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- Network Working Group S. Bradner
- Request for Comments: 2119 Harvard University
- BCP: 14 March 1997
- Category: Best Current Practice
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- Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels
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- Status of this Memo
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- This document specifies an Internet Best Current Practices for the
- Internet Community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
- improvements. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
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- Abstract
-
- In many standards track documents several words are used to signify
- the requirements in the specification. These words are often
- capitalized. This document defines these words as they should be
- interpreted in IETF documents. Authors who follow these guidelines
- should incorporate this phrase near the beginning of their document:
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- The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL
- NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
- "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in
- RFC 2119.
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- Note that the force of these words is modified by the requirement
- level of the document in which they are used.
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- 1. MUST This word, or the terms "REQUIRED" or "SHALL", mean that the
- definition is an absolute requirement of the specification.
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- 2. MUST NOT This phrase, or the phrase "SHALL NOT", mean that the
- definition is an absolute prohibition of the specification.
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- 3. SHOULD This word, or the adjective "RECOMMENDED", mean that there
- may exist valid reasons in particular circumstances to ignore a
- particular item, but the full implications must be understood and
- carefully weighed before choosing a different course.
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- 4. SHOULD NOT This phrase, or the phrase "NOT RECOMMENDED" mean that
- there may exist valid reasons in particular circumstances when the
- particular behavior is acceptable or even useful, but the full
- implications should be understood and the case carefully weighed
- before implementing any behavior described with this label.
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- Bradner Best Current Practice [Page 1]
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- RFC 2119 RFC Key Words March 1997
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- 5. MAY This word, or the adjective "OPTIONAL", mean that an item is
- truly optional. One vendor may choose to include the item because a
- particular marketplace requires it or because the vendor feels that
- it enhances the product while another vendor may omit the same item.
- An implementation which does not include a particular option MUST be
- prepared to interoperate with another implementation which does
- include the option, though perhaps with reduced functionality. In the
- same vein an implementation which does include a particular option
- MUST be prepared to interoperate with another implementation which
- does not include the option (except, of course, for the feature the
- option provides.)
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- 6. Guidance in the use of these Imperatives
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- Imperatives of the type defined in this memo must be used with care
- and sparingly. In particular, they MUST only be used where it is
- actually required for interoperation or to limit behavior which has
- potential for causing harm (e.g., limiting retransmisssions) For
- example, they must not be used to try to impose a particular method
- on implementors where the method is not required for
- interoperability.
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- 7. Security Considerations
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- These terms are frequently used to specify behavior with security
- implications. The effects on security of not implementing a MUST or
- SHOULD, or doing something the specification says MUST NOT or SHOULD
- NOT be done may be very subtle. Document authors should take the time
- to elaborate the security implications of not following
- recommendations or requirements as most implementors will not have
- had the benefit of the experience and discussion that produced the
- specification.
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- 8. Acknowledgments
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- The definitions of these terms are an amalgam of definitions taken
- from a number of RFCs. In addition, suggestions have been
- incorporated from a number of people including Robert Ullmann, Thomas
- Narten, Neal McBurnett, and Robert Elz.
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- Bradner Best Current Practice [Page 2]
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- RFC 2119 RFC Key Words March 1997
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- 9. Author's Address
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- Scott Bradner
- Harvard University
- 1350 Mass. Ave.
- Cambridge, MA 02138
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- phone - +1 617 495 3864
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- email - sob@harvard.edu
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- Bradner Best Current Practice [Page 3]
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