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1992-12-06
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VITAMIN D
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin available from some
foods, as well as from sunlight.
Functions: Forms the hormone 1,
25-dihydrocholecalciferol, which aids in the absorption and
metabolism of calcium and phosphorus for bone and tooth
formation.
Sources: Sunlight (which stimulates vitamin D
production in the skin), fatty fish, fish liver oils,
vitamin D-fortified milk, egg yolk, and butter.
Deficiency: In children, vitamin D deficiency causes
rickets, a disease in which weak bones lead to bowlegs,
knock-knees, and other bone deformities. The disease is
rarely seen in the United States because milk and other
foods are fortified with vitamin D and because children
usually get some sun exposure. In the elderly, especially
those in extended-care facilities, vitamin D deficiency has
been associated with calcium loss from bones.
Excess: High intakes may cause vomiting, diarrhea, and
weight loss and lead to calcium deposits in various organs.
Children are especially susceptible, but anyone can have
adverse effects from high daily doses.