Meeting Pearls 1/Meeting Pearls Vol 1 (1994).iso/installed_progs/text/faqs/prolog.resource-guide.part2

Internet Message Format | 1994-05-15 | 67.8 KB

Subject: FAQ: Prolog Implementations 2/2 [Monthly posting]
Newsgroups: comp.lang.prolog,comp.object.logic,news.answers,comp.answers
From: [e-mail] (Mark Kantrowitz)
Date: Fri, 13 May 1994 14:53:36 GMT

Archive-name: prolog/resource-guide/part2
Last-Modified: Wed Apr 20 01:27:24 1994 by Mark Kantrowitz
Version: 1.18

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;;; Prolog Resource Guide ******************************************
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;;; prg_2.faq -- 69228 bytes

This is part two of the Prolog Resource Guide. This part lists
available Prolog, logic programming, and constraint system
implementations, both free and commercial.

Send suggestions and comments to: [e-mail]

Prolog Implementations (Part 2):
  [2-0]  General information about Prolog Implementations

  [2-1]  Free Prolog Implementations
  [2-2]  Commercial Prolog Implementations

  [2-3]  Free Parallel Prolog Implementations
  [2-4]  Commercial Parallel Prolog Implementations

  [2-5]  Free Constraint Systems
  [2-6]  Commercial Constraint Systems

  [2-7]  Free Logic Programming Systems
  [2-8]  Commercial Logic Programming Systems

Search for [#] to get to topic number # quickly. In newsreaders which
support digests (such as rn), [CTRL]-G will page through the answers.

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Subject: [2-0] General information about Prolog Implementations

When comparing free and commercial Prolog implementations, a rule of
thumb is that commercial prolog implementations are often more robust
and better supported than the public domain and free prolog
implementations. Many of the commercial Prolog vendors offer
educational discounts to universities. Be sure to ask for current
pricing information.

The Prolog Vendors' Group may be contacted by email via the Secretary,
Al Roth, at <[e-mail]>.

Remember when ftping compressed or compacted files (.Z, .arc, .fit,
.zip, .z, etc.) to use binary mode for retrieving the files.

Files that end with a .z suffix were compressed with the patent-free
gzip (no relation to zip). Source for gzip is available from:
   prep.ai.mit.edu:/pub/gnu/
as the files gzip-1.2.3.shar, gzip-1.2.3.tar,or gzip-1.2.3.msdos.exe.

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Subject: [2-1] Free Prolog Implementations

The following list of free Prolog and logic programming implementations
excludes those listed in the comp.lang.lisp and comp.lang.scheme FAQs
(i.e., Prolog interpreters written in Lisp and Scheme).


A.D.A. Public Domain Prolog:
   aisun1.ai.uga.edu:ai.prolog/adapdpro.zip

   A rather slow implementation of Prolog for MS-DOS systems, originally
   a product of Automata Design Associates (now defunct), 1570
   Arran Way, Dresker, PA 19025, 215-335-5400.

Aquarius Prolog:
   Aquarius Prolog is a high-performance, portable Prolog implementation
   developed since 1989 by the Aquarius Project at UC/Berkeley, the Advanced
   Computer Architecture Laboratory (ACAL) at the University of Southern
   California (USC), and at Digital Equipment Corporation's Paris Research
   Laboratory. The developers are Tom Getzinger, Ralph Clarke Haygood, and
   Peter Van Roy. Aquarius Prolog includes:

      - A compiler with global analysis.  The compiler is built around the
        Berkeley Abstract Machine (BAM) execution model for Prolog. BAM
        retains desirable features of the Warren Abstract Machine (WAM),
        but allows for significant further optimizations and is easier to
        map onto actual general-purpose machines.

      - A back-end that maps the BAM onto various actual general-purpose
        machines, including MIPS R3000 (DEC Ultrix and MIPS RISC/os),
        SPARC (SunOS), HP 9000 300/400 with MC68020, MC68030 or MC68040
        processors (HP-UX), and Sun3 (SunOS).

      - A run-time system offering substantially the same built-in
        predicates and memory management as Quintus Prolog, with additions
        such as two kinds of destructive assignment.  Most of the built-in
        predicates are written in Prolog, with little or no performance
        penalty.

   Aquarius Prolog also includes an interpreter and documentation.
   Aquarius Prolog comes in two distributions, Enduser and Full. The
   latter includes full source code and implementation notes.

   Aquarius Prolog may be obtained free of charge from USC, after signing
   and returning a license agreement. To get the license agreement, send a
   message to [e-mail] with
      get aquarius-info license
   in the message body. To get more information about the Full and
   Enduser distributions, send the listserver a message containing
   one or both of the two lines:
           get aquarius-info readme-full
           get aquarius-info readme-enduser
   To subscribe to the aquarius-prolog mailing list, send the listserver a
   message with body:
           subscribe aquarius-prolog <Your real name here>
   To get more information about the abilities of the listserver, send it a
   message with 'help' in the body.

   For further information, write to University of Southern California,
   Advanced Computer Architecture Laboratory (ACAL), Attn: Aquarius Prolog
   Licensing, 3740 S. McClintock, Suite 131, Los Angeles, CA 90089-2561, or
   send email to [e-mail].

Beta-Prolog (version 1.1):

   Beta-Prolog is an experimental Prolog system that provides many
   facilities for specifying and solving combinatorial problems. It
   supports the definition and manipulation of Boolean tables which can
   be used to represent graphs, simple and hierarchical domains, and
   situations in various combinatorial problems. Beta-Prolog also
   provides several primitives for describing constraint satisfaction
   problems declaratively.

   The Beta-Prolog system consists of an emulator of the TOAM (matching
   Tree Oriented Abstract Machine) written in C and a compiler of
   Beta-Prolog written in Beta-Prolog itself. It differs from
   WAM-based systems mainly in the following two aspects: (1) It
   translates predicates into trees and generates multi-level hashing
   code for predicates; (2) It passes arguments directly in stack frames
   like most compilers of procedural languages.

   Beta-Prolog is currently one of the fastest emulator-based Prolog
   systems. It will be of interest to Prolog users, programmers
   investigating search algorithms for combinatorial problems, and
   researchers who want to develop high-performance Prolog systems and/or
   evaluate compilation techniques for Prolog.

   Copies of the system are available by anonymous ftp from
      ftp.cs.cmu.edu:/user/ai/lang/prolog/impl/prolog/beta_pl/
   or by sending an email message to [e-mail].
   Beta-Prolog was developed by Neng-Fa Zhou, <[e-mail]>,
   Faculty of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute
   of Technology, 680-4 Kawazu, Iizuka, Fukuoka 820, Japan, phone
   81-948-29-7774, fax [phone].


BinProlog:
   clement.info.umoncton.ca:BinProlog/BinProlog.2.20.tar.gz [139.103.16.2]
   The file papers.tar.gz contains papers related to the implementation.

   BinProlog replaces the WAM by a more compact continuation passing
   logic engine based on a mapping of full Prolog to binary logic
   programs.  It includes an interface Tcl/Tk. Version 2.20 runs on
   Sparc, DEC Alpha, MIPS (SGI, DEC) 68k (NeXT, Sun3), R6000 (IBM), and
   386/486. The compiler makes 528 KLIPS on a Sparc 10-40 (101 KLIPS on a
   NeXT) and still uses a very small (49K under Solaris 2.1) emulator,
   making it among the fastest freely available C-emulated Prologs (3-5
   times faster than C-Prolog, 2-3 times faster than swi-prolog, 1.5-2
   times faster than (X)SB-prolog and close to C-emulated Sicstus 2.1.).
   Comments and bug reports should be sent to Paul Tarau
   <[e-mail]>.

   BinProlog is free for reasearch and other non-profit purposes.  Use in
   industrial applications, licensing of C-sources, porting to other
   platforms, BinProlog related support and consulting are available but
   need a separate agreement. BinProlog's very small code-size and high
   performances make it suitable to be integrated in industrial
   C-applications that need the services of an embedded logic
   programming engine.

Common ESP:
   CESP (Common Extended Self-contained Prolog) is an object-oriented
   system by the AI Language Research Institute, Kamakura, Japan. The
   binary is free for R & D use only -- send 1/4in CMT Sun3 and Sun4
   (Sparc) with Sun OS R4.0.3, R4.1 or R4.1.1. For more information,
   write to AI Language Research Institute Ltd, Yoshitoku Bldg, Shiba
   3-15-14, Minato-Ku, Tokyo 105, Japan, fax [phone], or send
   email to [e-mail] or [e-mail].

cu-Prolog: See [2-5].

ECLiPSe (ECRC Logic Programming System) combines the functionalities
of several ECRC systems, including SEPIA (an Edinburgh-style
extensible Prolog system based on a WAM compiler), MegaLog (a database
system) and CHIP (a constraint logic programming system).  ECLiPSe
includes a Prolog compiler with extended functionality that is Quintus
and SICStus compatible, a tightly connected database system based on
the BANG file system, a CLP system, and an interface to the Tcl/Tk X11
toolkit. The BANG database can store not only relations, but also any
Prolog structures and programs. The CLP system contains several
libraries with various types of constraint handling schemes, including
atomic finite domains, linear rational constraints, CHR (constraint
handling rules) and Propia (generalised propagation).  It also
supports writing further extensions like new user-defined constraints
or complete new constraint solvers.  ECLiPSe also includes a profiler,
user-definable syntax, metaterms as first-class citizens, coroutining,
a high-level debugger (OPIUM), a partial evaluation system (PADDY),
and unlimited precision integer and rational numbers. ECLiPSe is
available for a nominal fee of DM 300 (~$200) to all academic and
government-sponsored organizations. It is distributed in binary form
for Sun-3 and Sparc machines. Send orders or requests for further
information to [e-mail] or write to ECRC,
Arabellastrasse 17, 81925 Munich, Germany. The ECLiPSe documentation
(ASCII and dvi) and some shareware packages ported to ECliPSe are now
available by anonymous ftp from
   ecrc.de:/pub/eclipse
To subscribe to the [e-mail] mailing list, send mail to
[e-mail].

eLP (Ergo Lambda Prolog) is an interpreter written by Conal Elliott,
Frank Pfenning and Dale Miller in Common Lisp and implements the core
of lambda Prolog (higher-order hereditary Harrop formulas). It is
embedded in a larger development environment called ESS (the Ergo
Support System).  eLP implements all core language feature and offers
a module system, I/O, some facilities for tracing, error handling,
arithmetic, recursive top-levels, on-line documentation and a number
of extended examples, including many programs from Amy Felty's and
John Hannan's thesis.  It should run in Allegro Common Lisp, Lucid
Common Lisp, Kyoto Common Lisp, CMU Common Lisp and Ibuki Common Lisp.
The eLP implementation of lambda Prolog is no longer developed or
maintained, but it is still available via anonymous ftp from
ftp.cs.cmu.edu:/afs/cs.cmu.edu/project/ergo/export/ess/. The file
ergolisp.tar.Z contains the Ergo project's extensions to Common Lisp,
including some facilities for attributes and dealing with abstract
syntax trees. The file sb.tar.Z contains the Ergo
Parser/Unparser/Formatter generator and ab.tar.Z contains the Ergo
Attribute Grammar facility. The file elp.tar.Z contains the Ergo
implementation of lambda Prolog.  To customize grammars you need the
sb.tar.Z file.  When you retrieve the system, please print, fill out,
and send in a copy of the non-restrictive license you will find in the
file LICENSE. To subscribe to the [e-mail] mailing list, send
mail to [e-mail]. Bugs should be sent to
[e-mail].

ESL Prolog-2 (PD Version):
   ai.uga.edu:ai.prolog/eslpdpro.zip [128.192.12.9]

   A prolog for MS-DOS systems with good performance. It deviates
   slightly from Edinburgh standard (strings "like this" are not lists
   of ASCII codes), but you can add a declaration that makes it fully
   Edinburgh-compatible. (Add the line
        :- state(token_class,_,dec10).
   at the beginning of the program.) It is a more limited version
   of the interpreter from the Commercial Version (see [2-2] below).
   [Please note that ESL Prolog is NOT a UGA product, they just run
   the machine on which a copy is made available. Anyone with
   questions should contact ESL in Oxford, England (see [2-2] below).]

   Documentation is available as a 2-volume set published by Ablex
   (type "prolog2" for info). ESL Prolog is also discussed
   extensively in Tony Dodd's book "Prolog: A Logical Approach,"
   Oxford University Press.

GOEDEL is intended to be a declarative successor to Prolog.  The
main design aim of Goedel is to have functionality and expressiveness
similar to Prolog, but to have greatly improved declarative semantics
compared with Prolog.  This improved declarative semantics has
substantial benefits for program construction, verification,
debugging, transformation, and so on. Considerable emphasis is placed
on Goedel's meta-logical facilities, since this is where Prolog is
most deficient.  In particular, Goedel has declarative replacements
for Prolog's var, nonvar, assert, and retract.  Goedel is a strongly
typed language, its type system being based on many-sorted logic with
parametric polymorphism. The release includes the Goedel system, a
draft book on the language, a user manual, and 50 example programs.
Goedel must be compiled in SICStus Prolog; a sparc executable is
included in the distribution. Goedel is available by anonymous ftp
from ftp.cs.kuleuven.ac.be:/pub/logic-prgm/goedel [134.58.41.2] and
ftp.cs.bris.ac.uk:/goedel [137.222.102.102]. For more information,
write to [e-mail]. Please send an email message to
this address (with your name, institution and address) to this address
when you obtain the system. To subscribe to the
[e-mail] mailing list, send mail to
  [e-mail]
indicating that you wish to join the Goedel discussion group.
A book describing the language is now available from MIT Press:
   Patricia Hill and John Lloyd, "The Godel Programming Language",
   MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1994. ISBN 0-262-08229-2 ($45.00).

IC-Prolog II:
   src.doc.ic.ac.uk:/computing/programming/languages/prolog/icprolog/.
   The emulator is available at present only in Sun-4 binary form.
   Source code may be released later in the year when project
   finishes.

   Produced by Imperial College, IC-Prolog II is a multi-threaded
   Prolog system.  It includes a Parlog sub-system, an interface to
   TCP primitives and "mailboxes", a high level communication
   system.  These enable distributed applications (such as
   client/server systems) to be written using logic programming.
   The distribution also includes a simple expert system shell and
   the preprocessor for the Prolog language extension L&O from the
   book "Logic & Objects" by Frank McCabe.  (The sources for the
   L&O extension is also available to LPA MacProlog users in the
   subdirectory 'lo'.)

   See "I.C. Prolog II : a Multi-threaded Prolog System" by Damian
   Chu and Keith Clark and also "IC Prolog II: a Language for
   Implementing Multi-Agent Systems" by Damian Chu.  Postscript
   copies of these two papers may be found in the subdirectory
   'papers'.

   Standalone versions of the Parlog system for Sun-3 and Sun-4
   can also be found in this directory.

   Contact Damian Chu <[e-mail]> for questions about IC
   Prolog II, and contact Zacharias Bobolakis <[e-mail]> for
   information about L&O.

JB-Prolog 2.1.2 is a slim and powerfull prolog for the MacIntosh. Its key
features are: Arbitrary long integers, fast interpreter only, source
line debugger, user interface toolkit, persistent objects. It is
available from the CMU AI repository as
 ftp.cs.cmu.edu:/user/ai/lang/prolog/impl/prolog/jbprolog/JBprolog2.1.2.sit.hqx
For more information contact Jan Burse, [e-mail],
XLOG, Scheuchzerstr. 67, 8006 Zrich, Switzerland.

Prolog-68 is a free WAM-based Prolog system running on Atari ST and TT
computers. Not yet finished (no floating point, some missing
built-ins). Contact Jens Kilian <[e-mail]> for
information. Available by anonymous ftp from
   ftp.cs.cmu.edu:/user/ai/lang/prolog/impl/prolog/prolog68/
as a ZOO archive.

Prolog/Mali is a compiler for the higher-order language Lambda-Prolog.
Lambda-Prolog is an extension of Prolog defined by Miller (Miller,
D.A., and Nadathur, G., "Higher-order logic programming", 3rd
International Conference on Logic Programming, pages 448-462, London
1986). It is an extension of Prolog where terms are simply typed
lambda terms and clauses are higher order hereditary Harrop formulas.
The main novelties are universal quantification on goals and
implication.  Prolog/Mali is a complete system which includes a C
translator, a linker, libraries, runtime, and documentation, and runs
on UNIX.  It requires the MALI-V06 abstract memory package.
Prolog/Mali is available by anonymous ftp from ftp.irisa.fr:/pm/.
Written by Pascal Brisset <[e-mail]> (or <[e-mail]>)
and Olivier Ridoux ([e-mail]). To be added to the mailing list,
send mail to [e-mail]. For more information, send
mail to [e-mail].

LIFE (Logic, Inheritance, Functions, and Equations) is an experimental
programming language with a powerful facility for structured type
inheritance. It reconciles styles from functional programming, logic
programming, and object-oriented programming. It subsumes the
functionality of its precursor languages LOGIN and Le_Fun, and may be
seen as an extension of Prolog. The syntax of Wild_LIFE has been kept
as close as possible to that of the Edinburgh standard for Prolog.
LIFE offers natively high-level abstraction facilities and convenient
data and control structures particularly well-suited for AI
programming. LIFE implements a constraint logic programming language
with equality (unification) and entailment (matching) constraints over
order-sorted feature terms. The interplay of unification and matching
provides an implicit coroutining facility thanks to an automatic
suspension mechanism. This allows interleaving interpretation of
relational and functional expressions which specify structural
dependencies on objects. The Wild_LIFE interpreter is the first
implementation of the LIFE language available to the general public.
It is a product of Digital Equipment Corporation's Paris Research
Laboratory (DEC PRL). Wild_LIFE runs on MIPS/Ultrix (DECstations),
Alpha/OSF-1, SPARC/SunOS, RS/6000, and SGI machines, and should
be portable to other Unix workstations. It is implemented in C,
and includes an interface to X Windows. Wild_LIFE is available
by anonymous ftp from gatekeeper.dec.com:/pub/plan as the file
Life1.0.tar.Z. To be added to the mailing list ([e-mail]),
send mail to [e-mail]. Send bug reports to
[e-mail].

Open Prolog:
   Open Prolog (OP) is a Prolog interpreter for the Apple Macintosh.

   It follows the so-called 'Edinburgh' syntax and supports most standard
   Prolog features, including Definite Clause Grammars.
   Extra predicates can be added via drop-in external predicates, similar to
   Hypercard's XCMDs.

   OP will work in any Macintosh from a Plus upwards, and is now
   32-bit clean.

   OP is available by anonymous ftp from
      grattan.cs.tcd.ie:/languages/open-prolog/ [134.226.32.15]
   It is also available from other sites, such as:
      sumex-aim.stanford.edu:/info-mac/
      mac.archive.umich.edu [141.211.165.41]
      nexus.yorku.ca:/pub/prolog/  [130.63.9.1]
      aisun1.ai.uga.edu [128.192.12.9]
      /afs/umich.edu/group/itd/archive/mac/development/languages
   but the most recent version will always be available from
   grattan, OP's home site.

   For more information, write to Michael Brady, Computer Science
   Department, Trinity College, Dublin 2, IRELAND, send email to
   [e-mail], call [phone], or fax [phone] (5 hours
   ahead of East Coast US time).

PD Prolog 19:
   wuarchive.wustl.edu:/mirrors/msdos/prolog/prolog19.arc (IBM PC)
   aisun1.ai.uga.edu (128.192.12.9)

Portable Prolog System is an interpreter from the University of York.
Runs on any system having a Pascal compiler. For more information,
write to University of York, Software Distribution Officer, Department
of Computer Science, University of York, York, YO1 5DD, UK, call +44
(904) 59861, or fax [phone].

Qu-Prolog 3.2 and Ergo 4.0:

   Qu-Prolog is a high-level language designed primarily for rapid
   prototyping of interactive theorem provers and, more generally, for
   symbolic computation on formal languages.  Its object level includes
   quantified terms and object variables.  As an example, the interactive
   theorem prover Ergo 4.0 is implemented in Qu-Prolog.  The compactness
   and high level of Ergo 4.0 source code demonstrate the advantages of
   Qu-Prolog for such applications. Ergo includes a 'window inference'
   method that is specifically designed to support hierarchical
   goal-directed proofs and allow easy access to the context of a
   subterm. Ergo also provides support for defining a variety of logics
   and support for proving schematic theorems and answer extraction.
   Ergo is being used to support the development of verified software.
   The system has been tested only on a Sun4.
   Qu-Prolog and Ergo are available by anonymous ftp from
      ftp.cs.uq.oz.au:/pub/SVRC/
   as software/qp.tar.Z and software/Ergo.tar. The tech report
   techreports/tr93-18.ps.Z describes Qu-Prolog in detail. Send comments
   to Peter Robinson <[e-mail]>.

SB-Prolog:
   cs.arizona.edu:/sbprolog
   sbcs.sunysb.edu:/pub/sbprolog

   Stony Brook Prolog runs on Sun4, Pyramid-98x, DEC3100, SGI Iris,
   Amiga, and MS-DOS machines. Contact [e-mail] for more
   information. Two versions are available: version 2.5 is an
   interpreter for Amigas and version 3.1 is an interpreter and compiler
   for Unix and MSDOS/386.

   SB-Hilog runs in SB-Prolog and Quintus Prolog and is available on
      sbcs.sunysb.edu:/pub/hilog/

   src.doc.ic.ac.uk [146.169.2.10] contains SBProlog 3.1 executables for
   MS-DOS/386 in /computing/programming/languages/prolog/sbprolog,
   filename sbpmsdos.zip.

   nic.funet.fi contains SBProlog executables for Amiga in
   /pub/amiga/fish/disks100-199/ff140.

   Modular SB-Prolog (= SB-Prolog version 3.1 plus modules) is available
   by anonymous FTP from
      ftp.dcs.ed.ac.uk:/pub/dts/mod-prolog.tar.Z [129.215.160.5]
   Includes interpreter for SPARC. For more information, write to
   Brian Paxton <[e-mail]>.

   [NOTE: SB-Prolog is superseded by XSB (see below) and hence is
    no longer supported by Stony Brook or the University of Arizona.
    The only reason to continue using SB-Prolog is for DOS, since
    XSB does not run under DOS and there are currently no plans to
    port it to DOS.]

SLG:
   The SLG system is a meta interpreter implementation of
   goal-oriented deductive query processing and non-monotonic
   reasoning with the following features:
       * goal-oriented query evaluation of normal logic programs
         under the well-founded semantics by Van Gelder, Ross
         and Schliph;
       * goal-oriented query evaluation of general logic programs
         under the alternating fixpoint logic by Van Gelder, with
         the restriction that the body of a clause has to be either
         an existential conjunction of literals or a universal
         disjunction of literals.
       * goal-oriented query evaluation under the stable model semantics
         by Gelfond and Lifchitz.
       * integration with Prolog execution, and the use of Prolog syntax
         for all programs.
   The SLG system is freely available by anonymous ftp from Southern
   Methodist University or SUNY at Stony Brook
      seas.smu.edu:/pub/                 [129.119.3.2]
      sbcs.sunysb.edu:/pub/XSB/          [130.245.1.15]
   as the file slg.tar.gz. Comments, requests, and bug reports should
   be sent to Weidong Chen, <[e-mail]>, Computer Science and
   Engineering, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275-0122,
   phone [phone], or David Scott Warren, <[e-mail]>,
   Department of Computer Science, SUNY at Stony Brook, Stony Brook,
   NY 11794-4400, phone [phone].

SWI Prolog:
   swi.psy.uva.nl:pub/SWI-Prolog/pl-1.6.12.tar.Z [192.42.96.1] (Main source)
   [The patch level (last digit) is regularly updated and diffs between
   patch levels are located in the same directory.]
   mpii02999.ag2.mpi-sb.mpg.de:pub/tools/SWI/ [139.19.20.250] (OS/2)

   rs3.hrz.th-darmstadt.de  [130.83.55.75]
   ftp.th-darmstadt.de:/pub/programming/languages/prolog [130.83.22.253]

   SWI-Prolog includes a fast compiler, a profiler, C interface, a
   module system, libraries, and dynamic loading.
   Runs on Atari ST, Gould PN, NeXT, HP, IBM Linux, DEC MIPS, IBM
   PS/2 AIX, OS/2, IBM RS/6000, Sun3, Sun4, Sparc, and Vax.
   Written by Jan Wielemaker, SWI, University of Amsterdam,
   Roetersstraat 15, 1018 WB     Amsterdam, The Netherlands,
   <[e-mail]>. Ported to OS/2 by Andreas Toenne,
   <[e-mail]>. The mailing list is [e-mail].
   To be added to the list, send mail to [e-mail].

Toy Prolog is an interpreter written in Pascal. About 3500 lines of
source. Free with "Prolog for Programmers" by Kluzniak and Szpakowicz
(Academic Press 1985). The Atari ST version is no longer supported.

Tricia is a free Prolog high-level emulator with interpreter available
by email from Uppsala University. Runs on Macintosh, Sun3, Sun4, Apollo
DN-3500/4500/5500 (OS version 10.*) and HP-730's. For more information,
write to Uppsala University, Tricia project, Computing Science
Department, Box 520, S-751 20 UPPSALA, Sweden, fax [phone], or
email to [e-mail] or [e-mail]. It is
available by anonymous ftp from
   ftp.csd.uu.se:/pub/Tricia/
A copy is also available in the directory
   /afs/umich.edu/group/itd/archive/mac/development/languages
if your site runs the Andrew File System, or by anonymous ftp from
mac.archive.umich.edu.

XSB is a Prolog-based Logic Programming System that extends the
standard functionality of Prolog with an implementation of OLDT
(tabling) and HiLog terms. It is a descendent of PSB-Prolog and
SB-Prolog. OLDT resolution is useful for recursive query computation,
allowing programs to terminate correctly in many cases where Prolog
does not. HiLog supports a type of higher-order programming in which
predicate symbols can be variable or structured.  This allows
unification to be performed on the predicate symbols themselves in
addition to the arguments of the predicates. XSB includes an
optimizing compiler, C interface, a module system, list processing
libraries, and dynamic loading.  XSB is a descendant of SB-Prolog.
XSB runs on Sun3, Sun4, 386/486 PCs (Linux and 386 BSD), SGI machines
(IRIX), HP 300/400 series (HP-UX) and NeXT, and can be compiled using
either the GNU C compiler or the Sun C compiler. Porting XSB to any
32-bit machine running Unix should be straightforward.  THIS IS A BETA
RELEASE. XSB is available by anonymous ftp from
   sbcs.sunysb.edu:/pub/XSB/XSB.tar.Z [130.245.1.15]
For more information, write to XSB Research Group, Computer Science
Department, SUNY at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, or send email to
[e-mail].

See also BeBOP and NCL in [2-3].

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Subject: [2-2] Commercial Prolog Implementations

AAIS Full Control Prolog (version 3.1.3) is an Edinburgh-standard
compiler and interpreter that runs on all Apple 680x0 Macintosh computers
(from Plus through Quadras and Powerbooks). It runs under System 6
and 7 (or A/UX 3.0), requiring 4mb RAM, and is 32-bit clean.  It
is built on an object-oriented kernel, includes many object-oriented
extensions to the language, functions for constructing graphical user
interfaces, direct program access to the printer for printing text or
graphics, and full support for Apple Events. There are also numerous
example programs, including source code for the AAIS Full Control
Prolog's own standard development interface, and how to interface with
Oracle databases and FileMaker Pro databses.  AAIS Full Control Prolog
costs $495. (Until June 30, 1994, it is on sale for $299 a copy; directly
from AAIS only; with an educational price of $199 a copy, also direct only).
For an additional $199 (and a signed license), you can get a
copy of AAIS Prolog Program Creator, an application generator/runtime
distribution system that turns Prolog programs into Macintosh
applications. For more information, write to Advanced AI Systems,
Inc., PO Box 39-0360, Mountain View, CA 94039-0360, call 415-948-8658,
fax [phone], or email [e-mail]. Earlier version (2.0)
reviewed in AI Expert, Feburary 1991. [NOTE: Douglas Lanam, President
of Advanced AI Systems, Inc., announced on April 1, 1994, that he
would be ceasing all future development of the product due to economic
and personal reasons. What stock of AAIS Full Control Prolog remains
is being offered on an as-is basis with no return for $199 a copy
through June, after which they will no longer be available.
Technical support will also end in June.]

AIAI Edinburgh Prolog is a high level prolog emulator that runs on
Acorn R140 (RISC iX), DG AViiON (DG/VX 4.1), Vax (Berkeley Unix, VMS),
Gould Encore (Unix), HP 9000/300 (HP-UX), MIPS RISC (RiscOS), Sequent
(DYNIX V3), Sun 2,3,4 (SunOS-3,4). For more information, write to
AIAI, AI Applications Institute, Software Secretary, University of
Edinburgh, 80 South Bridge, Edinburgh EH1 1HN, UK, call +44 (31) 650
2734, fax [phone], or send email to [e-mail].

ALS Prolog runs on 80386 machines, including DOS ($799), Sun 386i,
Xenix, Apple Macintosh ($499), System V Unix (Microport), Sun3, Sun4,
Sparc, Aviion, NeXT, VAX and Delta88. Student editions $59. Provides a
superset of Edinburgh Prolog.  It is available from Applied Logic
Systems, Inc., PO Box 180, Newton Centre, MA 02159,
phone [phone], fax [phone], or email [e-mail] or
[e-mail]. Send a message to [e-mail] with subject line
"HELP" to get a general information file in reply.

Arity Prolog is an emulator with interpreter and runs on DOS ($650),
OS/2 ($1k), Windows (extra $350), OS/2 V.2, and Windows-NT. (Note that
Windows support means that you can write Prolog programs that
manipulate Windows. The Windows version of Arity Prolog does not
itself run under MS Windows.) For more information, write to Arity
Corporation, Damonmill Square, Concord, MA 01742, call 800-722-7489
(508-371-1243), fax [phone], or send email to
[e-mail] or Paul G. Weiss <[e-mail]>.

Prolog by BIM is a prolog compiler for Unix that runs on Sun4, Sparcs
and RS/6000. It includes Carmen, a user-interface generator for XView
and SunView and interfaces to various databases and windowing
packages. For more information, contact BIM Systems, Inc., 11111
Santa Monica Boulevard, Suite 650, Los Angeles, CA 90025, call
310-445-1500, fax to 310-445-1515, or email to [e-mail].
Outside North-America write to BIM s.a./n.v., Kwikstraat 4, B-3078
Everberg, Belgium, call [phone], fax to [phone] or
email to [e-mail] (Kathleen Pierco). Earlier version reviewed
in AI Expert, January 1991.

CIM-Prolog is a high-level emulator with interpreter for Apollo Domain
and Sun (Unix). Also Standard Prolog for Apollo Domain, IBM PC/AT (DOS),
INMOS transputer, and Sun. A parallel version is also available.
For more information, write to Creative Soft GmbH, Turnstrasse 10, D-8510
Fuerth, Germany, call [phone], or fax [phone].

Coder's Prolog 2.0 is a Prolog Interpreter from Austin Code Works. Works
on any system with a C compiler (it is designed for use with C
programs), including IBM PCs (MS-DOS) and Unix workstations. For
more information, write to Austin Code Works, 11100 Leafwood Lane,
Austin, TX 78750-3587, call 512-258-0785, fax [phone], or send
email to [e-mail].

Cogent Prolog is an Edinburgh-standard compiler and interpreter.
Compiled and interpreted code may be intermixed in the same program
(for ease of debugging). The full system includes a debugger, definite
clause grammar support, full-screen shell, standard listener, support
for 16-bit and 32-bit protected mode, linker, .exe generator and
royalty-free distributable runtime ($248). Compiler & interpreter
without linker and distributable runtime ($149).  Interpreter alone
($49).  Also available is an interactive tutorial, the Active Prolog
Tutor ($75) and full source code for expert system shell prototypes
for forward/backward chaining, frames, Rete-network and more ($82).
All are IBM-PC (DOS) based. For more info or tech support, email
[e-mail], or contact Amzi! Inc., 40 Samuel Prescott Dr., Stow,
MA 01775. Tel: [phone]. Fax: [phone].

Delphia Prolog is an Edinburgh-standard compiler and interpreter that
runs on Sun3, Sun4, Sparc, RS/6000, Apollo, HP9000/300, Unigraph 68xxx,
386/486 (SCO Unix), DecStation (Ultrix), Sony NEWS (Unix), VAX (VMS,
Ultrix), uVax (Ultrix), VaxStation (Ultrix). Write to Delphia, 27 Avenue
de la Republique, 38170 Seyssinet, France, call 33-76-26-68-94 or fax
33-76-26-52-27. An earlier version was reviewed in AI Expert, January 1991
and Feburary 1991.

ECRC SEPIA. See ECLiPSe. SEPIA is no longer delivered as a
stand-alone system, but as a part of ECLiPSe.

EDCAAD C-Prolog is a prolog interpreter for Sun (SunOS), VAX (Ultrix,
VMS), Apollo, and 68000 (Unix). An inexpensive academic license is
available. It is an interpreter-based system, and hence is slower than
WAM-based Prologs. It is implemented in C, and should run on almost
any 32-bit machine with a C compiler. For more information, write to
EdCAAD, Department of Architecture, Edinburgh University, 20 Chambers St.,
Edinburgh EH1 1JZ, UK, call [phone], fax [phone],
or send email to [e-mail].

ESL Prolog-2 (Commercial Version), is a high-level emulator with
interpreter and compiler for Sun3, Sun4, HP9000 (Unix), RS/6000
(Unix), VAX (VMS), IBM PC (MS-DOS, Windows 3.0/3.1), and 386. It is an
Edinburgh standard prolog with a number of extensions. The windows
version includes BIPs for programming windows graphics and dialogues.
For more information, write to Expert Systems Limited (ESL), Attn:
Nick Henfrey, The Magdalen Centre, Oxford Science Park, Oxford, OX4
4GA, England, call [phone], fax [phone], or email
<[e-mail]>.

FRIL (Fuzzy Relational Inference Language) is a logic-programming
language that incorporates a consistent method for handling
uncertainty, based on Baldwin's theories of support logic, mass
assignments, and evidential reasoning. Mass assignments give a
consistent way of manipulating fuzzy and probabilistic uncertainties,
enabling different forms of uncertainty to be integrated within a
single framework. Fril has a list-based syntax, similar to the early
micro-Prolog from LPA. Prolog is a special case of Fril, in which
programs involve no uncertainty. Fril runs on Unix, Macintosh, MS-DOS,
and Windows 3.1 platforms. For further information, write to Dr B.W.
Pilsworth, Fril Systems Ltd, Bristol Business Centre, Maggs House, 78
Queens Rd, Bristol BS8 1QX, UK. A longer description is available as
ftp.cs.cmu.edu:/user/ai/areas/fuzzy/com/fril.txt

HyperProlog. See Delphia Prolog.

IBM Prolog. The IBM SAA AD/Cycle Prolog family consists of products
for both OS/2 2.x and S/370 (VM, MVS (TSO, CICS or IMS)).  IBM Prolog
is a complete implementation of the Prolog language with several
extensions.  Full compatibility exists between the OS/2 and the host
environments, allowing applications developped in one environment to
run on another environment.  IBM SAA AD/Cycle Prolog features an interpreter,
incremental and full compilers, 32-bit mode execution on OS/2 V2,
source-level interactive debugger, interfaces with usual languages (C
and REXX) and ES/2 Database Manager, and an interface to the
Presentation Manager.  The advanced features include delayed
evaluation, global terms, extended data types (big integers and
rationals, items, arrays, user-defined types), support for modularity,
computable expressions, multiple and user-defined syntaxes, automatic
garbage collection, multiple-priority logical interrupts and complete
error recovery.  The development environment features a windowed
development environment and extensive on-line documentation.  Finally,
the Extension Feature of IBM SAA AD/Cycle Prolog/2 offers access to
general-purpose object-oriented programming facilities.  These support
object attributes, inheritance, demons, methods, and message passing.
They are supported by a specific development environment including an
integrated, interactive debugger.  Prolog code can be treated as an
object. For more information, write to Wayne Chan <[e-mail]>,
IBM Prolog Product Manager, 93881 Noisy-le-Grand CEDEX. Please
reference "Program Number 5696-308 (OS/2) 5696-309(MVS & VM)".

IBM PROLOG for AIX/6000 (PFA) is a high performance implementation of
the PROLOG language, combined with a powerful programming environment,
especially designed for the IBM RISC System/6000 under AIX. PFA was
developed by BIM as an adaptation of ProLog by BIM for the IBM RISC
System/6000 under AIX. It was selected by IBM Europe as their
official PROLOG implementation for the RISC System/6000 (Program
Number 5776-FAH). For more information: In North-America contact BIM
systems, 11111 Santa Monica Bld, call 310-445-1500, fax to
[phone]; in Europe contact your local IBM representative.
Elsewhere contact BIM, Kwikstraat 4, B-3078 Everberg, Belgium, call
[phone], or fax [phone], or email [e-mail].

IF/Prolog is a Prolog interpreter and compiler with X-window and
OSF/Motif development environment, bidirectional C interface, on-line
hypertext manual, and X-window, OSF/Motif interfaces and various SQL
interfaces (e.g., Ingres, Oracle, and Informix). It includes a
window-based debugger. It runs on Apollo, Aviion 300, Macintosh
(A/UX), microVAX 2000 (Ultrix), Vax (Ultrix, VMS), VaxStation
(Ultrix), DEC Alpha (OSF/1, VMS), HP9000, Sun3, Sun4, Sparc, UTS,
AIX/370, IBM RS/6000, Decstation (Ultrix, OSF/1), Sequent S16, Silicon
Graphics, Sony News (Unix), Motorola, Nixdorf, Interactive Unix, SCO
UNIX, DOS-based 386 PCs, and Windows 3.0/3.1. For more information,
write to American InterFace Computer, Inc., One Westlake Plaza, 1705
Capital of Texas Highway South, Suite 200, Austin, TX 78746, call
512-327-5344, or fax [phone], or e-mail [e-mail]. European
Customers may write to InterFace Computer GmbH, Garmischer Strasse 4,
D-8000 Muenchen 2, Germany, call [phone], fax [phone],
or email [e-mail]. Reviewed in AI Expert January 1991.
|
[According to a December 7, 1993, announcement by Peter Richter,
IF/Prolog has been purchased by Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme AG
(SNI) of Munich, Germany.  SNI will continue to support IF/Prolog
across ALL modern UNIX, VMS and DOS platforms together with its own
SNI Prolog system (see below) and offer services for both systems.
Direct questions to Annette Kolb, phone [phone], fax
49-89-636-40140, e-mail [e-mail].]

IQSOFT MProlog is a high-level emulator with interpreter for Unix,
Macintosh and IBM PC (DOS). Runs on Vax (Unix 4.2 BSD), 68000-based machines
(Unix), Tektronix 4404, HP3000, and Siemens 1. For more information,
write to IQSOFT, SZKI Intelligent Software Ltd., Iskola u. 10.,
Budapest, H-1011, Hungary, call [phone], fax [phone], or
send email to [e-mail].

LPA Prolog is a prolog compiler for IBM PCs (DOS, Windows, 386) and Apple
Macintosh. LPA Prolog ++ is an object-oriented programming system
based on Prolog. Write to Logic Programming Associates, Ltd., Studio
4 Royal Victoria Patriotic Building, Trinity Road, London SW18 3SX,
England, call [phone], fax [phone], or email
[e-mail], [e-mail] (Clive Spenser),
or [e-mail]. In the US call 800-949-7567.
LPA products are distributed in North America by Quintus under the
Quintus name.

Maxon Prolog is available for the Atari ST from the German magazine
'ST-Computer' for 298 DM. Tel: [phone].

MU-Prolog, NU-Prolog are prolog interpreters from the University of
Melbourne. Source licences are available for educational institutions.
Implemented in C for BSD Unix. Currently running on Sun3, Sun4, Vax,
Elxsi, Encore, and SGI. For more information, write to University of
Melbourne, MU-Prolog Distribution, Department of Computer Science,
Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia, call [phone], or send email to
[e-mail] or [e-mail].

OU Prolog is a prolog interpreter from Open University for IBM PC
(MS-DOS). Includes video, books. Ask for item PD622 and quote
reference SA69. For more information, write to Open University,
Learning Materials Sales Office, PO Box 188, Milton Keynes MK7 6DH, UK.

PDC Prolog runs on IBM PCs (DOS, OS/2, Windows and SCO Unix). Formerly
known as Turbo Prolog from Borland. Includes a native code compiler
but is incompatible with most other prologs. Its variables are
strongly typed, unlike most other prologs. For more information, write
Prolog Development Center, 568 14th Street, Atlanta, GA 30318, call
800-762-2710, (404-873-1366), fax [phone] or email
[e-mail] (general information), [e-mail] (sales),
[e-mail] (tech support). A BBS is run at 404-872-5358. European
customers may write to Prolog Development Center, A/S, H.J. Holst Vej
5A, DK-2605 Broendby, Denmark, call [phone], or fax +45 36 72
02 69. Reviewed in AI Expert January 1991. Other email addresses
include [e-mail]. To subscribe to the
[e-mail] mailing list, a discussion list for PDC Prolog
users, send mail to [e-mail] with
    SUBSCRIBE PDC-L <your full name>
in the message body.

POPLOG is a high-level prolog emulator with interpreter for Unix. The POPLOG
environment integrates four AI programming languages in one
environment: Lisp, Prolog, ML and POP11. POPLOG can also load in C and
Fortran binaries. Runs on VAX (Ultrix, VMS), VAXStation (Ultrix),
DECStation (Ultrix), Sun 3,4, Sparc, Solbourne, HP Apollo 9000/400,
Sparc (HP-UX), MIPS (RISCOS), Sequent Symmetry (Dynix), Apple
Macintosh (AUX), SONY News (News-OS), and Silicon Graphics Iris
(Irix). The academic version from Sussex University. For more
information, write to POPLOG, Sussex University, Poplog Manager,
School of Cognitive Sciences, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QN, UK, call +44
273 608367, fax [phone], or send email to [e-mail]
or [e-mail]. The commercial version is available
from Integral Solutions Ltd as Integral Poplog and Pop++. For more
information, write to Integral Solutions Ltd, Unit 3, 23 Campbell
Court, Bramley, Basingstoke Hampshire RG26 5EG, UK, call [phone]
28, fax [phone], or send email to [e-mail] or
[e-mail]. The North American retailer is Computable
Functions Inc. For more informatin, write to Computable Functions Inc.,
35 S. Orchard Drive, Amherst, MA 01002, call 413-545-3140, or fax
413-545-3140. Contact Robin Popplestone, [e-mail], for info
on a new book on Pop-11. There's a users mailing list, and a newsgroup
as well (comp.lang.pop).

Prolog III integrates constraint programming with Prolog. It runs on
Apple Macintosh, IBM PC (386, MS-DOS), Next, Sun3, Sun4, Sparc, HP9000,
Apollo, RS/6000, Bull DPX, Masscomp (Unix), Vax (Ultrix, VMS),
DecStation and MicroVAX. For more information, write to PrologIA,
Parc Technologique de Luminy, Case 919, 13288 Marseilles cedex 09, France,
call 33-91-26-86-36, fax [phone], or send email to
[e-mail] or [e-mail]. The US point of contact
for Prolog III by PrologIA is BIM Systems, Inc.

Prolog-86 is available from Solution Systems Inc. For more
information, write to Solution Systems Inc., 335-D Washington Street,
Norwell, MA 02061, call 617-337-6963, or fax [phone].

PTC (Prolog To C) is a portable Prolog compiler based around an
optimized Prolog to ANSI C compiler.  It runs on Sun, SGI, IBM (Unix),
and HP.  PTC includes an integrated compiler/interpreter,
project-file-based compilation, a Motif user interface, editor,
debugger, online help, and support for C modules. It costs $1,495 for
the development environment and $795 for each additional runtime
library. The standalone environment is $495. For more information,
write to Paralogic Inc., 115 Research Drive, Bethlehem, PA 18015,
call 215-861-6960, fax [phone] or send email to
[e-mail].

Quintec Prolog is a high-level emulator with interpreter for IBM PC
(MS-DOS), and Unix workstations such as Vax, VAXstation (Ultrix, VMS),
Decstation (Ultrix), and Sparc (SunOS4.0). For more information,
write to Quintec Prolog, Quintec Systems Ltd., Midland House, West Way,
Botley, Oxford OS2 0PL, UK, call [phone], or fax [phone].

Quintus Prolog is a low level emulator that runs on Unix (Sparc, sun2,
sun3, sun4, 386i, VAX (Ultrix, VMS), uVAX (Ultrix), HP9000, Apollo,
DecStation, IBM RT, Sequent S/27, S/81, IBM PS/2 (AIX), Intel 80386
(Unix V.3), Intergraph, Solbourne, RS/6000, and MIPS), IBM PC (DOS,
Windows), and Macintosh. Includes a cross-referencing facility. For
more information, contact Quintus Corporation, 2100 Geng Road, Palo
Alto, CA 94303, call 1-800-542-1283 (415-813-3800), fax [phone],
or email [e-mail] (sales), [e-mail] (tech support).
To be added to the users group mailing list, send mail to
[e-mail]. Version 3.0 reviewed in AI Expert
January 1991 and February 1991 and IEEE Expert April 1991. LPA
products are distributed in North America by Quintus under the Quintus name.

SICStus Prolog is a Unix prolog by SICS. It is portable to most UNIX
machines (Berkeley UNIX is preferred over System V). SICS Aurora and
Echo is a parallel emulator for Sequent Balance, Sequent Symmetry,
Encore Multimax, and BBN Butterfly (Unix). For more information, write
to SICS, Swedish Institute of Computer Science, P.O. Box 1263, S-164
28 KISTA, Sweden, call [phone], fax [phone], or send
email to [e-mail] or [e-mail]. Bug reports
and tech support questions should be sent to [e-mail].
To subscribe to the users group and implementors mailing list, send
email to [e-mail].

SNI Prolog Version 3 is an implementation of the Prolog language that
is compatible with the ISO Standard draft. It is available from
Siemens Nixdorf for Unix workstations for about DM 11100 in Germany.
SNI Prolog runs on the SGI, SNI and Sun platforms, and ports to other
systems, including MS-DOS, are in progress. Includes coroutines,
finite domains, numerical and boolean constraints, garbage collection,
incremental compilation, dynamic linking, hypertext style on-line
help, a window environment with an integrated editor, interfaces to
INFORMIX, Motif/XWindows and C. The constraint programming features of
SNI Prolog provide support for solving problems from operations
research such as dynamic resource allocation and flexible scheduling
with numerical constraints or the verification of complex systems with
Boolean constraints. For more information, write to Siemens Nixdorf
Informationssysteme AG, Otto-Hahn-Ring 6, D-8000 Munich 83, Germany,
Attn: Hans-Juergen Stenger, Systems Planning, call [phone],
fax [phone], or send email to [e-mail].

SPIES YAP is a high-level emulator with interpreter for the Apple
Macintosh, Amiga (Atari ST), and Unix workstations including Sun3,
Sun4, VAXstation, SGI, and HP9000. For more information, write to
SPIES, Sociedade Portuguesa de, Importacao e Exportacao de Software,
Lda Av da Republica, 46 - 2, 1000 Lisboa, Portugal, call +351 1
795075, or fax [phone].

Turbo Prolog. See PDC Prolog.

XPRO 5.0 is a Prolog development environment for OS/2. It includes
a 32-bit Prolog interpreter/compiler and a rule compiler than compiles
natural language-style rules into Prolog code. Includes a C/C++
interface. Costs $299 (no runtime or license fees). For more
information, contact: Rational Vision, 7111 West Indian School Road,
Suite 131, Phoenix, AZ 85033, or phone [phone].


See also CHIP V4 from COSYTEC in [2-6].

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Subject: [2-3] Free Parallel Prolog Implementations

This section contains free parallel Prolog and logic programming
implementations.

BeBOP:
   The BeBOP language combines sequential and parallel Logic Programming
   (LP), object oriented programming and meta-level programming. The LP
   component offers both don't know non-determinism and stream AND
   parallelism, a combination not possible with concurrent LP languages.
   BeBOP's object oriented features include object IDs, encapsulation,
   message passing, state updating, and object behaviour modification.
   The meta-level capabilities are based on the treatment of Prolog
   theories as first order entities, which enables them to be updated
   easily and lets fragments to be passed between objects in messages.
   BeBOP is implemented by translation down to NU-Prolog, and its
   parallel extension, PNU-Prolog.  The BeBOP system (BeBOP and bp) and
   the PNU-Prolog preprocessor pnp can be obtained by anonymous ftp from
   munnari.oz.au:/pub/bebop.tar.Z [128.250.1.21].  The release comes with
   a user manual, several papers (in Postscript format), sample programs,
   and source code.  The BeBOP system requires the NU-Prolog system,
   compiler and interpreter, the pnp preprocessor (which is included as
   part of the BeBOP system release), GCC or a similar compiler, Yacc (or
   Bison) and Lex. For more information, contact Andrew Davison,
   <[e-mail]>, Dept. of Computer Science, University of Melbourne,
   Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia, call [phone]/9101, or fax
   [phone].

Multi-BinProlog:
   Multi-BinProlog 2.00 is a prototype Linda-style parallel extension to
   BinProlog 1.71 developed by Koen De Bosschere and Paul Tarau. It uses
   Koen's C-parser and C-writer which together speed-up IO considerably.
   It works with shared-memory and remote procedure calls and is
   available from clement.info.umoncton.ca:MultiBinProlog/
   See BinProlog in [2-1] for more information.

NCL:
   NCL (Net-Clause Language) is aimed at describing distributed
   computation models using term unification as a basic processing and
   control mechanism. It is embedded in standard Prolog and comprises two
   parts -- net-clauses and data-driven rules, which can communicate each
   to other and to standard Prolog programs.  A net-clause is a special
   domain in the database defining a network of nodes and links. The
   nodes are represented by Prolog compound terms. The variables
   occurring within the nodes are global logical variables, which can be
   shared within the scope of the net-clause thus playing the role of
   network links.  Two control mechanisms are implemented: a spreading
   activation scheme similar to the connectionist spreading activation
   and to the marker passing mechanism in SN (in logic programming it is
   seen as a restricted forward chaining) and a default mechanism based
   on using variables to propagate terms without being bound to them,
   thus implementing the non-monotonicity of default reasoning.  The
   Data-driven Rules implement a full scale forward chaining for Horn
   clauses.  They simulate a data-driven parallel computation, where each
   rule is a process (in contrast to the traditional parallel logic
   programming where each goal is a process). The NCL/Prolog interpreter
   along with a reference manual and a set of examples is available by
   anonymous ftp at ai.uga.edu:/pub/misc/ncl.tar.Z. For more information
   contact Zdravko Markov, Institute of Informatics, Bulgarian Academy of
   Sciences Acad.G.Bonchev Street, Block 29A, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria,
   <[e-mail]>.

PCN:
   PCN (Program Composition Notation) is not a logic programming
   language, but it has similarities to Strand and other concurrent logic
   programming languages. PCN is a parallel programming system that
   provides a simple language for specifying concurrent algorithms,
   interfaces to Fortran and C, a portable toolkit that allows
   applications to be developed on a workstation or small parallel
   computer and run unchanged on supercomputers, and integrated debugging
   and performance analysis tools. PCN includes a runtime system,
   compiler, linker, a set of standard libraries, virtual topology tools,
   a symbolic debugger (PDB), an execution profiler (Gauge), and a trace
   analysis tool (Upshot). PCN was developed at Argonne National
   Laboratory and the California Institute of Technology.  PCN runs on
   Sun4, NeXT, IBM RS/6000, SGI Iris, Intel iPSC/860, Intel Touchstone
   DELTA, Sequent Symmetry running Dynix (not PTX), and should be easy to
   port to other architectures. PCN is in the public domain and can be
   obtained by anonymous ftp from
      info.mcs.anl.gov:/pub/pcn/pcn_v2.0.tar.Z
   The distribution includes a user's guide containing a tutorial and
   reference material. For further information on PCN, please send email to
   <[e-mail]> or contact Ian Foster <[e-mail]>
   708-252-4619 or Steve Tuecke <[e-mail]> 708-252-8711.

PDSS KL1:
   PDSS KL1 is an implementation of FGHC, a concurrent logic programming
   language developed at ICOT in Japan. Runs on Suns, HPs, DECs, and the
   Sequent Symmetry. Available free by anonymous ftp from ftp.icot.or.jp.
   A representative paper on the language is Kazunori Ueda and Takashi
   Chikayama, "Design of the Kernel Language for the Parallel Inference
   Machine", The Computer Journal, December, 1990. For more information,
   send email to [e-mail] or write to ICOT Free Software Desk,
   Institute for New Generation Computer Technology, 21st Floor, Mita
   Kokusai Bldg., 4-28, Mita 1-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108, Japan, fax
   [phone].

ROLOG:
   ROLOG is a parallel PROLOG compiler with a reduce-OR process model.
   It is available by anonymous ftp from cs.uiuc.edu:/pub/ROLOG/.

See also IC-Prolog II (a multi-threaded Prolog) in [2-1].

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Subject: [2-4] Commercial Parallel Prolog Implementations

This section contains commercial parallel Prolog and logic programming
implementations.

Densitron CS Prolog is a parallel prolog compiler and interpreter for
IBM PCs (MS-DOS or OS/2), T414/T800 transputer (mono or multi), 386
(Unix V), uVAX (VMS), or VAX(VMS). Also standard Prolog for MS-DOS,
UNIX and VAX. For more information, write to Densitron, Unit 4,
Aiport Trading Estate, Biggin Hill, Kent, TN16 3BW, UK, call +44 959
76331, or fax [phone].

Paralogic is a parallel implementation of the Clocksin and Mellish
Prolog. It runs on DOS-based PCs or Apple Macintoshes with the INMOS
Transputers. For more information, write to Paralogic Inc., 115
Research Drive, Bethlehem, PA 18015, call 215-861-6960, fax
215-861-8247 or email [e-mail]. It is also
distributed by Computer Systems Architects, 905 N. University Avenue,
Provo, UT 84604-3422, 800-753-4272 (801-374-2300), or fax [phone]
as n-parallel Prolog.

PARLOG is a parallel emulator from Imperial College for the Sequent
Balance, Sequent Symmetry, Encore Multimax, Alliant FX (Unix), Sun
(Unix, 1 processor). For more information, write to Imperial College,
Department of Computing, Parlog Distribution Secretary, 180 Queen's
Gate, London SW7 2BZ, UK, call [phone] x7537, fax [phone]
8024, or send email to [e-mail]. The single processor
versions of PARLOG for the Sun-3 and Sun-4 are now available free of
charge.  Please refer to the entry regarding IC-Prolog II in this
Resource Guide. Parallel Logic Programming produces PC-PARLOG and
MacPARLOG for the IBM PC and Macintosh computers.  For more
information contact Parallel Logic Programming Ltd., PO Box 49,
Twickenham, Middlesex TW2 5PH, UK or call [phone].

Strand-88 is a parallel emulator for Sun3, Sun4, Sparc BBN Butterfly,
GPT2000, Cogent Multimax, Intel iPSC/2, iPSC/860, MIPS RiscStation,
Sequent Symmetry Balance (Unix System V or Mach, Helios) and
communication component from CSTools, Express in some cases. Also
Transputer systems PC hosted systems from Paracom, Telmat and others,
Unix hosted systems from Meiko, Paracom, Telmat and others, Apple
Macintosh, Atari ATW, and NeXT. Price dependent on configuration and
scale of target machine. For more information, write to Strand
Software Technologies Ltd., Ver House, London Rd, Markyate, Herts AL3
8JP, UK, call [phone], fax [phone], or send email to
[e-mail].

SICS Aurora and Echo. See SICStus Prolog above.

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Subject: [2-5] Free Constraint Systems

This section contains constraint systems, constraint logic programming
systems, concurrent constraint languages, and other constraint
processing systems.

cu-Prolog:
   cu-Prolog is an experimental constraint logic programming language
   available free from Japan's Institute for New Generation Computer
   Technology (ICOT). Unlike most conventional CLP systems, cu-Prolog
   allows user-defined predicates as constraints and is suitable for
   implementing a natural language processing system based on the
   unification-based grammar. For example, the cu-Prolog developers
   implemented a JPSG (Japanese Phrase Structure Grammar) parser in
   cu-Prolog with the JPSG Working Group (the chairman is Prof. GUNJI,
   Takao of Osaka University) at ICOT. cu-Prolog is a complete
   implementation of Constraint Unification (cu), hence the name.
   cu-Prolog is implemented in C for BSD UNIX 4.2/3. Professor Sirai of
   Chukyo-University has also implemented cu-Prolog for the Apple
   Macintosh and DJ's GPP (80386/486 MS-DOS machine with the DOS
   extender). cu-Prolog is available free by anonymous ftp from
   ftp.icot.or.jp. For further information, send email to [e-mail],
   or write to ICOT Free Software Desk, Institute for New Generation
   Computer Technology, 21st Floor, Mita Kokusai Bldg., 4-28, Mita
   1-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108, Japan, fax [phone].

CLP(R):
   CLP(R) is a constraint logic programming language with real-arithmetic
   constraints.  The implementation contains a built-in constraint solver
   which deals with linear arithmetic and contains a mechanism for delaying
   nonlinear constraints until they become linear.  Since CLP(R) subsumes
   PROLOG, the system is also usable as a general-purpose logic programming
   language. It includes facilities for meta-programming with constraints.
   The system consists of a compiler, byte-code emulator, and constraint
   solver. CLP(R) is written entirely in C and runs on Suns, Vaxen,
   MIPS-based machines (Decstations, Silicon Graphics), IBM RS6000s and
   PS2s. Includes MS-DOS support. It is available free from IBM for
   academic and research purposes only. To get a copy, write
   to Joxan Jaffar, H1-D48, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center,
   P.O. Box 704, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, or send email to
   [e-mail] or [e-mail]. Current version 1.2.
   For more information, write to Joxan or Roland Yap
   <[e-mail]>.

See also ECLiPSe, Beta-Prolog, and LIFE in [2-1] and ALE in [1-2].

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Subject: [2-6] Commercial Constraint Systems

This section contains constraint systems, constraint logic programming
systems, concurrent constraint languages, and other constraint
processing systems.

CHIP V4 (Constraint Handling In Prolog) is designed as an extension to
Prolog offering three constraint solving domains: Integers, Rationals
and Booleans. The system was originally developed at ECRC in Munich
and now extended by the same team at COSYTEC in Paris. CHIP V4
includes extensions to the three domains: symbolic constraints, update
demons and cumulative constraints. The system is available with
optional interfaces for X11 and DOS graphics (XGIP), Oracle or Ingres
database connection (QUIC), C language interface (CLIC) and embedded
application interface (EMC). CHIP V4 is written completely in C, and
is available on a range of workstations including SunSparc (SunOS
4.1), IBM RS6000 (AIX 3.2), HP 9000/700 series (HPUX 9.0) and
Decstation 3000 & 5000 (Ultrix 4.2) and PC386/486 (Dos 5.0).
Development and Runtime licences can be purchased for single-user,
multi-user or site licences together with support and maintenance. An
academic discount is offered for educational and research purposes.
For more information contact COSYTEC, Parc Club Orsay Universite 4 rue
Jean Rostand, 91893 Orsay Cedex, France, phone [phone], fax
[phone] or email <[e-mail]>.  COSYTEC is a founder
member of the PVG (Prolog Vendors Group).

CLP(R) is a constraint system from Monash University for VAX, Sun, and
Pyramid (Unix). Costs $150. For more information, write to Monash
University, CLP(R) Distribution, Department of Computer Science,
Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia, or send email to
[e-mail].

ICE (Integrated Constraint Engine) is a Constraint Logic Programming
extension to IBM SAA AD/Cycle Prolog for OS/2. ICE contains a linear
constraint solver and a domain reduction solver, working on real
interval variables and finite domain (and boolean) variables. The real
linear solver is based on a revised Simplex technology, which gives it
excellent performance for a CLP language. It features: detection of
implicit equalities, minimization and maximization predicates, query
for a solution, delay of non-linear equations, control of precision
and refactorization.  The domain reduction solver handles both
continuous and finite domain variables. The solver handles both
(non-)linear arithmetic constraints and several "symbolic" constraints
(min, max, element, no_overlap...).  A complete set of tools for
handling Boolean constraints is also provided. When dealing with real
variables, the solution can be refined using the dichotomy and
solve-by-refutation predicates built into ICE.  Finally, basic
primitives are offered for implementing various implicit enumeration
schemes.  But the most important feature and novelty of ICE is the
tight integration between the two solvers: when a variable appears
both in linear and domain reduction constraints, variations on its
bounds computed by one solver are taken into account by the other.
This allows the use of ICE for many complex, hybrid problems, as well
as for more classical Mixed Integer Linear Programming problems, for
which a generic Branch & Bound procedure is also provided. Other
features of ICE include advanced meta-programming, compilation of
constraints and the ability to build ICE on top of an existing IBM
Prolog workspace.  ICE comes with both paper and on-line documentation
as well as several examples showing its capabilities.  For more
information, write to Henri Beringer <[e-mail]> or Bruno
De Backer <[e-mail]>, IBM France Scientific Center, 68-76 Quai
de la Rap'ee, 75592 PARIS CEDEX 12, FRANCE. Please reference "Program
Number 5797-SW2".

ILOG SOLVER (formerly called PECOS) is a C++ library that implements a
CLP (Constraint Logic Programming) instance known as finite domains.
It is available on most Unix platforms, including Sun, HP, IBM
RS-6000, DEC, and SGI, and on Windows 3.1 for both Microsoft Visual
C++ and Borland C++. This library includes:
  - Prolog control structures:  non determinism, choice points,
    backtracking and cut. Modification of user-defined objects can be
    trailed so that their state is restored when a failure occurs.
  - Finite domain logical variables, and associated constraints.
  - Finite set logical variables and associated constraints.
  - Interval floating point variables, and associated
    constraints, analogous to what is found in BNR Prolog.
  - Predefined search and optimization algorithms.
ILOG SOLVER does not use unification for passing arguments.  This
enables a smooth integration with C++. For further information: In the
USA and Canada, contact ILOG, Inc., 2073 Landings Drive, Mountain
View, CA 94303, phone [phone], fax [phone], e-mail
[e-mail].  Outside the USA and Canada: contact ILOG SA, 12 avenue
Raspail, 94251 Gentilly Cedex, France, tel [phone],
fax [phone], e-mail [e-mail].

VS Trilogy is a Prolog compiler available from Vertical Software for
$395. For more information, write to Vertical Software Ltd., 14-636
Clyde Ave, W. Vancouver, BC, V7T 1E1, Canada, call 604-925-0321, or fax
604-688-8479.

See also Prolog III and SNI Prolog in [2-2].

----------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: [2-7] Free Logic Programming Systems

ALF:
   ALF (Algebraic Logic Functional programming language) is a
   language which combines functional and logic programming techniques.
   The foundation of ALF is Horn clause logic with equality which
   consists of predicates and Horn clauses for logic programming, and
   functions and equations for functional programming.  The abstract
   machine is based on the Warren Abstract Machine (WAM) with several
   extensions to implement narrowing and rewriting.     In the current
   implementation programs of this abstract machine are executed by an
   emulator written in C. It is available by anonymous ftp from
      ftp.germany.eu.net:/pub/programming/languages/LogicFunctional/
   (aka simpson.germany.eu.net) as the files alf_*.zoo
   (Documentation, C sources for the emulator, the preprocessor and the
   compiler). For further information, contact Rudolf Opalla
   <[e-mail]>.

CORAL:
   CORAL is a deductive database/logic programming system developed at
   the University of Wisconsin-Madison. It is a declarative language
   based on Horn-clause rules with extensions like SQL's group-by and
   aggregation operators, and uses a Prolog-like syntax.

   CORAL is available via anonymous ftp from ftp.cs.wisc.edu:/coral/.  The
   distribution includes source code compatible with AT&T C++ Version 2.0
   or later, executables for Decstations and SUN 4s, the CORAL User
   Manual, and some related papers containing a language overview and
   implementation details.  (A version of the source code compatible with
   GNU g++ will be available shortly.) For more information, contact
   Raghu Ramakrishnan, <[e-mail]>.

Lolli:
   Lolli is an interpreter for logic programming based on linear logic
   principles. Lolli, named for the linear logic implication operator
   "-o" called lollipop, is a full implementation of the language
   described in the paper "Logic Programming in a Fragment of
   Intuitionistic Linear Logic" (Josh Hodas & Dale Miller, to appear in
   Information and Computation), though it differs a bit in syntax, and
   has several built-in extra-logical predicates and operators. Lolli is
   available by anonymous ftp from
      ftp.cis.upenn.edu:/pub/Lolli/Lolli-07.tar.Z
   This distribution includes full ML source, along with a Makefile, as well
   as several background papers and a collection of example programs. For
   those who do not have SML-NJ at their site, the authors hope to
   provide pre-built binaries for a variety of architectures. These
   binaries can be found on
      ftp.cis.upenn.edu:/pub/Lolli/binaries/
   At present Sparc and NeXT binaries are available.  If you compile
   lolli on a new architecture, please contact Josh Hodas at
   <[e-mail]> so that he can make your binary available.

See also LIFE, SLG, and XSB in [2-1] and BeBOP in [2-3].

----------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: [2-8] Commercial Logic Programming Systems

None so far. This is to be expected, as most logic programming systems
are experimental.

----------------------------------------------------------------
;;; *EOF*