SPECIFIC HEAT J/░K/mol (Joules per degree Kelvin per mole) at NTP.
The specific heat is the capacity of a substance to hold heat. Specific Heat is the amount of heat (in joules) required to raise the temperature of a mole of substance by one degree Kelvin. Heat is molecular vibration, and the greater the number of ways in which a molecule can vibrate (its' number of degrees of freedom) the greater is the heat capacity. The specific heat depends upon the temperature; in general, as the temperature is reduced to absolute zero, so the specific heat capacity reduces to zero. The specific heat is lowest for monatomic gases, higher for diatomic gases, and higher still for solids. In metals, phonons (sound or vibration quanta) make the largest contribution to specific heat capacity with the free electrons contributing little (except at cryogenic temperatures where the free electron contribution dominates). For monatomic solids, the ideal theoretical value for the specific heat is 24.943.
The halogens generally have high specific heats, the highest being (liquid) Bromine at 76, followed by Iodine at 54 and Chlorine at 34. All the monatomic gases (the Noble gases) Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon and Radon have identical values of 21. Most other elements have a value of 25. Beryllium has a specific heat of 16, Boron 11 and Carbon in the form of diamond, the lowest at 6.
It is interesting to plot Specific Heat against Entropy (Solid) on a scattergram plot.
