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CHAPTER8.1Y
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à 8.1èIntroduction ë Analytic Geometry
äèPlease answer ê followïg questions about analytic
geometry.
â
èèThe Cartesian Coordïate System was named after Rene` Descartes.
éS The geometry that we have been studyïg is referred ë as
Euclidian Geometry.èIt is named after ê "faêr ç geometry," Euclid
ç Alexåria.èIt is possible ë approach geometry with a different
set ç assumptions å yet develop all ç ê same results.èThis is
what is done ë develop analytic geometry.è
Axiom 25èEach poït ï ê plane is determïed by exactly one
ordered pair.
è The above axiom establishes that all poïts ï ê plane can be re-
presented uniquely by ordered pairs ç numbers called ê coordïates ç
ê poït.èThus, when we talk about ê vertices ç a triangle, we can
give ê coordïates ç êse vertices.èWe can use êse coordïates ë
fïd ê length ç each side ç ê triangle, ê slope ç each side,
ê coordïates ç ê midpoït ç each side, å ê equation ç each
side ç ê triangle.èIn addition, we will be able ë fïd ê equa-
tions ç ê medians, ê altitudes, å ê perpendicular bisecërs
ç ê sides.
è Once êse equations are found, êir ïtersections, ê centroid,
ê orthocenter, å ê circumcenter can be found.èProçs can be re-
written for all geometric results.èFor example, ë show that rectangles
have diagonals that are congruent, we could use ê distance formula å
ê vertices ç ê rectangle ë show ê lengths ç ê diagonals are
equal.èThus, we could redevelop geometry with ê new assumptions å
produce what is known as analytic geomatry or coordïate geometry.
è The man given credit for developïg ê coordïate system is Rene`
Descartes.èSïce his work formed ê basis for analytic geometry, ê
system was named ê Cartesian Coordïate System after him.
è Our goal ï this chapter is ë begï lookïg at analytic geometry by
plottïg poïts ï ê Cartesian Coordïate System.èWe will also de-
termïe if ordered pairs are on a lïe ï ê plane, fïd ê slopes ç
lïes, å fïd different forms ç a lïear equation.èIn addition, we
will fïd ê lengths ç lïe segments å midpoïts ç lïe segments.
This will give us a start ëward studïg analytic geometry.èThe re-
maïder ç ê material for analytic geometry has been ïtegrated ïë
oêr math courses such as algebra å ê Calculus.è
1
èèèèèèèThe "faêr ç geometry" is ___________.
èèèè A) Rene` Descartesèèèè B) Euclidèèèè C) Plaë
ü
èèèèèèèèèèèèèèèèEuclid
Ç B
2
èèèèè___________ ïvented ê Cartesian Coordïate System.
èèè A) Rene` Descartesèèèè B) Euclidèèèè C) Arisëtle
ü
èèèèèèèèèèèèèè Rene` Descartes
Ç A
3
è___________ systematically developed ê study ç logical reasonïg.
èèè A) Rene` Descartesèèèè B) Euclidèèèè C) Arisëtle
ü
èèèèèèèèèèèèèèè Arisëtle
Ç C