="3D" page="651">
<title>Buckminsterfullerene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch14_09">
<title>14.9: Heterocyclic Aromatic Compounds</title>
<item id="ch14_09_01" type="3D" page="642">
<title>Pyridine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_09_05" type="3D" page="653">
<title>Pyridine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_09_02" type="3D" page="642">
<title>Pyrrole (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_09_06" type="3D" page="653">
<title>Pyrrole (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_09_03" type="3D" page="643">
<title>Furan (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_09_07" type="3D" page="653">
<title>Furan (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_09_04" type="3D" page="643">
<title>Thiophene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_09_08" type="3D" page="653">
<title>Thiophene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_09_09" type="3D" page="670">
<title>(3E)-1,3,5-Hexatriene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch14_10">
<title>14.10: Aromatic Compounds in Biochemistry</title>
<item id="ch14_10_01" type="3D" page="643">
<title>Indole (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_10_02" type="3D" page="644">
<title>Purine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch14_10_03" type="3D" page="644">
<title>Pyrimidine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
</chapter>
<chapter id="ch15">
<title>Chapter 15: Reactions of Aromatic Compounds</title>
<section id="ch15_01">
<title>15.1: Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Reactions</title>
<item id="ch15_01_01" type="3D" page="662">
<title>Benzene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch15_01_02" type="DR" page="663">
<title>Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Reactions (DR)</title>
<description>An electronic flashcard screen to practice remembering reaction patterns and reagents.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch15_02">
<title>15.2: A General Mechanism for Electrophilic Aromatic Substitutions: Arenium Ions</title>
<item id="ch15_02_01" type="CU" page="664">
<title>Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch15_02_02" type="IE" page="664">
<title>Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution (IE)</title>
<description>Interactive Exercise</description>
</item>
<item id="ch15_02_03" type="AG" page="664">
<title>Arenium Ion Electrostatic Potential Mesh (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch15_02_04" type="3D" page="674">
<title>Bromobenzene arenium ion (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch15_07">
<title>15.7: Fiedel-Crafts Acylation</title>
<item id="ch15_07_01" type="3D" page="672">
<title>Acetophenone (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch15_07_02" type="3D" page="672">
<title>Benzoic Acid (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch15_10">
<title>15.10: Effect of Substituents on Reactivity and Orientation</title>
<item id="ch15_10_01" type="3D" page="678">
<title>Phenol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch15_10_02" type="3D" page="678">
<title>Aniline (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch15_10_03" type="AG" page="678">
<title>2,4,6-Tribromoaniline (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch15_10_04" type="3D" page="679">
<title>Nitrobenzene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch15_11">
<title>15.11: Theory of Substituent Effects on Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution</title>
<item id="ch15_11_01" type="AG" page="682">
<title>Arenium Ion Electrostatic Potential Maps (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch15_11_02" type="3D" page="692">
<title>p-Bromotoluene arenium ion (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch15_11_03" type="3D" page="682">
<title>p-bromo-trifluoromethylbenzene arenium ion (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch15_12">
<title>15.12: Reactions of the Side Chain of Alkylbenzenes</title>
<item id="ch15_12_01" type="AG" page="694">
<title>Benzyl Radical HOMO and Benzyl Cation Electrostatic Potential Map (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch15_12_02" type="3D" page="703">
<title>Benzyl cation (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch15_12_03" type="3D" page="703">
<title>Benzyl radical (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch15_13">
<title>15.13: Alkenyl Benzenes</title>
<item id="ch15_13_01" type="3D" page="697">
<title>Benzoic Acid (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch15_16">
<title>15.16: Reduction of Aromatic Compounds</title>
<item id="ch15_16_01" type="3D" page="705">
<title>Benzene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch15_16_02" type="3D" page="705">
<title>1,4-Cyclohexadiene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
</chapter>
<chapter id="ch16">
<title>Chapter 16: Aldehydes and Ketones I. Nucleophilic Addition to the Carbonyl Group</title>
<section id="ch16_01">
<title>16.1: Introduction</title>
<item id="ch16_01_01" type="CU" page="715">
<title>Carbonyl Group (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch16_01_02" type="3D" page="725">
<title>Formaldehyde (Methanal) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch16_02">
<title>16.2: Nomenclature of Aldehydes and Ketones</title>
<item id="ch16_02_01" type="3D" page="716">
<title>Methanal (formaldehyde) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch16_02_02" type="3D" page="716">
<title>Ethanal (acetaldehyde) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch16_02_07" type="3D" page="726">
<title>Acetaldehyde (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch16_02_03" type="3D" page="716">
<title>Benzenecarbaldehyde (benzaldehyde) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch16_02_04" type="3D" page="717">
<title>Acetone (propanone or dimethyl ketone) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch16_02_08" type="3D" page="726">
<title>Acetone (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch16_02_05" type="3D" page="717">
<title>Acetophenone (1-phenylethanone or methyl phenyl ketone) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch16_02_06" type="3D" page="717">
<title>Benzophenone (diphenylmethanone or diphenyl ketone) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch16_03">
<title>16.3: Physical Properties</title>
<item id="ch16_03_01" type="3D" page="718">
<title>Benzaldehyde (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch16_03_02" type="3D" page="718">
<title>Vanillin (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch16_03_03" type="3D" page="718">
<title>Salicylaldehyde (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch16_03_04" type="3D" page="718">
<title>Cinnamaldehyde (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch16_03_05" type="3D" page="718">
<title>Piperonal (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch16_05">
<title>16.5: Synthesis of Ketones</title>
<item id="ch16_05_01" type="DR" page="723">
<title>Carbonyl Group Preparations Study Aid (DR)</title>
<description>An electronic flashcard screen to practice remembering reaction patterns and reagents.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch16_06">
<title>16.6: Nucleophilic Addition to the Carbon-Oxygen Double Bond</title>
<item id="ch16_06_01" type="CU" page="728">
<title>Nucleophilic Addition to a Carbonyl (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch16_07">
<title>16.7: The Addition of Alcohols: Hemiacetals and Aceltals</title>
<item id="ch16_07_01" type="3D" page="731">
<title>A Hemiacetal (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch16_07_02" type="3D" page="731">
<title>A Cyclic Hemiacetal (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch16_07_03" type="3D" page="731">
<title>(+)-Glucose (a cyclic hemiacetal) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch16_07_04" type="3D" page="732">
<title>Acetaldehyde Hydrate (a gem-diol) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch16_07_05" type="3D" page="733">
<title>Chloral Hydrate (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch16_07_06" type="3D" page="734">
<title>An Acetal (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch16_07_07" type="3D" page="734">
<title>Sucrose (two cyclic hemiacetal groups) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch16_07_08" type="3D" page="735">
<title>A Cyclic Acetal (or Ketal) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch16_07_09" type="3D" page="737">
<title>A Thioacetal (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch16_07_10" type="3D" page="737">
<title>A Cyclic Thioacetal (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch16_08">
<title>16.8: The Addition of Derivatives of Ammonia</title>
<item id="ch16_08_01" type="3D" page="738">
<title>An Imine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch16_08_02" type="3D" page="738">
<title>An Aminoalcohol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch16_09">
<title>16.9: The Addition of Hydrogen Cyanide</title>
<item id="ch16_09_01" type="3D" page="743">
<title>A Cyanohydrin (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch16_10">
<title>16.10: The Addition of Ylides: The Wittig Reaction</title>
<item id="ch16_10_01" type="AG" page="746">
<title>An OxaPhosphetane (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch16_15">
<title>16.15: Summary</title>
<item id="ch16_15_01" type="DR" page="755">
<title>Carbonyl Group Reactions Study Aid (DR)</title>
<description>An electronic flashcard screen to practice remembering reaction patterns and reagents.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch16_15_02" type="DR" page="755">
<title>Carbonyl Group Preparations Study Aid (DR)</title>
<description>An electronic flashcard screen to practice remembering reaction patterns and reagents.</description>
</item>
</section>
</chapter>
<chapter id="ch17">
<title>Chapter 17: Aldehydes and Ketones II. Aldol Reactions</title>
<section id="ch17_01">
<title>17.1: The Acidity of the Alpha Hydrogens of Carbonyl Compounds: Enolate Anions</title>
<item id="ch17_01_01" type="DR" page="768">
<title>Acids Electrostatic Potential Display (DR)</title>
<description>An electronic flashcard screen to practice remembering reaction patterns and reagents.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch17_01_02" type="3D" page="768">
<title>Enol Tautomer (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch17_01_03" type="CU" page="768">
<title>Enolate Anion (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch17_01_04" type="3D" page="768">
<title>Enolate Anion (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch17_01_05" type="3D" page="768">
<title>Keto Tautomer (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch17_01_07" type="AG" page="769">
<title>Acetone Enolate Electrostatic Potential Map (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch17_02">
<title>17.2: Keto and Enol Tautomers</title>
<item id="ch17_02_01" type="AG" page="770">
<title>Enol Form of 2,4-Pentanedione (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch17_02_02" type="3D" page="770">
<title>2,4-Pentanedione, Keto Form (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch17_02_03" type="3D" page="770">
<title>2,4-Pentanedione, Enol Form (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch17_02_04" type="3D" page="780">
<title>Acetone (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch17_02_05" type="3D" page="780">
<title>Acetone enolate (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch17_09">
<title>17.9: Additions to Alpha, Beta-Unsaturated Aldehydes and Ketones</title>
<item id="ch17_09_01" type="3D" page="797">
<title>4-Methyl-2-cyclohexenone, starting a,b-unsaturated ketones (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch17_09_02" type="3D" page="797">
<title>trans-3,4-Dimethylcyclohexanone, 98% addition product (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch17_09_03" type="3D" page="797">
<title>cis-3,4-Dimethylcyclohexanone, 2% addition product (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch17_09_04" type="AG" page="799">
<title>Calicheamicin (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch17_10">
<title>17.10: Summary</title>
<item id="ch17_10_01" type="DR" page="800">
<title>Carbonyl Halogenation and Aldol Reactions Study Aid (DR)</title>
<description>An electronic flashcard screen to practice remembering reaction patterns and reagents.</description>
</item>
</section>
</chapter>
<chapter id="ch18">
<title>Chapter 18: Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives. Nucleophilic Addition-Elimination at the Acyl Carbon</title>
<section id="ch18_01">
<title>18.1: Introduction</title>
<item id="ch18_01_01" type="3D" page="811">
<title>Acyl (or acid) Chloride (acetyl chloride) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch18_01_02" type="3D" page="811">
<title>Acid Anhydride (acetic anhydride) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch18_01_03" type="3D" page="811">
<title>Ester (methyl acetate) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch18_01_04" type="3D" page="811">
<title>Nitrile (acetonitrile) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch18_01_05" type="3D" page="811">
<title>Amide (acetamide) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch18_01_06" type="3D" page="811">
<title>Amide (N-methylacetamide) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch18_01_07" type="3D" page="811">
<title>Amide (N,N-dimethylacetamide) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch18_02">
<title>18.2: Nomenclature and Physical Properties</title>
<item id="ch18_02_01" type="3D" page="812">
<title>Formic acid (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch18_02_02" type="3D" page="812">
<title>Acetic acid (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch18_02_03" type="3D" page="812">
<title>Chloroacetic Acid (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch18_02_04" type="3D" page="812">
<title>Benzoic Acid (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch18_02_05" type="3D" page="813">
<title>Acetate Ion (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch18_02_06" type="3D" page="813">
<title>Benzoate Anion (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch18_02_07" type="DR" page="813">
<title>Acids Electrostatic Potential Display (DR)</title>
<description>An electronic flashcard screen to practice remembering reaction patterns and reagents.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch18_02_08" type="3D" page="816">
<title>Methyl Acetate (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch18_02_09" type="3D" page="816">
<title>Ethyl Acetate (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch18_02_10" type="3D" page="816">
<title>Acetic Anhydride (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch18_02_11" type="3D" page="816">
<title>Acetyl Chloride (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch18_02_12" type="3D" page="817">
<title>Acetamide (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch18_02_13" type="3D" page="817">
<title>N,N-Dimethylacetamide (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch18_02_14" type="3D" page="817">
<title>Ethaneitrile (acetonitrile) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch18_02_15" type="3D" page="817">
<title>Acetic acid (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch18_02_16" type="3D" page="817">
<title>Acetate anion (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch18_03">
<title>18.3: Preparation of Carboxylic Acids</title>
<item id="ch18_03_01" type="DR" page="822">
<title>Carbonation of Grignard Reagents Interactive Lesson (DR)</title>
<description>An electronic flashcard screen to practice remembering reaction patterns and reagents.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch18_03_02" type="DR" page="822">
<title>Carboxylic Acid Preparations Study Aid (DR)</title>
<description>An electronic flashcard screen to practice remembering reaction patterns and reagents.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch18_04">
<title>18.4: Nucleophilic Addition-Elimination at the Acyl Carbon</title>
<item id="ch18_04_01" type="CU" page="823">
<title>Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch18_07">
<title>18.7: Esters</title>
<item id="ch18_07_01" type="3D" page="835">
<title>Erythromycin A (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch18_07_02" type="3D" page="835">
<title>Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch18_07_03" type="3D" page="838">
<title>Vitamin C (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch18_08">
<title>18.8: Amides</title>
<item id="ch18_08_01" type="3D" page="844">
<title>Penicillin G (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch18_11">
<title>18.11: Decarboxylation of Carboxylic Acids</title>
<item id="ch18_11_01" type="3D" page="849">
<title>b-Keto Acid (acetoacetic acid) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch18_11_02" type="3D" page="850">
<title>Thiamine (vitamin B1) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch18_11_03" type="3D" page="850">
<title>Malonic Acid (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch18_12">
<title>18.12: Summary</title>
<item id="ch18_12_01" type="DR" page="852">
<title>Acid Derivative Interconversions Study Aid (DR)</title>
<description>An electronic flashcard screen to practice remembering reaction patterns and reagents.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch18_12_02" type="3D" page="869">
<title>Shikimic acid (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
</chapter>
<chapter id="ch19">
<title>Chapter 19: Synthesis and Reactions of Beta-Dicarbonyl Compounds: More Chemistry of Enolate Ions</title>
<section id="ch19_01">
<title>19.1: Introduction</title>
<item id="ch19_01_01" type="3D" page="878">
<title>The b-Dicarbonyl System (2,4-pentanedione) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch19_01_02" type="3D" page="887">
<title>Acetone enolate (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch19_02">
<title>19.2: The Claisen Condensation: The Synthesis of Beta-Keto Esters</title>
<item id="ch19_02_01" type="3D" page="879">
<title>Sodioacetoacetic Ester Anion (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch19_02_02" type="3D" page="888">
<title>Ethyl acetoacetate (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch19_07">
<title>19.7: Alkylation of 1,3-Dithians</title>
<item id="ch19_07_01" type="3D" page="898">
<title>1,3-Dithiane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch19_07_02" type="3D" page="898">
<title>A 1,3-Dithiane (2-ethyl) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch19_07_03" type="3D" page="899">
<title>A Metaparacyclophane (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch19_10">
<title>19.10: The Mannich Reaction</title>
<item id="ch19_10_01" type="AG" page="902">
<title>A Suicide Enzyme Substrat (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch19_11">
<title>19.11: Synthesis of Enamines: Stork Enamine Reactions</title>
<item id="ch19_11_01" type="3D" page="905">
<title>Pyrrolidine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch19_11_02" type="3D" page="905">
<title>Piperidine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch19_11_03" type="3D" page="905">
<title>Morpholine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch19_11_04" type="3D" page="905">
<title>N-(1-Cyclohexenyl) pyrrolidine (an enamine) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch19_11_05" type="3D" page="908">
<title>Chiral Enamine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch19_12">
<title>19.12: Barbiturates</title>
<item id="ch19_12_01" type="3D" page="908">
<title>Barbituric Acid (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch19_12_02" type="AG" page="910">
<title>Phenobarbitol (5-ethyl-5-phenylbarbituric acid) Phenobarbitol (5-ethyl-5-phenylbarbituric acid) (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch19_13">
<title>19.13: Summary</title>
<item id="ch19_13_01" type="DR" page="911">
<title>Claisen Condensations and Acetoacetic Ester and Malonic Ester Syntheses Study Aid Claisen Condensations and Acetoacetic Ester and Malonic Ester Syntheses Study Aid (DR)</title>
<description>An electronic flashcard screen to practice remembering reaction patterns and reagents.</description>
</item>
</section>
</chapter>
<chapter id="ch20">
<title>Chapter 20: Amines</title>
<section id="ch20_01">
<title>20.1: Nomenclature</title>
<item id="ch20_01_01" type="3D" page="943">
<title>d-Tubocurarine Chloride) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch20_01_02" type="3D" page="944">
<title>Methylamine (methanamine) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch20_01_03" type="3D" page="944">
<title>Ethylamine (ethanamine) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch20_01_04" type="3D" page="944">
<title>Diethylamine (N-ethylethanamine) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch20_01_05" type="3D" page="944">
<title>Triethylamine (N,N-diethylethanamine) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch20_01_06" type="3D" page="944">
<title>Ethylmethylpropylamine (N-ethyl-N-methyl-1-propanamine) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch20_01_07" type="3D" page="944">
<title>Aniline (benzenanamine) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch20_01_08" type="3D" page="945">
<title>Pyrrole (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch20_01_09" type="3D" page="945">
<title>Imidazole (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch20_01_10" type="3D" page="945">
<title>Indole (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch20_01_11" type="3D" page="945">
<title>Pyridine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch20_01_12" type="3D" page="945">
<title>Pyrimidine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch20_01_13" type="3D" page="945">
<title>Purine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch20_02">
<title>20.2: Physical Properties and Structure of Amines</title>
<item id="ch20_02_01" type="3D" page="946">
<title>Trimethylamine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch20_02_04" type="3D" page="944">
<title>Trimethylamine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch20_02_02" type="AG" page="946">
<title>Trimethylamine Electrostatic Potential Map (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch20_02_03" type="3D" page="947">
<title>Quaternary Ammonium Ion (Butylethylmethylpropylammonium ion) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch20_03">
<title>20.3: Basicity of Amines: Amine Salts</title>
<item id="ch20_03_01" type="DR" page="947">
<title>Acids Electrostatic Potential Display  (DR)</title>
<description>An electronic flashcard screen to practice remembering reaction patterns and reagents.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch20_03_02" type="AG" page="950">
<title>Ethylamine and Acetamide Electrostatic Potential Maps (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch20_03_03" type="3D" page="953">
<title>(-)-Strychnine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch20_04">
<title>20.4: Some Biologically Important Amines</title>
<item id="ch20_04_01" type="AG" page="955">
<title>Adrenaline (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch20_04_02" type="3D" page="955">
<title>Adrenaline (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch20_04_03" type="3D" page="955">
<title>Amphetamine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch20_04_04" type="3D" page="955">
<title>Morphine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch20_04_05" type="3D" page="955">
<title>Quinine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch20_04_06" type="3D" page="956">
<title>Thiamine (vitamin B1) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch20_04_07" type="3D" page="956">
<title>Nicotine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch20_05">
<title>20.5: Preparation of Amines</title>
<item id="ch20_05_01" type="DR" page="962">
<title>Preparation of Amines Study Aid (DR)</title>
<description>An electronic flashcard screen to practice remembering reaction patterns and reagents.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch20_07">
<title>20.7: Reactions of Amines with Nitrous Acid</title>
<item id="ch20_07_01" type="3D" page="967">
<title>Arenediazonium Ion (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch20_09">
<title>20.9: Coupling Reactions of Arenediazonium Salts</title>
<item id="ch20_09_01" type="3D" page="973">
<title>An Azo Compound (azobenzene) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch20_10">
<title>20.10: Reactions of Amines with Sulfonyl Chlorides</title>
<item id="ch20_10_01" type="DR" page="975">
<title>Amines Reactions Study Aid (DR)</title>
<description>An electronic flashcard screen to practice remembering reaction patterns and reagents.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch20_11">
<title>20.11: The Sulfa Drugs: Sulfanilamide</title>
<item id="ch20_11_01" type="3D" page="977">
<title>Sulfanilamide (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch20_11_02" type="3D" page="979">
<title>p-Aminobenzoic Acid (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
</chapter>
<chapter id="ch21">
<title>Chapter 21: Phenols and Aryl Halides: Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution</title>
<section id="ch21_01">
<title>21.1: Structure and Nomenclature of Phenols</title>
<item id="ch21_01_01" type="3D" page="1015">
<title>4-tert-Butylcalix[4]arene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch21_01_02" type="3D" page="1015">
<title>Phenol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch21_01_05" type="3D" page="1009">
<title>Phenol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch21_01_03" type="3D" page="1016">
<title>2-Nitrophenol (o-nitrophenol) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch21_01_04" type="3D" page="1016">
<title>1,4-Benzenediol (hydroquinone) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch21_02">
<title>21.2: Naturally Occuring Phenols</title>
<item id="ch21_02_01" type="AG" page="1017">
<title>Estradiol (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch21_05">
<title>21.5: Reactions of Phenols as Acids</title>
<item id="ch21_05_01" type="DR" page="1023">
<title>Acids Electrostatic Potential Display (DR)</title>
<description>An electronic flashcard screen to practice remembering reaction patterns and reagents.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch21_08">
<title>21.8: Reactions of the Benzene Ring of Phenols</title>
<item id="ch21_08_01" type="3D" page="1027">
<title>o-Nitrophenol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch21_10">
<title>21.10: Quinones</title>
<item id="ch21_10_01" type="3D" page="1031">
<title>Hydroquinone (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch21_10_02" type="3D" page="1031">
<title>p-Benzoquinone (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch21_11">
<title>21.11: Aryl Halides and Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution</title>
<item id="ch21_11_01" type="CU" page="1036">
<title>Benzyne mechanism (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch21_11_02" type="3D" page="1036">
<title>Benzyne (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch21_11_03" type="3D" page="1036">
<title>Benzyne Diels-Alder Adduct (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch21_11_04" type="3D" page="1030">
<title>Benzyne (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
</chapter>
<chapter id="ch22">
<title>Chapter 22: Carbohydrates</title>
<section id="ch22_01">
<title>22.1: Introduction</title>
<item id="ch22_01_01" type="3D" page="1088">
<title>Sialyl Lewis (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch22_02">
<title>22.2: Monosaccharides</title>
<item id="ch22_02_01" type="3D" page="1093">
<title>(R)-(+)-Glyceraldehyde (D-Glyceraldehyde) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch22_02_02" type="3D" page="1093">
<title>(S)-(-)-Glyceraldehyde (L-Glyceraldehyde) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch22_02_03" type="CU" page="1095">
<title>Haworth Formulas (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch22_02_04" type="3D" page="1095">
<title>a-D-(+)-Glucopyranose (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch22_02_05" type="3D" page="1095">
<title>b-D-(+)-Glucopyranose (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch22_02_06" type="3D" page="1078">
<title>D-glucose (open chain) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch22_02_07" type="3D" page="1080">
<title>alpha-D-Glucose (pyranose form) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch22_03">
<title>22.3: Mutarotation</title>
<item id="ch22_03_01" type="3D" page="1098">
<title>a- and b-D-(+)-Glucopyranose (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch22_05">
<title>22.5: Other Reactions of Monosaccharides</title>
<item id="ch22_05_01" type="3D" page="1104">
<title>Acetonide of a-D-galactopyranose (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch22_06">
<title>22.6: Oxidation Reactions of Monosaccharides</title>
<item id="ch22_06_01" type="3D" page="1106">
<title>D-Glucono-d-lactone (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch22_06_02" type="3D" page="1106">
<title>D-Gluconic-g-lactone (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch22_10">
<title>22.10: The D Family of Aldoses</title>
<item id="ch22_10_01" type="3D" page="1115">
<title>D-Ribose (b anomer) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch22_10_02" type="3D" page="1115">
<title>D-Galactose (a anomer) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch22_12">
<title>22.12: Disaccharides</title>
<item id="ch22_12_01" type="3D" page="1118">
<title>b-D-(+)-Fructofuranose (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch22_12_02" type="AG" page="1118">
<title>Sucrose (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch22_12_03" type="3D" page="1118">
<title>Sucrose (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch22_12_04" type="3D" page="1119">
<title>Maltose (b anomer) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch22_12_05" type="3D" page="1121">
<title>Cellobiose (b anomer) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch22_12_06" type="3D" page="1119">
<title>Lactose (b anomer) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch22_13">
<title>22.13: Polysaccharides</title>
<item id="ch22_13_01" type="CU" page="1124">
<title>Amylose (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch22_14">
<title>22.14: Other Biologically Important Sugars</title>
<item id="ch22_14_01" type="3D" page="1129">
<title>b-2-Deoxy-D-ribose (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch22_15">
<title>22.15: Sugars that Contain Nitrogen</title>
<item id="ch22_15_01" type="3D" page="1129">
<title>Adenosine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch22_16">
<title>22.16: Glycolipids and Glycoproteins of the Cell Surface</title>
<item id="ch22_16_01" type="3D" page="1131">
<title>Sialyl Lewis (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch22_18">
<title>22.18: Summary</title>
<item id="ch22_18_01" type="DR" page="1133">
<title>Monosaccharide Reactions Study Aid (DR)</title>
<description>An electronic flashcard screen to practice remembering reaction patterns and reagents.</description>
</item>
</section>
</chapter>
<chapter id="ch23">
<title>Chapter 23: Lipids</title>
<section id="ch23_01">
<title>23.1: Introduction</title>
<item id="ch23_01_01" type="3D" page="1142">
<title>Sphingomyelin (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch23_01_02" type="3D" page="1143">
<title>A Fat or Oil (a triacylglycerol) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch23_01_03" type="3D" page="1143">
<title>Menthol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch23_01_04" type="3D" page="1143">
<title>Vitamin A (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch23_01_05" type="3D" page="1144">
<title>A Lecithin (a phosphatide) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch23_01_06" type="3D" page="1144">
<title>Cholesterol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch23_02">
<title>23.2: Fatty Acids and Triacylglycerides</title>
<item id="ch23_02_01" type="3D" page="1144">
<title>A Fat or Oil (a triacylglycerol) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch23_02_02" type="3D" page="1145">
<title>Stearic Acid (octadecanoic acid) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch23_02_03" type="3D" page="1145">
<title>Oleic Acid (cis-9-octadecenoic acid) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch23_02_10" type="3D" page="1132">
<title>cis-9-Octadenoic acid (Oleic acid) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch23_02_04" type="3D" page="1145">
<title>Linoleic Acid (cis,cis-9,12-octadecadienoic acid) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch23_02_05" type="3D" page="1145">
<title>Linolenic Acid (cis,cis,cis-9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch23_02_06" type="AG" page="1146">
<title>A Saturated Triacylglycerol (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch23_02_07" type="3D" page="1147">
<title>An Unsaturated Fat (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch23_02_08" type="3D" page="1147">
<title>A Fat or Oil (a triacylglycerol) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch23_02_09" type="CU" page="1149">
<title>Micelle Formation (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch23_03">
<title>23.3: Terpenes and Terpenoids</title>
<item id="ch23_03_01" type="3D" page="1152">
<title>Isoprene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch23_03_02" type="3D" page="1153">
<title>Limonene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch23_03_03" type="3D" page="1153">
<title>Menthol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch23_03_04" type="3D" page="1154">
<title>a-Carotene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch23_03_05" type="3D" page="1154">
<title>b-Carotene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch23_03_06" type="3D" page="1155">
<title>Vitamin A (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch23_03_07" type="3D" page="1141">
<title>(R)-Limonene (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch23_03_08" type="3D" page="1143">
<title>Vitamin E (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch23_04">
<title>23.4: Steroids</title>
<item id="ch23_04_01" type="3D" page="1156">
<title>5a Steroid Ring System (all trans) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch23_04_02" type="3D" page="1156">
<title>5b Steroid Ring System (A,B cis)) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch23_04_03" type="3D" page="1158">
<title>Cholesterol (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch23_04_04" type="AG" page="1159">
<title>Estradiol (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch23_06">
<title>23.6: Phospholipids and Cell Membranes</title>
<item id="ch23_06_01" type="3D" page="1168">
<title>A Lecithin (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch23_06_02" type="3D" page="1170">
<title>Sphingomyelin (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
</chapter>
<chapter id="ch24">
<title>Chapter 24: Amino Acids and Proteins</title>
<section id="ch24_01">
<title>24.1: Introduction</title>
<item id="ch24_01_01" type="AG" page="1179">
<title>Diels Alder Catalytic Antibody (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch24_01_02" type="3D" page="1180">
<title>An a-Amino Acid (Alanine) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch24_01_03" type="3D" page="1180">
<title>A Portion of a Protein Molecule (fully extended peptide chain) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch24_01_04" type="3D" page="1181">
<title>An L-a-Amino Acid (Alanine) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch24_01_05" type="3D" page="1181">
<title>L-Glyceraldehyde (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch24_01_06" type="3D" page="1181">
<title>Glycine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch24_02">
<title>24.2: Amino Acids</title>
<item id="ch24_02_01" type="3D" page="1182">
<title>Proline (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch24_02_02" type="3D" page="1184">
<title>A Dipolar Ion (of alanine) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch24_02_03" type="3D" page="1169">
<title>D-Alanine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch24_02_04" type="3D" page="1169">
<title>L-Alanine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch24_08">
<title>24.8: Secondary, Tertiary, and Quaternary Structure of Proteins</title>
<item id="ch24_08_01" type="3D" page="1206">
<title>Fully Extended Peptide Chain (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch24_08_02" type="3D" page="1206">
<title>trans-Peptide Group (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch24_08_03" type="3D" page="1207">
<title>Hypothetical Flat Sheet Structure (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch24_08_04" type="CU" page="1207">
<title>b-Pleated Sheet (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch24_08_05" type="3D" page="1208">
<title>b-Pleated Sheet  (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch24_08_06" type="3D" page="1209">
<title>a-Helix (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch24_08_07" type="AG" page="1210">
<title>Carbonic Anhydrase (view from Ch. 3) (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch24_08_09" type="3D" page="1198">
<title>Carbonic anhydrase (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch24_08_08" type="CU" page="1211">
<title>Myoglobin (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch24_09">
<title>24.9: Introduction to Enzymes</title>
<item id="ch24_09_01" type="AG" page="1212">
<title>Carbonic Anhydrase (view from Ch. 3) (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch24_09_02" type="3D" page="1200">
<title>Carbonic anhydrase (active site only) (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch24_10">
<title>24.10: Lysozyme: Mode of Action of an Enzyme</title>
<item id="ch24_10_01" type="AG" page="1213">
<title>Lysozyme (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch24_11">
<title>24.11: Serine Proteases</title>
<item id="ch24_11_01" type="AG" page="1215">
<title>A Serine Protease (Trypsin) (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch24_11_02" type="AG" page="1216">
<title>Lysozyme (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch24_11_03" type="AG" page="1217">
<title>A Serine Protease (Trypsin) (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch24_11_04" type="AG" page="1220">
<title>Diels Alder Catalytic Antibody (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch24_12">
<title>24.12: Hemoglobin: A Conjugated Protein</title>
<item id="ch24_12_01" type="3D" page="1222">
<title>Heme Group (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
</section>
</chapter>
<chapter id="ch25">
<title>Chapter 25: Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis</title>
<section id="ch25_02">
<title>25.2: Nucleotides and Nucleosides</title>
<item id="ch25_02_01" type="3D" page="1229">
<title>Adenylic Acid (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch25_02_02" type="3D" page="1230">
<title>Adenine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch25_02_03" type="3D" page="1230">
<title>Guanine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch25_02_04" type="3D" page="1230">
<title>Cytosine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch25_02_05" type="3D" page="1230">
<title>Thymine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch25_02_06" type="3D" page="1230">
<title>Uracil (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch25_02_07" type="3D" page="1231">
<title>2'-Deoxyadenosine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch25_02_08" type="3D" page="1231">
<title>2'-Deoxyguanosine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch25_02_09" type="3D" page="1231">
<title>2'-Deoxycytidine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch25_02_10" type="3D" page="1231">
<title>2'-Deoxythymidine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch25_02_11" type="3D" page="1231">
<title>Adenosine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch25_02_12" type="3D" page="1231">
<title>Guanosine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch25_02_13" type="3D" page="1231">
<title>Cytidine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch25_02_14" type="3D" page="1231">
<title>Uridine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch25_02_15" type="3D" page="1223">
<title>Adenine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch25_02_16" type="3D" page="1223">
<title>Cytosine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch25_02_17" type="3D" page="1223">
<title>Guanine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch25_02_18" type="3D" page="1223">
<title>Thymine (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Chem3D format</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch25_04">
<title>25.4: Deoxyribonucleic Acid: DNA</title>
<item id="ch25_04_01" type="3D" page="1239">
<title>Thymine-Adenine Base Pair (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch25_04_02" type="3D" page="1239">
<title>Cytosine-Guannine Base Pair (3D)</title>
<description>A 3D molecular model in Rasmol format</description>
</item>
<item id="ch25_04_03" type="AG" page="1239">
<title>Thymine-Adenine and Cytosine-Guanine Base Pairs Electrostatic Potential Maps (AG)</title>
<description>A rotating, 3D version  of a text graphic.</description>
</item>
<item id="ch25_04_04" type="CU" page="1240">
<title>DNA Structure (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
</section>
<section id="ch25_05">
<title>25.5: RNA and Protein Synthesis</title>
<item id="ch25_05_01" type="CU" page="1246">
<title>t-RNA (CU)</title>
<description>A graphics/audio presentation on a topic involving complex 3D structure or relationships or a dynamic process.</description>
</item>
</section>
</chapter>
</book>