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CBM 95-7
Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health
January 1990 through September 1995
1966 Citations
Prepared by
Jennie P. Hunt, M.S.L.S., National Library of Medicine
Karen A. Donato, M.S., R.D., National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
Carlos J. Crespo, Dr.Pn., M.S., National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
AND HUMAN SERVICES
Public Health Service
National Institutes of Health
National Library of Medicine
Reference Section
8600 Rockville Pike
Bethesda, Maryland 20894
1995
National Library of Medicine Cataloging in Publication
Hunt, Jennie P.
Physical activity and cardiovascular health : January 1990
through September 1995 : 1966 citations / prepared by Jennie
P. Hunt, Karen A. Donato, Carlos J. Crespo. --Bethesda, Md.
(8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda 20894) : U.S. Dept. of
Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National
Institutes of Health, National Library of Medicine,
Reference Section ; Pittsburgh, PA : Sold by the Supt. of
Docs., U.S. G.P.O., 1995.
-- (Current bibliographies in medicine ; 95-7)
Prepared in support of the National Institutes of Health
Consensus Development Conference on Physical Activity and
Cardiovascular Health, held in Bethesda, Md., Dec. 18-20,
1995.
1. Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control -
bibliography 2. Exercise - bibliography 3. Exercise
Therapy - bibliography I. Donato, Karen A. II. Crespo,
Carlos J. III. National Library of Medicine (U.S.).
Reference Section IV. National Institutes of Health
Consensus Development Conference on Physical Activity and
Cardiovascular Health (1995 : Bethesda, Md.) V. Title VI.
Series
O2NLM: ZW 1 N272 no.95-7
SERIES NOTE
Current Bibliographies in Medicine (CBM) is a continuation in part of
the National Library of Medicine's Literature Search Series, which
ceased in 1987 with No. 87-15. In 1989 it also subsumed the Specialized
Bibliography Series. Each bibliography in the new series covers a
distinct subject area of biomedicine and is intended to fulfill a
current awareness function. Citations are usually derived from
searching a variety of online databases. NLM databases utilized include
MEDLINE, AVLINE, BIOETHICSLINE, CANCERLIT, CATLINE, HEALTH, POPLINE and
TOXLINE. The only criterion for the inclusion of a particular published
work is its relevance to the topic being presented; the format,
ownership, or location of the material is not considered.
Comments and suggestions on this series may be addressed to:
Karen Patrias, Editor
Current Bibliographies in Medicine
Reference Section
National Library of Medicine
Bethesda, MD 20894
Phone: 301-496-6097
Fax: 301-402-1384
Internet: patrias@nlm.nih.gov
Ordering Information:
Current Bibliographies in Medicine is sold by the Superintendent of
Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, P.O. 371954, Pittsburgh, PA
15250-7954. To order the entire CBM series for calendar year 1995
(approximately 10 bibliographies), send $47.00 ($58.75 foreign) to the
Superintendent of Documents citing GPO List ID: CBM95. For your
convenience an order blank is given inside the back cover. Orders for
individual bibliographies in the series ($4.75, $5.94 foreign) should be
sent to the Superintendent of Documents citing the title, CBM number,
and the GPO List ID given above.
Internet Access:
The Current Bibliographies in Medicine series is also available at no
cost to anyone with Internet access through FTP (File Transfer
Protocol). FTP to nlmpubs.nlm.nih.gov and login as anonymous. The
index file in the "bibs" directory provides information on the
bibliographies available.
Use of funds for printing this periodical has been approved by the
Director of the Office of Management and Budget through September 30,
1996.
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH
Over the past twenty-five years, the United States had experienced
steady declines in the death toll from cardiovascular disease (CVD),
primarily in coronary heart disease and stroke. Lifestyle improvements
by the American public and better control of risk factors for heart
disease and stroke have been major factors in this decline. Despite the
decline, however, heart disease remains the number one and stroke the
third leading causes of death.
Cardiovascular disease is of multifactorial etiology. Modifiable risk
factors include high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, smoking,
physical inactivity, obesity, and diabetes. In contrast to the positive
trend observed with high blood pressure and high blood cholesterol,
overweight and physical inactivity have been on the increase. In light
of this, the accumulating evidence of the risk of cardiovascular disease
associated with a sedentary lifestyle and the role of physical activity
in the prevention and treatment of CVD and other CVD risk factors needs
to be examined.
The following bibliography was produced in support of the National
Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference on Physical
Activity and Cardiovascular Health held in Bethesda, Maryland, on
December 18-20, 1995. It provides a list of journals and books which
contains information on physical activity or physical fitness and
cardiovascular health. The bibliography has been divided into four
sections: physical activity and health, physical activity and primary
prevention of CVD, physical activity and secondary prevention of CVD,
and physical activity in special populations or situations.
The first section, on physical activity and health, contains the
descriptive epidemiology of physical activity or physical fitness and
cardiovascular health, studies dealing with methodological issues and
definitions, and early papers on the effects of physical
activity/fitness and health. The second section, physical activity and
primary prevention of CVD, is comprised of investigations on physical
inactivity as a primary, independent, and modifiable risk factor for
coronary heart disease and those on the effects of physical
activity/fitness on other CVD risk factors, such as high blood pressure,
hyperlipidemia, obesity, diabetes, coagulability, fibrinolysis, and
other indirect risk factors associated with heart disease and stroke.
Also included are studies on the mechanisms of action, the effect of
different modes of physical activity, and the effects of intensity,
duration, and frequency of physical activity on cardiovascular health.
The third section, physical activity and secondary prevention of CVD,
focuses on the effects of cardiac rehabilitation and/or exercise
training in reductions in CVD mortality and improvement in the quality
of life in patients who have suffered a myocardial infarction, have
stable angina pectorus, or have undergone coronary artery bypass graft
surgery. Studies on the relationship of cardiac rehabilitation and
exercise training on pathophysiologic measures, i.e., coronary
atherosclerosis, hemodynamic measures, myocardial perfusion, etc., in
patients with heart disease are compiled as are those dealing with the
psychosocial and behavioral issues.
Finally, the fourth section contains studies on physical activity in
special populations including behavioral strategies among minority
groups, women, children, older adults, and in special situations such as
worksite health promotion programs, via health care providers, and
through community interventions. A bibliography of select books on
physical activity or those containing chapters on the effect of physical
activity or physical fitness in the primary or secondary prevention of
cardiovascular disease is included at the end.
This bibliography is an attempt to collect in one document original
journal articles, technical reports, and books identified as of October
1995 in multiple data bases. Results and conclusions of the published
articles are the responsibility of the individual authors and not the
National Institutes of Health or the National Library of Medicine. This
bibliography has some limitations. First, the journal articles or
publications available are those which appeared in the English language.
Second, there is a lag time between the date of publication and
inclusion of the reference in a computerized data base, and thus some
recent references may be absent. Third, books that deal with physical
activity or physical fitness and cardiovascular health but not as a
major area may have been missed.
The compilers wish to acknowledge the valuable contribution of Drs.
Thomas Doubt, Eva Obarzanek, and Denise Simons-Morton to the successful
completion of this project.
SEARCH STRATEGY
A variety of online databases are usually searched in preparing
bibliographies in the CBM series. To assist you in updating or
otherwise manipulating the material in this search, the strategy used
for the NLM's MEDLINE database is given below. Please note that the
search strategies presented here differ from individual demand searches
in that they are generally broadly formulated and irrelevant citations
edited out prior to printing.
SS 1 = EXP EXERTION OR EXP SPORTS OR CAMPING OR DANCING
SS 2 = (TW) INACTIVE OR INACTIVITY OR SEDENTARY OR ALL PHYSICAL: AND ALL
ACTIV:
SS 3 = CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES (PX)
SS 4 = 1 AND 3 OR 2 AND 3
SS 5 = 4 AND NOT FOR (LA)
GRATEFUL MED
To make online searching easier and more efficient, the Library offers
GRATEFUL MED, microcomputer-based software that provides a user-friendly
interface to most NLM databases. This software was specifically
developed for health professionals and features multiple choice menus
and "fill in the blank" screens for easy search preparation. GRATEFUL
MED runs on an IBM PC (or IBM-compatible) with DOS 2.0 or a Macintosh,
and requires a Hayes (or Hayes-compatible) modem. It may be purchased
from the National Technical Information Service in Springfield,
Virginia, for $29.95 (plus $3.00 per order for shipping). For your
convenience, an order blank has been enclosed at the back of this
bibliography.
SAMPLE CITATIONS
Citations in this bibliographic series are formatted according to the
rules established for Index Medicus. Sample journal and monograph
citations appear below. For journal articles written in a foreign
language, the English translation of the title is placed in brackets;
for monographs, the title is given in the original language. In both
cases the language of publication is shown by a three letter
abbreviation appearing at the end of the citation. Note also that a
colon (:) may appear within an author's name or article title. The NLM
computer system automatically inserts this symbol in the place of a
diacritical mark.
Journal Article:
Authors Article Title
Bauman A, Owen N. Habitual physical activity and cardiovascular risk
factors. Med J Aust 1991 Jan 7;154(1):22-8.
Abbreviated Journal Date Volume Issue Pages
Title
Monograph:
Authors/Editors Title
Webber BA, Prior JA, editors. Physiotherapy for respiratory and cardiac
problems. New York: Churchill Livingstone; 1993. 461 p.
Place of Publisher Date Total No.
Publication of Pages
_________________________________
*For details of the formats used for references, see the following
publication:
Patrias, Karen. National Library of Medicine recommended formats for
bibliographic citation. Bethesda (MD): The Library; 1991 Apr.
Available from: NTIS, Springfield, VA; PB91-182030.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Physical Activity and Health
Physical Activity and Primary Prevention
Mechanisms of Action
Association with Other Risk Factors
Physical Activity and Secondary Prevention
Mechanisms of Action
Cardiac Rehabilitation
Physical Activity in Special Populations
Monographs
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND HEALTH
Adamopoulos PN, Macrilakis K, Papamichael C, Malakos I, Panayidis N,
Moulopoulos SD. Physical activity and relationship with coronary heart
disease risk factors. Acta Cardiol 1993;48(6):523-34.
Albanes D, Conway JM, Taylor PR, Moe PW, Judd J. Validation and
comparison of eight physical activity questionnaires. Epidemiology 1990
Jan;1(1):65-71.
American College of Sports Medicine. Position Stand. Physical activity,
physical fitness, and hypertension. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1993
Oct;25(10):i-x. Comment in: Med Sci Sports Exerc 1994 Oct;26(10):1295-6.
Amsterdam EA. Sudden death during exercise. Cardiology 1990;77(5):411-7.
Arraiz GA, Wigle DT, Mao Y. Risk assessment of physical activity and
physical fitness in the Canada Health Survey mortality follow-up study.
J Clin Epidemiol 1992 Apr;45(4):419-28.
Arroll B, Beaglehole R. Potential misclassification in studies of
physical activity. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1991 Oct;23(10):1176-8.
Atkins CJ, Senn K, Rupp J, Kaplan RM, Patterson TL, Sallis JF Jr, Nader
PR. Attendance at health promotion programs: baseline predictors and
program outcomes. Health Educ Q 1990 Winter;17(4):417-28.
Balkau B, Vray M, Eschwege E. Epidemiology of peripheral arterial
disease. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1994;23 Suppl 3:S8-16.
Bashshur R, Quick R. Health attitudes and behaviours of Native Alaskans.
Arctic Med Res 1991;Suppl:313-9.
Battie MC. Aerobic fitness and its measurement. Spine 1991
Jun;16(6):677-8.
Bauman A, Owen N. Habitual physical activity and cardiovascular risk
factors. Med J Aust 1991 Jan 7;154(1):22-8.
Bauman A, Owen N, Rushworth RL. Recent trends and socio-demographic
determinants of exercise participation in Australia. Community Health
Stud 1990;14(1):19-26.
Behrman JR, Sickles RC, Taubman P. Age-specific death rates with tobacco
smoking and occupational activity: sensitivity to sample length,
functional form, and unobserved frailty. Demography 1990
May;27(2):267-84.
Bennett SA. Inequalities in risk factors and cardiovascular mortality
among Australia's immigrants. Aust J Public Health 1993
Sep;17(3):251-61.
Berg JE, Hostmark AT. Workload and cardiovascular risk factors in
executives and non-executives of the same company. Occup Med (Oxf) 1994
May;44(2):87-90.
Bergel RR. Disabling effects of inactivity and importance of physical
conditioning. A historical perspective. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 1990
Nov;16(4):791-801.
Berlin JA, Colditz GA. A meta-analysis of physical activity in the
prevention of coronary heart disease. Am J Epidemiol 1990
Oct;132(4):612-28. Comment in: Am J Epidemiol 1991 Jul 15;134(2):232-4.
Bijnen FC, Caspersen CJ, Mosterd WL. Physical inactivity as a risk
factor for coronary heart disease: a WHO and International Society and
Federation of Cardiology position statement. Bull World Health Organ
1994;72(1):1-4.
Bild DE, Fitzpatrick A, Fried LP, Wong ND, Haan MN, Lyles M, Bovill E,
Polak JF, Schulz R. Age-related trends in cardiovascular morbidity and
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Bjornstad H, Storstein L, Dyre Meen H, Hals O. Electrocardiographic
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Bjornstad H, Storstein L, Dyre Meen H, Hals O. Electrocardiographic
findings of heart rate and conduction times in athletic students and
sedentary control subjects. Cardiology 1993;83(4):258-67.
Bjornstad H, Storstein L, Meen HD, Hals O. Electrocardiographic findings
in athletic students and sedentary controls. Cardiology
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Blair SN, Dowda M, Pate RR, Kronenfeld J, Howe HG Jr, Parker G, Blair A,
Fridinger F. Reliability of long-term recall of participation in
physical activity by middle-aged men and women. Am J Epidemiol 1991 Feb
1;133(3):266-75.
Blair SN, Kohl HW, Barlow CE. Physical activity, physical fitness, and
all-cause mortality in women: do women need to be active? J Am Coll Nutr
1993 Aug;12(4):368-71.
Blair SN, Kohl HW 3rd, Barlow CE, Paffenbarger RS Jr, Gibbons LW, Macera
CA. Changes in physical fitness and all-cause mortality. A prospective
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Bonheur B, Young SW. Exercise as a health-promoting lifestyle choice.
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Booth ML, Macaskill P, Owen N, Oldenburg B, Marcus BH, Bauman A.
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Bostick RM, Luepker RV, Kofron PM, Pirie PL. Changes in physician
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Brownson RC, Smith CA, Jorge NE, Deprima LT, Dean CG, Cates RW. The role
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Buchner DM, Wagner EH. Preventing frail health. Clin Geriatr Med 1992
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Burke AP, Farb A, Virmani R, Goodin J, Smialek JE. Sports-related and
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Burt VL, Harris T. The third National Health and Nutrition Examination
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Cardinal BJ. Reliability and validity of the Lifestyle Exercise
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Caspersen CJ, Bloemberg BP, Saris WH, Merritt RK, Kromhout D. The
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Caspersen CJ, Kriska AM, Dearwater SR. Physical activity epidemiology as
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Cauley JA, Donfield SM, Laporte RE, Warhaftig NE. Physical activity by
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Chandrashekhar Y, Anand IS. Exercise as a coronary protective factor. Am
Heart J 1991 Dec;122(6):1723-39.
Clausen J, Jensen G. Blood pressure and mortality: an epidemiological
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Coronary heart disease attributable to sedentary lifestyle--selected
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Crawford MH. Exercise-induced myocardial ischemia. Importance of
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the Scottish Heart Health Study. Br Heart J 1990 Sep;64(3):199-203.
Dargie HJ, Grant S. Exercise. BMJ 1991 Oct 12;303(6807):910-2. Comment
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Davis MA, Neuhaus JM, Moritz DJ, Lein D, Barclay JD, Murphy SP. Health
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NHANES I Epidemiologic Follow-up Study. Prev Med 1994 May;23(3):369-76.
DiPietro L, Williamson DF, Caspersen CJ, Eaker E. The descriptive
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adults trying to lose weight: the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance
System survey, 1989. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1993 Feb;17(2):69-76.
Eaton CB. Relation of physical activity and cardiovascular fitness to
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Eaton CB, Medalie JH, Flocke SA, Zyzanski SJ, Yaari S, Goldbourt U.
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