home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- ^Z SEARCH topics:
-
- 1) Files, items and separators
- 2) Search phrases
- 3) Specifying arguments
- 4) The search process
- 5) Sending output to a file
- 6) Customizing SEARCH
-
- ~l0
- Which would you like help with (Q to quit)? ~s
- ~c1
- ~b
- ^z Files, items and separators
-
- SEARCH works with line-oriented ASCII text files. SEARCH treats the
- file as being made up of ITEMS, where an item is one or more lines that
- "logically" belong together. An item could be a single line, a paragraph,
- or some other grouping. A file is broken up into items by a SEPARATOR;
- this is a line that occurs at the end of each item in the file. An example
- would be a blank line between paragraphs. A separator is always a whole
- line.
-
- More information is available about:
-
- 1) File types
- 2) Examples of items
- ~uchoose
- ~s
- ~c1
- ^z To be usable with SEARCH, a file must be pure ASCII (no embedded word
- processor codes) and have a CR/LF pair at the end of each line.
-
- Squeezed and crunched versions of such a file are also usable. SEARCH
- determines whether a file is plain-text, squeezed or crunched by looking at
- the first few bytes of the file rather than by looking for a C or Q in the
- filename extension. This means that a plain-text file called MYPROG.AZM
- would be correctly read, and a crunched file called RCPM.LST would be
- correctly identified.
-
- SEARCH can also read files out of libraries.
- ~c2
- An item can be a single line:
-
- John Doe 1221 Main St. Hometown, IL 60000 (312)555-1988
- ...
- Jane Roe 13 Plymouth Ct. Providence, RI ? (800)111-1111
-
- It could be a paragraph:
-
- Text retrieval software can be divided into two categories: programs
- based on directly searching the text and programs based on preparing an
- index to the text..........
-
- SEARCH falls into the first category. Like all such programs, it is
- slower than an index-based program, but it requires no setup.....
-
- Or it could be a sequence of lines separated by an arbitrary line:
-
- SEARCH21.LBR (CP/M)
- A free-format text retrieval system.
-
- Uploaded by Eric Bohlman
-
- ----
- VDE266.LBR (CP/M)
- The final version of the public-domain text editor.
- ----
-
-
- In the first example, there is really no separator; we call this
- "line-by-line." In the second one, the separator is a blank line and in
- the third, the separator is a line consisting of four dashes.
-
- A separator is always a line by itself (except for line-by-line). You
- cannot use a period as a separator in order to make each sentence an item;
- items must consist of whole lines.
- ~cq
- ~q
- ~cp
- ~t
- ~e
- ~p~a
- ~c2
- ~b
- ^z Search phrases
-
- SEARCH can look for any sequence of characters within the text. You
- can search for a word, a phrase, a punctuation character, or any logical
- combination of these. You can specify whether a word must stand alone or
- whether it can be embedded in another word. Comparison is
- case-insensitive. SEARCH always treats a sequence of spaces in the text as
- being equal to a single space. A line-ending is treated as a space, unless
- it's immediately preceded by a hyphen, in which case both the hyphen and
- the line end are ignored. SEARCH also ignores leading spaces on a line.
- This means that a word will be matched even if it was hyphenated at the end
- of a line, and a multiple-word phrase will match across line boundaries,
- even if there's a left margin.
-
- More information is available about:
-
- 1) Phrases
- 2) Embedding control
- 3) Logical combinations
- ~uchoose
- ~s
- ~c1
- ^z
- A word or phrase is any sequence of characters that is to be searched
- for in the text. The total length of all unique words or phrases that you
- wish to search for must be less than 256 characters, and you can use at
- most 16 unique words or phrases in a logical combination of search phrases.
- ~c2
- ^z
- By default, a word will be matched ANYWHERE in the text. For example,
- "ion" would match itself. It would also match "emotion," "ionic" and
- "emotionally." Sometimes it is desirable to restrict the matching of
- embedded words. You can do this by putting the special character "^^" at
- the beginning or end of a word or phrase. When this character is present,
- it signifies that the match can occur only at a word boundary. For
- example, "^^ion" would match only those words beginning with "ion" and
- "ion^^" would match only words ending with "ion." "^^ion^^" would match
- only the word "ion."
- ~c3
- ^z
- SEARCH can do more than detect the mere presence of a single word or
- phrase. It can also check for the presence of LOGICAL COMBINATIONS of
- words or phrases. There are three kinds of logical combinations. First,
- you can specify that a word or phrase must NOT be present in an item.
- Second, you can require that two or more phrases BOTH be present in an
- item. This is known as an AND combination. Finally, you can require that
- EITHER of several phrases be present. This is an OR combination.
-
- To require that a word or phrase NOT be present, you simply precede it
- with the NOT character, which is an exclamation mark. If you need to match
- a phrase that begins with a literal exclamation mark, you precede it with a
- backslash. The exclamation mark has special significance only when it is
- at the very beginning of a word or phrase; otherwise it is treated
- literally.
-
- How you specify an AND combination or an OR combination depends on
- whether you are entering arguments by the command line or by prompt. This
- is covered in the section on how to specify arguments, and examples of
- logical combinations are available there.
- ~cq
- ~q
- ~cp
- ~t
- ~e
- ~p~a
- ~c3
- ~c4
- ~c5
- ~c6
- ~cq
- ~q
- ~d
- ~ubadchoice
- ~g0
- ~e
- ~t
- ~lchoose
-
- Pick one or press Q to quit, P to see the previous section: ~r
- ~lbadchoice
- "~o" isn't on the menu. Try again
- ~r
-